1、译林高中英语选择性必修四Unit 2 课后培优练 (Grammar and usage-Project)【Part A】 基础知识练习一、 英汉互译1. in terms of2. get straight to the point3. meet sth with sth4. 对.偏爱5. 为某人报名参加.6. 渴望某人做某事7. 全球经济强国8. 提供.(使用或见到某物)的机会9. 拓展视野，开阔眼界10. come as no surprise11. 母语12. .被.代替13. 反对/抵制做某事14. 在这种情况下；既然如此 15. 对做某事犹豫16. 投诉，抱怨17. 进行眼神交流18
2、. fall off【答案】1. 就.方面而言2. 直奔主题，开门见山3. （对某事）作出反应；以作为回应4. have a preference for5. sign sb. up for.6. (be) keen for sb. to do7. a global economic power8. provide access to sth. 9. broaden ones mind10. 不足为奇11. native tongue12. .be replaced with.13. oppose doing sth.14. in/under the circumstances15. hesi
3、tate about/over doing sth.16. make a complaint17. make eye contact18. (程度)降低，减弱;(数量、规模)减少二、 根据提示填写正确形式的词汇1. and (手写, 书写)recognition will necessarily form an important part of this new.2. Theseare written for students with av of about 2000 words. 3. Theythe (篱笆)down to get at us.4. (干涉，干预)canthe live
4、s of many women who get.5. He had earlier spent several years in theand spoke f .6. By the time wethewe hadatraffic (拥挤，堵塞).7. The record shows a (趋向,趋势) to make a couple of kinds of particularly costly mistakes.8. It is typical for local residents to o the building of a nuclear waste facility.9. Th
5、e price is (有点,稍微)higher than I expected. 10. The dates quoted in these two documents do not (相符，一致).11. Britain is often c as an example of a declining industrial power.12. Maybe there wereforces she could not (容忍).13. Ifillupthe t withgasolineaboutonceaweek.14. Traditionallyhas called upon workers
6、 to (合作)in increasing.15. The policy is to (使加入) children with special needs into ordinary schools.16. She r a poem that she had learnt at school.17. The old man turned to give her a look of (完全的) surprise.18. The next time I saw him, Frank (表现) as if nothing had happened.19. Margy comes from Newcas
7、tle and speaks with a a .20. Hes quite (悲观的) about his chances of getting another job.【答案】1. handwriting2. vocabulary3. fence4. intervention5. fluent6. jam7. tendency8. oppose9. somewhat10. correspond11. cited12. tolerate13. tank14. cooperate15. integrate16. recited17. pure18. behaved19. accent20. p
8、essimistic三、 单句语法填空1. Adams expressed her (preference) for New York, despite the fact that shes lived in California for six years.2. At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.3. His (embarrass)questions made me feel greatly (embar
9、rass).4. We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true. 5. Jennys father opposed her (go)there alone.6. Bouvier returned to Europe with the (intend)of gathering further support for his cause.7. These programs can be integrated your existing software.8. It is strange how two
10、scientists studying the same problem can come to completely (oppose) conclusions.9. Dr. Rowan, _ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.10. I do want to tell you quite simply and (sincere)how much I lookto that.11. The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 per
11、cent in just one year.12. Many lessons are now available online, from students can choose for free.13. It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.14. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family me
12、mbers.15. The publication of Great Expectations, which both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist.【答案】1. preference【解析】跟在形容词性物主代词her后，用名词形式，与her一起作expressed的宾语。2. where【解析】考查定语从句引导词。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故用关系副词，先行词stands 在
13、从句中作地点状语，所以填where。3. embarrassing; embarrassed【解析】第一空，修饰后面的questions,意为“让人尴尬的问题”，故用-ing结尾的形容词。第二空意为“使我非常尴尬”，表示“人感到尴尬的”，故用-ed结尾的形容词。4. when【解析】考查定语从句引导词。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 5. going【解析】oppose sb. doing sth.反对某人做某事6. intention【解析】空前有冠词，空后有of，填名词形式。with the intention of.意为“怀着.的
14、目的”。7. into/with【解析】考查介词。integrate.into/with.使.与.合并8. opposite【解析】修饰名词conclusions,用形容词形式。9. whose【解析】考查定语从句引导词。_ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowans ”，表示“的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句。10. sincerely【解析】修饰动动词do want,用副词形式。11. As【解析】考查定语从句引导词。句意：据报道，吸烟者人数仅（过去）一年就减少了17%
15、。as引导的非限制性定语从句位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句话。12. which【解析】考查定语从句引导词。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。13. which【解析】考查定语从句引导词。根据分析，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语的，所以用关系代词which引导。14. whom【解析】本题考查定语从句引导词。逗号之后是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在介词后作宾语，故填whom。15. was【解析】考查定语从句的主谓一致。先行词是
16、Great Expectations，“Great Expectations”是书名，看做单数，所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式；根据“strengthened”可知，说的是过去，故填was。四、 写出单词在下列句子中的中文意思1. correspond(1) The numbers correspond to/with points on the map.(2) The description of these events corresponds closely to other accounts written at the time.(3) She stopped correspon
17、ding with him after the death of her mother.【答案】(1) correspond to/with 相符，一致(2) correspond to 相当于，类似于(3) correspond with 与.通信2. reject(1) All our suggestions were rejected out of hand .(2) One of my most able students was rejected by another university. (3) Imperfect articles are rejected by our qua
18、lity control.(4) Children feel abandoned or rejected if they dont see their parents regularly.(5) It was feared his body was rejecting a kidney he received in a transplant four years ago.(6) They felt that they were societys rejects.【答案】(1) 拒绝接受，不予考虑(2) 不录用;不录取(3) （因质量差）不用，不出售，不出版(4) 不够关心；慢待(5) 排斥(移
19、植器官)；对产生排斥反应(6) (n.)次品，不合格者3. slip (1) Wright slipped but managed to keep hold of the ball.(2) The fish slipped out of my hand.(3) One man managed to slip from the club as police arrived.(4) A letter had been slipped under his door.(5) His popularity slipped further after a series of scandals(丑行).(6
20、) It amazed him how easily one could slip into a routine.(7) Peter was already at the door slipping on his shoes.(8) We must be well prepared, there must be no slips.(9) I wrote it down on a slip of paper.【答案】(1) 滑倒，滑跤(2) 溜(3) 滑落，脱落(4) 迅速放置；悄悄塞；偷偷放(5) 下降；退步；变差(6) 陷入(7) （迅速且容易地）穿上，脱下(8) (n.)差错(9) (n.
21、)纸条4. contest(1) She won severalcontestswhen she was in her early twenties.(2) Acontestdevelopedforthepositionofministerofforeignaffairs.(3) Thewill becontestedby four.(4) Your former employer has to reply within 14 days in order to contest the case.【答案】(1) (n.)比赛，竞赛(2) (n.)争夺，竞争(3) (v.)争取赢得(4) (v.)
22、争辩，就提出异议五、 根据括号内的提示补全句子1. 他们刚进教室，上课铃就响了。(no sooner.than.)No sooner had they entered the classroom than the bell rang.2. 巴赫于1750年去世，但直到19世纪初他的音乐天赋才完全得到认可。(not until强调句型)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical talent was fully recognized.3. 老师试图让新来的那名学生融入这个班级。(i
23、ntegrate)The teacher tried to integrate the newcomer into the class.4. 总所周知，旅行和阅读都可以拓宽我们的视野。(broaden ones mind)As is know to all, travel and reading can both broaden our minds.5. 举办此次活动的目的是为对中国文化感兴趣的外国交换生提供一个交流的机会。(intention)We hold the activity with the intention of providing a chance for foreign e
24、xchange students who are interestedin Chinese culture.6. 说实话，我忍受不了孩子们哭个不停。(tolerate)To tell the truth, I cant tolerate children crying constantly.7. 这种疾病易在家族里遗传。(tendency)There is a tendency for this disease to run in families.8. 约翰总能蹦出奇思妙想。(novel)John can always come up with novel ideas.【答案】参考译文1.
25、他们刚进教室，上课铃就响了。(no sooner.than.)No sooner had they entered the classroom than the bell rang.2. 巴赫于1750年去世，但直到19世纪初他的音乐天赋才完全得到认可。(not until强调句型)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical talent was fully recognized.3. 老师试图让新来的那名学生融入这个班级。(integrate)The teacher tried
26、 to integrate the newcomer into the class.4. 总所周知，旅行和阅读都可以拓宽我们的视野。(broaden ones mind)As is know to all, travel and reading can both broaden our minds.5. 举办此次活动的目的是为对中国文化感兴趣的外国交换生提供一个交流的机会。(intention)We hold the activity with the intention of providing a chance for foreign exchange students who are i
27、nterestedin Chinese culture.6. 说实话，我忍受不了孩子们哭个不停。(tolerate)To tell the truth, I cant tolerate children crying constantly.7. 这种疾病易在家族里遗传。(tendency)There is a tendency for this disease to run in families.8. 约翰总能蹦出奇思妙想。(novel)John can always come up with novel ideas.【Part B】 技能提升练习一、 阅读七选五（2021西藏林芝一中高二期
28、中）Much meaning can be conveyed clearly with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak._1_ In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not for too long. And if he sensed that you are staring at him, he may feel uncomfortable.The same is true in our daily life. If you are stared at for more than
29、necessary, you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you. _2_ Eyes do speak, right?Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive. _3_ If a man stares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to look away from her, his intentions are obvious.
30、 He wishes to attract her attention and let her know that he is admiring her.However, when two persons are engaged in a conversation, the speaker will only look into the listeners eyes from time to time to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the former is speaking. _4_ If a speake
31、r looks at you continuously when speaking as if he trying to control you, you will feel awkward. A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim. He wrongly believes that looking straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication. _5_ _Actually, eye contact should be made ba
32、sed on specific relationship and situation.AOn the contrary, it will give him away.BDo you have such a kind of experience?CThats what normal eye contact is all about.DActually, continuous eye contact is limited to lovers only.EAfter all, everybody likes to be stared at for quite a long time.FBut thi
33、ngs are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex.GIf nothing goes wrong, you will feel annoyed at being stared at that way.【答案】BGFCA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了眼神交流的目的和意义，不同场合的眼神交流所传达的意思是不一样的，所以眼神交流要根据不同的关系和场合来进行。1. 根据下文“In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not for too long. And if he sense
34、d that you are staring at him, he may feel uncomfortable.”(在公交车上，你可以看着一个陌生人，但不要看太久。如果他感觉到你在盯着他看，他可能会觉得不舒服。)可知，此处是具体的例子说明眼神交流可能使人不舒服，B选项“Do you have such a kind of experience?”(你有这种经历吗？)与下句所描述的具体经历形成呼应关系，故选B。2. 根据上文“If you are stared at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down t
35、o see if there is anything wrong with you.”(如果你感觉被盯着看，且你认为这是完全没必要的，你会上下打量自己，看看自己是不是有什么问题。)可知，如果某人盯着你看，你会上下打量自己，看是否自己有问题，空处应该是对上文进行继续描述，G选项“If nothing goes wrong, you will feel annoyed at being stared at that way.”(如果你自身没有问题，你会因为这样被盯着而生气。)符合，承接上文，故选G。3. 根据下文“If a man stares at a woman for more than 1
36、0 seconds and refuses to look away from her, his intentions are obvious. He wishes to attract her attention and let her know that he is admiring her.”(如果一个男人盯着一个女人超过10秒钟，并且拒绝把目光从她身上移开，他的意图就很明显了。他希望引起她的注意，让她知道他在欣赏她。)可知，此处具体描述盯着异性看这种行为，是为了引起对方的注意，F选项“But things are different when it comes to staring a
37、t the opposite sex.”(但是当你盯着异性看的时候，事情就不一样了。)引起下文，其中“staring at the opposite sex.”和下文中的“man”和“woman”相呼应，故选F。4. 根据上文“However, when two persons are engaged in a conversation, the speaker will only look into the listeners eyes from time to time to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what th
38、e former is speaking”(然而，当两个人在谈话时，说话者只会时不时地看着听话者的眼睛，以确保听话者能关注自己的讲话。)可知，此句具体描述了正常的眼神交流所传达的意思，C选项“Thats what normal eye contact is all about.”(那就是正常的眼神交流。)承接上文，对上文进行总结，故选C。5. 根据上文“A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim. He wrongly believes that looking straight in the ey
39、e is a sign of honest communication.”(一个不会说谎的人，通常会盯着被骗的人看太久，从而暴露自己。他错误地认为直视对方是诚实交流的做法。)可知，不会说谎的人盯着被骗的人太久，这样会暴露自己，但是他却错误地认为直视对方是诚实交流的做法，空处应该描述不会说谎的人盯着被骗的人看太久这种行为所造成的真正后果，A选项“On the contrary, it will give him away.”(相反，这会暴露自己。)符合，承接上文，其中give him away(暴露自己)与上文中的expose himself(暴露自己)相呼应，故选A。二、 语法填空（2021浙
40、江诸暨高二期末）Taboos can be variousacross the world. A taboo is a social action 1. is not allowed in some culture. Often taboos are connected with religion. And usually they can include eating certain foods, relations between people, body language and gestures. The 2. (break) of a taboo is usually upsetti
41、ng and embarrassing for the person 3. (concern) and the people around him or her.When 4. (meet) with people from different cultures, it is important to know what you can and cannot do. Not knowing these differences, you might well make yourself 5. (embarrass) on some occasions. For example, if your
42、guest is from India, it is considered bad manners to offer a handshake 6. to give him something with your left hand. In North America and the UK, people greet one another 7. shaking hands. In Thailand and other parts of South-East Asia, the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands 8. (press) t
43、ogether. Japanese people may bow and even give out their business cards to greet others. They 9. (like) it when people do not look at the cards, so remember not to just put them in your pocket without looking.Strange as these different forms of greetings and customs might seem to you, remember that
44、what you consider normal 10. (probable) seems unusual to others.【答案】1. that / which2. breaking3. concerned4. meeting5. embarrassed6. or7. by8. pressed9. dislike10. probably【解析】这是一篇说明文。世界各地的禁忌是各不相同的，因此知道自己能做什么和不能做什么就很重要了。文章列举了不同文化中打招呼的方式。1. 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：禁忌是在某些文化中不被允许的一种社会行为。分析句子可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词为a so
45、cial action，指物，且关系词在定语从句中充当主语，因此要用关系代词that /which。故填that /which。2. 考查动名词。句意：禁忌的打破通常会使当事人及其周围的人感到不安和尴尬。根据定冠词The可知此处要用动名词，作主语。故填breaking。3. 考查形容词。句意：禁忌的打破通常会使当事人及其周围的人感到不安和尴尬。根据名词the person可知此处要用v-ed形式的形容词，作后置定语。故填concerned。4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当遇到来自不同文化的人时，知道自己能做什么和不能做什么是很重要的。meet的逻辑主语是you，两者之间是主动关系，可知此处要用现
46、在分词作时间状语。故填meeting。5. 考查形容词。句意：如果你不知道这些区别，在某些场合你很可能会让自己感到尴尬。根据make yourself 可知此处要用形容词作宾语补足语，修饰人用v-ed形式的形容词。故填embarrassed。6. 考查连词。句意：例如，如果你的客人来自印度，与他握手或用左手给他东西被认为是不礼貌的。根据to offer a handshake和to give him something with your left hand两者之间是选择的关系，可知此处要用连词or。故填or。7. 考查介词。句意：在北美和英国，人们互相握手问候。根据greet one ano
47、ther和 shaking hands可知此处表示方式，要用介词by，意为“通过”。故填by。8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在泰国和其他东南亚国家，正常的问候方式是双手合十，微微鞠躬。此处是with的复合结构，根据名词the hands 和press之间是被动关系，可知此处要用过去分词形式。故填pressed。9. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他们不喜欢别人不看名片，所以记住不要不看就把名片放进口袋里。此处是主句的谓语，主语为They，根据从句谓语do not look at可知时态是一般现在时，此处要用动词原形。故填dislike。10. 考查副词。句意：尽管这些不同形式的问候和习俗对你来说可能
48、很奇怪，但要记住，你认为正常的东西在别人看来可能很不寻常。修饰系动词seems，用副词。故填probably。三、 应用文写作（2021福建省龙岩第一中学高二阶段练习）假如你是李华，为了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年，你们学校举办了以“汉字之美”为主题的文化活动，请你邀请正在学习汉字的外国朋友Henry参加此次活动，帮助他学习汉字，了解中国文化。请你根据以下要点提示，用英文给你的朋友写一封邀请信。1.活动时间地点；2.活动内容，如观看汉字发展史电影，写古诗等。3.参加活动的好处及学习汉语的重要性注意：1. 120词左右；2. 适当增加信息，使行文连贯；3. 参考词汇：周年 anniversar
49、y 汉字 Chinese characterDear Henry, Yours，Li Hua【答案】One possible version：Dear Henry,In order to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China, our school has held a cultural activity themed The Beauty of Chinese Characters. Im glad to invite you to attend this activit
50、y.It will be held in the stadium, on Tuesday. There are a lot of events in the activity, including watching movies about the development history of Chinese characters and writing ancient poems and so on. Participating in this activity will make you more interested in the Chinese language.As is known to us all, the Chinese language is playing a very important role in the world. Learning it well will help us to have a better understanding of Chinese culture. Hope you can be present at this activity on time!Yours，Li Hua
