1、主题群四科学与技术主题语境(一)社会进步与人类文明阅读理解A(2020天津5月卷D)Studying a subject that you feel pointless is never a fun or easy task.If youre studying history，asking yourself the question “why is history important” is a very good first step.History is an essential part of human civilization.You will find something here
2、 that will arouse your interest，or get you thinking about the significance of history.History grounds us in our roots. History is an important and interesting field of study，and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper，more meaningful glimpse (一瞥) into our ancestral pasts，and ho
3、w we got to where we are today.Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging，which is something that studying your roots and being openminded to the evolution of your culture can provide.History enriches our experience. Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us t
4、o reflect on the social and economic life of the people living long time ago.According to the experts，problems faced by people regardless of the past and present are the same.With the information about the ancestors, one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life.History makes us mor
5、e empathetic (具有共情能力的)Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things，and how the past has shaped it into what we know now.It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures.Fear and hate for others is usually caused by ignorance (无知)Were scar
6、ed of the things that we dont understand.History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.History can inspire us to learn more. Whats fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons.Its almost impossi
7、ble to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questions about related concepts.Study the 19th century England，and you might catch a glimpse of Charles Dickens Oliver Twist.Look up Charles Dickens，and you might learn a thing or two about realism.Or maybe you end up switching your
8、attention away from novels，and discover the history of romantic poets in England.It can go anywhere，and there is something in there for absolutely anybody.The value of history cannot be underestimated.We dont have to live in the past，but we can definitely do better by learning from it and using the
9、lessons learnt to lead more meaningful lives.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了历史的意义以及学习历史的重要性。1The underlined part “where we are today” in Para.2 probably means _.Athe turning point in our historyBthe present state of our nationCthe location of our homelandDthe total area of our countryB句意理解题。根据画线部分所在句“History is
10、an important.learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper，more meaningful glimpse (一瞥) into our ancestral pasts，and how we got to where we are today.”可知，作者意在表达学习祖国的历史可以让我们更深入、更有意义地了解我们祖先的过去，以及我们是如何到达现在的状态的，故“where we are today”指的是我们国家现在的状态，故B项正确。2According to the experts，why is hist
11、ory useful for people to handle challenges of life?AThe problems at present are similar to those in the past.BAncient people laid economic foundations for people today.CThe current challenges of life were predicted by the ancestors.DPeople living long time ago knew more about how to solve problems.A
12、细节理解题。根据第三段中的“According to the experts，problems faced by people regardless of the past and present are the same.With the information about the ancestors，one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life.”可知，现在的人们面对的问题与过去的人们面对的问题是相同的，故现在的人们可以借鉴古人解决问题的方法，故A项正确。3What can be concluded from
13、Para.4?AIt is difficult to get rid of cultural barriers.BPeople are willing to accept foreign cultures.CCultural conflicts in history are difficult to ignore.DHistory helps us improve our crosscultural awareness.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures.”
14、“History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.”可知，学习历史可以帮助我们了解其他的文化，提升我们的跨文化意识，故D项正确。4With the example in Para.5，the writer intends to show that _.ACharles Dickens contributes much to British literatureBOlive
15、r Twist can satisfy our curiosity about romantic poetsCreading novels is a way to learn about a historical periodDstudying history can arouse peoples interest in other fieldsD推理判断题。根据第五段主题句“History can inspire us to learn more.” 以及所举例子的内容可知，当学习十九世纪的英国历史时，你可能会看到查尔斯狄更斯的小说雾都孤儿。当查阅有关查尔斯狄更斯的信息时，你可能会学到一些关
16、于现实主义的东西。或者你可能最终会把注意力从小说上移开，了解到浪漫主义诗人的历史。由此可推知，作者举例是为了说明学习历史可以引起人们对其他领域的兴趣，故D项正确。5What could be the best title for the passage?AHow to Build Cultural IdentityBWhy Studying History MattersCKnow the Past，Know the PresentDHistory：a Way to Broaden Ones HorizonsB标题判断题。根据第一段中的“If youre studying history，as
17、king yourself the question why is history important is a very good first step.History is an essential part of human civilization.”可知，作者开篇提出“历史为何重要”的问题，之后从四个方面(第二至五段)来回答这一问题；最后一段中的“The value of history cannot be underestimated.”呼应主题，强调历史的价值不可被低估。综上所述，文章意在向读者说明学习历史为何重要，故B项作文章标题最佳。B(2020浙江7月卷B)The traf
18、fic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue，Washington，generally dont flash the same length of green twice in a row，especially at rush hour.At 9：30 am，the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be 140 seconds.By 9：33 am，a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds.Less traffic a
19、t 9：37 am could push it down to 135.Just like the traffic itself，the timing of the signals changes.That is by design.Bellevue，a fastgrowing city just east of Seattle，uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US：intersection(十字路口)signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions.Th
20、ese lights，known as adaptive signals，have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed，”says Alex Stevanovic，a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.For all of Be
21、llevues success，adaptive signals are not a cureall for jammed roadways. Kevin Balke，a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute，says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities，others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of c
22、ars on the road will make a meaningful difference.“Its not going to fix everything，but adaptive signals have some benefits for smaller cities，”he says.In Bellevue，the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches.In the past，there was often an automatic reacti
23、on to increased traffic：just widen the roads，says Mark Poch，the Bellevue Transportation Departments traffic engineering manager.Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了美国的一种可调节式的交通信号灯。6What does the underlined word
24、 “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AIncreased length of green lights.BShortened traffic signal cycle.CFlexible timing of traffic signals.DSmooth traffic flow on the road.C代词指代题。根据文章第一段中的“The traffic signals.By 9：33 am，a burst of.Less traffic at 9：37 am.changes”可以推知，that指代第一段中的多变的交通信号灯时间，故选C项。7What does
25、 Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals?AThey work better on broad roads.BThey should be used in other cities.CThey have greatly reduced traffic on the road.DThey are less helpful in cities seriously jammed.D细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“others are so jammed that only.Its not going to fix everything，but adaptive
26、signals have some benefits for smaller cities”可知，Kevin Balke认为可调节式的交通信号灯对小城市的交通改善是有用的，但对交通极度拥堵的城市而言，作用并不是非常大，故选D项。8What can we learn from Bellevues success?AIt is rewarding to try new things.BThe old methods still work today.CIt pays to put theory into practice.DThe simplest way is the best way.A推理判
27、断题。根据文章最后一段中的“the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches”可推知，从Bellevue装可调节式交通信号灯一事上不难发现，它的成功在于积极尝试新事物，故选A项。语法填空(2020浙江7月卷)Some time after 10 000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 1._，through agriculture. Over thousand
28、s of years，they began to depend less on 2._ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.Farming produced more food per person 3._ hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food 4._(n
29、eed)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 5._ (change)lives.By about 6000 BC，people 6._(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the 7._ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，8._(make)use of annual floods
30、 to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time.Then，with 9._ rise of science，changes began.New methods 10._ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming.In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥) have no
31、w totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了人类农业技术的发展。1in考查介词。live in是固定词组，表示“在地方生活”，故填in。2what考查名词性从句的引导词。根据语法结构可知，what引导宾语从句，作on的宾语。由于该宾语从句中缺少主语，同时空处表示“的事物”，故填what。3than考查介词。根据上文的more food可知，此处是more.than.结构，表示“比多”。4was needed考查谓语动词的时态、语态。结合句意“出生的孩子越多，需要的粮食就越多”可知，
32、more food与need构成被动关系，且文章的基本时态为一般过去时，故填was needed。5to change考查非谓语动词(不定式)。根据语境可知，“农业给了人们首次用技术的力量去改变生活的体验”，故接不定式作定语。6had discovered考查动词的时态。根据时间状语By about 6000 BC可知，句子谓语动词用过去完成时，故填had discovered。7seasons考查名词的单复数。根据常识和语境可知，人们开始按照季节更替来种植庄稼，故填seasons。8making考查非谓语动词(现在分词)。结合and和上文的planting可知，此处应该填making与其并列
33、。9the考查冠词。根据空后的rise of science可知，此处是名词的限定性修饰，语意表示“科学的兴起”，故填定冠词the，表示特指。10meant考查动词的时态和语态。结合句意可知，New methods与mean是主谓关系，同时文章的基本时态为一般过去时，故填meant。.写出所给单词的汉语意思1horizon n视野，眼界2romantic adj.浪漫的3absolutely adv.当然；绝对地4underestimate v低估5ancient adj.古老的6handle v处理7literature n文学8timing n计时9popularity n热度，流行10b
34、eneficial adj.有益的11switch n&v.开关12reaction n反应13manager n经理14agriculture n农业15accelerate v加速16artificial adj.人工的.根据所给汉语写出英文单词1dozen n. 一打2novel n. 小说3satisfy v使满足4traffic n交通5burst v迸发，爆发6gain v获得，赢得7demand v要求8hunt v打猎，寻找9raise v喂养，抚养.根据所给提示写出派生单词1civilize v使文明化civilization n文明2rich adj. 丰富的enrich
35、v丰富3ignore v忽视ignorance n无知；忽视4realism n现实主义realist n现实主义者5conclude v总结conclusion n结论6contribute v贡献； 撰稿contribution n贡献7adjust v调整，适应adjustment n调整，适应8reduce v减少reduction n减少.根据所给汉语写出惯用习语1regardless_of尽管，不管2catch_a_glimpse_of瞥见3get_rid_of摆脱4instead_of替代，而不是5or_so大约即时演练单句语法填空1If I am lucky enough to
36、 win the election，the first thing I will do is to enrich(rich) our students afterclass activities.2She admitted to herself she didnt know how to_handle_(handle) the problem.3Not only has your lecture left a deep impression on us but also broadened our horizons(horizon)4Teenagers climbed dozens (doze
37、n) of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless highrise buildings.5Tom gained (gain) friendship and experience from the local residents, when he worked with them.6To the satisfaction(satisfy) of the boss, his products could satisfy the needs of the customers
38、.7Mobile phones must be_switched (switch) off inside the castle in consideration of other visitors.8He advocated building more schools instead of shops in this area at the meeting held yesterday.9Our club is open to everyone regardless of age, sex or educational background.10Once you pick up some ba
39、d habits you may find it hard to get rid of them.熟词生义(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思)1Studying history can give us insight into why our culture does certain things， and how the past has 塑造2Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed.处理，解决3This style of farming lasted for qu
40、ite a long time.持续.似易实难(将句中黑体词部分译成汉语)1History grounds us in our roots.译文历史能让我们找到自己的根。2History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.译文历史有可能打破那些界限，它让我们能洞察整个世界，否则我们对世界就会感觉非常陌生。.复杂晦涩(分析句子结构并译成汉语)1History is an im
41、portant and interesting field of study, and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper, more meaningful glimpse into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where we are today.分析本句是and连接的并列句，第一个分句是History is an important and interesting field of study简单句，为主系表结构。第二个分句本身是复合句，主句是learn
42、ing the history of our home country can give us a deeper.。our ancestral pasts和how we got to where we are today，都作介词into的宾语，where we are today是介词to的宾语从句。译文历史是一个重要而有趣的研究领域，学习祖国的历史可以让我们更深入、更有意义地了解祖辈的过去以及我们是如何走到今天这个地步的。2Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something th
43、at studying your roots and being openminded to the evolution of your culture can provide.分析主句主谓部分是Many people feel like。they need a sense of cultural belonging是宾语从句，which is something是定语从句修饰a sense of cultural belonging, that也引导定语从句修饰something。译文很多人感觉他们需要一种文化归属感，这种归属感是研究自己的文化根源，对自己的文化发展持开明态度可提供的。3Ke
44、vin Balke, a research engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference.分析主句主语是Kevin Balke, 谓
45、语says，第一个that引导宾语从句，宾语从句中又包含了while引导的状语从句以及so.that.句型。在这个so.that句型中，that从句中的主语是a sharp reduction，谓语部分是will make a meaningful difference。译文凯文贝尔克是德州A&M交通学院的研究工程师，他说尽管智能交通灯对一些城市尤其有益，但另外一些城市交通拥堵严重，只有大幅减少道路上的汽车数量才能真正起作用。1scare v使害怕 n惊恐(1)scare away/off吓跑give sb. a scare吓了某人一跳(2)scary adj.害怕的(3)scared adj
46、.感到惊慌的be scared to try new things害怕尝试新东西be scared of heights恐高be scared of going out alone不敢一个人外出scare the cat away把猫吓跑了be scared to death吓死基础练习单句语法填空It was a scary story and children were scared after they heard it.(scare)After I heard the terrifying news, nothing could have stopped me from feeling
47、 scared (scare) to death.能力提升一句多译她不喜欢骑马，因为她怕被马踢。She didnt like riding，because she was scared to_be_kicked by the horse.(不定式)She didnt like riding，because she was scared of_being_kicked by the horse.(动名词)2. handle n把手 v处理；驾驶；拿(1)fly off the handle 大发雷霆(2)get a handle on sth.开始掌握某事turn a door handle转动
48、门把手handle with care 小心轻放learn to handle stress学会应对压力基础练习单句语法填空Not knowing what was wrong with his car，Martin decided to ask an experienced man to_handle(handle) the problem.(2019浙江卷)However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had_handled (handle) the call.能力提升一句多译由于这里无人知道机器故障出在哪里，我们必须找个工程师解
49、决这个问题。As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to_handle_the_problem.(handle)As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to_deal_with_the_problem.(deal)3condition n条件，状况(1)out of condition 健康状况不佳/条件状况欠佳(2)on condition tha
50、t 如果；在条件下；倘若on no condition 决不(3)under.conditions 在条件下(4)in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)working/living/studying conditions工作/生活/学习环境the economic condition of the country该国的经济状况基础练习单句语法填空What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor condition.On no condition should you l
51、ose heart when you are in trouble.It is many young peoples ambition to set up businesses that improve social conditions(condition)能力提升词汇升级普通表达：They agreed to lend us the car if we returned it before the weekend.高级表达：They agreed to lend us the car on_condition_that we returned it before the weekend.4
52、benefit n利益；好处 vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益(1)benefit from/by 从中获益；得益于for the benefit of sb. for ones benefit为了某人的利益(2)beneficial adj.有益的；有利的be beneficial to .be of benefit to .对有益benefit a lot from this activity从这个活动中获益良多the benefits of modern medicine现代医学的裨益a benefit concert 慈善音乐会基础练习单句语法填空(2019北京卷)The stud
53、ents benefiting(benefit) most from college are those who are totally engaged in academic life, taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources.Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations.China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citiz
54、ens.Walking is extremely beneficial(benefit) to your body shape.能力提升词汇升级/句式升级普通表达：It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，and it is good to all of us. 高级表达：It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，and it is of_benefit_to all of u
55、s. 高级表达：It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，which_is_of_benefit_to_all_of_us.(非限制性定语从句)5raise v举起；提出；抚养；饲养；筹集(1)raise是及物动词，词义较多，根义为“抬升”，基于所跟的对象不同，以及用于不同场景而具有不同的含义。(2)rise是不及物动词，表示“升起”；arise是不及物动词，表示“出现”； arouse是及物动词，表示“唤醒”。raise public awareness about environm
56、ental protection提升公众的环保意识raise doubts about.引起对的怀疑develop/raise an awareness of.培养/提高的意识 基础练习单句语法填空The purpose, though, would be not just to_raise (raise) revenue but to change behavior.Not only does exercise improve our health but also it makes us cheerful and raises (raise) our learning efficiency
57、.能力提升句式升级普通表达：He was brought up in a poor family. He found that everything in the outside world aroused his curiosity. 高级表达：Raised_in_a_poor_family,_he found that everything in the outside world aroused his curiosity.(过去分词短语作状语)6grow v生长；长大；种植；变得(1)用作及物动词，表示“种植”。(2)用作不及物动词，表示“长大，生长”。(3)用作系动词，表示“变得”，
58、多跟形容词。(4)过去式grew，过去分词grown，名词形式growth“种植；生长”。slowly grow accustomed to the dark慢慢适应了黑暗grow up to be independent长大成人独立生活the growing demands of social media社交媒体不断增长的需求基础练习单句语法填空We can find us in an exciting world every day, with the sun shining brightly, trees growing(grow) greenly and flowers coming
59、out with all kinds of colors.China has the largest irrigated area of the farmland in the world and grows (grow) more than a third of the crops of the world.They debated with each other about the environment protection and economic growth (grow)能力提升一句多译众所周知，这个男孩长大后成了一个伟大的科学家。As is known to all, the b
60、oy has_grown_up_to_be/has_grown_into a great scientist.(grow)As is known to all, the boy has_become a great scientist.(become)1Its almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questions about related concepts.在没有对相关概念提出很多问题时几乎不可能了解一个历史时期。句型公式本句是否定前缀词impossible和with
61、out doing构成的双重否定句式，表达的是肯定意义，意为“没有不行；除不行”。(1)用否定前缀表达否定意义，搭配without结构，构成双重否定。 (2)用否定词表达否定意义，搭配without结构，构成双重否定。(3)还可以在否定句中搭配too，表示“再也不为过”。金句推送I couldnt have gone through that bitter period without your generous help.没有你的慷慨帮助， 我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。 基础练习单句语法填空Without passion, people wont have the motivation or
62、 the joy necessary for creative thinking.From this experience, I learned that being careful is very important and that we cant be too careful, especially in examinations.能力提升完成句子你如何重视让孩子接受良好的教育都不为过。You cant_attach_too_great_importance_to your childs receiving a good education.动动脑筋你就会发现世上无难事。Use your
63、 head and you will find nothing_is_impossible in the world.2In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated.在过去的大约一个世纪里，这些变化加快了。 句型公式本句涉及现在完成时态的一类标志性时间状语 “in the last时间段”，表示“在过去的多少时间里”，和现在完成时搭配使用。(1)介词除了使用in，也可以使用during, for, over等。(2)the last也可以用the past替换(3)如果只用in the past，则和过去时态搭配。金句推送I
64、n the last few years, China has made great achievements in environmental protection.在过去几年里，中国在环境保护上取得了伟大成就。基础练习单句语法填空The boy, like many other English learners, has_met (meet) with many difficulties in learning English during the past seven years.(2019江苏卷)The musician along with his band members has
65、given ten performances in the last three months.能力提升完成句子在过去几十年里，医疗技术的进步使得人们比过去活得更久。In/During/Over_the_last_decades，advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.夯基固本知识落实.用所给词的正确形式填空1You must be careful when handling(handle) chemicals.2Studying in Chi
66、na can have your horizons broadened (broaden) and give you a chance to experience abundant traditional Chinese culture.3For most people, its almost impossible(possible) to operate a computer without a mouse, let alone surf the Internet. 4The lightning gave the room a scary(scare) aspect.5When you le
67、ave the room, please turn off all the switches(switch).在空白处填入一个适当的词1While modelling business is by no means to get into，the good model will always be in demand.2In my view, high school students should have a balanced diet and eat more fruit and vegetables instead of junk food，which can be beneficial
68、 to their health.3Mother was worried about whether she could adjust to living in the mountainous village alone.4He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now.5The moment the players of the Chinese women volleyball team turned up, the audience burst into cheer
69、s.强技提能知识应用.完形填空(2020山东枣庄二模)When you walk through the doors of Morton Plant Hospital on an early Tuesday afternoon，youll be greeted by the comforting voice of Mary Ellen Owens.Owens，who is now 98，started 1 at the hospital after her husband died nearly 20 years ago.“My husband was a(n) 2 here，off and
70、on for about six weeks over four years，”she 3 .“Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick.”To show her 4 ，Owens wanted to give back in a big way.“I dont have several million dollars，but I can give my 5 ，”she said.Owens is approaching 7,000 hours in volunteer time.“I used to gi
71、ve three days a week，”she said.“Now Im 6 .So I dont get around as much as I 7 ，so I only give one day a week.”To get to her weekly fourhour 8 ，Owens receives a ride from a volunteer who she now calls her friend.“Every 9 ，Richard picks me up from my home and brings me here，”she said.“I dont believe p
72、eople of my age should be 10 .”In her younger years，Owens used to walk up and down the fashion runways in New York City and Richmond，Virginia.She also had a(n) 11 to be in the 1939 film classic Gone with the Wind.Because she had some other work at the time，however，Owens 12 to turn it down.“What I di
73、dnt do in my life is more 13 than what Ive done，”she laughs. 14 shes in her golden years，Owens plans to continue to live her life with 15 by greeting each patient with a smile.1A.volunteeringBtrainingCworkingDnursingA根据下文中的“Owens is approaching 7,000 hours in volunteer time.”可知，欧文斯在医院做志愿者(volunteeri
74、ng)。2A.doctorBexpertCpatientDassistantC根据空后的“Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick.”可知，欧文斯的丈夫生病的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，这说明欧文斯的丈夫曾是这家医院的患者(patient)。3A.commentedBpromisedCrespondedDexplainedD空后的“Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick.”是欧文斯解释时说的话，所以填exp
75、lained。4A.attitudeBappreciationCsympathyDresponseB空前一句说欧文斯的丈夫生病住院的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，因此她要表达对医院的感激(appreciation)。5A.handBlove CsmileDtimeD根据上文中的“Owens，who is now 98，started.at the hospital after her husband died nearly 20 years ago.”可知，现年98岁的欧文斯在丈夫差不多20年前去世后就开始在医院做志愿者。由此可知，此处是说她可以献出自己的时间(time)。6A.ol
76、dBstrongCsickDluckyA根据上文中“Owens，who is now 98”可知，欧文斯现在已经98岁了，年纪已经非常大了(old)。7A.had toBhoped toCused toDought toC根据上文中的“I used to give three days a week”及空后的“so I only give one day a week”可知，欧文斯以前一周有三天去做志愿者，现在一周只有一天去做志愿者，这说明她现在年纪太大， 不能像以前(used to)那样了。8A.standBride CturnDshiftD根据上文可知，欧文斯现在每周去医院做一次志愿服务，
77、因此此处指“去医院上班(shift)”，故D项正确。9A.dayBMonday CmorningDTuesdayD根据上文中的“When you walk through the doors of Morton Plant Hospital on an early Tuesday afternoon，youll be greeted by the comforting voice of Mary Ellen Owens.”可知，欧文斯每周二(Tuesday)去医院做志愿服务。10A.strugglingBdrivingCrunningDchangingB根据上文中的“To get to her
78、 weekly fourhour _，Owens receives a ride from a volunteer who she now calls her friend.”可知，为了每周四小时的轮班，她请一名志愿者载她上下班，这说明她不认为像她这个年纪的人还能开车(driving)去上班。11A.partBcharacterCperformanceDopportunityD根据空后的“turn it down”可知，欧文斯曾有机会(opportunity)出演1939年拍摄的经典电影乱世佳人，但她拒绝了。12A.decidedBhopedCagreedDhappenedA根据空前的“Bec
79、ause she had some other work at the time”可知，因为她当时还有其他一些工作，所以欧文斯决定(decided)拒绝出演乱世佳人。13A.difficultBinterestingCwellpaidDchallengingB此处表示：没有做过的事比做过的事更有趣(interesting)。14A.Now thatBGuessing thatCSupposing thatDExcept thatA既然(now that)她现在还能干得动(身体情况还允许)，欧文斯仍打算继续怀揣着这样一个目的生活微笑着问候每一位病人。15A.reliefBsuccessCpurp
80、oseDspiritC根据空后的“by greeting each patient with a smile”可知，微笑着问候每一位病人是欧文斯生活中的一个目标(purpose)。.语法填空(2019南昌市重点中学段考)In todays world of mobile payment，all we really need 1._(survive)is a smartphone.But one company is hoping to make traditional wallets cool again，by 2._(bring)them into the digital age.Armen
81、ian firm Voltermans smart wallet takes security to a new level.Its fitted with different technology，such as 3._ alarm，a GPS tracker，and even a camera.If your smartphone and wallet become separate，the alarm will warn you 4._ you dont leave it behind.And if your wallet 5._(lose)or stolen，the GPS track
82、er can help you reach it.Even 6._(interesting)is the frontfacing camera.“If someone dares to open your wallet 7._ permission，a little camera inside 8._(take) a picture and send it to your mobile phone.You will find it 9._(easy)by receiving a picture of the thief，” Azat Tovmasyan，Voltermans founder，t
83、old news site Banks.am.The hightech wallet will be released later this year and will come in three 10._(model)，with the cheapest expected to cost $179.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种即将上市的智能钱包。1to survive考查非谓语动词。need to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“需要做某事”。句意：在当今的移动支付世界，我们生存真正需要的是一部智能手机。2bringing考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词by可知，空处作该介词的
84、宾语，故用动名词形式。句意：但有一家公司希望通过将传统钱包带入数字时代，让它们再次变酷。3an考查冠词。根据该句中的“a GPS tracker，and even a camera”并结合语境可知，该处泛指“一个警报器”，且alarm的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。4so考查连词。句意：如果你的智能手机和钱包分开了，警报器会提醒你，这样你就不会忘记它。根据空处前后的句意可知，空处前后表示因果关系，故用so引导该结果状语从句。5is lost考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如果你的钱包丢失或被盗，GPS跟踪器可以帮助你找到它。if引导的条件状语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来，故空处用一般现在时
85、；根据语境可知，空处表示丢失的状态，故用is lost。6more interesting考查形容词的比较级。上文介绍了如果你的钱包丢失或被盗，GPS跟踪器可以帮助你找到的情况，结合该句中的“Even”可知，此处表示“更令人感兴趣的是前置摄像头”。故该处用形容词的比较级。7without考查介词。根据语境可知，如果有人胆敢在未经允许的情况下打开你的钱包，里面的一个小相机就会拍下照片并发送到你的智能手机上。without permission意为“未经允许”，为固定用法 。8will take考查时态。分析句子结构可知，该句为主从复合句，从句为if引导的条件状语从句，使用了一般现在时，故主句用一
86、般将来时。句意：如果有人胆敢在未经允许的情况下打开你的钱包，里面的一个小相机就会拍下照片并发送到你的智能手机上。9easily考查副词。空处修饰动词“find”，故用副词形式。 10models考查名词的单复数。model为可数名词，根据空前的数词“three”可知，该处用复数形式。句意：这种高科技钱包的三个模型将于今年晚些时候上市，预计最便宜的价格是179美元。话题写作Step 1.写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子)我第一次读到关于张衡的文章，就被他感动了，他是中国古代一个伟大的天文学家和发明家。(定语从句)The_first_time I read about Zhang Heng
87、, who_was_a_great_astronomer_and_ inventor_in_ancient_China，I was touched.他一生致力于科学研究和发明，包括著名的地震仪。During his lifetime, he was_devoted_to scientific research and inventions, including the famous seismograph.事实上，他第一次介绍地震仪时被嘲笑了。As_a_matter_of_fact，he got laughed at when first introducing his seismograph
88、.他从未失去信心并继续研究。He never lost_heart but went on with his research.他深信只有他相信自己时，他才能胜任做任何事情。He was convinced that he was_equal_to_doing_everything only when he believed in himself.没有什么能够回报他对科学的贡献。Nothing could reward_his_contributions_to_science.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)用倒装句式升级句He was convinced that o
89、nly_when_he_believed_in_himself_was_he_equal_to_ doing_anything.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)The first time I read about Zhang Heng，who was a great astronomer and inventor in ancient China, I was touched.During his lifetime, he was devoted to scientific research and inventions, including the famous s
90、eismograph.As a matter of fact, he got laughed at when first introducing his seismograph.However, he never lost heart but went on with his research.He was convinced that only when he believed in himself was he equal to doing anything.In my opinion, nothing could reward his contributions to science.读
91、后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。An old wooden seat that Susan extremely valued often reminded her of mothers Golden Rule.Back in the 1930s，the country life was really tough.One day after dinner，Susans mother sat on the seat，announcing to the children the Golden Rule：“Treat others the way you
92、 want to be treated.”Susan reflected carefully and seriously on what her mother had said.She resolved that she would keep in mind and follow the rule.One Saturday afternoon，she went to farmer Jasons inn(小旅馆) to get the pay for her mothers washing for the guests there，which amounted to five dollars.S
93、he found Jason in the yard，who，as all the villagers knew，was selfish and mean.His eyes clouded with anger，as he had just finished a quarrel with one of his guests.He held in his hand an open wallet，full of bills.He barely noticed Susan until she made her request for the money.Instead of shouting at
94、her，as usual，for troubling him when he was busy，he handed her a bank note.Feeling relieved for escaping from Jason so easily，Susan hurried out of the inn.When carefully putting the money into her pocket，she discovered that Jason had given her two bills instead of one，and her first reaction was joy a
95、t the unexpected prize.She looked around and there was nobody nearby to share her discovery.“It is mine.All mine，”she said to herself.“I will buy mum a new coat with it，and she can give her old one to sister Mary，and then Mary can go to the Sunday school with me next winter.I wonder if I can buy a p
96、air of shoes for brother Tom too.”Just at that moment，she realized that Jason must have given the extra money to her by mistake，and therefore she had no right to own it.But a voice of temptation(诱惑) whispered，“He gave it，and you can keep it.He will never know，even if it is a mistake.”注意：1续写词数应为150左右
97、；2请按如下格式作答。As Susan hurried home，this conflict went on in her mind._Susans face became red with embarrassment and annoyance._【参考范文】As Susan hurried home，this conflict went on in her mind.When she passed through the gate，her eyes fell upon the wooden seat.Instantly，the words of the Golden Rule rang i
98、n her ears.Turning around quickly，she raced along the road breathlessly until she found herself again at farmer Jasons gate.“Why are you back again？”shouted the cold fellow angrily，as he saw Susan again at his side.“Sir，you gave me two bills，instead of one，”she said in a trembling voice.“Two bills？D
99、id I？Let me see.Well，so I did.Why didnt you bring it back sooner？You want to keep it yourself？”he blamed. Susans face became red with embarrassment and annoyance.Tears rolling down her cheeks，she loudly argued that she returned it almost the moment she discovered the truth.Jason looked at the child，
100、seemingly touched.Putting his hand in his pocket，he drew out a few coins and handed them to her.“No，sir，thank you，”sobbed Susan.“I do not want to be paid for doing right.I only wish you would not think me dishonest.” After hearing this，Jason said sorry to her，ashamed.Susan returned home with a lightened heart.Never would she forget her mothers Golden Rule in her life.
