1、课后分层集训必修1Unit 2Heroes (A卷).阅读理解A(2017东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)Try rubbing (摩擦) the tip of your finger backwards and forwards very quickly on your coat or a blanket.It should become hot.In cold weather we sometimes rub our hands together to make them warm.The rubbing of two together which causes heat is called
2、“friction (摩擦力)”In the same way，people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby.The heat set the leaves or grass alight.This was a difficult way of making fire.Better ways were found by using flint (火石)，but it wa
3、s not until 1827 that the first matches were made in England.Chemists made up a mixture and put it on an end of a stick or match.The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorus (磷)，a chemical that bursts into flame when heated slightly.The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely
4、 until the wood was alight.By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper，the friction easily set the phosphorus alight.These first matches could also be struck on other rough surfaces，including the leather sole (鞋底) of a shoe.At the time，everyone thought this was a wonderful invention.Unfortunately a
5、ccidents happened.A whole box of matches would suddenly catch fire if it was heated.Imagine this happening to someone warming themselves by a fire with a box of matches in his or her pocket！Even loose matches in a handbag or pocket could rub together and catch fire.What was needed was a match that w
6、ould only light if struck on a special surface.In 1852，the safety match was invented in Sweden.No phosphorus was used in the match headit was put on the outside of the matchbox instead.This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which cont
7、ained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorus.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了火柴的发明过程。1Why did people use dried leaves or grass to pack another piece of wood?AThe leaves or grass is easy to be alight.BThe leaves or grass covered the wood well.CThe leaves or grass helped the air cause heat.DThe leaves or grass ac
8、ted as the role of a match.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the same way，people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby.The heat set the leaves or grass alight.”可知，与天气冷时人们摩擦取暖一样，住山洞的人用干燥的树叶和草是因为它们容易擦燃。故选A。2What was the match m
9、ade of in 1827?ALeather soles，sandpaper and leaves.BWood，leather soles and sandpaper.CPhosphorus，wood and sandpaper.DPhosphorus，sandpaper and flint.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorus (磷).The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was a
10、light.By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper.”可知，当时火柴中含有phosphorus，wood和sandpaper。故选C。3If we used the safety match，we could see _Aloose matches could catch fire fiercelyBphosphorus wasnt needed inside matchboxesCthere were matches and sandpaper in matchboxesDthe special surface containing sand
11、paper and phosphorusD推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorus.”可知，我们能看到火柴盒特殊的表面上含砂纸和磷。故选D。B(2017合肥高三检测)Its the universal cry of parents “Get a job！” Solimans mother
12、 told Soliman on the second day of his college breaks.After years of delivering furniture for his mothers store，he knew many people had things they wanted to get rid of.If he borrowed his moms truck，he could make a little money by carrying away their garbage.One night，Soliman came up with a name for
13、 his new businessCollege Hunks Hauling Junk.He advertised the next day，and within hours，his phone rang.He asked his friend Friedman to help.They made $220 in three hours by cleaning out a womans garage.Soliman and Friedman earned $10，000 that summer.But the two werent ready to become fulltime garbag
14、e men after graduation.“We were trained to finish college and get a good job，” says Soliman，who first worked at a research firm.Friedman became an economic analyst.After working for the firm and the company for a while，both of them changed their minds.They quit their jobs and restarted their busines
15、s，but had trouble finding a bank willing to lend them money.“Within months，” says Friedman，“we were pretty upset.” At last，one bank risked lending them $50，000.At first，they lost money.One customer asked them to deal with a dozen garbage cans filled with construction garbage.They measured the job by
16、 volume instead of by weight and charged just $130.“The cans were so heavy that it took us two and a half hours，” says Soliman，“and it cost us more than $250 to carry the load.”However，the tough experience taught them a lesson.They reduced the cost of unloading by recycling metals and electronics.Ju
17、st four years later，they ran a nationwide company that earned $3 million in 2014.“I figured if Nick and I failed，wed learn more from failing than from not trying at all，” says Soliman.【语篇解读】Soliman通过为妈妈的商店运送家具了解到许多人有不想要的东西。于是他有了一个想法通过运送别人不想要的东西来挣钱。他和朋友开始创业时遇到了一些困难，但是通过不懈的努力以及分析和总结，最后他们终于成功了。4What do
18、es Soliman find when helping to deliver furniture?ASome parents want their kids to work at college breaks.BMany families have things they dont want to keep.CHis moms truck works well in carrying heavy furniture.DIts hard to make money by carrying away the garbage.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After years of delive
19、ring furniture for his mothers store，he knew many people had things they wanted to get rid of.”可知，Soliman在为母亲的商店运送家具后他了解到很多人有他们不想要的东西。故选B。5What makes Soliman think of starting his new business?AHis working experience in his mothers store.BHis strong desire to make use of the garbage.CHis hatred for
20、peoples throwing away things.DHis much available time at college breaks.A推理判断题。根据第二段的“If he borrowed his moms truck，he could make a little money by carrying away their garbage.”可知，当他知道很多人都有不想要的东西时，他就想到如果他借妈妈的卡车来运走这些不想要的东西，他就可以挣到钱。所以这种想法应该是他帮妈妈做事时想到的。故选A。6How did Soliman and Friedman cut the cost of
21、the company?ABy filling the cans with more garbage.BBy measuring the job by volume.CBy reducing the working hours.DBy recycling something useful.D细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“They reduced the cost of unloading by recycling metals and electronics.”可知，他们通过循环利用金属和电子设备来减少卸载的费用。故选D。7Which of the following can be lear
22、ned from the passage?AEasier said than done.BNothing succeeds like success.CTwo heads are better than one.DNothing is impossible to a willing heart.D推理判断题。通读全文可知，Soliman和朋友在创业阶段很不顺。但是通过坚持不懈的努力以及分析和总结，最后他们终于获得了成功。这个故事也验证了这句名言：有志者事竟成。故选D。.完形填空(2017四川重点中学高三评估检测)It was just a simple sixletter word.When
23、I was about thirteen，it had such a(n) _1_ definition (定义) which tore my world apart.The sixletter word named cancer took many lives；_2_，a close loved one of minemy grandfather._3_ my grandfather had such a disease，he never let it slow him down.One day he told me，“Jaz，I know that I have cancer，and so
24、me things may _4_ from now on，but dont _5_ that Im going down without a fight.” Those words came from the strength and courage that were his _6_He wasnt the type of person choosing to _7_ and give up.If he had to fight，then hed fight.No _8_ were asked.And that was what kept me through almost three y
25、ears of warm，salty tears and _9_ that things would get better.Yet，life without him was something I declared _10_I hated thinking of the possibilities of him _11_ me，it was not something that I wanted to think about，but I did because I couldnt _12_ my negative thoughts.Ive learned a lesson through th
26、e _13_ of losing my grandfather.Losing him is more of _14_ than it is extreme sadness.Yes，I have lost my best friend and hero，but that doesnt mean that Im going to hide in the corner and _15_ the “what ifs” and “if onlys”I _16_ to let myself do so.Just like him，he wasnt going down without a fight，an
27、d neither am II have to keep fighting although the situation becomes _17_He has suffered the pain，and I have suffered the _18_Cancer has won yet again，but that doesnt matter.He will always hold the title that he held on for two long，good years.I will not _19_ my intelligence and sit on the couch for
28、 the rest of my life.He told me to do something，be someone.My only wish is for him to _20_ see me make it.【语篇解读】作者的祖父虽然身患癌症，但是却勇于面对病魔，从不屈服。这让作者从中汲取了与生活中的痛苦抗争的力量。1A.comprehensiveBamazingCpainfulDdifferentC根据下文中的“tore my world apart”“pain”等内容可知，此处指作者认为这个六个字母的单词的定义令人感到痛苦。2A.particularlyBgraduallyCcerta
29、inlyDgenerallyA这个六个字母构成的单词是“cancer”，它夺去了许多人的生命，尤其(particularly)是作者所爱的人之一他的祖父。3A.SinceBAfterCWhenDAlthoughD作者的祖父虽然身患癌症，但是没有向疾病屈服，所以此处用Although引导让步状语从句。4A.disappearBchangeChappenDremainB作者的祖父对作者说，“我知道自己患了癌症，从现在开始，有一些事情会有所改变(change)，但是不要认为(think)我会不抗争就倒下。”5A.admitBdemandCcomplainDthinkD参见上题解析。6A.person
30、alityBadvantageCfavoriteDtalentA结合上一句话和本句中的“strength and courage”可知，此处指这些话源自作者祖父性格中的坚强和勇气。7A.burst outBtake downCbreak downDmake outC根据上文中的“dont _5_ that Im going down without a fight”及下文中的“wasnt going down without a fight”“keep fighting”可知，作者的祖父不会因为疾病而精神崩溃并且轻言放弃。break down意为“垮掉，精神崩溃”，符合语境。8A.opinio
31、nsBquestionsCreasonsDexplanationsB根据上一句话可知，如果祖父不得不抗争，他就会抗争，而不去问为什么。9A.imaginingBsupposingChopingDbelievingC作者在祖父患病之后的三年里非常难过，一直希望(hoping)祖父的病情会有所好转。10A.impossibleBfortunateCstrangeDspecialA根据语境可知，在作者看来，没有祖父的生活简直是不可能的(impossible)。11A.scoldingBforgettingCmissingDleavingD此处指作者不愿意去想祖父因为患病而离开(leaving)自己的
32、可能性。12A.rememberBgraspCstandDreplaceC虽然作者并不愿意考虑祖父可能去世的问题，但是却考虑了，因为自己实在不能承受(stand)自己消极的想法。13A.strugglesBpuzzlesCtroublesDdoubtsA根据上下文可知，此处指的应是作者曾在失去祖父的痛苦中努力挣扎(struggles)，并从中得到了启示。14A.experienceBshockCmotivationDfortuneC根据语境可知，失去祖父的经历对作者来说更多的是一种动力，而不是极度的悲伤。motivation“动力，积极性”。15A.debateBguessCrecallDre
33、citeD虽然作者最终还是失去了祖父，但是不会就此藏在某一个角落，独自去逐一列举(recite)那些“如果”和“要是就好了”，他拒绝(refuse)让自己这样做。16A.preferBrefuseCpromiseDhesitateB参见上题解析。17A.astonishingBdifficultCapparentDfrighteningB尽管情况变得困难(difficult)，作者必须不断奋斗。18A.regretBpanicCsorrowDfailureC根据上文中的“extreme sadness”“pain”可知，此处指的是作者的祖父遭受了疼痛，而作者经受了悲伤。sorrow“悲伤，悲痛”，符合语境。19A.valueBabuseCimproveDwasteD根据句中的“sit on the couch for the rest of my life”可知，作者意识到自己不会独坐一隅黯然神伤，浪费(waste)自己的才智。20A.immediatelyBactuallyCoccasionallyDnaturallyB根据上文中的“He told me to do something，be someone”可知，祖父希望作者能有所成就，成为一个重要的人物，故此处指作者希望祖父能真正(actually)看到自己取得成功。 【导学号：34802201】
