1、定时训练(15)专题特训(阅读理解主旨大意) 体裁：说明文话题：生态旅游时间：6分钟Ecotourism is a combination of ecology(the study of systems of living things) and tourism.The International Ecotourism Society defines ecotourism as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the wellbeing of the local p
2、eople.”Actually，ecotourism can mean travel to faroff places of great natural beauty，but not always in a responsible way.Its big business，and the attraction of money can cause people to think about profits first.While ecotourism offers benefits for people and ecosystems，it leaves ecosystems open to n
3、egative effects，too.Costa Rica，once a Spanish colony，and independent since 1821，has an ecotourism industry worth over one billion dollars yearly，and thousands of jobs have been created.Nearly 21 percent of the land is now protected national parks，largely thanks to ecotourism.Nonetheless，due to the n
4、umber of people visiting the countrys natural places，some damage to the ecosystem has occurred.While tourists can have a negative influence on ecosystems，the same areas might have been totally destroyed by industries such as farming，logging，or mining were there no ecotourism industry.Instead，nature
5、reserves have been created，keeping the ecosystem protected.And，by visiting beautiful rainforests and seeing rare animals，visitors get a sense of their value，and of gratitude for them.Tour guides can also be educators who train people to love and care for the environment.Visitors can take these lesso
6、ns with them to their home countries.Unfortunately，while their effect may not be noticeable in the offseason，the constant procession of visitors in the high season can be damaging.At one national park in Costa Rica，wild monkeys now feed on garbage left by the tourists.Furthermore，ecotourists tend to
7、 seek out places with the rarest animals and plants，pressuring the most delicate living things.Controlling random development isnt easy.Corruption can lead officials to stand ecological damage.For example，a large resort facility，normally not allowed near a reserve，may be allowed if the company pays
8、enough money to certain people in the government.Limited resources are another issue.Areas of forests and beaches that would require an army to protect are often watched by several employees.It is easy to be critical of the ecotourism industry but it is important to be positive as well.Ecotourism ca
9、n never be“pure.”We cant expect zero negative effects on the ecosystem.It is also unrealistic to think that humans wont go anywhere accessible to them.If protection efforts are maintained and strengthened，those remaining places of undisturbed nature may be stressed，but they wont be destroyed.【语篇导读】本
10、文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了生态旅游的定义和好处以及它所带来的负面效应。1The main purpose of the passage is to _Acall for creating more ecotourismrelated jobs for peopleBintroduce ecotourism as a way of protecting natural placesCargue against ecotourism as a damaging trend that must be stoppedDstress that ecotourism benefits ecosystems
11、 on the whole despite its damage解析主旨大意题。文章既涉及到生态旅游所带来的巨大效益好处，也交代了它同时产生的一些负面效应，从文章的最后一段“but it is important to be positive as well”可看出作者更强调前者。故选D。答案D2Which change has occurred in Costa Rica since the introduction of ecotourism?ANational parks have been set up thanks to ecotourism.BCosta Rica became i
12、ndependent from Spain.CWild monkeys suffered a lot from feeding on garbage.DMany areas have been destroyed by developing ecotourism.解析细节理解题。从文章第二段“Nearly 21 percent of the land is now protected national parks，largely thanks to ecotourism”得出答案为A。答案A3It can be learned from Paragraph 5 that _Aofficials
13、 work hard to control random developmentBofficials are not tough enough with ecological protectionCthere is no enough money available to build resortsDlocal officials paid great attention to illegal activities解析推理判断题。从第五段 “Corruption can lead officials to stand ecological damage”得出政府对生态保护不够雷厉风行，导致了有
14、贿赂腐败事情存在。故选B。答案B4Why does the author think it is easy to be critical of the ecotourism industry?ABecause wildlife is very easy to protect.BBecause it is easy to remove the negative effects of ecotourism.CBecause ecotourism is not as profitable as it should be.DBecause it takes advantage of nature fo
15、r profit.解析细节理解题。从第四段“wild monkeys now feed on garbage left by the tourists”可排除A，从第五段中“Controlling random development isnt easy”可排除B，正是因为有巨大利益可图，在第五段中“may be allowed if the company pays enough money to certain people in the government”故可排除C，选D，利用自然寻求利益。答案D5What is the writers attitude towards ecotou
16、rism?AConcerned. BSubjective.CRealistic. DUnfavorable.解析推理判断题。从最后一段“but it is important to be positive as well”和“Ecotourism can never be pureWe cant expect zero negative effects on the ecosystem”故可推断出作者态度是现实的，选C。答案C 体裁：记叙文话题：生活经历时间：10分钟The event that stands out in my memory happened one morning in 1
17、983 when I was 14 years old.I was at home with my mother，getting ready for the afternoon session of school.I was doing my homework when I heard raised voices.At first I thought nothing of itcustomers in the motorcycle shop directly below us often became unruly and loud，but I soon realized this was d
18、ifferent.“Quick！Remove the motorcycles from the shop，”someone yelled.Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When I opened the front door of our flat to investigate，a thick cloud of smoke，billowing up from the ground floor，greeted me.The motorcycle shop had caught fire.My mum，who had been working
19、in the kitchen，hurried to the living room.We rushed out of the door and along the corridor through the smoke.We were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Mum stopped in her tracks.She turned around and headed back the way we came.I had no idea what she was doing，but I fol
20、lowed suit.Mum had suddenly remembered the Korean lady in her 70s who lived next door to us，who we called Makcik.Mum began banging on Makciks door，but to no avail.As the smoke thickened around us，I could see many of our neighborssome still in their pyjamasrunning for safety.“She would have run for s
21、afety like everyone else！”I cried.Mum refused to give up.“I know Makciks still inside，”she said as she pounded the door.“Go downstairs，Shaji.Go now！”However，frozen with fear，I stood rooted to the spot.By then，both of us were coughing and our eyes were stinging.Time seemed to stand still，though we we
22、re probably there for only two or three minutes.Just as I was beginning to suffocate(窒息)，the door opened.Makcik stood there，totally confused.Mum was rightshe had been unaware of what was happening.Grabbing her hand，Mum led Makcik downstairs and outside to a safe spot where people had gathered to wit
23、ness the fire.The firemen had just arrived and set about fighting the blaze，which was reaching up to the two floors above the motorcycle shop.Comprehending the gravity of the situation，Makcik broke down.Holding my mothers hands tightly，and with tears flowing down her cheeks，she spoke to Mum.I could
24、not hear what she said，but there was no mistaking her gratitude.I learned later that Makcik was sleeping when the fire broke out.I dread to think what would have happened if Mum had not turned back for her.Soon the firemen put out the billowing flames.There were no deaths or injuries，though the moto
25、rcycle shop was completely destroyed.Although the fire had damaged our corridor badly，it was put out before it could spread into our flat.Our home had been saved，though everything was covered in soot(黑灰) and an awful smell hung in the air.And，sadly，my pet lovebirds were dead.I felt terrible for not
26、saving them in my haste.However，the thought of Mums courageous act in saving a human life brought great relief.Years later，I asked Mum about this incident.She said she was familiar with Makciks daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping。When I asked if she was scared，Mum replied：“When
27、 a loved one is in danger，the thought of fear never crosses the mind.”During my school days，whenever I wrote an essay about courageous deeds，I always focused on soldiers risking their lives to save others.It never occurred to me to write about my mum who had，in her determined way，saved our elderly n
28、eighbor.Today I know better.Maria Thomas，a timid and modest lady，someone who would not be mistaken for a superhero，had turned out to be my real hero.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了1983年楼下火灾，母亲冒着生命危险救了邻居，成为作者心目中的英雄。6It can be inferred from the passage that _Afirefighters broke in and saved Makcik from the fireB
29、Makcik ran for safety like everyone else after the fire broke outCMakcik survived the fire owing to my mums timely rescueDpeople headed back to Makciks flat at the request of my mother解析推理判断题。是母亲救了Makcik可排除A，发生火灾时Makcik正在睡觉可排除B，其他人都只顾自己逃命，故可排除D，是母亲及时救了Makcik，故选C。答案C7Receiving no response from Makcik
30、，Mum still refused to leave because _Ashe didnt realize that the fire was quickly surrounding herBshe was sure that Makcik must be sleeping at that timeCshe was convinced that Makcik must be too scared to moveDshe was informed that Makcik was in desperate need of help解析细节理解题。从文章第9段“I know Makciks st
31、ill inside”和倒数第二段中“She said she was familiar with Makciks daily routine and was certain she would still sleeping”得出B。答案B8What made Makcik break down after she reached a safe spot?AThe big fire was spreading rapidly.BPeoples terrible screams shocked her.CMums sudden appearance moved her deeply.DThe s
32、erious situation made her confused.解析推理判断题。从倒数第7段“Comprehending the gravity of the situation，Makcik broke down”说明Makcik那个时候意识到火势严重，故选A。答案A9Which of the following best explains the sentence “When a loved one is in danger，the thought of fear never crosses the mind.”？ALove makes all hard hearts gentle.
33、BLove warms more than a thousand fires.CLove is never paid but with true love.DLove fears no danger.解析推理判断题。从文中母亲为救邻居不顾自己的安危，正可以说明爱无所畏惧，故选D。答案D10The writer mentions the soldiers and Mum in the last paragraph to _Ahighlight Mums courage and determination by making comparisonsBshow respect for firemen
34、s courageous deeds by providing explanationsCconvey Mums influence on my attitude to danger by offering analysesDemphasize the neighbors gratitude to Mum by giving examples解析推理判断题。从最后一段“soldiers risking their life to save others.”“my mom who had，in her determined way，saved our elderly neighbor.”，通过对
35、比，高度赞扬了母亲的勇气和决心，故选A。答案A11Which of the following is the best title for the passage?AMy Neighbor：A Narrow EscapeBThe Firefighting：A Thrilling StoryCMy Mother：The SuperheroDThe Fire：An Unforgettable Experience解析主旨大意题。文章主人公是母亲，通过救人的事情，成为我心中的英雄，故选C。答案C 体裁：记叙文话题：社会热点时间：6分钟Recently，a student used his Perso
36、nal Digital Assistant(PDA) to film a female teacher scolding a classmate and tearing his work.The public discussion that the incident caused started on the Internet.However，when it came to the medias attention，it quickly became a major topic in the education circles.The reactions so far suggest that
37、 the focus of the debate has been on one question: who is to blame?Teachers who are anxious to defend their professional dignity have tried to put the blame on the student.They mention their right to privacy(隐私) and for this reason they request the Ministry of Education(MOE) to prohibit PDAs in scho
38、ols.On the other hand，some parents and students have taken a different position.They feel that the teacher is also at fault.Caught up in the war of words between both sides，people are no longer interested in the “truth” of the matter which seems now unimportant.It is left to newspapers to discover t
39、he central point of the controversial issue，by stressing the problems that are not always easily noticed in our educational system.For those responsible for educating the young，this PDA incident conveys the message that “Times have changed”，a reality that must have been felt even more strongly by th
40、e female teacher when reflecting on this unpleasant experience.Different times call for different professional approaches in education.The ability to understand the students they are teaching has always been the quality of successful teachers.Despite some factors，the incident shows that the teacher
41、lacks good qualities on her part.Besides，the rules under the current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved.Also，it is an example which shows the issue we are familiar with: what to do with new technology? With PDAs，the new technology，the interaction(交流) between teachers and s
42、tudents in the classroom has been changed.【语篇导读】学生用PDA记录了老师的不良行为引发了一系列的辩论，是老师，还是学生应该受到责备？12The authors purpose in writing this passage is to_Aimprove the teachers way of teachingBstress the use of PDAs in the classroomCchange the students behavior in the classroomDdiscuss the potential problems of t
43、he educational system解析写作意图题。通读全文，由关于老师行为的辩论，到人们对教育模式的讨论可知，D项“讨论教育体制潜在的问题”正确。答案D13The underlined word “recalcitrant” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_”Adifficult to controlBinterested in nothingCunwilling to learnDready to obey rules解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“the rules under the current system to deal with rec
44、alcitrant students need to be improved”可知，在目前的教育体制下处理难以控制的学生的规则需要改善，再结合上文学生用PDA拍摄老师责骂学生的行为并传到网上的事例可知A项正确。答案A14The writers attitude toward the PDA incident is _Aoptimistic BcriticalCuncertain Dapproval解析作者态度题。根据最后一段中作者提出的“不同的时代需要不同的教育方法，成功的老师要有理解所教学生的能力。尽管还有诸多因素，但该事件反映了老师缺乏良好的素质”可知作者对这一事件持批判的态度。所以B项正确。答案B15What might be the best title for the passage?AWho is to blame?BThe PDA incidentCTimes have changedDWhat to do with new technology?解析主旨大意题。文章主要讨论了当前教育体制中存在的不合理之处，再结合第一段末尾提到的“who is to blame”可知，A项正确。答案A
