1、考点44 语法填空（一）高考频度：【考点解读】在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。【考点统计】20162020年高考新课标全国卷语法填空考点统计年份试卷类型体裁词数话题考点分布2020年新课标卷I说明文225中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。提示词7个61.时态 62. 副词 63. 定语从句 64.名词 65. 介词 66. 非谓语动词67.谓语动词68. 谓语动词 69.
2、 形容词70. 代词 新课标卷II说明文218介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意提示词7个61. 名词 62. 谓语动词63. 非谓语动词64. 65. 连词 66. 非谓语动词 67.副词 68. 非谓语动词 69.形容词 70. 冠词新课标卷III记叙文242一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。提示词7个61.定语从句 62. 形容词 63. 谓语动词64. 名词 65.状语从句 66. 谓语动词67. 非谓语动词68. 副词 69. 非
3、谓语动词70. 介词山东新高考卷I说明文226博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。提示词7个36.形容词 37. 连词38.谓语动词 39.定语从句 40. 谓语动词41.谓语动词 42.代词 43. 非谓语动词44. 名词45. 介词 2019年新课标卷I说明文185介绍了北极熊的生存现状提示词7个61.同位语从句 62. 副词用法63. 介词64. 非谓语动词65. 时态66. 名词67. 非谓语动词68. 形容词比较级69. 定冠词70. 主谓一致。新课标卷II记叙文195九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，她被颁发 “年度女士”称号。提示词7个61.非谓语动
4、词62.定语从句63.副词用法64.动词时态65.不定式作定语66.动词时态67.并列连词68.非谓语动词69.冠词用法70.形容词作表语新课标卷III记叙文180作者去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇。提示词7个61.副词62.不定式63.介词64.定语从句65.一般过去时66.名词67.形容词68.副词69.一般过去时的被动语态70.分词2018年新课标卷I 说明文 196跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿提示词7个61.副词的级 62. 不定式63.动名词64.时态65.比较句型66.定语从句67.名词数68. 词形变化69.词形变化。70.代词或名词新课标卷II 说明文
5、208 中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名人士的认可提示词7个61.时态62. 冠词63. 副词64. 非谓语动词65. 连词66. 词性转换67.词性转换68. 时态69. 定语从句70. 省略句新课标卷III 记叙文 193在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历提示词7个61.宾语从句62.冠词63.最高级64. 动词65. 非谓语66. 名词67. 动词短语68. 代词69. 时态70. 非谓语2017年新课标卷I 说明文 223低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响提示词7个61. 介词62. 名词的数63. 非谓语动词64. 谓语动词65. 冠词66. 比较级
6、67. 主谓一致68. 非谓语动词69. 形容词70. 定语从句新课标卷II 说明文201世界第一个地铁的形成和发展提示词7个61.名词的数62.介词63.非谓语动词64.冠词65.被动语态66.副词67.代词68. 时态69. 名词70. 形容词新课标卷III 说明文215 Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择。提示词7个61. 非谓语动词62. 冠词63.时态和语态64. 定语从句65. 非谓语动词66. 名词67. 名词的数68. 介词69. 动词时态70. 副词作为高考新题型的语法填空试题，近年高考英语该题型具有下面这些特点：文章以说明文和记叙文为主，文章长度控制
7、在190220词，10道题中，有67个试题给出提示词，要求考生；考查的要点分为词法和语法两部分，词法部分包括：1)词类的转换，结合语境考查给出的提示词的名词、形容词或副词变化；2)介词的固定搭配，名词的复数形式及运用；语法部分包括：时态和语态的综合运用，非谓语动词，各种从句等。 从近年课标卷的语法填空试题看，给出提示词的考点主要包括：词类的转换(名词与动词的转换，形容词与副词的转换）；形容词比较级与最高级的变化；名词单复数的变化；动词的时态语态、情态动词和虚拟语气、谓语动词与非谓语动词的变化等。给出提示词考点多为实词，所填写的词汇根据语境和短文或对话内容可以是13个单词。挖空分布均匀，考点的安
8、排注重多样化。不给提示词的考点主要包括：连词（并列连词和从属连词）、介词（动词与介词的搭配、介词与名词的搭配、代词和冠词等。【解题技巧】第一部分 有提示词题目的解题技巧有提示词题目是指使用括号中词语的正确形式填空这类题，近年来的高考题只考查谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、词类转化等四种情况。专题一谓语动词【考点】谓语时态主动被动一般现在时do/doesam/is/are done现在完成时have/has donehave/has been done现在进行时am/is/are doingam/is/are being done一般过去时didwas/were do
9、ne过去完成时had donehad been done过去进行时was/were doingwas/were being done一般将来时will dowill be done过去将来时would dowould be done【解题技巧】当句子缺少谓语动词时， 括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时，要根据语境确定用哪种时态，根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：确定句中是否缺谓语或并列谓语，如缺谓语动词，则填谓语动词。第二步：若为谓语动词，就要看主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系，以确定用主动语态还是被动语态，同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。
10、第三步：要注意主谓一致。1.He _(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.【解析】在主语He后， pretend显然是谓语动词；giving it(the tiger)a voice的主语应当是He, 因此， and giving与谓语动词是并列关系；由此推断，谓语动词应是过去进行时，故填was pretending。【答案】was pretending2.One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food i
11、n the kitchen. Suddenly, he _ (find) that he had run out of salt.【解析】在主语he后，find显然为谓语动词；由前面句意可知，此处为一般过去时，故填found。【答案】found3. I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car _(break) down near a remote village.【解析】在when后的分句中，my car是主语，其后的break应为谓语动词；由全文可知，这是叙述过去的经历，用一般过去时；再
12、说was / were doing. when.did.是一个固定句型，when后面的句子的谓语用一般过去时， 表示正在做某事， 就在这个时候突然发生了另外一事， 故填broke。【答案】broke专题二 非谓语动词【考点】非谓语(无时态，有语态)主动被动doingbeing donehaving donehave been doneto doto be doneto have doneto have been done【解题技巧】当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列，该动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。如作主语或宾语，就用动名词 (表一般意
13、义)或不定式形式(表具体意义)；作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，用不定式；作伴随状语或作定语，要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词或过去分词；有时也要根据句式搭配来确定，如see/hear/ notice sb.do/doing sth., spend.doing sth.等。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：若句中已有谓语，也不是作并列谓语时，应为非谓语动词。第二步：根据非谓语动词在句中所作句子成分、句式的特殊要求，或某些词语的特殊要求，确定用哪种非谓语动词形式。如作目的状语一般用不定式形式，作主语或宾语用ing形式或不定式，在enjoy, finish等动词后作宾语用ing形式，在decide, re
14、fuse等动词后作宾语要用不定式形式等等。 第三步：确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动还是被动关系。 第四步：根据非谓语动词的动作与谓语动词的动作发生的先后关系确定用一般式还是用完成式。1.I noticed a man _ (sit) at the front.【解析】句中已有谓语动词noticed，且sit前没有并列连词， 因此sit是非谓语动词；由固定句式notice sb. doing / do sth.(注意到某人在做/做了某事)可知填sitting或sit, 但根据文中提供的情境，不难推出作者注意到时，那个人是正坐在作者前面的，故填sitting更准确、更切实际、也更生动。【答案】s
15、itting2.In the beginning, there was only a very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always_(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.【解析】此句已有谓语added，并且没有并列连词，又因为everyone与think为主动关系，故用thinking作added的伴随状语。【答案】thinking
16、3.While she was getting me _(settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car.【解析】由settle sb. into.(使某人舒服地处于某处)可知，me与settle是被动关系，要用过去分词作宾补，故填settled，构成get宾语过去分词结构。句中getting me settled into.的意思是安排我住进。【答案】settled专题三 形容词和副词的比较级或最高级【考点】 形容词作定语，形容词和副词的比较等级或最高级，
17、词义比较等。【解题技巧】 当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境，理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通，就很可能填该词的比较级(或最高级)；若需要用与该词意义相反的词逻辑才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀。注意：要善于分析语境，辨别省略了than.的隐性比较级。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：分析结构，确定所给词在句子中作定语还是状语。第二步：根据结构、语境或句子意义确定是填比较级还是最高级。1.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing c
18、ould be _(sweet)【解析】用nothing 与an act of kindness and love 相对比，这里是用比较级的否定形式表示最高级。【答案】sweeter2. If he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little_ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in t
19、he class.【解析】此处仍需填形容词，结合上下文意思，任何人想看他可能会显得有点难，因为要转过头来。应填比较级harder。【答案】harder3.He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did grow _(high)【解析】此处grow表示become，为系动词，系动词后应用形容词作表语，而high本身就是形容词，无需作词类转换；由语境可知，比拔苗前更高了，故用high的比较级higher。【答案】higher专题四 词类转换【考点】词类转换多以
20、派生词变化为主：形容词副词widewidely形容词形容词比较级/最高级widewider/widest形容词名词widewidth形容词动词wide widen动词名词instruct instruction (s)特殊变性happy happily, simple simply， true truly, arrange arrangement，judge judgment【解题技巧】当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时，就需要词类转化。我们可据以下3条规则顺利解题：(1)作主语或宾语用名词形式；(2)作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形式；(3)修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，作状语，用副词形
21、式。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：分析结构，确定要填的词在句中充当哪种句子成分。在名词前作定语、在系动词后作表语、作主语和宾语的补足语，一般要用形容词；修饰动词、形容词或副词，或修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词；作主语或宾语用名词，或者在冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后，用名词。第二步：根据构词法将括号中的词变成所需要的词类。注意：1. 有时不但要注意词性转换，而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀， 其逻辑意义才通顺；2. 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时， 无需改变词性， 就可能是加只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀了。1.For some reason he sat beside Mary
22、. Mary felt_(please), because there were many empty seats in the room.【解析】felt为连系动词，后面要接形容词或分词作其表语，因此变成形容词性分词pleased。【答案】pleased2. Jane knew from past experience that her_(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.【解析】在that引导的宾语从句中作主语应当用名词，或者说，在形容词性物主代词后，一定是用名词形式，故填choice。【答案】choice3. He failed
23、 his maths examination because of his_(care) work.【解析】在名词前作定语， 要用形容词； 由failed.可知， 要填表示否定意义的careless(粗心大意的), 意义才通顺。【答案】careless4.In Alaska, the wolf almost _(appear) a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport.【解析】在句中作谓语， 应填谓语动词； appear本身就是动词， 无需作词性变化； 但是根据后文可知， 意思是狼在几年前就
24、差不多消失了， 故填与appear意义相反的disappear; 又由a few years ago可知， 要用一般过去式。【答案】disappear第二部分 无提示词题目的解题技巧无提示词题目指的是在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）这类题，五年来，这类题只考代词、冠词、关联词和介词。那么什么情况下填代词？何时填冠词？何时填关联词？ 何时填介词呢？专题一代词【考点】不定代词、指示代词和替代词的用法，it 的用法和人称代词的主格和宾格。人称代词(主格/宾格)反身代词名词性物主代词常考的不定代词指示代词I/memyselfmineother/anotherthis/thatyouyourself/
25、yourselvesyoursboth/neither/eitherhe/himhimselfhisall / noneshe/herherselfhersnothing/nobodythese/thoseititselfitseverything/everybodywe/usourselvesoursanything/anybodythey/themthemselvestheirssomething/somebody【解题技巧】当句子缺主语或宾语时，填代词：人称代词主格和宾格、指示代词或it。因为充当主语或宾语的应是名词或代词，而在语法填空的纯空格中一般是不要求考生填名词的，所以只要句子缺主
26、语或宾语，就填代词。此时，要根据前后语境，看该空格是指人还是事物，指男还是指女，是单数还是复数。除人称代词外，也有可能是填不定代词等。还有可能是填作形式主语或形式宾语的it，替代后面作真正的主语或宾语的不定式、动名词或从句。解题技巧如下：第一步：分析句子结构。若句子缺主语，则要填代词主格、指示代词、不定代词或it；若动词或介词后面缺宾语，则要填代词的宾格、指示代词、不定代词或it。如果该宾格与主语是同一人，应用反身代词。第二步：理解句子意思。根据各个代词的意义和用法，以及句子所需的意义，填入合适的代词。1.Behind him were other people to whom he was
27、trying to talk, but after some minutes _ walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.【解析】因but后的并列句中缺主语，应填代词； 根据语境，不难推断坐到我附近的应是他后面的那些人，即other people， 指人，是复数，作主语，应当填they。【答案】they2. I rose from my seat I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had an amazing conversation. He got off the bus befo
28、re me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home. Im glad I made a choice. It made _ of us feel good.【解析】此处作made的宾语，用代词，由上文We (I and the mentally disabled man) had an amazing conversation可知，指作者和那个智障人，故填both。【答案】both3.Do you need those glasses for medical reasons？.Then he took_ off, gave a big sm
29、ile and said, That is cool.【解析】空格处于动词took和介词off之间，该处缺宾语，指代前面的glasses。【答案】them专题二 限定词【考点】冠词、形容词性物主代词或作定语用的不定代词：冠词形容词性物主代词作定语用的代词a(一个)mysome (一些)youran(一个)hisanother (另一个)herthe(那个，这个)itsother (其他的)ourtheir【解题技巧】在作主语、宾语或表语的名词或形容词名词前，一般要用限定词。 限定词是指冠词、形容词性物主代词，或可以作定语的不定代词等。此时，要根据句子的意思来确定空格的语境意义，由此来判断具体填
30、什么词。如表示特指，大体相当于这、这些、那、那些时用the；表示一(个、本、座)时用不定冠词a或an；表示某人的，用物主代词；表示一些用some，表示另一个用another，表示其他的用other等。解题技巧如下：第一步：分析句子结构。若空格后的名词或者形容词名词前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、冠词等限定词时，很可能是填限定词。第二步：理解句子意思。根据所需意义选择恰当的限定语，如需一(个、座、次)填不定冠词，需某人的填物主代词，需其它的填other。1. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had_ amazing convers
31、ation.【解析】作宾语的名词amazing conversation前应填限定词；根据习惯搭配可知填不定冠词an，因为have a conversation 意为谈话。【答案】an2. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _ last row.【解析】last row为形容词名词前没有限定词，根据结构应该填限定词，the last.为固定搭配。【答案】the3. The head of the village was tying up his horse t
32、o my car to pull it to _small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage.【解析】作宾语的名词small town前应填限定语； 由句意可知， 此处指将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的一个小镇去修， 表示一个， 用不定冠词， small以辅音开头， 故填a。【答案】a专题三介词【考点】before在(时、空)之前across 横过、在上till 直到like 像after在(时、空)之后through 在中穿过for 表原因、目的to 表方向above在上面by 在旁边，乘船、车等behind在后面of
33、 表所属关系over 在正上方with 表伴随(具有)beside 在旁around 在周围under 在正下方at、in、on表时间、地点near附近up向上on 在表面between表在二者之间along沿着down向下 in 在里面among表在三者之间from 来自off 远as作为 beyond超出范围toward 朝、向【解题技巧】当空格后的名词、代词或动名词不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，填介词。因为名词和代词最典型的用法是作主语或宾语，既然不作主语和动词的宾语，就应是作介词的宾语了，所以要填介词。具体填什么介词，由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定，也可能是由动词或谓语与
34、介词的句式搭配来决定。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：若空格后是名词、代词、动名词或what从句，且他们不是作主语或作动词的宾语时，很可能就是填介词。第二步：根据具体的语境或空格所在的句子意思来确定填哪个介词。1. I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him _his own either.【解析】his own在句中不作主语， 也不作动词的宾语，就应是作介词的宾语，空格处应填介词；on ones own(alone)是固定搭配，所以填on。【答案】on2. The new boy loo
35、ked at the teacher _ a few seconds and all the other students wondered what the boy would do.【解析】a few seconds在句中不作主语，也不作动词的宾语，就应是作介词的宾语，空格处应填介词；表时间段应该用介词for。【答案】for3. The only reason a man would sell sale_ a lower price would be because he wait desperate for money.【解析】名词a low price 在句中不作主语，也不作动词的宾语
36、，应为介词的宾语，根据习惯搭配可知，用介词at。【答案】at专题四关联词【考点】定语从句关系代词who (主语)whom (宾语)that(主语/宾语)which(主语/宾语)whose(所有格)关系副词when(时间)where(地点)why(原因)how(方式)名词性从句连词that，if，whether连接代词that，which，who，whom，whose，as，what，whether连接副词when，why，where，how(ever)连词因果关系because, as, since, so转折关系though, but假设关系if, unless让步关系though, alt
37、hough时间关系when, while, as, before, after, until, since 结果关系so.that.，such.that.比较关系as.as.，than【解题技巧】当空格前后都是句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子)，且这两个句子之间没有关联词时，填关联词；若并列的两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，填表示联合、选择、转折等意义的连词(and/but/so/or)；从属句间常依据句子的属性是名词性从句、形容词性从句还是副词性从句来确定其关联词。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：分析结构，若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连接词，空格必填连接词(此处的连接词包
38、括并列连词，如：and, but, or, while, so, for等；引导状语从句的从属连词；引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词；引导名词性从句的连接代词、连接副词和连词that, if, whether)。第二步：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或根据句式结构来确定是并列结构还是某种主从复合句。第三步：若是主从复合句，要根据从句的特点，结合连词的意义和作用，确定填具体的某个连接词。1. Behind him were other people to _ he was trying to talk，.【解析】空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词， 应填关联词； 后面一句应当这样理解he
39、 was trying to talk to the people, 可见， 后面一句是定语从句， 先行词是people, 直接在介词后应用关系代词whom引导定语从句。【答案】whom2. _ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong.【解析】该处为两个简单句，应填关联词，根据句意可知为让步关系。【答案】Though/ Although3.The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other stude
40、nts wondered _ the boy would do.【解析】空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词， 应填关联词；该处缺宾语，what引导宾语从句。【答案】what专题五情态动词和助动词【考点】情态动词1can，will，shall，may，must，need情态动词2could，would，should，might 助动词1do，does，did 助动词2have，has，had【解题技巧】1若句子结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词，或强调谓语的do, does, did, 或构成部分倒装的助动词do，does，di
41、d等；2还要注意有可能是部分倒装，填助动词have，has，had与主语后的过去分词以构成完成时；3填it或that，以构成it is/ was.that.这个强调句型。1. Listen to these words from Darwin PKingsley: You have powers you never dreamed of. You can do things you never thought you _do. There are no limitations in what you can do except the limitations of your own mind.
42、【解析】因空格后的do是原形，而thought是一般过去时，所以空格处应当是填情态或助动词；又由前面You can do things和后文的you can do可以得到启示，此处也填can, 只不过用其过去式(由thought可知)，故填could。句意是你能做你(以前)从未想到过你能做的事。【答案】could2. I explained that while I didnt carry any cash, I_ happen to have a new blanket, and asked him if he could use it. He was thrilled.【解析】因谓语动词h
43、appen是原形，而前后语境的谓语动词都是过去式，时态不一致，所以此处应填情态动词或助动词；由句意我解释说， 虽然我没有带现金， 但我的确恰好有一张新毯子， 故填助动词did，对谓语动词进行强调。【答案】did题组一（2020年高考真题）Cloze 1（2020新课标I卷）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chines
44、e moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moons far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to
45、the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken bas
46、in. This really excites scientists, Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct) Data about the moons composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whet
47、her 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.Cloze 2（2020新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63
48、(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and me
49、ssages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68 (care) for and make great
50、presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.Cloze 3（2020新课标III卷）In ancient Chin
51、a lived an artist61 paintings were almost lifelike. The artists reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would63(choose), b
52、ut when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li Riverperhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65 he asked the villagers
53、on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silen
54、tly reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70 earth, Mother
55、Nature.Cloze 4（2020山东新高考卷）Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37 until they
56、 died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38 (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 40 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museums collection 41 (be
57、) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or 43(walk)through a rainforest
58、. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the citys Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 44 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 45peoples spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also w
59、elcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.题组二（2019年高考真题）Cloze 1（2019新课标I卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88,there is evidence _61_ they range all t
60、he way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modem methods _63_ tracking po
61、lar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _64_ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _65_ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _66_ (believe) that populations are increas
62、ing. Scientists have responded by _67_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are _68_ (high) than they actually are. Of _69_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70_ (be) stable, one
63、 is increasing, and nine lack enough data.Cloze 2（2019新课标II卷） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for _61_ (be)Britains oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfiel
64、d, _62_ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have _63_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene _64_(declare) she had no plans _65_ (retire) from her 36-year-old busines
65、s. Irene said，“I dont see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _66_(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, _67_ because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as
66、 to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We dont have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call _68_ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was _69_ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its _70_ (wonder).”Cloze 3（2019新课标III卷）阅读下
67、面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On our way to the house，it was raining _61_ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _62_ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _63_ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their maste
68、rs _64_ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _65_(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work，they invited u
69、s to local events and let us know of an interesting _66_(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many _67_(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were _68_ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we _69_(invite)to attend a private concert
70、on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，_70_ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.Cloze 3（2019浙江卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that t
71、hey belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody _56_ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears_57_ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the j
72、acket, there is a piece of cloth _58_gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or _59_ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can _60_ (easy) see them.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer _61_ this question is not clear. One study in America found that
73、 students grades _62_ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didnt want _63_ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no _64_(connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are _65_ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting t
74、o get rid of them. Some very good schools dont have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.题组三（2018年高考真题）Cloze 1（2018新课标I卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, ru
75、nners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running. While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at
76、 lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But
77、 otherwise its probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same
78、 benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try. Cloze 2（2018新课标II卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country _61_（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62_ past 25 years,
79、 while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _64_ (improve) water quality. Corn use
80、s less water _65_ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased _66_ (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _67_ (globe)fertilizer consumption. Th
81、e Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government _68_ (start) a soil-Clozeing program _69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide.
82、Chinas approach to protecting its environment while _70_ (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide. says the banks Juergen Voegele.Cloze 3（2018新课标III卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Im not sure _61_ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）th
83、at suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _62_ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the_63_(loud)of all. The no
84、ise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _64_(look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel_65_(challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. Im a _66_(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching _67_ th
85、ese three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _68_(they) alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal _69_(mean)me no real harm. He wa
86、s just saying: Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder! Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _70_ (stay)and watch.题组四（名校模拟题）Cloze 1(（2020重庆三模）)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The International Olympic Committee took the extraordinary step Tuesday of 1 (postpone) the 2020 Tokyo
87、 Games, which 2(schedule) to start on July 24, because of the coronavirus outbreak.Just how extraordinary was the step? This marks only the 3(four) time since the first modern Olympics in 1896 that the Games have been affected 4outside forces. The other three occasions were cancellations during the
88、first and second World Wars. So this is the first time the Olympics have been postponed, rather than5(cancel).“The Tokyo Olympics will still be held,” Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe told reporters in Tokyo after a call with International Olympic Committee President Thomas Bach on 6matter.The IOC
89、 later said in a 7(state) that the Games will be “rescheduled to a date beyond 2020 but not 8(late) than 2021!”This time around, its a pandemic(疫情), not a war, 9 is changing the Olympics schedule. The IOC said that “The leaders agreed that the Olympic Games in Tokyo could stand as a beacon of hope t
90、o the world during these times and that the Olympic flame could become the light at the end of the tunnel in which the world finds 10(it) at present.”Cloze 2(（2020上海交大附中月考）)This is not the end of meatIt is true that some Americans have had to adapt to some changes during the pandemic. Some slaughter
91、-houses shut down as the virus ran rampant through the workforce. One Tyson Foods pork-processing plant closed after more than 20% of 11 employees tested positive. Hundreds of Wendys locations were out of burgers. Grocery stores put limits on how much meat customers 12 buy. But while Eating Animals
92、author Jonathan Sarfran Fore took to the New York Times to declare, The end of meat is here, and others have noted the increased sales of plant-based meat products like Beyond Burgers, there is little evidence that any change in our eating habits will stick.13 history tells us is that Americans beco
93、me upset about meat only when production is shown to be unsanitary（不卫生的）, or when supply reduces and prices go up. In fact, meat is so central to the American diet that President Trump has sought to keep supermarket butcher cases full with far more urgency than he has approached other aspects of the
94、 pandemic. Not only did he issue an Executive Order 14 (consider) processors of beef, pork and poultry critical infrastructure, he also announced billions of dollars in relief for food producers, much of 15 will benefit industrial-meat companies. These actions are not surprising: if those cases were
95、 empty on his watch, it would mean he 16 (fail) to defend a fundamental, part of the countrys cultural structure.Of course, its not as if we didnt already have initiative 17 (reduce) our meat consumption. Its well documented that animals 18 (raise) for meat, dairy and eggs increase greenhouse-gas em
96、issions that cause climate change. And for years we were told to eat less red meat 19 links to heart disease, cancer and other health conditions. That produced a certain amount of change in the American diet, toward move chicken. But 20 1999 Gallup poll found that 6% of Americans identified as veget
97、arians. In 2018, that number was 5%.Cloze 3(（2020湖北蔡甸汉阳一中月考）)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 21（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 22 past 25 years, while rice has increased onl
98、y 7 percent.A taste for meat is 23 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 24 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 25 rice and creates
99、less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 26 (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 27 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds
100、 that between 2005when the government 28 (start) a soil-testing program 29 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environmen
101、t while 30 (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide. says the banks Juergen Voegele.Close 4（2020福清西山学校月考）The Language of LoveMusic is a universal language, which has the most powerful magic in the world. Music is a sweet language to show love to those
102、 who love us and those who 31(love) by us. Music is also a friendly language for unfamiliar people to show kindness. It is living everywhere and all the time in our daily life.I learned this while32 (take) care of a seagull unfortunate enough to swallow a hook. After calling the wildlife rescue cent
103、er and learning that all its33(vehicle) were out on other business, I carefully34 (wrap) (裹住) the wild bird in a towel and carried him to my friends car. The only way 35(keep) him calm was by singing. For 30 minutes, I sang36(soft) to the small creature until finally delivering (递送) him37those who c
104、ould help. Im not certain 38happened afterwards, but for that brief period, we two vastly different species connected, bridging 39 gap between us through songs.40doesnt matter whether there will be difficulties in communication，for love is always the theme of each piece of music.Close5（2019浙江江干杭州高级中
105、学月考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。When Frozen was released in 2013, it quickly became Disneys big hit. It inspired theme park rides and even a Broadway show. Despite Frozen 2 41 (come) six years after the original film, the sequel was able to bring in record numbers for Disney. It was also abl
106、e to add 42 the companys extraordinary year at the box office.Disney has had several blockbusters this year, like Avengers: Endgame, Toy Story 4 and The Lion King that have 43 (global) made more than $1 billion. In fact by July Disney 44 (set) the record for highest-grossing year for a studio ever.4
107、5 Disney shows to the world is that it once again continues to benefit a lot from 46 (it) 2019 strategy, Paul Dergarabedian, senior media analyst at Comscore, told Fox News. Dergarabedian added that the film was able to deliver family-friendly entertainment to 47 enthusiastic global audience on an a
108、dvantageous release date, 48 helped to strengthen Disneys position as the highest-grossing studio this year.The 49 (succeed) of Frozen 2 comes at the perfect time for Hollywood. The overall 2019 North American box office is down roughly 7% 50（compare）to the same point last year.题组一（2020年高考真题）Cloze 1
109、（2020新课标I卷）【答案】61touched62extremely63where64interest65than66to find67means68is constructed69much70its【解析】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。61.考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。62考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challengi
110、ng，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。63考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。64考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。65考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空
111、前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比更”。故填than。66考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。67考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。68考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。
112、分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。69考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。70考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。Cloze 2（2020新课标II卷）【答案】61celebration62carries63coming64than
113、65decorated66Certainly67with68to care69beautiful70the【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。61考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。62考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。63考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端
114、的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。64考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。65考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。66考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副
115、词形式做状语。故填Certainly。67考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与相联系。故填with。68考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。69考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。70考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。Cloze 3（2020新课标III卷）【答案】61wh
116、ose62finest63be chosen64curiosity65When/As66pointed67to find68gently69surrounding70On【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。61考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。62考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖
117、像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。63考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。64.考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。65考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着
118、河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。66考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。67考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。68考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在
119、水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。69考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。70考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。Cloze 4（2
120、020山东新高考卷）【答案】36wealthy37or38formed39which/that40are called41is42themselves 43walking44accuracy45for【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。36考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。37考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or:或
121、者。故填or。38考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。39考查定语从句。句意:例如，汉斯斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。40考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语
122、态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。41考查主谓一致。句意:通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语a small part of a museums collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。42考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
123、43考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。44考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。45考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete for，意为: “为了竞争”。故填for。题组二Cloze 1【语篇解读】
124、本文为科普文类说明文，介绍了北极熊的生存现状。 61. that【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。 62. poorly【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。 63. of/for【解析】考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，用of 连接，“methods of doing sth.
125、”,意为“的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。 64. to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。 65. have reported【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。 66. belief【解析】考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填bel
126、ief。 67. noting【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。 68. higher【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。 69. the【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。 70. are【解析】考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。Cloze2【语篇解读】本文为
127、记叙文。讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她被颁发 “年度女士”称号。61.being【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。62.which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。63.finally【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。64.dec
128、lared【解析】考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。65.to retire【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“的计划”，故填to retire。66.have made【解析】考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。67.but 【解析】考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：
129、我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是而是 ”之意，故填but。68.saying 【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。69.a【解析】考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。70.wonderful【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。Cloze 3【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历
130、以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。61.【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“sothat”意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。62.【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。63.【解析】考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of。64.【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主
131、人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。65.【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。66.【解析】考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。67.【解析】考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。68.【解析】考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词p
132、opular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。69.【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。70.【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting loca
133、ls为分词形式，故空格处填listening。Cloze4【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生穿校服的几个好处。56. has/will have【解析】考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。57.the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。58. that
134、/which 【解析】考查定语从句。这是个限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。59. cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。60. easily【解析】考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式。故填easily。61. to【解析】考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/an
135、swer to .这是固定搭配，“的答案是”。故填to。62. improved【解析】考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去式，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。63. to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，这是want的固定用法。故填to wear。64. connection/connections【解析】考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于
136、名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。65. traditional【解析】考查形容词。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿校服。are是系动词，其后常用形容词作表语，tradition是名词，“传统”的意思，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。题组三Cloze 1【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿。61. longer【解析】考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than
137、可知用比较级，故填longer。62. to see 【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。63.dying 【解析】考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。64.is 【解析】考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。故填is。65.than 【解析】考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的more effective可知此处填than。66.that
138、或which 【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。67.causes 【解析】考查名词复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。根据句意用复数形式。故填causes。68.strengthen 【解析】考查词形变化。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处to是不定式符合，其后用动词原形。故填strengthen。69.energetic 【解析】考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据its可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填energetic。70.it或running 【解析】考查代词或名词的
139、用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为：试试。此处it可以指running。故填it或running。Cloze 2【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名人士的认可。61. has grown 【解析】考查时态。since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown。62. the【解析】考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。63. actually 【解析】考查副词。句意：对肉的需
140、求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。64. to improve【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。65. than【解析】考查连词。句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知，填比较连词。故填than。66. pollution【解析】考查词性转换。句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。has decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填po
141、llution。67. global【解析】考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。68.started【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。69. that/which【解析】考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。70. feeding【解析】考查省略
142、句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。Cloze 3【文章大意】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。61. which/who 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which或者who。6
143、2. the【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。63. loudest【解析】考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。64. looking【解析】考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。65. challenged 【解析】考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。65. scientist【解析】考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学
144、家。67.for【解析】考查动词短语搭配。search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。68. them 【解析】考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。69. meant【解析】考查谓语动词。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。70. to stay【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。题组四 Cloze 1【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少
145、的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。61. as 考查介词。句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以身份”，故填as。62. effects 考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知“side effect”(副作用)有很多，故填effects。63. to process 考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物。require表示“要求”，require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)
146、。故填to process。64. are removed 考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。分析可知fat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，且是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。65. a 考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果”。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。66. worse 考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。67. is 考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填
147、is。68. eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词、动名词，所以填eating。69. careful 考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。70. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。Cloze 2【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。61.crowds考查名词，此
148、处表示复数概念，crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowds。62.from 考查介词，to and from来回，故填from。63.laying考查动词，这里是由and连接的三个动词-ing形式，故填laying。64.the考查名词，top是名词，前要用冠词，故填the.65.were used考查被动语态，此处表示过去的被动，故填were used。66.fairly 考查副词，这里fair是形容词，pleasant也是形容词，所以需要将fair变为副词来修饰形容词，故填fairly。67.it考查代词，这里用it指代前句的railway,故填it。68.managed 考查
149、动词，此处表示过去的情况，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed。69.introduction考查词性转换，空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction。70.successful考查形容词，空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful。Cloze 3【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。61. resting 考查非谓语动词。固定短语：spend time doing sth花费时间做某事。62. a 考查冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛
150、指 一个，故填a。63. was told / has been told 考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可判断出谓语动词应该用一般过去时或现在完成时的被动形式，又因主语Sarah是第三人称单数，故填was told / has been told。64. who 考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。65. to prove 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。66. education 考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。67. invitations 考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填i
151、nvitations。68. in 考查介词。in表示在某方面，获得某项学位 get a degree in。69. comes 考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。70. certainly 考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。Cloze 4【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在花园里拔胡萝卜时，找到了丢失已久的结婚戒指的故事。56. carrots 【解析】考查名词。根据a handful of 可知要用carrot的复数形式，故填carrots。57. shiny/shining 【解
152、析】考查形容词。a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining。58. so 【解析】考查固定结构。根据空后的loudly that her daughter came running from the house可知这里为sothat结构，意为如此以至于，故填so。59. myself 【解析】考查代词。主语为I，横线处为宾语，根据语境可知这里指她以为我弄伤了自己。故填myself。60. earlier 【解析】考查形容词。这里指早在十六年前，故填earlier。61. to cook 【解析】考查动词不定式。一个句子不能出现双重谓语，所以此处要用不定式作
153、目的状语。故填to cook。62. searched 【解析】考查动词时态。根据but turned up nothing可知这里是叙述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，故填searched。63. swept 【解析】考查动词。ring与sweep之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。故填swept。64. where 【解析】考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，定语从句中缺少地点状语，先行词为the garden，表示地点，故填关系副词where。65. a 【解析】考查冠词。wonder是可数名词的单数形式，且此处表示泛指，因此其前应加不定冠词a。故填a。题组四Cloze 1(（2
154、020重庆三模）)【答案】1postponing2were scheduled3fourth4by5canceled/cancelled6the7statement8later9that10itself【解析】本文是说明文。 讲述国际奥委会星期二因为冠状病毒爆发推迟了2020年东京奥运会。这是第一次奥运会推迟，而不是取消。1考查动名词。句意：因为新冠病毒爆发，国际奥委会(International Olympic Committee)周二采取了非同寻常的举措，推迟了原定于7月24日举行的2020年东京奥运会。分析句子可知，of是介词，故其后应用动名词结构作宾语。故填postponing。2考查
155、被动语态。句意：因为新冠病毒爆发，国际奥委会(International Olympic Committee)周二采取了非同寻常的举措，推迟了原定于7月24日举行的2020年东京奥运会。分析句子可知，此处是一个定语从句，which指代的是前文的the 2020 Tokyo Games在从句中作主语，且schedule与主语之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态。分析文章可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were scheduled。3考查序数词。句意：这是自1896年首届现代奥运会以来，奥运会第四次受到外部势力的影响。分析句子可知，此处指的是“第四次”，故应用序数词。故
156、填fourth。4考查介词。句意：这是自1896年第一届现代奥运会以来，奥运会第四次受到外部力量的影响。be affected by为固定搭配，意为“受影响”。故填by。5考查过去分词。句意：因此，这是奥运会第一次被推迟而不是被取消。分析句子可知，这是rather than 连接的两个平行结构，表示的是“这是奥运会第一次被推迟而不是被取消”，表被动，故应用过去分词形式。故填canceled/cancelled。6考查冠词。句意：日本首相安倍晋三(Shinzo Abe)在与国际奥委会主席巴赫(Thomas Bach)就此事进行电话会谈后告诉记者:“东京奥运会仍将举行”。分析句子可知，此处是特指上
157、文奥运会被推迟一事。故填the。7考查名词。句意：国际奥委会随后在一份声明中表示，奥运会将“重新安排到2020年以后，但不迟于2021年!”。不定冠词修饰单数名词，故填statement。8考查形容词比较级。句意：国际奥委会随后在一份声明中表示，奥运会将“重新安排到2020年以后，但不迟于2021年!”。由than可推断，用比较级，故填later。9考查强调句。句意：这一次，是一场疫情，而不是一场战争，改变了奥运会的日程安排。a pandemic(疫情), not a war, is changing the Olympics schedule是完整的句子，故此句考查强调句型，其构成形式是：i
158、t is/was +被强调成分+that+其他成分。故填that。10考查反身代词。句意：国际奥委会表示，“各国领导人一致认为，在这些时期，东京奥运会可以成为世界的希望灯塔，奥运圣火可以成为目前世界发现自己的隧道尽头的一盏明灯”。分析句子可知，此处的itself指的是the world，表示“世界发现自己”。故应用反身代词。故填itself。Cloze 2（2020宝山上海交大附中月考）【答案】11its12could13What14considering15which16had failed17to reduce18raised19because of20a【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章
159、说明了在疫情期间，美国人对肉类的消费发生了变化。11考查代词。句意：泰森食品(TysonFoods)的一家猪肉加工厂在超过20%的员工检测呈阳性后关闭。此处意思为“泰森食品(TysonFoods)的一家猪肉加工厂的员工”；One Tyson Foods pork-processing plant是单数名词，应用its指代。故填its。12考查情态动词。句意：杂货店对顾客可以买多少肉有限制。根据句意，此处用情态动词can表示允许，意思为“可以，能够”；根据上文“during the pandemic”，此处描述的是疫情期间的情况，应用can的过去式could。故填could。13考查主语从句引导
160、词。句意：历史告诉我们， 只有当生产证明是不卫生的或者当供应减少、价格上涨的时候，美国人才会对肉类感到不安。分析句子结构，“_history tells us”是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应用what引导主语从句，意思为“事情”。故填What。14考查非谓语动词。句意：他不仅发布了一项行政命令，考虑到牛肉、猪肉和家禽加工厂的关键基础设施。句子主语he和consider之间是逻辑上的主动关系；此处considering是现在分词作状语，表示补充说明。故填considering。15考查定语从句关系词。句意：他还宣布向食品生产商提供数十亿美元的救济，其中很多将惠及工业化的肉类公司。分析句子结构，“
161、much of _ will benefit industrial-meat companies” 是定语从句，先行词是billions of dollars，指物，在介词后应该用关系词which。故填which。16考查时态。句意：这些行为并不令人惊讶：如果在他任内，这些案例都是空白的，那就意味着他未能捍卫这个国家文化结构的一个基本组成部分。根据it would mean可知，此处是虚拟语气，表示对过去情况的假设，应该用过去完成时。故填had failed。17考查非谓语动词。句意：当然，这并不是说我们没有减少肉类消费的主动性。此处是短语have initiative to do“有做的主动
162、性”，后接不定式作后置定语。故填to reduce。18考查非谓语动词。句意：有充分的证据表明，为食用肉类、奶制品和蛋类而饲养的动物会增加温室气体排放，从而导致气候变化。animals和 raise之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词作定语。故填raised。19考查从属连词。句意：多年来，我们被告知要少吃红肉，因为红肉与心脏病、癌症和其他健康状况有关。“we were told to eat less red meat”是结果，“links to heart disease, cancer and other health conditions”是名词短语，表示原因，因此用because
163、of表示原因。故填because of。20考查冠词。句意：但1999年的盖洛普民意测验发现，6%的美国人认为自己是素食者。此处用不定冠词a表示数量，意思为“一次”；1999 Gallup poll的发音是以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。Cloze 3(（2020湖北蔡甸汉阳一中月考）)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 21（grow）more corn than rice. Corn prod
164、uction has jumped nearly 125 percent over 22 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 23 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corns rise: The government encourages farmers to grow co
165、rn instead of rice 24 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 25 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 26 (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 perc
166、ent of total 27 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government 28 (start) a soil-testing program 29 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(
167、排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. Chinas approach to protecting its environment while 30 (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide. says the banks Juergen Voegele.【答案】21has grown22the23actually24to improve 25than 26pollution27global 28started
168、29that/which30feeding【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名认识的认可。21考查时态。since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown。22考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。23考查副词。句意：对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。24考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语动词是en
169、courages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。25考查连词。句意：玉米比大米使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知，填比较连词。故填than。26考查词性转换。句意：这一转变减少了中国较大的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。has decreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。27考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。28考查谓语动词。句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when引导的定语从句，
170、由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。29考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。30考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。点睛： 两个破折号中间只有一个
171、定语从句，破折号中间的所有内容起到解释说明作用，本题中的是状语成分，when引导的是一个时间状语从句，状语从句中含有一个含空的定语从句。由于从句中须有一个谓语动词所以小题9看句意用过去时。 Close 4（2020福清西山学校月考）【答案】31are loved32taking33vehicles34wrapped35to keep36softly37to38what39the40It【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。音乐是通用语言，作者讲述了自己和一直受伤的海鸥之间是如何用音乐沟通的。31考查动词时态和语态。句意：音乐是向爱我们的人和被我们爱的人示爱的甜蜜的语言。根据本空的上下语境可知，此处应用一般
172、现在时；根据空后by us可知，此处指“被我们爱的人”，应用被动语态。故填are loved。32考查非谓语动词。句意：我学到以上这些是在我照看一只不够走运吞了挂钩的海鸥期间。此处take要用非谓语动词格式，它的逻辑主语是I，与I构成主动关系，还原完整的主谓结构应为“while I was taking care of ”, 其省略形式为“while taking care of”。故填taking。33考查名词复数。句意：我给野生动物救援中心打了电话，得知那里所有的车辆都出去办别的事了，就用毛巾把这只野鸟小心翼翼地包好，送到我朋友的车上。根据该空前面的all和后面were可知，此处vehic
173、le要用复数形式。故填vehicles。34考查动词时态。句意同上。整个事情都是对已发生的事情的描述，所以wrap要用一般过去时，这个单词为闭音节单词，后加ed时，需双写p。故填wrapped。35考查非谓语动词。句意：让他保持冷静的唯一方法是唱歌。the way to do sth .“做某事的方法”，为固定用法。故填to keep。36考查副词。句意：足足有30分钟，我轻声地对着这个小家伙唱歌，直到最后把它送到那些能够帮的上忙的人手中。修饰动词sang，要用soft的副词形式。故填softly。37考查介词。句意同上。根据语境，作者是把海鸥交付给能够帮忙的人。短语deliver somet
174、hing to somebody“送某物给某人”。故填to。38考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我不确定后来发生了什么，但在那短暂的一段时间里，我们两个截然不同的物种联系在了一起，通过歌声拉近了我们之间的距离。此处为宾语从句，从句缺主语，应用what引导，指代“发生的事情”。故填what。39考查冠词。句意同上。此处特指“我们之间的距离”，应使用定冠词。故填the。40考查形式主语。句意：有没有沟通上的困难并不重要，因为爱永远是每一首音乐的主题。根据句子结构whether there will be difficulties in communication为本句的主语，该句置于句末，则用形式主语i
175、t代替，放于句首。故填It。Close5（2019浙江江干杭州高级中学月考）【答案】41coming42to43globally44had set45What46its47an48which49success50compared【解析】【分析】本文是新闻报道。介绍了2013年上映的冰雪奇缘大获成功，尽管冰雪奇缘2在第一部上映6年后上映，但它还是为迪士尼带来了创纪录的票房。41考查独立主格。句意：尽管冰雪奇缘2在第一部上映6年后上映，续集还是为迪士尼带来了创纪录的票房。两分句间无连词，因此考虑用独立主格结构，Frozen 2与come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表示主动，故填coming。
176、42考查固定短语。句意：该片还为该公司今年非凡的票房业绩锦上添花。add to表示“增加、加到，为固定短语。故填to。43考查副词。句意：迪士尼今年已经有好几部大片，像复仇者：终局、玩具总动员4和狮子王，全球票房超过10亿美元。此处用副词globally（全球地）作状语，修饰动词made。故填globally。44考查时态。句意：事实上，到了7月份，迪士尼已经创下了有史以来票房收入最高的一年。此处缺少谓语动词，本文讲述的是过去的事情，又由时间状语“by July”可知此处表示的是“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时（had done）。故填had set。45考查主语从句。句意：“迪士尼向世界展示的
177、是，它再次继续从它的2019年战略中获益良多，”康姆斯克高级媒体分析师保罗德加拉贝迪安对福克斯新闻表示。此处为主语从句，连接词在从句中作shows的宾语，意为“东西”，应用连接代词what，首字母大写。故填What。46考查代词。句意同上，修饰名词2019 strategy用形容词性物主代词。故填its。47考查冠词。句意：德加拉贝迪安补充说，这部电影能够在有利的上映日期向一群热情的全球观众提供家庭友好的娱乐节目，这有助于巩固迪士尼作为今年票房最高的制片厂的地位。表示“具体的观众群体”时，audience常视为可数名词， 此处泛指“一群热情的全球观众”，enthusiastic的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。48考查非限定性定语从句。句意同上，此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面整个主句内容并在从句中作主语。故填which。49考查名词。句意：冰雪奇缘2的成功恰逢好莱坞的最佳时机。此处用名词作主语，特指“冰雪奇缘2的成功”，用可数名词单数，故填success。50考查非谓语动词。句意：与去年同期相比，2019年北美总票房下降约7%。本句已有谓语is，y此处使用非谓语形式，The overall 2019 North American box office与compare之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作状语。故填compared。
