1、完形填空专题精讲课前准备，课后巩固词汇，深度消化。完形填空选项拓展复习：包括一词多义、近义词、派生词、注意不规则变化等！（2019年全国卷I完形填空选项词汇及拓展）题号词性选项词汇转化派生注意事项41动词keep“保留”；mix“混和connect“联结”；bring带来mixture, connection kept, brought42名词crowd“人群”；story“故事”；building“建筑物”；reporter“记者”reporterbuilt43名词face“面貌，外观特征”；position“位置”；age“年龄，时代”；name“名称，名字”age变老, face面对,n
2、ame命名44形容词silent沉默的, skeptical怀疑的, serious严肃的, crazy疯狂的silence, silentlyskeptically, seriously, crazily, craziness45动词discover “发现”；argue“争论”；decide“决定”；advocate“提倡，主张”discovery, argument,decision, advocator 46名词camp“营地”；grass“草地”；equipment“设备”；stone“石块”equipment, grass不可数；equipped47形容词remote“偏远的”；q
3、uiet“安静的”；tall“高的”；clean“干净的”clean vt.清洁，打扫48形容词new“新的”；special“特别的，格外的”；significant“有重大意义的，重大的”；necessary“必要的”newly, specially significantly, significance, necessarily, necessity 49动词短语pay off“奏效，取得成功”；spread out“伸展，散开”；blow up“爆炸”；fade away“逐渐消失”pay-paid-paidspread-spread-spreadblow-blew-blown50名词
4、atmosphere“气氛，experience“体验”；experiment“实验”；sight“视力，景物”experiencevt.体验；经历；n.经验（U）；经历(C)experienced有经验的51动词study“研究”；observe“观察”；explore“探索”；regard“认为”study学习；书房regard问候regardas把看作be regarded as被看作52名词view“观点”；quality“质量”；reason“原因”；purpose“目的”view景色；看作viewas把看作on purpose故意53名词scientist“科学家”；climber
5、“登山者”；local“当地人”；official“官员”local当地的54动词短语hold on to“保住”；go back to“追溯到”；live up to“不辜负”；give way to“被代替”55动词change“变化”；clear“放晴”；improve“改善，提高”；permit“许可，允许”change n.变化clear 清晰的improvementpermissionenvelope n.信封；封袋vt.封住；笼罩56动词match“相配”；imagine“想象”；count“数数”；add“增加”match n.火柴；比赛imaginationimaginati
6、veimaginarycountable57名词village“村庄”；desert“沙漠”；road“道路”；lake“湖泊”villager村民58副词obviously“明显地”；easily“容易地”；consequently“结果”；finally“最后，终于”consequently=as a result/ consequence;finally=eventually=at last59形容词permanent“永久的，永恒的”；little“小的”；fresh“新鲜的”；artificial“人造的，人工的”little-less-least60动词enjoy“享受的乐趣”；d
7、eserve“值得”；save“节省，保存”；acquire“获得”enjoyablesave救完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分） （2019年全国卷I完形填空）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in AfricaThey 41 with them lots of waste The 42 might damage the beauty of the place T
8、he glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the 43 of KilimanjaroHearing these stories, Im 44 about the place other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiencesHowever, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish I find a 47 mountain, w
9、ith toilets at camps and along the paths The environmental challenges are 48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isnt reaching the top Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures This 52 is especially evid
10、ent on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers At the base is a rainforest It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low growing plants Further up, the weather 55 low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass I 56 twelve sha
11、des of green from where I stand Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 ： gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappearDoes Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of p
12、eace？I found the opposite to be true41 A keepB mixC connect D bring 42 A stories B buildings C crowds D reporters43 A positionB ageC face D name 44 A silentB skeptical C serious D crazy45 A discoverB argueC decide D advocate 46 A equipment B grass C camps D stones47 A remote B quiet C all D clean48
13、A newB special C significant D necessary49 A paying off B spreading out C blowing up D fading away50 A atmosphere B experience C experiment D sight51 A studied B observed C explored D regarded52 A viewB quality C reasonD purpose53 A scientists B climbers C localsD officials54 A holding on to B going
14、 back to C living up to D giving way to55 A changes B clearsC improvesD permits56 A match B imagine C count D add57 A village B desert C roadD lake58 A Obviously B Easily C Consequently D Finally59 A permanent B littleC freshD artificial60 A enjoy B deserve C saveD acquire填写下表：熟词性、找联系、合语境。（可用图解法展示该表
15、，圈注答案的根据，直观易懂。）体裁：夹叙夹议文 题材：环境保护 主题：保护乞力马扎罗山大意：文章围绕人与自然的主题，讲述了乞力马扎罗山环境遭到破坏的现状，同时也介绍了它独特的生态系统，旨在呼吁人们去保护这一奇观。题号词性答案，命题点联系及启示（段间、句间及句内联系；搭配要考虑语境，特别要注意一词多义在具体语境的灵活运用！）错选原因：请在错题处标明序号41动词D. bring句内联系：bring with them lots of waste单词不懂；不明文意；技巧不熟；粗心大意；圈错关键词；没有区分选项中词汇的感情色彩和使用范围；以个人理解代替文中作者意图，认为另一个选项也可以。42名词C.
16、crowds句间联系：about 40,000 people；首尾呼应：crowded43名词C. face句间联系：damage the beauty of the place44形容词B. skeptical段间联系：首段damage the beauty of the place；本段：other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences45动词A. discover段间联系：注意However表转折，不久我就发现46名词B. camps句间联系：with toilets at camps and along th
17、e paths47形容词C. clean句间及段间联系：形成对比，说明乞力马扎罗山营地的变化48形容词D. significant句内联系：but起作用，此处指环境的挑战是巨大的。49动词短语A. paying off句内联系：但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎取得成效50名词B. experience句间及段间联系：乞力马扎罗山最好的体验不是到达顶峰。词汇复现上一段：other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiencesD选项sight“景物”为较强干扰项。51动词C. regarded句内联系与搭配：be regard
18、ed as山被认为是精神之所在52名词A. view句间联系：承接上句，view译为“观点”而不是“景色”！53名词B. climbers句间及段间联系：结合本段末句的climb和首段climb54动词短语C. giving way to句内及句间联系，考查固搭在具体语境的灵活运用：乞力马扎罗山的底部是一片热带雨林，它在海拔3 000米的地方突然中断，取而代之的是低矮的植物。55动词A. changes句内及句间联系：上山天气变化56动词B. count句内联系：twelve shades57名词C. desert句内联系，结合常识： the highland 57 ： gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks58副词D. Finally句间联系：句子之间的衔接关系59形容词A. permanent句内联系：永久积雪60动词B. deserve句内联系，结合文章大意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，络绎不绝的游客正在破坏和平的氛围，它值得这样赞誉吗？enjoy“享受的乐趣”，指好的事情；acquire“获得”，多指获取知识和技能之类。
