1、译林高中英语选择性必修四Unit 2 课后培优练(Reading)【Part A】 基础知识练习一、 英汉互译1. 以直截了当的方式2. 赞成，同意某事3. 深入探讨，深入调查4. 作为回应5. move on6. 从某人的角度7. 获得尊重8. put yourself in sbs shoes 9. 调整自己的语气10. 面对面11. refer to 12. 是.的说明;(数量上)占 13. 使某人参与.14. 在两方面努力【答案】1. in a straightforward manner3. look a little deeper into5. 继续前进；换话题；开始做(别的事)7
2、. gain respect9. make adjustments to your own tone 11. 提起，谈及；参考13. engage sb. in 2. approve of sth.4. in response (to)6. from ones perspective8. 处于某人的境地，设身处地10. face to face12. account for sth14. make efforts in two aspect二、 根据提示填写正确形式的词汇1. He (对折) his newspaper and handed it to me.2. He said the pr
3、oposals would have to (批准) by the engineering department.3. I hope this statement has helped to (阐明) a few points.4. Mywas a, but at home with the family he was alwaysandg .5. Unfortunately, many companies are only concerned about short-term (利益).6. Dwight Silverman can receive electronic (邮件) via t
4、he Internet.7. Though the country is poor, the doctors and nurses are qualified and c .8. It is a difficult job and they should be paid (相应地).9. Someone in another car started making (手势) and pointing at our tires.10. The new networking system is fairly s - you shouldnt have any problems.11. The pur
5、pose of the audit is to identify a problem and to o (获得) objective data for analysis.12. You have my deepest s , and my thoughts are with you.13. It is difficult to know (准确地) how much impact the changes will have.14. She wore a black (西装) for the interview.15. Ned (作出反应)angrily to Bills.16. Speakin
6、g generally, the space (企业) has served astronomy well.17. Every Friday, Mr James would hand out the students essays and give them some f .18. Meanwhile, despite the presence of Alan, Rich Brooks is still trying to (谈判) privately with Jody.19. It would not be long before exhaustion and a lack of priv
7、acy erupted in painful (争执, 摩擦).20. “You must be Annie, ”he said in a friendly t .【答案】1. folded2. be approved3. clarify4. gentle5. gains6. mail7. competent8. accordingly9. gestures10. straightforward 11. obtain12. sympathy13. precisely14. suit15. reacted16. enterprise17. feedback18. negotiate19. fri
8、ction20. tone三、 单句语法填空1. Planning a wedding reception for over 1000 guests will be very (challenge).2. We didnt realize complex the situation was.3. The president has already given his (approve) to the plan.4. Customers want companies that are attentive their needs.5. The man was standing by the doo
9、r, with his arms (cross).6. Gradually the band became more (knowledge) about the business dealings in the music industry.7. His refusal to talk to the media is but the latest example of his (interest) in assuming any leadership responsibilities.8. The girl looked at the boy with a (confuse) expressi
10、on, without saying anything.9. His refusal to work late was interpreted a lack of commitment to the company.10. Giving examples is a commonly (use) technique to introduce a topic in a lecture.11. The (negotiate) with the company had reached a crucial stage.12. Peoplereacted thein different ways.13.
11、Amy received a warm welcome when (return) to the village last week.14. We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen (two) as much as we speak.15. You must wear something (suit) - preferably black.【答案】1. challenging【解析】形容词作表语，表明主语“Planning a wedding reception over 1000 guests”是“具有挑战性的”。2. how
12、 【解析】how+adj.引导宾语从句。3. approval【解析】his为形容性物主代词，后接名词。4. to 【解析】be attentive to 意为“对.关心的，对.关注的”5. crossed【解析】with的复合结构，后面动词要用非谓语形式，his arms与cross之间是被动关系，所以填过去分词形式。6. knowledgeable【解析】跟在系动词became后作表语，填形容词形式。7. disinterest【解析】根据句意“他拒绝接受媒体采访，这只是他不愿承担任何领导责任的最新例证”，可知填interest的反义词。8. confused【解析】修饰与人相关的事物，如
13、表情，外貌，声音等用-ed结尾的形容词。9. as 【解析】be interpreted as 意为“被理解为”。10. used【解析】过去分词作定语。与被修饰词之间构成被动关系。11. negotiations【解析】句子缺主语，故填名词形式。12. to 【解析】react to 意为“对.作出反映”。13. returning【解析】状语从句的省略用法。省略后变成“连接词+非谓语动词”形式。非谓语动作与逻辑主语构成主动关系，所以填现在分词形式。14. twice【解析】twice as much as.是比较结构，表示“是.的两倍”，故填twice。15. suitable【解析】修饰
14、前面的复合不定代词，故填形容词形式。四、 选择短语填空account for; as to; in response; refer to; function as; move on; engage in; approve of1. Industryleaderswantscientiststo fundamentalresearch.2. We then to consider in detail two studies of the demand for sport that have been carried out in Britain.3. A library is a tempora
15、ry hospital to cope with the casualties(伤员).4. In theof 1995, 58 %with 57 % in 1994.5. He gave the speech without his notes.6. Do you doctors using(胚胎)for?7. Frank was very uncertain whether it was the right job for him.8. to local, we will be opening thisfrom nineseven on Sundays.【答案】1. engage in参加
16、，参与2. move on (结束某时候)改做别事3. functioning as 充当4. accounted for(数量、比例)占5. referring to 参考6. approve of 赞成7. as to 至于，关于8. in response 回应，应对五、 课文语法填空Communication is the process of exchanging information between a sender and a receiver. This communication process can be challenging but, with practice a
17、nd patience,you can become a highly competent 1. (communicate). To accomplish this, you need to know with 2. you are communicating.Depending on whether you are communicating with a stranger, friend, family member or co-worker, you will need to decide which communication channel best suits the situat
18、ion.Furthermore,you 3. (need)to determine the appropriate style to use and how complex your choice of words should be.Your body language is 4. (equal)important.A smile shows you are attentive to the issue you are discussing, while looking away with your arms 5. (fold)can indicate disinterest and cre
19、ate distrust or cause friction. Additionally, you should not ignore the other persons body language, which will give you clues as to 6. the conversation is going well or not.Whats more,we should attach importance 7. the value of empathy. Seek to understand the other persons emotions,by putting 8. (y
20、ou) in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective.Effective communication will enable you 9. (settle) differences and disagreements appropriately and improve your interactions with others.Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain other peoples respect, 10
21、. (allow)relationships to become more positive and productive.【答案】1. communicator【解析】考查名词。此处意为“一个杰出的沟通者”，故填communicator。2. whom【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。此处引导词在从句中作介词后的宾语，所以填whom。3. will need【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。根据前文., you will need to decide which.可知，此处时态保持一致，用一般将来时，故填will need。4. equally【解析】考查副词。此处修饰形容词important,故填eq
22、ually。5. folded【解析】考查非谓语动词。with的复合结构，后面动词要用非谓语形式，your arms与fold之间是被动关系，所以填过去分词形式folded。6. whether【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。此处表示“是否”的含义，故填whether。7. to【解析】考查介词。attach importance to为固定搭配，表示“重视.”。8. yourself【解析】考查代词。put yourself in sbs shoes意为“设身处地”。9. to settle【解析】考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”。10. all
23、owing【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，allow和逻辑主语是主动关系，故填现在分词形式。六、 写出单词在各句中的中文意思1. react(1) Local residents have reacted angrily to the news.(2) Someone allergic(过敏的) to milk is likely to react to cheese.(3) Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust(铁锈).【答案】(1) (v.)（对）作出反应；回应(2) (v.)产生不良反应;过敏(3) (v.)起化学反应；发
24、生化学变化2. suit(1) The restaurant seemed to be filled with men in grey suits.(2) The bank said it discovered the wrongdoing last May and later filed suit against him.(3) Efforts to persuade the remainder to follow suit have continued.(4) The weather here suits me fine.(5) They found us a house close to
25、 the, whichsuitedus very well.(6) That dress would reallysuitAnnie.(7) He can suit his conversation to whoever hes with.【答案】(1) (n.)西装(2) (n.)诉讼，讼案(3) (n.)follow suit跟着做，仿效(4) (vt.)适合，适宜(5) (vt.)满足（某人）需要；合（某人）心意 (6) (vt.)(尤指服装、颜色等) 相配；合身 (7) (vt.) suit sth. to sth./sb. 使适合（或适应）某事物（或人） 七、 根据括号内的提示补全句
26、子1. 当从陌生人嘴里说出来时，他们起着引起注意的作用。(教材原句回译)When , they can 2. 我们交流的很多内容不仅取决于我们使用的词语，还取决于我们如何使用它们。(教材原句回译)Much of is dependent 3. 记住，你最好比约定的时间早十分钟到那里。 4. 如果你能站在我的立场上帮我想想我应该怎样处理这件事情，我将感激不尽。Id really appreciate it and tell me 5. 我们将不得不认真考虑此事了。(consideration) 6. 一项调查表明，人们对该吃什么才能保持健康这个问题感到困惑。(confused)A survey
27、showed people 7. 你能解释下你那天晚上的表现吗？(account) 8. 我会就这个问题直接和他们谈判。(negotiate) 9. 误解使这对年轻夫妇之间摩擦不断。(friction) 10. 我父母不赞成我独自旅游的计划。(approve) 【答案】参考译文1. 当从陌生人嘴里说出来时，他们起着引起注意的作用。(教材原句回译)When spoken by a stranger, they can function as a means of attracting your attention.2. 我们交流的很多内容不仅取决于我们使用的词语，还取决于我们如何使用它们。(教材
28、原句回译)Much of what we communicate is dependent not only on the words we use, but also on how we use them. 3. 记住，你最好比约定的时间早十分钟到那里。Keep in mind that youd better arrive there 10 minutes before the appointed time.4. 如果你能站在我的立场上帮我想想我应该怎样处理这件事情，我将感激不尽。Id really appreciate it if you could put yourself in my
29、 shoes and tell me how I can deal with this situation.5. 我们将不得不认真考虑此事了。(consideration)Well have to give serious consideration to this matter.6. 一项调查表明，人们对该吃什么才能保持健康这个问题感到困惑。(confused)A survey showed people were confused about what they should eat to stay healthy.7. 你能解释下你那天晚上的表现吗？(account)Can you ac
30、count for your behavior on that night?8. 我会就这个问题直接和他们谈判。(negotiate)Ill negotiate directly with them about the issue.9. 误解使这对年轻夫妇之间摩擦不断。(friction)Misunderstandings caused constant friction between the young couple.10. 我父母不赞成我独自旅游的计划。(approve)My parents dont approve of my plan to travel alone.【Part B】
31、 技能提升练习一、 阅读理解（2021江西南城一中高二月考）As we all know, any countries have their own languages. Even people speaking the same language have distinct dialects that are rooted in their history and culture, so whether you say soda or pop may reveal what country and what region you are from. What you call the nig
32、ht before Halloween may tie to your religious beliefs. What kind of slang (俚语) you use may come from the customs of the community you grew up in. Languages also show connections between us and our natural environments. Plants and animals that are given names in any language are generally those that
33、are relevant to people speaking the language. The relevance comes from the way that the people have interacted (交互) with the animals and plants, in some cases over centuries.While we might think of languages as having a stereotyped set of words and rules that we learn in school, in fact languages ar
34、e always developing. New words appear while others fall out of use and pronunciation changes over time as does the meaning of words. People also borrow words from other languages to complement(补充) their own vocabulary.Our ability to learn languages develops when we are young. Sounds heard as babies,
35、 or even in the womb(子宫), set the stage for language learning later. Baby cooing(喔啊声) is the result of babies analysis of the languages spoken to them. Babies are practicing the pronunciation and recognition of sounds that they need for communication. Children exposed to different languages early in
36、 life and growing up with various kinds of languages around them always develop better cognitive (认知的)functions, such as the ability to focus and ignore distractions(使人分心的事). Languages are as diverse as the communities that speak them and each of the about 7,000 world languages is a piece of evidenc
37、e of a communitys unique human experience. Yet, many languages around the world are endangered and as many as half of the worlds languages could go silent by the end of this century. The reasons are that the speakers always receive social inequalities and disrespect from others and thus so do their
38、language.1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?A. Languages are influenced by our habits.B. Religion plays a key role in languages.C. Languages reveal who we are as humans.D. Languages vary from country to country.2. What does the underlined word stereotyped probably mean?A. New.B. Fixed.C. Changi
39、ng.D. Complete.3. What can we know from the passage?A. Babies enjoy themselves by cooing.B. We begin to learn languages before we were born.C. Babies learn the pronunciation and sounds quickly.D. Children benefit a lot from early exposure to languages.4. Why will many languages in the world go silen
40、t?A. They are not worth speaking from now on.B. The official languages are always respected.C. The speakers choose to speak popular languages.D. The speakers social positions change for the worse.【答案】CBDD【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言和人类发展的关系。1. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“As we all know, any countries have their own langua
41、ges.What kind of slang (俚语) you use may come from the customs of the community you grew up in.（我们都知道，任何国家都有自己的语言。即使说同一种语言的人也有根植于他们的历史和文化的独特方言，所以你说的是“汽水”还是“汽水”可能揭示了你来自哪个国家和地区。你所谓的万圣节前夜可能和你的宗教信仰有关。你使用什么样的俚语可能来自你成长的社区的风俗习惯。）可知，第一段主要讲述了语言揭示了我们作为人类的本质。故选C。2. 词句猜测题。While意为“尽管“，前后文为转折关系，结合下文“ in fact langu
42、ages are always developing（事实上，语言总是在不断发展的）”可推知，“a stereotyped set of words and rules”意为“一套固定的词汇和规则”。stereotyped意为“固定的”。故选B。3. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Children exposed to different languages early in life and growing up with various kinds of languages around them always develop better cognitive functions, such
43、 as the ability to focus and ignore distractions.（儿童从小接触不同的语言，并在各种语言的环境下成长，总能发展出更好的认知功能，比如集中注意力和忽略干扰的能力。）可知，儿童从早期接触语言中获益良多。故选D。4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The reasons are that the speakers always receive social inequalities and disrespect from others and thus so do their language.（原因是说话的人总是受到社会的不平等和他人的不尊重，他们的
44、语言也是如此。）”可知，演讲者的社会地位变差了。故选D。二、 完形填空（2021陕西宝鸡市模拟）How people stay connected before the invention of text messaging? That makes it easy to send a note to a friend. And before there were telephones in every home that could _1_ you immediately with a loved one, there were letters. Sure, you might _2_ to
45、wait a few days or weeks for the postman to _3_ it, but the special feeling it contained made it worth the _4_. Although a letter offers no _5_ joy, handwritten correspondence (通信) was always highly _6_ and favored. A letter could be read _7_ so that one could enjoy that special moment over and over
46、 again. In the face of worry over the coronavirus pandemic and all the _8_ it has placed on New Yorkers, a Brooklyn based performance artist and English professor Brandon Woolf came up with the idea of reviving (复兴) the letterwriting _9_ as a means to reach out and _10_ one another. Knowing that peo
47、ple have lost loved ones, jobs and businesses, and _11_ simple pleasures like hugs from a friend, Woolf began to think about how to help people make _12_ connections. His _13_ was to take a page from history. “When interpersonal connection is _14_ during the hard times, what are other ways where we
48、can be _15_？” Woolf wondered. “What is a better experience than _16_ a piece of mail in your mailbox from somebody you didnt expect to hear from？”Using a portable _17_ and seated on a folding chair alongside a mailbox, he put a sign says, “Free Letters for Friends Feeling Blue.” Woolf spent several
49、hours, a few days a week for four weeks, typing letters for his Park Slope, Brooklyn _18_.The 37yearold New York University teacher called his street _19_ “The Console”short for consolation(慰问). He _20_ the neighbors and those hearing from them could feel the warmth.1A.fill BequipCcompareDconnect2A.
50、need Bwant Cdream Dpretend3A.design BreadCwriteDdeliver4A.wait Bpurchase Cexchange Dwork5A.bitter Bpermanent Cinstant Dreal6A.corrected Bexpected Cwasted Dprocessed7A.silently Beasily Crepeatedly Dloudly8A.order Bstress Cimportance Dattention9A.tradition Bhobby Cproject Dtrouble10A.rescue Bcomfort C
51、trust Dpraise11A.tested outBtook onCgiven upDturned to12A.regretful BdangerousCshameful Dmeaningful13A.doubtBanswerCroutine Dreason14A.legalBuselessCrandomDrisky15A.out BawayCtogether Dapart16A.receivingBborrowingCremoving Dprotecting17A.platform BsuitcaseCnotebookDtypewriter18A.patients Bvolunteers
52、CneighborsDsupporters19A.artwork BperformanceCappealDtheory20A.hopedBworriedCpromised Dforgot【答案】DADACBCBABCDBDCADCBA【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了在没有发明短信之前，人们是如何通过信件联系的。并讲述了伍尔夫在街上设立了便捷信箱给心情忧郁的人，让每个人都能感觉到温暖和爱。1D【解析】句意：在家家户户都有电话可以立即联系到你所爱的人之前，只有信件。 根据“there were letters”可知，靠信件与所爱之人联系。2A【解析】句意：当然，你可能需要等上几天或几周的时间
53、，邮递员才会把它送来，但它所包含的特殊感觉让你值得等待。 根据“wait a few days or weeks”可知，写信联系可能会需要等待几天或者几周的时间。3D【解析】根据“the postman”可知，信件由邮递员来递送。 4A【解析】根据上文“to wait a few days or weeks for the postman”可知，此处是信息词wait的词汇复现。5C【解析】句意：虽然写信不会带来即时的乐趣，但手写的信件总是备受期待和青睐。 根据“wait a few days or weeks”可知，写信不会带来即时的快乐。6B【解析】根据“but the special fe
54、eling it contained made it worth the _4_”可知，手写的信件是备受期待的。 7C【解析】句意：一封信可以被反复阅读，这样一个人就可以一遍又一遍地享受那特殊的时刻。根据“over and over again.”可知，一封信可以被反复阅读。 8B【解析】句意：面对新冠肺炎大流行给纽约人带来的担忧和压力，布鲁克林的行为艺术家、英语教授布兰登伍尔夫(Brandon Woolf)想出了一个主意，复兴写信的传统，把它作为一种联系和安慰彼此的方式。 根据“In the face of worry over the coronavirus pandemic”可知，新冠肺
55、炎大流行给纽约人带来的担忧和压力。 9A【解析】根据“came up with the idea of reviving(复兴)the letterwriting”可知，写信是一种传统的联系方式。 10B【解析】根据“as a means to reach out”可知，通过写信的方式安慰彼此。 11C【解析】句意：得知人们失去了亲人、工作和生意，放弃了简单的快乐，比如朋友的拥抱，伍尔夫开始思考如何帮助人们建立有意义的联系。 根据“Knowing that people have lost loved ones, jobs and businesses”可知，由于病毒的流行，人们放弃了简单的快
56、乐。 12D【解析】根据“Woolf began to think about how to help people”可知，伍尔夫开始思考如何帮助人们建立有意义的联系。 13B【解析】句意：伍尔夫想：“在困难时期，当人际关系变得危险时，还有什么其他方式可以让我们在一起？” 根据“think about how to help people make _12_ connections.”可知，此处表示找到了答案。 14D【解析】根据“during the hard times”可知，疫情期间人际关系变得危险。 15C【解析】根据“When interpersonal connection is
57、_14_ during the hard times”可知，此处表示提出疑问“还有什么其他方式可以让我们在一起呢？ 16A【解析】句意：有什么比收到一封意想不到的人寄来的邮件更美妙的经历呢？ 根据“a piece of mail in your mailbox”可知，此处表示接收来信。 17D【解析】句意：他坐在信箱旁边的折叠椅上，用便携式打字机打出一个牌子，上面写着：“给心情忧郁的朋友免费信件。” 根据“typing letters”可知，此处对应的是打字机。 18C【解析】句意：伍尔夫花了几个小时，每周几天，连续四周，为他在布鲁克林公园斜坡的邻居们打字。 根据下文“He _20_ the neighbors”可知，此处是信息词neighbors的词汇复现。 19B【解析】句意：这位37岁的纽约大学教师称自己的街头表演为“安慰”。根据“a Brooklyn based performance artist”可知，此处是信息词performance的词汇复现。 20A【解析】句意：他希望邻居和听到消息的人能感受到这种温暖。 根据“the neighbors and those hearing from them could feel the warmth.”可知，邻居和听到消息的人能感受到温暖是他的希望。
