1、湖南省长沙市长郡中学2021届高三英语下学期5月第五次适应性考试试题（含解析）考试范围：高中知识点；考试时间：120 分钟。注意事项：1. 本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上
2、的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man advise the woman to buy?A. A red skirt.B. A white sweater.C. A pair of blu
3、e jeans.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Im thinking of buying my daughter a pair of blue jeans for her birthday.M: If I were you, I would buy a red skirt. It goes really well with her white sweater.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Mother and son.B. Business partners.C.
4、Boss and secretary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Ms. Brown, can you tell me my arrangements today?W: At 9 oclock, you have a meeting. And then you should have lunch with your business partner. Oh, you said you will buy a gift for your son today.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman know about?A. Major rivers.B
5、. Famous mountains.C. Capital cities.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Do you know the major rivers and famous mountains in Europe?W: Hm. Ask me about capital cities instead.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the full price of the mans jacket？A. $15.B. $30.C. $50.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: So, what did you buy?M: A jacket. It was a r
6、eal bargain. I got it for half price, so I saved 15 dollars. W: Thats very cheap. I bought a similar one for 50 dollars last year.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What do we know about Jack?A. He had a pleasant trip to Wuhan.B. He hoped everything went well in Wuhan.C. He spent an unforgettable winter this year
7、 in Wuhan.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Hi, Jack. How was your trip to Wuhan?M: Well, everything was wonderful. I enjoyed it except that the weather was chilly in this early winter.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时
8、间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. Why does the man make the call?A. To make an enquiry about a new car.B. To buy an insurance for his car.C. To make a complaint about the service.7. How much does the Red Flag charge monthly?A. $ 30.B. $ 40.C. $ 48.【答案】6. B 7. B【解析】【原文】W: Hello motor
9、 insurance departmentM: Oh hello Id like to ask about insurance for my car.W: Yes, of course. Ill just take a few details. Whats your name? M: Patrick Jones.W: And your address? M: Its 40 Bank Road.W: When would you like to start the insurance? M: Ill need it from the 30th of January.W: Right. Mr Jo
10、nes. Im getting a couple of quotes coming up on the computer now, and the best bet looks like being with a company called Red Flag. And that comes out at $ 480 per year.M: Well, that seems OK. Its quite a bit lower than Ive been paying.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What is the conversation m
11、ainly about？A. The womans poor health.B. The cleaning of the floor.C. The prize for a good job.9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers？A. Husband and wife.B. Doctor and patient.C. Boss and employee.10. What do we know about the Roomba?A. It helps the man with his work.B. It cos
12、ts the woman nearly $400.C. It frees users of heavy housework.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C【解析】【原文】M: The floor looks so shining. Did you call the cleaning company?W: No. I had a headache and returned home earlier. So I did it myself. M: A headache?W: Dont worry. I am feeling much better now. M: You could hav
13、e called me.W: Thanks, honey. It wasnt as hard as you think. I have been using a Roomba recently. M: Oh, that cleaning robot? It costs a lot. Maybe $400?W: Actually, I got it as a prize from my boss last week. You know I always do a good job. M: You saved a lot. By the way, how to use the Roomba?W:
14、Its easy. Just press the button. You can do something else while its working. M: Interesting. Let me help clean the floor next time.W: Sure.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. What kind of show does the man want to make?A. A cooking show.B. A quiz show.C. An interview show.12. Where does the man
15、want people to watch his show?A. In their offices.B. In their homes.C. In their cars.13. What is the womans advice?A. Picking a different goal.B. Saving up some money.C. Making his show different from others.【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C【解析】【原文】W: I understand that youre looking to start a show within the n
16、ext two years. Is this true?M: Yes. Ive always wanted to be one of the people you see on television talking to guests about their careers.W: Have you thought about other options? Those types of shows can be on many different types of media. Many hosts start out on the radio, but now the technology i
17、s better and you can even make a show on the Internet.M: I want it to be the show that people watch while theyre eating dinner.W: Thats a good goal, but itll be difficult to get you on television with just that idea. I suggest you come up with something that makes you different from the other simila
18、r shows airing now.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. Which film of the following DIDNT the woman see?A. Raising Arizona.B. Wild at heart.C. Neither.15. How does the woman like the black humor film?A. Very much.B. Not a bit.C. So-So.16. What kind of actor does the man think Nicolas Cage should b
19、e?A. A tragic actor.B. A classical actor.C. A comic actor.17. What films make Nicolas Cage more popular?A Action movies.B. Comic movies.C. Tragic movies.【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C 17. A【解析】【原文】M: Mary, who is your favorite actor?W: Nicolas Cage.M: I used to like Nicolas Cage more than I do now. He used t
20、o play more interesting roles. W: What do you mean? What movies?M: Oh, my favorite Nicolas Cage movie was Wild at heart. He was perfect for that role. W: I saw Wild at heart. It was boring. I almost couldnt watch it.M: It was the kind of movie that they call black humor.W: Yes, I know. Black humor i
21、s humor with a lot of violence or horrible things in it. I really dont like black humor.M: What about Raising Arizona? Did you see that? W: No.M: You must see it. To me, that is the classical Nicolas Cage movie. He is perfect for it. W: I like his new movies,M: Well, I know he is more popular since
22、he started doing action movies. But I always think he should be a comic actor. That is what he does best.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18. Why are there tears in the womans eyes?A. She is cutting onions.B. She heard some bad news.C. She wants the man to leave.19. What is the probable relationsh
23、ip between the speakers?A. Mother and son.B. Brother and sister.C. Uncle and niece.20. How does the man feel?A. Worried.B. Optimistic.C. Relieved.【答案】18. A 19. A 20. B【解析】【原文】M: Dont cry. Ill come home from college at the end of every term. Youll still see me.W: Its not that. Im preparing your favor
24、ite meal and Ive been cutting onions. But I do feel sad that youre leaving.M: I know. I understand. But this is the opportunity of a lifetime. I can see great things ahead for me.W: I hope so. Your brother and sister are doing well at university. Youre the last of our children to leave home.M: Ill b
25、e a successjust wait and see. Anyway, the food smells good.W: Are you hungry? I hope so. By the way, Ive invited Uncle Jack to dinner. He wanted to see you before you leave.M: Oh good, it will be nice to see him.W: I think he might be bringing some sort of gift, so make sure you thank him for it. M:
26、 Well, you dont need to tell me that. I know all about good manners.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AESSAY CONTESTTHEME“A Letter from Myself in 2030”GUIDELINES1. Essays may be submitted by anyone up to 25 years old.2. Essays must be 700 words
27、or less. Essays should be typed or printed.3. Entries may be submitted online or by postal mail.* IMPORTANT: To send your essay online, you must go to the organizers website and follow the required steps.4. Entries submitted by postal mail must include a cover page indicating: your name; age; gender
28、; address; e-mail; phone number; school name (if applicable); essay title; word count.* A cover page template (模板) is available to download on the organizers website. You may also create your own cover page with all items above.5. Essays must be original and unpublished.6. Essays must be written by
29、one person.DEADLINEEntries must be received by June 15 this year.AWARDS 1st Prize: Certificate + Prize of $ 1,0002nd Prize: Certificate + Prize of $ 5003rd Prize: Certificate + Gift* 1st prize winners will be invited to the award ceremony on November 20 this year and will receive the Minister of Edu
30、cation Award. (Travel expenses will be covered by the organizer.)* All prize winners will be announced on October 31 this year on the organizers website. Certificates and gifts will be mailed to the winners, on December 10 this year.21. Which of the following entries will be considered?A. Co-authore
31、d ones.B. Handwritten ones.C. Those of less than 700 words.D. Those mailed without a cover page.22. What will a 2nd prize winner get?A. A special gift.B. A certificate and $ 500.C. A ticket to the award ceremony.D. The Minister of Education Award.23 When will the contest results be announced?A. On J
32、une 15.B. On October31.C. On November 20.D. On December 10.【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B【解析】【分析】本文是一则广告。文章介绍作文比赛及其有关事宜。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据 GUIDELINES部分中的“Essays must be 700 words or less(论文字数不超过700字)”可知，参赛作品为700词或以下。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据 AWARDS部分中的“2nd Prize: Certificate +Prize of $500(二等奖：证书+奖金$500)”可知，获得第二名的参赛者
33、将得到一张证书和500美元的奖金。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据 AWARDS部分中的“All prize winners will be announced on October 31 this year on the organizers website(所有获奖者将于今年10月31日在主办单位的网站上公布)”可知，10月31日公布比赛结果。故选B。BIt was in my first year of work as a doctor. My mouth was dry, my palms sweaty and my voice trembling. The only thing
34、 that kept me focused was the thought that things were so much worse for the family I was talking to.A woman in her early twenties had been brought in after a road traffic accident. She had suffered multiple injuries and had been rushed up to theatre. The surgeons had been unable to save her life an
35、d she died on the table. Ashen-faced, the consultant (会诊医生) told the womans family the news. “Tom, I think it would be nice if it came from you,” my consultant said.I stared blankly. “What?” I asked.“About organ donation,” he replied. I swallowed hard. Surely this would be the last thing theyd want
36、to talk about. It felt acutely awkward and ill-timed to be considering this kind of conversation while they were being engulfed in grief. But the problem with organ donation is that every minute counts. The clock is ticking because the sooner organs can be transplanted, the better the chance they wi
37、ll survive in the recipients (接受者) body.I began to feel sick. I opened the door and sat opposite them, convinced that I was only going to make things worse for them.“Its what shed have wanted,” the mother said before Id even finished. The father nodded. “She was always so generous,” her father added
38、.As my consultant and I left them, it occurred to me that Id been wrong in thinking it would be an awkward conversation. Nothing could take away the pain of having lost their daughter. Yet this last, final act had comforted them and helped them feel that the spirit of their daughter lived on m this
39、act of generosity. Strangely, it is one of the most heart-wanning conversations I have ever had.24. The first two paragraphs suggest_.A. the woman died on the sceneB. it was hard for the author to face deathC. the author witnessed the traffic accidentD. the womans death was told by the consultant25.
40、 Why did the author feel sick?A. He was caught in a dilemma.B. He was seriously ill at that time.C. He failed to transplant the organ.D. The womans chance of survival was slim.26. Why did the couple agree to donate their daughters organs?A. To do the author a favor.B. To show respect for the doctor.
41、C. To follow then daughters will.D. To end the awkward conversation.27. What made the awkward conversation heart-warming?A. The consultants assistance.B. The authors consideration.C. The donors kindness.D. The recipients appreciation.【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与遭遇事故去世的女孩家属交流器官
42、捐献的事情，以为是一件很难堪的事情，却意外的发现女孩父母欣然同意，这让作者感觉很暖心。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“My mouth was dry, my palms sweaty and my voice trembling. The only thing that kept me focused was the thought that things were so much worse for the family I was talking to.(我口干舌燥，手心冒汗，声音颤抖。唯一能让我集中注意力的是我想到，我正在交谈的这个家庭的情况要糟糕得多)”可推知，作者很难接受
43、死亡。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“It felt acutely awkward and ill-timed to be considering this kind of conversation while they were being engulfed in grief. (在他们沉浸在悲痛之中的时候考虑这种谈话，实在是非常尴尬和不合时宜)”可推知，作者感到很难受，因为他陷入了进退两难的境地。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Its what shed have wanted,” the mother said before Id even fi
44、nished. The father nodded. “She was always so generous,” her father added.(“这正是她想要的，”我还没说完，这位母亲就说。父亲点了点头。“她总是那么慷慨，”她的父亲补充说)”可知，这对夫妇同意捐出女儿的器官，以遵从女儿的意愿。故选C。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Yet this last, final act had comforted them and helped them feel that the spirit of their daughter lived on m this act of ge
45、nerosity. Strangely, it is one of the most heart-wanning conversations I have ever had.(然而，这最后的举动安慰了他们，让他们觉得女儿的精神寄托在我的慷慨行为上。奇怪的是，这是我经历过的最感人肺腑的谈话之一)”可知，作者作为一名医生一开始面临着不知该不该劝死者父母捐赠遗体的窘境，然而，死者父母愿意遵循女儿的心愿，让本该窘迫的对话变得暖心得根本原因是捐赠者得善良慷慨。故选C。C2020 was a really tough year. It affected our lives in many ways and
46、 made other serious issues even more difficult to address. There was also social and political unrest in the United States and other places around the world.All of this added up to some big, stressful year called 2020. In fact, 2020 is a song filled with low, depressing notes.In English, “low notes”
47、 are unpleasant things that happen during an event, any event. So if something ends on a low note, it ends in an unpleasant way. For example, once I took a fun vacation. But it ended on a low note. On the last day, all my money was stolen. Then my flight home was delayed. So, I had to sleep in an ai
48、rport for two days!However, we also have another phrase- a “high note”! In English, a “high note” is something pleasant or gratifying.So, to end something on a high note is to end it with something pleasant. It can also mean to end something at the best possible point - for example, at the point whe
49、n something is most successful.Anything can be a high note, if you choose it to be. For example, 2020 was a disaster. But for me it ended on a high note. One cold night in late December, I saw on owl in a tree near my house. I love owls but had never seen one so close before! That was a high note fo
50、r me.Hopefully, all of us were able to end 2020 on a high note.28. Which of the following does NOT show the writers attitude towards the year of 2020?A. Its a year that is filled with low notes.B. Its a year that ends on a high note.C. Its a year full of easy issues.D. Its a year full of unforgettab
51、le memories.29. Which word can replace the underlined word “gratifying” in paragraph 4?A. Humorous.B. Enjoyable.C. Permanent.D. Concerned.30. Why did 2020 end on a high note for the author?A. Because it ended on a high note.B. Because it is a song with something pleasant.C. Because the author loves
52、owls that have high notes.D. Because the author love owls and saw one so close.31. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. The usages of “high notes” and “low notes”.B. Examples about “high and low notes”.C. The change of “low notes” and “high notes”.D. Some serious issues about “high and low notes”
53、.【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A【解析】【分析】本文主要告诉读者2020年是非常艰难的一年。它在许多方面影响了我们的生活,使其他严重问题更加难以解决。但是我们的生活可以像一首英文歌有高音也有低音。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据原文第一段“2020 was a really tough year. It affected our lives in many ways and made other serious issues even more difficult to address.”2020年是非常艰难的一年。它在许多方面影响了我们的生活,使其他严重问题更加难以解决
54、。可知不能说明作者对2020年的态度这一年充满了容易的问题。故选C。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据原文第二段“However, we also have another phrase- a high note! In English, a high note is something pleasant or gratifying.”然而,我们还有另一个短语-“高音”!在英语中,“高音”是令人愉快或满意的东西。”可知Enjoyable令人愉快可以取代第4段中带下划线的“gratifying”一词。A. Humorous幽默的；B. Enjoyable令人愉快；C. Permanent永久性的；D
55、. Concerned担心的。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据原文倒数第二段“One cold night in late December, I saw an owl in a tree near my house. l love owls but had never seen one so close before! That was a high note for me.”十二月下旬的一个寒冷的夜晚,我看见一只猫头鹰在我家附近的树上。我喜欢猫头鹰,但从来没有见过这么近的!那对我来说是一个很高的音符。可知2020年会以一个高姿态结束是因为作者很喜欢猫头鹰，而且看得很近。故选D。【31
56、题详解】主旨大意题。根据原文第二段“In fact,2020 is a song filled with low, depressing notes.”2020是一首充满低沉、压抑音符的歌；以及第四段“However, we also have another phrase- a high note! In English, a high note is something pleasant or gratifying.”然而,我们还有另一个短语-“高音”!在英语中,“高音”是令人愉快或满意的东西。” 可知这篇文章主要告诉我们“高音”和“低音”的用法。故选A。DLast year, 138,0
57、00 San Francisco residents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers. Its a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, as San Francisco voters struck down a debatable rule that
58、 would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.Most pe
59、ople think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. Its a textbook example of the “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.The app has had unintended consequenc
60、es in San Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the companys image: middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multi
61、ple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off th
62、e market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the companys practices in San Francisco and other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.San Francisco is in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housin
63、g crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000. Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay, San Francisco simply doesnt have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young,
64、 high-salaried tech employees flocking to Silicon Valley.As the Los Angeles Times reported, some San Francisco residents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passi
65、ng the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the citys existing problems.32. The intention of Proposition F is to _.A. place time limits in local election.B. set limits on short-term rental.C. strike down a controversial rule.D. urge users to vote against Airbnb.3
66、3. What is the negative consequence of Airbnb on San Francisco?A. It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.B. Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.C. It makes the house market more competitive.D. It indirectly leads to high house rental price.34. The housing crisis in
67、San Francisco results from _.A. explosion of the living costB. its geographic characteristicsC. generosity of local enterprisesD. inflow of migrant population35. The authors attitude toward Proposition F is _.A. objectiveB. supportiveC. negativeD. indifferent【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论
68、文。旧金山提出了一项F提案限制房子短期租赁，这使得短期租赁软件Airbnb的很多用户反应激烈。文章介绍了Airbnb软件的影响和F提案支持者和反对者的看法。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“as San Francisco voters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services. (因为旧金山选民推翻了一项有争议的规定，该规定将对短期租赁服务设置时间限制和其他规定。)”可知，F提案的目的是
69、限制短期租赁。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs. (F提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，并导致成本上升。)”可知，Airbnb对旧金山的负面影响是它间接导致了房屋租金高。故选D项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Located on a narr
70、ow outcropping of land overlooking the bay, San Francisco simply doesnt have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking to Silicon Valley. (旧金山坐落在一块可以俯瞰海湾的狭长裸露土地上，没有足够的空间容纳大量涌入硅谷的年轻高薪技术员工。)”可知，旧金山的住房危机是流动人口流入造成的。故选D项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“The company
71、 fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. (该公司用近1000万美元的广告活动强烈反对F提案。)”和最后一段中“Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to sol
72、ve the citys existing problems. (反对F提案的人反驳说，住房危机要严重得多，通过这项规定只会阻碍一项受欢迎的服务，而对解决城市现有的问题几乎没有帮助。)” 可知，作者呈现了F提案反对者的观点；第四段中“Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs. (F提案的支持者认为，这种趋势使传统的、监管更好的住房市场失去了空间，
73、并导致成本上升。)”可知，作者呈现了F提案支持者的观点，因此在本文中，作者呈现了F提案反对者和支持者的相关观点，但是作者自己没有明确表示自己的立场，因此作者对F提案的态度是客观的。故选A项。第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.A high school student has a science test on Monday but spends most of the weekend playing video games and does not start studying un
74、til late Sunday night. This kind of avoiding or delaying of work that needs to be done is called procrastination(拖沓). It has been said that up to 95% of people procrastinate at least sometimes, and about 20% of them do it too much. _36_The first factor is how pleasant or unpleasant people find a tas
75、k. Research shows that people put off tasks they find unpleasant. Someone who loves bicycles might not delay fixing a tire, while someone who does not may put it off._37_ For example, those who have low expectations of success are more likely to delay starting a job. On the other hand, those who bel
76、ieve they can perform well take on challenging tasks rather than avoid them._38_ Studying hard in high school might not give high school students any immediate rewards; what they learn might not seem useful to the present. Sometimes. it is hard to see the benefit of making an effort when the reward
77、is too far away. _39_Lastly, another factor is whether or not people can use self-control. Those who have less self-control can easily be drawn away from their work. Interestingly, age is said to be associated with self-control. _40_If procrastination is a problem for you, the first step to reducing
78、 it is identifying the reasons behind it. It is only by understanding the roots of your problem that you can choose the appropriate method for yourself. A. Besides, there is a link between procrastination and how long people must wait before they see the reward for an effort.B. Research shows that t
79、he older people become, the less likely they are to delay doing their work until the last minute.C. In addition, the amount of confidence they have in their ability to do a task is also related to procrastination.D. As it is common to most people, how to avoid procrastination has become a major conc
80、ern.E. Whats more, it has been argued that too much confidence can also lead to procrastination.F. Although researchers do not agree on all the reasons behind procrastination, there is general agreement about some factors that can explain it.G. This can explain why many people do not start saving mo
81、ney for their old age when they are young.【答案】36. F 37. C 38. A 39. G 40. B【解析】【分析】本文是议论文，短文从四个方面来分析了有拖沓症的原因。一是愉快或不愉快的人们对这项任务的感觉怎样。二是人们的自信程度也与拖延症有关。三是拖延症和人们必须等待多久才能看到努力的回报是有联系的。四是人们自己是否有自控能力。【36题详解】承上启下句。根据The first factor is how pleasant or unpleasant people find a task. Research shows that people
82、put off tasks they find unpleasant. 第一个因素是愉快或不愉快的人们对这项任务的感觉怎样。研究表明，人们会推迟他们觉得不愉快的任务。所以上句应该提到拖沓的原因。选项F Although researchers do not agree on all the reasons behind procrastination, there is general agreement about some factors that can explain it.尽管研究人员对拖延症的所有原因并没有达成一致意见，但在一些能够解释拖延症的因素上却达成了普遍共识。故选F。【37
83、题详解】主旨句。根据第一段叙述的是第一个拖沓的原因，第二段叙述的是第二个拖沓的原因。根据those who have low expectations of success are more likely to delay starting a job. On the other hand, those who believe they can perform well take on challenging tasks rather than avoid them. 那些对成功期望较低的人更有可能推迟开始工作。另一方面，那些相信自己能出色完成任务的人会接受具有挑战性的任务，而不是逃避它们。这
84、里叙述了两种情况，选项C In addition, the amount of confidence they have in their ability to do a task is also related to procrastination此外，他们对自己完成任务的能力的自信程度也与拖延症有关。故选C。【38题详解】主旨句。根据Studying hard in high school might not give high school students any immediate rewards; 在高中努力学习可能不会给高中生任何即时的奖励。这里提到关键词rewards；与选项A
85、 Besides, there is a link between procrastination and how long people must wait before they see the reward for an effort. 此外，拖延症和人们必须等待多久才能看到努力的回报是有联系的。这里也到了关键词rewards，故选A。【39题详解】承上句。根据it is hard to see the benefit of making an effort when the reward is too far away. 当回报太遥远时，很难看到努力的好处。因此引出选项G：This c
86、an explain why many people do not start saving money for their old age when they are young. 这可以解释为什么很多人年轻时不开始存钱养老。前后句式因果关系。故选G。【40题详解】承上句。根据Interestingly, age is said to be associated with self-control. 有趣的是，据说年龄与自我控制有关。后面叙述年龄与自控的关系。选项B. Research shows that the older people become, the less likely t
87、hey are to delay doing their work until the last minute. 研究表明，年纪越大的人越不可能把工作拖到最后时刻。前后句是解释说明的关系。故选B。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A famous theorist once said, “I dont divide the world into the weak and the strong: or the s
88、uccesses and the failures.I divide the world into the learners and the non-learners.”What on earth would make someone a non-learner? Everyone is born with an intense _41_ to learn. Babies rise to the learning challenge daily. Not just for _42_tasks, but the most difficult ones of a lifetime, like le
89、aning to walk and talk. They never decide its too hard or not worth the _43_. Babies dont worry about making mistakes or _44_ themselves. They walk, they fall, they _45_.What puts an end to this fearless learning? A fixed mindset. As soon as children become able to evaluate themselves, some of them
90、become _46_ of challenges. They worry about not being _47_. My research team have studied thousands of people from preschoolers on, and Its breathtaking how many _48_ an opportunity to learn.We offered four-year-olds a _49_：they could redo an easy jigsaw (拼图) or try a harder one. Even at this young
91、age, children with a fixed mindset stuck with the _50_ one. They believe smart kids dont make _51_.Children with a growth mindset, however, thought it was a _52_ choice. Why would anyone want to keep doing the same puzzle _53_? They chose increasingly difficult-ones instead.Believing that success is
92、 about learning, children with a growth mindset seized the chance. But those with a fixed mindset didnt want to expose their _54_. This is how a fixed mindset makes people into _55_.41. A. fearB. driveC. competitionD. concentration42. A. crucialB. mentalC. ordinaryD. particular43. A. attentionB. eff
93、ortC. interestD. time44. A. confusingB. behavingC. punishingD. hurting45. A. get upB. give upC. show upD. shut up46. A. afraidB. ashamedC. confidentD. ignorant47. A. adorableB. curiousC. modestD. smart48. A. seizeB. ruinC. rejectD. require49. A. lessonB. choiceC. giftD. game50. A. challengingB. inte
94、restingC. newD. simple51. A. decisionsB. jigsawsC. mistakesD. predictions52. A. strangeB. promisingC. profitableD. difficult53. A. repeatedlyB. unwillinglyC. automaticallyD. properly54. A. secretsB. thoughtsC. preferencesD. weaknesses55. A. theoristsB. perfectionistsC. non-learnersD. risk-takers【答案】
95、41. B 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. A 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. A 54. D 55. C【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文章讲述了导致习得者和非习得者的区别的原因。总结了固定型思维导致了非习得者的形成。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人生来就有强烈的学习动力。A.fear恐惧；B.drive内驱力；C.competition竞争；D.concentration专心。由下一句“Babies rise to the learning challenge daily.”可知，婴儿每天都面临学习挑战，有挑
96、战就有动力，因此人们生来就有强烈的学习动力。故选B。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不仅是为了普通任务，而且为一生中最困难的任务，像走路和说话。A.crucial重要的；B.mental精神的；C.ordinary普通的；D.particular特别的。上下文出现连词“not just. but (also)”表示”不仅，而且”，表示并列关系，后半句提到了”最困难的事”，因此该题与”困难的”是同一范畴的词。故选C。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们从来不认为太难或不值得这么努力。A.attention注意力；B.effort努力；C.interest兴趣；D.time时间。根据
97、上文“Babies rise to the learning challenge daily. Not just for _2_tasks, but the most difficult ones of a lifetime, like leaning to walk and talk.”可知，婴儿生来就会学习，他们不会意识到这些任务是不是太难或者这些任务值不值得花费精力去完成。不选择time是因为该段落强调是婴儿学习挑战的行为，而没有突出时间这个概念，因此effort符合题意。故选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：婴儿不担心犯错误或伤害自己。A.confusing使困惑；B.beha
98、ving表现；C.punishing惩罚；D.hurting使受伤。首先根据or表并列可知，该题的动词是婴儿主动发出的而且结果是消极的，其次根据下文的“They walk, they fall,”的提示，婴儿学习走路，然后会跌倒，由跌倒可以联想到他们在学习的过程中可能会受伤，故选D。【45题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们走路，跌倒，站起来。A.get up起立；B.give up放弃；C.show up露面；D.shut up闭嘴。根据常识和该句子的顺承逻辑，婴儿走路、跌倒，然后再站起来。故选A。46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦孩子们能够评估自己，其中一些人就会害怕挑战。A.af
99、raid害怕的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.confident自信的；D.ignorant无知的。根据上文“What puts an end to this fearless learning? A fixed mindset. As soon as children become able to evaluate themselves”可知，孩子一开始是不害怕学习的， 但是这个过程被终结了，所以一些孩子开始害怕挑战。故选A。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们担心不够聪明。A.adorable可爱的；B.curious好奇的；C.modest谦虚的；D.smart聪明的。根据上文“
100、As soon as children become able to evaluate themselves”可推断，孩子开始评估自己，下一段“They believe smart kids dont make _11_.”提到把自己与聪明孩子做对比，因此他们担心自己不够聪明。故选D。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的研究团队已经研究了成千上万来自学龄前儿童的人，那么多的人拒绝学习的机会真是令人震惊。A.seize抓住；B.ruin毁灭；C.reject拒绝；D.require要求。根据上文“As soon as children become able to evaluate the
101、mselves, some of them become _6_ of challenges.”可推断，一些孩子开始害怕学习，因此拒绝学习的机会。故选C。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们提供给四岁的孩子一个选择：他们可以重新做一个简单的拼图，或者尝试一个更困难的拼图。A.lesson教训；B.choice选择；C.gift礼物；D.game游戏。根据下文“they could redo an easy jigsaw (拼图) or try a harder one.”可知，研究团队在实验过程中让孩子们做简单的或者困难的拼图任务，这是一个二选的选择。故选B。【50题详解】考查形容词词义
102、辨析。句意：即使在这么小的时候，有固定型思维模式的孩子们也会坚持保持简单的心态。A.challenging富有挑战性的；B.interesting有趣的；C.new新的；D.simple简单的。根据下一段文章内容“Children with a growth mindset, however, thought it was a _12_choice.”和“They chose increasingly difficult-ones instead.”可以推出，成长型思维模式的孩子会选择困难的拼图任务,因此固定型思维模式的孩子会选择相反的任务。故选D。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们认
103、为聪明的孩子不会犯错误。A.decisions决定；B.jigsaws拼图；C.mistakes错误；D.predictions预测。根据上文“A fixed mindset. As soon as children become able to evaluate themselves, some of them become _6_ of challenges. They worry about not being _7_.”以及下文“They chose increasingly difficult-ones instead.”可推断，固定型思维模式的孩子由于害怕自己犯错误而选择简单的任务
104、,所以他们会认为聪明的孩子不会像他们那样犯错误。故选C。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，有成长型思维的孩子们认为这是一个奇怪的选择。A.strange奇怪的；B.promising有希望的；C.profitable有益的；D.difficult困难的。根据下文的问句“Why would anyone want to keep doing the same puzzle _13_?”可推断，成长型思维的孩子会选择困难的任务,他们觉得为什么要重复做相同的任务,也就是说他们觉得没必要做简单的任务，所以对于为什么有这两种选择而感到奇怪。故选A。【53题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：为什么
105、有人想重复做同样的谜题。A.repeatedly重复地；B.unwillingly不情愿地；C.automatically自动地；D.properly恰当地。根据“keep doing the same puzzle”可知，这个任务是一直在做相同的事情，故选A。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是那些有固定型思维的人并不想暴露他们的缺点。A.secrets秘密；B.thoughts想法；C.preferences偏爱；D.weaknesses弱点。根据上文“children with a growth mindset seized the chance.”以及but表示转折可知，固定型思
106、维的孩子不愿抓住学习的机会,是因为他们害怕犯错，会显示出自己的不足。故选D。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是一个固定型思维的人如何成为非习得者的。A.theorists理论家；B.perfectionists完美主义者；C.non-learners非习得者；D.risk-takers风险承担者。根据第一段内容与第二 段首句“What on earth would make someone a non-learner?”可知，通篇文章讲述的是什么导致了习得者和非习得者的区别，文章最后一句总结了固定型思维导致了非习得者的形成。故选C。第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分
107、15 分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Katherine Johnson Dies at 101； Mathematician Broke Barriers at NASAThey asked Katherine Johnson for the moon, and she gave it to them._56_ (use) little more than a pencil, a slide rule and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country, Mrs. Johnson, who die
108、d at 101 on Monday, calculated the precise trajectories(轨道)that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and, after Neil Armstrongs history-making moonwalk, _57_(let) it return to Earth.Yet throughout Mrs. Johnsons 33 years in NASA and for _58_ (decade) afterward, almost no one knew her name.Mrs
109、. Johnson was one of several hundred strictly educated, extremely capable yet largely _59_ (mention) women who are well before the modern feminist movement. worked as NASA mathematicians. But _60_was not only her sex that kept her long marginalized and long unsung.For some years at midcentury, the b
110、lack women worked as computers” _61_ were subjected to a double segregation(隔离歧视):They_62_ (keep) separate from the much _63_(large) group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agencys male mathematicians and engineers.In old age. Mrs. Johnson became _64_ most celebrated of the small e
111、xcellent group of black women who at midcentury served_65_ mathematicians for the space agency. Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film Hidden Figures”, which was nominated for three Oscars, including Best Picture.【答案】56. using 57. let/would let 58. decades 59. unmentioned 60. it 61. who/tha
112、t 62. were kept 63. larger 64. the 65. as【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的著名的数学家凯瑟琳约翰逊【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：使用一个铅笔,计算尺和一个最好的数学头脑,约翰逊太太精确计算出轨迹,让1969年阿波罗11号登陆月球约翰逊夫人于周一去世，享年101岁。设空处在句中做非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的主动关系。故答案为using。【57题详解】考查动词。句意：在尼尔阿姆斯特朗历史性的月球行走之后，让它返回地球。设空处在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，句子的主语为the precise trajectories(轨道)，设空处与wo
113、uld let 并列，故答案为let/would let。【58题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，在约翰逊夫人在NASA工作的33年里以及之后的10年里，几乎没有人知道她的名字。设空处在句中为可数名词，设空处前无限定词修饰。此处应用复数形式，故答案为decades。【59题详解】考查形容词。句意：约翰逊夫人是现代女权运动之前几百位受过严格教育、极有能力却很少被提及的女性之一。曾是NASA的数学家。设空处后为名词，故设空出应用形容词形式。结合句意，此处表示很少被提到的。故答案为unmentioned。【60题详解】考查强调句。句意：但使她长期被边缘化、默默无闻的，并不仅仅是她的性别。强调句的结构：i
114、t+is/was+强调成分+that/who+其他。故答案为it。【61题详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：在20世纪中叶的几年里，黑人妇女充当“受到双重隔离的计算机”设空处引导定语从句且在句中做指人的主语。先行词为the black women。故答案为who/that。【62题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：她们被与数量多得多的白人女性隔离开来，而白人女性又被与该机构的男性数学家和工程师隔离开来。设空处在句中做谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故答案为were kept。【63题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意见上题解析。设空处后为名词，设空处应用形容词；much修
115、饰比较级，故设空处应用形容词的比较级。故答案为larger。【64题详解】考查介词。句意：在晚年。约翰逊夫人是本世纪中叶为数不多的优秀黑人女性中最著名的一位，她们在太空总署担任数学家。设空处后为最高级，故设空处应用定冠词the,故答案为the。【65题详解】考查介词。句意见上题解析。固定短语“serve as”充当；结合句意。故答案为as。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分）66. 假定你是李华，你班外教 Smith 先生即将回国。为感谢他在过去一年中所给予的帮助， 你班将举行一次告别班会。请代表班级写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1 表示道别；2. 感谢帮助；3. 表达
116、祝愿。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】One Possible Version:Dear Mr. Smith, I feel greatly honored to be here and extend our heartfelt respect and thanks to you on behalf of my fellow students. How I wish that you could continue to be with us. In the past year, we have benefited much from your wonde
117、rful work. Well always cherish the wise guidance and the encouraging smiles you offered when we were discouraged. Meanwhile, your selflessness, optimism and kindness will be engraved in our memory and inspire us forward. Thank you again. Wish you a pleasant journey home and all the best for the futu
118、re.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表班级写一篇发言稿，感谢外教Smith在过去一年中所给予的帮助。【详解】1.词汇积累感谢：appreciationthanks鼓励的：inspiringencouraging提供：provideoffer愉快的：enjoyablepleasant2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：In the past year, we have benefited much from your wonderful work.拓展句：In the past year, you did wonderful work, from which we have be
119、nefited much.【点睛】高分句型1 How I wish that you could continue to be with us. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)高分句型2 Well always cherish the wise guidance and the encouraging smiles you offered when we were discouraged. (you offered为省略关系词的定语从句；运用了when引导的时间状语从句)第二节：读后续写（满分 25 分）67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。The day my
120、 dad gave me a BB gun was my twelfth birthday, and I almost couldnt help jumping up and down when I saw what it was.With a smile he led me outside and showed me how to shoot first loading the gun, pumping it a few times, aiming, and finally, firing. Before handing the gun to me, he said seriously, “
121、I dont ever want to see you killing anything. Thats not the reason why I bought you this gun.” I thought he was afraid that Id learn what real power felt like. Anyway, it was okay with me because I figured Id find many other targets.“Hey, Mike.” I yelled to my friend upon making one of my greatest d
122、iscoveries. “Check this out.” I aimed at the top of the telephone pole. “Whatre you doing?” he asked. I fired, and the BB hit the top of the pole, causing a loud “DING” to ring out. “Cool, ” Mike said. I smiled like a king a smile that grew even wider when Mike couldnt hit the same target. The good
123、thing was that no matter how many times you shot those things they never broke. Then again, maybe that was why it got boring.A few months later, I found myself walking down the street, gun in hand, searching for new targets. I stopped by a telephone pole, popping off a few shots with nothing better
124、to do. Suddenly, a bird swooped (俯冲) down and landed on the wire. It cooed and walked slowly, completely unaware of my watchful eye. Here I was, a bored kid, holding a BB gun, and a bird standing right there in front of meand no one around to tell my dad. It was so perfect. I figured it was a sign f
125、rom God. I aimed straight at the bird, held my breath, and squeezed slowly upon the trigger (扳机). But I hesitated. I was about to shoot a bird, feeling at one moment uneasy, at another excited. The exciting part won. I fired.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1：The bird droppe
126、d like a rock, one wing flopping behind as it fell._Paragraph 2：When my dad got home that evening, he asked me how my day was._【答案】Paragraph 1：The bird dropped like a rock, one wing flopping behind as it fell. I heard it thump into the dirt. Before lowering the gun, I realised what Id doneId killed
127、my first animal. “Oh no！” My stomach was tied in knots and I prayed, “Oh God, please dont let it be dead.” The bird lay there with blood streaming from its beak, feathers large and small scattered about. I reached out and rolled it over, but its head drooped lifelessly to the side. After burying it,
128、 I hurried home, hiding my BB gun in the closet.Paragraph 2：When my dad got home that evening, he asked me how my day was. I hesitated, and was momentarily uneasy that guilt crossed my face. My dad, a man of keen perception, quickly went into confrontation mode, asking what really happened. I replie
129、d, as if I had to choke the words out of my throat, tears streaming down my face. He didnt say anything but just looked at me, hand resting on my shoulder. That evening, my dad made me vow to never kill a thing again, explaining that once I got bored of animals, the next target could be something ev
130、en more priceless.【解析】【分析】通过所给文章，作者从父亲那里收到一把气枪作为12岁生日礼物，父亲再三叮嘱作者不要用它射杀任何有生命的东西，可作者最终还是没能控制住自己射杀了一只鸟儿。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“那只鸟像一块石头似的掉了下来，一只翅膀扑通一声落在后面。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到自己射杀了鸟儿之后的心理活动。由第二段首句内容“那天晚上，爸爸回到家，问我今天过得怎么样。”可知，第二段可描写作者对父亲坦白了自己的所作所为之后，父亲的反应以及作者的反思。2.续写线索：鸟儿掉落发现死亡不安回家坦白安慰教导忏悔3.词汇激活行为类意识到：realise/be
131、aware of翻转：roll over/flip发生：happen/come about情绪类不安：uneasy/unstable厌倦：get bored of/be tired of【点睛】高分句型1 My dad, a man of keen perception, quickly went into confrontation mode, asking what really happened.（what引导的宾语从句）高分句型2 I replied, as if I had to choke the words out of my throat, tears streaming down my face.（as if引导的方式状语从句）
