1、核心素养测评 二十八选修6 Unit 3A healthy life(限时35分钟). 阅读理解ASally Dawly is a woman from Auburn, California. Over the last three and a half years, the anti-littering woman has spent most of her free time picking up cigarette butts (烟头) from the streets of her home city. Called the “Butt Lady” by her local commu
2、nity, Dawly began her mission to rid the streets of her city of cigarette butts in October, 2014. The woman looked for cigarette butts, picked them up and threw them in the trash. To keep a count of how many butts she picks up, the Butt Lady has been using a tablet, and earlier this month, she hit a
3、 historic milestoneone million cigarette butts. “I got tired of going on my walks and seeing cigarette butts everywhere, ” Sally Dawly said. “Im just shocked that I had to pick up so many. Ive ever picked up 3, 000 butts in one day, ” she said. “Dont throw away your butts; better yet, stop smoking.
4、”With so many cigarette butts littering the streets, can one persons efforts really make a difference? Surprisingly, the answer seems to be yes. Soon after the Butt Lady of Auburn started her mission and word of her efforts spread, cigarette cans started appearing around bars and restaurants in the
5、city. Members of the local community even came out to cheer her on as she approached her one-million-butt milestone. Sally knows her citys cigarette butt littering problem wont be solved anytime soon, but she hopes her work will inspire people to at least think twice before dropping cigarette butts
6、in the streets. She has decided to continue cleaning up after irresponsible smokers, and already has a new milestone in her sightstwo million cigarette butts. Word of the Butt Ladys efforts to keep the streets cigarette butt-free has reached neighboring communities as well, and CBS Sacramento report
7、s that other cities have started seeking her help as well. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。在美国加利福尼亚州有这样一位“烟头女士”, 她利用业余时间捡拾烟头, 并在最近捡到了第100万个烟头!1. Why does Sally Dawly carry a tablet with her while picking up the butts?A. To entertain the crowds. B. To monitor the smokers. C. To attract peoples attention. D. To record
8、 the number of butts. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段中To keep a count of how many butts she picks up, the Butt Lady has been using a tablet一句可知为了记录自己捡到的烟头数量, the Butt Lady带了平板电脑。故选D。2. How did Sally Dawly feel when picking up cigarette butts?A. Excited but upset. B. Shocked and sorry. C. Frightened but content. D
9、. Astonished and desperate. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知Sally很厌烦看到这么多烟头, 她对捡起来这么多数量的烟头感到震惊, 并且劝告大家最好不要吸烟。因此她的感受应该是“震惊和难过的”。故选B项。3. From the text, what can be inferred about Sally Dawly?A. She picks up nearly 3, 000 cigarette butts every day. B. She will work in other cities in California in the future. C.
10、 She has set a new goal of picking up two million cigarette butts. D. She picked up one million cigarette butts with members of her community. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段and already has a new milestone in her sights-two million cigarette butts可知C项正确。【知识拓展】易错警示根据第三段. . . Ive ever picked up 3, 000 butts in o
11、ne day. . . 可知A项错误;根据最后一段可知Sally的行动影响了邻近的城市, 但并不是她要去邻近的城市工作, 故B项错误;根据倒数第三段Members of the local community even came out to cheer her on. . . 可知D项错误。故选C。4. What is the text mainly about?A. Californias “Butt Lady”. B. Fighting against smoking. C. Californias health problems. D. Smoking problems in Cali
12、fornia. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文讲了来自加利福尼亚州的一位女士在业余时间捡起了一百万个烟头, 并且获得了“烟头女士”的称号的故事, 故A项最恰当。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. mission n. 任务2. milestone n. 里程碑长难句分析Sally knows her citys cigarette butt littering problem wont be solved anytime soon, but she hopes her work will inspire people to at least think twice before dropping cig
13、arette butts in the streets. 分析: 本句是一个复合句。but是并列连词, 前后是分句。分句中都含有宾语从句。翻译: 萨莉知道城市乱扔烟头的问题不会很快解决。但是她希望她的工作至少能激励人们在往街道上扔烟头之前要三思而后行。BFor some people, walking or running outdoors is a great way to work out. What may not be so pleasant is seeing trash all over the ground. Well, some people are doing somethi
14、ng about it. They are plogging!“Plogging” began in Sweden. The name combines the Swedish word “plocka”, which means to pick up, and the word “jogging”, which means to run slowly. A Swedish man named Erik, started the movement in 2016. On the World Environment Day website, Erik says that he moved to
15、Stockholm from a small community in northern Sweden. Each day he would ride his bike to work. Concerned about the amount of trash and litter he saw each day on his way to work, he took matters into his own hands. Plogging, by that term, may have officially begun in Sweden. But many people who exerci
16、se outdoors have been doing this for years. Take Jeff Horowitz for example. He is a personal trainer in Washington, D. C. He often picks up trash while running outside. He even has turned it into a game; he will try to pick up the trash without stopping. “I didnt know it was a thing really. This is
17、just my personal ethics (道德标准), where I go for a run and if I happen to see a piece of garbage lying around and its within reach it is a kind of a little test for me to see if I can grab it and throw it in a near trash can without stopping. And that way, I think, it gives me a little exercise and a
18、little focus for my run. And it helps clean up the neighborhood, ” he announced. Today, plogging is an official activity, one that is becoming increasingly popular. Cities around the world now hold plogging events, “I would just hope people would think twice before dropping garbage on the ground. We
19、 have containers on every block. So, its easy to put your garbage in the trash cans. I just think people should think about it a little bit more. I do hope one day there will not be a need for plogging. ” said an interviewee. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。Plogging(拾荒慢跑)是全球正在流行的健身方式, 不仅让你的锻炼更高效, 而且有助于美化身边的环境, 保持环境清洁
20、。5. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “took matters into his own hands”?A. called on people to join himB. appealed to people to go greenC. began to pick up the trashD. had the collected trash recycled【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段划线部分前的句子Concerned about the amount of trash and litter he s
21、aw each day on his way to work可知他在上班路上很担心那些大量的垃圾, 因此可推测下文应该是他于是开始捡这些垃圾。故划线部分短语的意思为“开始捡垃圾”。故选C。6. Like Jeff Horowitz, plogging to many people has become a(n) _act. A. automatic B. irresistibleC. arbitraryD. temporary【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段This is just my personal ethics可知Jeff Horowitz拾荒慢跑只是出于个人的道德标准, 即是自发
22、性的, 因此可推理和Jeff Horowitz一样, 拾荒慢跑对于很多人来说已经成为了一种自发行为。故选A。7. What is the idea that plogging events are meant to promote?A. Jogging is truly beneficial. B. Trash cans should be within reach. C. Littering is not acceptable. D. Communities should be kept clean. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由最后一段I would just hope people wo
23、uld think twice before dropping garbage on the ground. 可知拾荒慢跑者提出只希望人们在往地上扔垃圾前三思。即拾荒慢跑旨在促进乱丢垃圾是不可接受的这一想法, 故选C。8. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. New Exercise Enjoys Unbelievable PopularityB. New Exercise Trend Also Helps EnvironmentC. Plogginga Fashionable Way to Clear WasteD. Ploggin
24、gan Exercise Originating in Sweden【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据最后一段Today, plogging is an official activity, one that is becoming increasingly popular. 如今, 拾荒慢跑已成为一项官方活动, 而且越来越受欢迎。结合文章主要内容为拾荒慢跑这种新的运动趋势不仅能使锻炼高效, 同时可以有助于保护环境。故选B。 【知识拓展】 佳词积累1. officially adv. 官方地;正式地2. increasingly adv. 越来越多地背景链接近日在国外社交媒体平台上流行一种叫“Pl
25、ogging”的运动。“Plogging”(拾荒慢跑)一词由瑞典语“捡垃圾”(plocka)和英语单词“慢跑”(jogging)组合而成, 活动参与者在跑步时带上垃圾袋, 在慢跑过程中清理行进路线中的垃圾, 达到健身和保护环境的双重目的。. 阅读填句Cold weather during winter months may keep many people from leaving home and running in the open air. However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason
26、to run. 1Many people say running in winter can be difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and bitter winds. 2That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate and the bodys dehydration (脱水) levels are lower than in warmer condit
27、ions. 3This information comes from John Brewer, who is a professor of applied sport science at St. Marys. For this study, he and other researchers put a group of people into a room they called an “environmental chamber”. The researchers then recreated summer and winter weather conditions in the room
28、. 4Brewer says he and his team recorded biological measurements of the runners. He says that the most important thing for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. Wear gloves on your hands. 5And especially wear more than one layer of clothing to keep sweat away from your skin
29、. A. We have good reasons to run in winter. B. Wear shoes that will keep you from falling. C. Many feel nervous when running in the cold weather. D. The body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather. E. In fact, running in cold weather helps improve ones performance. F. The test subjects
30、were asked to run 10, 000 meters under both conditions. G. Yet many runners might find it easier than running in hot weather. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。寒冷的天气会阻止很多人跑步。研究人员通过研究发现在寒冷的冬天跑步要比夏天更能够提高人们的身体机能。1. 【解析】选E。根据上文However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. “然而, 一项新研究表明, 气
31、温下降是跑步的绝佳时机”。E项“实际上, 在寒冷的天气中跑步有利于改善身体机能”, 切题。故选E。2. 【解析】选G。根据下文的内容“这是因为低温环境能够降低身体的压力, 与温暖的环境相比, 在寒冷的天气跑步, 你的心率和身体的脱水程度更低”。可知, 冬天跑步比夏天容易。G项“然而, 还有许多跑步者发现严冬时节跑步比炎夏季节更容易”, 符合题意, 故选G。3. 【解析】选D。根据上一句“在寒冷的天气跑步, 你的心率和身体的脱水程度更低”。 D项“与温暖的天气相比, 寒冷的天气身体需要的水更少”, 故选D。4. 【解析】选F。根据上文“研究人员在房间里模拟夏天和冬天的环境”。F项“他们要求受试者
32、在两种环境(冬天和夏天)下跑完10, 000米”符合题意, 故选F。5. 【解析】选B。通读本段可知, 本段主要叙述对在寒冷环境下跑步的人来说, 最重要的是穿着。分析选项可知B项“穿上防滑鞋子以免摔倒”与其意义一致。故选B。. 应用文写作假定你是李华, 你的美国外教Tom 在你校任教期间, 帮助学校组建了英语俱乐部, 增强了英语学习的氛围。现在, 他三年任期已满并准备回国。请你代表学校给他写一封信, 内容包括: 1. 对其所作工作表示感谢;2. 表达继续保持联系的愿望;3. 欢迎他再次来中国。注意: 1. 词数 80 左右;2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;3. 开头和结尾已给出。Dea
33、r Tom, _Yours truly, Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Tom, Im writing on behalf of our school to extend our sincere gratitude for your productive work in the past three years. It is you who have helped set up the English club of our school and encouraged many students to communicate in English bravely. Most important of all, you have greatly enhanced the English learning atmosphere among us students. We are sorry to say goodbye for the moment, but we really hope to stay connected with you. Looking forward to the future reunion with you. Best wishes!Yours truly, Li Hua
