1、宾语从句和表语从句仔细观察下列句子，并注意画线部分的用法。He thought (that) there was something wrong with the washing machine. 他认为那台洗衣机出问题了。You can only be sure of what you have at present; you cannot be sure of something you might get in the future. 你只能确定你目前所拥有的,你不能保证你将来可能会获得的东西。The trouble is that we are short of money. 问题是我
2、们缺钱。The milk smells as if it has gone bad. 牛奶闻起来似乎坏了。【自我归纳】用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句，在句中可以作及物动词或介词的宾语。在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句，表语从句位于be动词或连系动词之后。宾语从句和表语从句都要使用陈述语序。一、宾语从句1. 引导宾语从句的词：连接词：that, whether, if连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whoever. 连接副词：where, when, how, whyI want to know what he has told you. 我想知
3、道他告诉了你什么。 She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样才能把工作做好。She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡是需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。2. 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但若从句是并列句时，第二个及后面分句前的that不可以省略。The report shows (that) we are making some progress but that we need to make great
4、er efforts. 这份报告表明我们正在取得一些进步,但还需要做出更大的努力。3. whether和if的意思为“是否”，一般情况下，二者都可以引导宾语从句；但是在介词之后的宾语从句通常只能用whether引导；另外，从句后有“or not”或后接动词不定式时，也只能用whether引导。David asked her if/whether she slept well last night. 大卫问她昨天晚上是否睡得好。They are worrying about whether they can get there in time. 他们正在担心是否能及时到达那儿。I cant de
5、cide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否要留下。4. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。另外appreciate, love, like, dislike, hate等动词由于其后的宾语只能为“物”，不能为“人”，其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it作形式宾语。He has made it clear that he will not give in. 他清楚地表明他不会屈服。I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 如果你
6、能帮助我做这件事,我将不胜感激。二、表语从句 1. 引导表语从句的词:连接词：that, whether, because, as if连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whoever . 连接副词：where, when, how, whyThats just what I want. 这正是我想要的。This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去要下雨了。2. that在引导表语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但是通
7、常不省略。The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。3. 在引导表语从句时通常只能使用whether，意为“是否”，不能使用if。The question is whether she can arrive at the hotel on time. 问题是她是否能按时到达旅馆。4. 主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导，而不是because或why。The reason why he was late was that he got caught in a traffic jam on the way. 他迟到的原因
8、是在路上遇到了交通堵塞。表语从句是在复合句中充当表语的从句，通常放在句子的系动词后面。引导表语从句的关联词有三类：从属连词that，从属连词whether，连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等和连接副词where, when, how, why。注意表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。而以The reason作主语，构成“The reason be+表语从句”时，只能用that来引导表语从句。【跟踪练习】I. 用适当的连词填空。1. Catherine said she had never been to Guangzhou. 2. This is w
9、e should do. 3. I dont know they have passed the exam. 4. His first question was Mr Smith had arrived yet. 5. What the police want to know is you entered the room. 6. Linda said she met her old friend yesterday by accident. 7. I can make more money, you know. Thats I want you to work there. 8. I har
10、dly understand he has told me. 9. Do you remember he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. 10. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see it is. 11. Little Tommy was unwilling to tell the schoolmaster he had done the day before. 12. What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the seriou
11、s disease soon. II. 翻译句子。1. 他说晚上有一个会议。_2. 班长总是乐于帮助任何需要他帮助的人。_3. 我不知道今天早晨珍妮为什么迟到。_4. 你头疼得厉害，那是因为你太累了。_5. 约翰说他星期三要去伦敦。_III. 完成句子。1. Lets make a b on the result of the American election. 2. The poet wanted to w about those countries to enjoy the attractive scenery. 3. If time p, Id like to go with you
12、to watch the football game. 4. I met an old friend by a on the train. 5. My parents couldnt afford my p to America. 6. I can s you out wherever you hide yourself. 7. Shes a lively young girl with p. She never does anything in a hurry. 8. He is not a bad person. On the c, he is nice and friendly. 9.
13、I was born in Beijing, so Beijing is my b. 10. It is well known that Yu Qiuyu is an outstanding a. 【答案】I. 1. that/不填 2. what 3. if/whether 4. whether 5. when/how 6. that/不填7. why 8. what 9. how 10. who 11. what 12. whether【解析】本题主要考查宾语从句和表语从句引导词的用法。II. 【解析】本题主要考查宾语从句和表语从句的运用。III.1. bet 2. wander 3. permits 4. accident 5. passage6. seek 7. patience 8. contrary 9. birthplace 10. author【解析】本题主要考查本单元重点词汇和固定搭配的用法。版权所有：高考资源网()
