1、高考题型分组训练阅读理解板块训练重细节，练速度(限时：25分钟).阅读理解A(2018河南郑州第二次质量检测)Eight years before his death in 1896, Alfred Nobel was surprised to read an obituary(讣告) in the local newspaper. This was a strange obituary, for it told Alfred Nobel, the man who was reading it, that he was dead. The newspaper had confused Alfr
2、ed with his brother, Ludwig, who had recently died.Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away, and he was even more annoyed by the title of the obituary: The Merchant of Death Is Dead. Alfred was a very rich and successful armaments(武器) manufacturer.This incident got him to think about his re
3、putation. What would people think of him after his real death? Would they really say “That was a man who profited from killing？” It was this thought that led him to leave his moneya huge amount of itfor the founding of the famous Nobel Prizes. His aim was for his money to be used to support the ongo
4、ing quest(追求) for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace. Thousands of men and women have been honored since the first awards were given out in 1901. The awards let the world know about the developments that may have a huge effect on our lives.However, the Prizes are contr
5、oversial sometimes. There is often protest(抗议) at the award of the Peace Prize when not everyone thinks that the awardwinners deserve the award. Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers. The highly influential novelists
6、James Joyce and Marcel Proust, for example, were never honored by the Swedish Academy.Still, most of the awards dont cause many complaints. Alfred Nobel founded the Prizes to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit to mankind” and few would disagree that most of the Prize winners have mad
7、e contributions that deserved to be honored and remembered. For example, among them, Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King have made contributions that deserve to be honored and remembered.语篇解读：诺贝尔生前曾经在报纸上看到自己的讣告，原来是一个误会，报纸把自己和哥哥搞混了。但讣告的标题却让他认真思考自己能为人类真正带来什么？正是这一思考才有了后来的诺贝尔奖的设立。1How did Alfred Nobe
8、l feel when he read the obituary in the newspaper?ASad and worried. BShocked and upset.CSurprised and confused. DAmused and puzzled.解析细节理解题。从第二段中的“Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away, and he was even more annoyed by the title of the obituary”可知，诺贝尔既震惊又烦恼。答案B2What did Alfred Nobel decid
9、e to do after reading the obituary?ASeek excellence in the sciences.BDonate all his money to the charity.CStop producing any killing weapons.DSet up the Nobel Prizes with his money.解析细节理解题。从第三段第四句“It was this thought that led him to leave his moneya huge amount of itfor the founding of the famous No
10、bel Prizes.”可知，他读了讣告之后用大笔的钱设立了诺贝尔奖。答案D3Why does the author mention James Joyce and Marcel Proust?ATo show the controversy of some Nobel Prizes.BTo give examples of influential Nobel Prizes.CTo explain the standard of giving out the Nobel Prizes.DTo prove the influence of the Nobel Prizes on literatu
11、re.解析推理判断题。从第四段第一句“However, the Prizes are controversial sometimes.”及第三句“Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers.”可知，作者提到这两位作家是为了展示诺贝尔奖的争议性。答案A4What does the author think of the Nobel Prizes?AThere should be more female
12、 winners.BThere are too many controversial winners.CThey have honored many worthy winners.DThe committee should be more selective.解析推理判断题。从最后一段中的“few would disagree that most of the Prize winners. For example, among them, Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King have made contributions that deserve to
13、 be honored and remembered.”可知，诺贝尔奖奖励了大多数作出贡献的人，即worthy winners，对应C选项。答案CB(2018吉林长春质量检测三)The Nazca Lines are a series of large ancient geoglyphs(地画) in the Nazca Desert, in southern Peru. It is ranging from geometric patterns to drawings of different animals and stylized humanlike forms. The ancient
14、 lines can only be truly taken in from high in the air, leaving generations puzzled as to how these precise works could have been completed long before the documented invention of human flight.The Lines were first spotted when commercial airlines began flying across the Peruvian desert in the 1920s.
15、 Who built them and what was their purpose? Are they roads, star pointers, maybe even a gigantic map? If the people who lived here about 2,000 years ago had only a simple technology, how did they manage to construct such precise figures? Did they have a plan? These markings are like a vast puzzle.Th
16、e Nazca Lines are the most outstanding group of geoglyphs in the world. There are also huge geoglyphs in Egypt, Malta, United States ( Mississippi and California) , Chile, Bolivia and in other countries. But the Nazca geoglyphs, because of their numbers, characteristics, dimensions and cultural cont
17、inuity as they were made and remade throughout a certain history period, form the most impressive archeological(考古学的) group.The Nazca plain is unique for its ability to preserve the markings upon it, due to the combination of the climate (one of the driest on Earth, with only twenty minutes of rainf
18、all per year) and the flat, stony ground which minimizes the effect of the wind at ground level. With no dust or sand to cover the plain and little rain or wind to erode(腐蚀) it, lines drawn here tend to stay drawn. These factors, combined with the existence of lightercolored subsoil beneath the dese
19、rt surface, provide a vast writing pad that is suited to the artist who wants to leave his mark eternal.语篇解读：文章介绍了出现在秘鲁南部纳斯卡沙漠的大型古代地画纳斯卡线的神奇之处及形成原因。5What can we know about the Nazca Lines from the first two paragraphs?AThey were built as a big map.BThey were formed by nature.CThey are ancient lines
20、in caves.DThey are huge markings in a desert.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Nazca Lines are a series of large ancient geoglyphs(地画) in the Nazca Desert, in southern Peru.”及第二段中的“These markings are like a vast puzzle.”可知，纳斯卡线是出现在秘鲁南部纳斯卡沙漠的巨大图案。答案D6How many factors make the Nazca Lines the most impressive?AOne.
21、BTwo.CThree. DFour.解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“because of their numbers, characteristics, dimensions and cultural continuity. form the most impressive archeological group”可知，这四个因素使纳斯卡线更独特、更令人难忘。答案D7Why are the Nazca Lines well preserved?ABecause of the wind at ground level.BBecause of the existence of soft soil
22、.CBecause of the climate and geography.DBecause of the thick sand on the top.解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The Nazca plain is unique for its ability to preserve the markings upon it, due to the combination of the climate. and the flat, stony ground which minimizes the effect of the wind at ground level.”可知，干燥少雨的
23、气候和平坦多石的地形使地画得以保存完好。答案C8What does the underlined word “eternal” probably mean?ANonstop. BEverlasting.CReallife. DHighend.解析词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段可知，气候和地形使地画保存完好，再根据最后一句可知，这些因素加上沙漠表面下浅色地下土壤的存在，提供了一个巨大的书写板。由此可猜测，这个书写板适合想要留下永久印记的艺术家，eternal意思是“永恒的”，和everlasting意义接近。答案B.七选五阅读填空(2018全国卷)Before there was the writ
24、ten word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between. _1_ We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time. “I adore danci
25、ng，”says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I cant imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. _2_ Its great to watch them. For many of them, its a way of meeting people and having a social life.”_3_ “I can tell
26、 you about one young couple，” says Bridges. “Theyre learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. _4_”So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart,
27、 is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. _5_ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me Im alive.”ASo why do we dance? BDance in the US is everywhere.CIf you like dancing outdoors, come to America. DMy older students say it makes them feel young. EI keep practicing even
28、 when Im extremely tired. FDancing seems to change their feeling completely. GThey stayed up all night long singing and dancing.语篇解读：本文主要描述了舞蹈在美国的风靡以及跳舞的益处。1解析根据设空处后的We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea.可知，舞蹈在美国的流行程度可谓风靡全国，故可推断出此处应是对这一现象的概括。B项意为“在美国，舞蹈无处不在”，符合语境。答案B2解析
29、文章第三段介绍了一位舞蹈工作室的老板莱斯特布里奇斯对舞蹈的见解与钟情。根据设空处前的信息可知，布里奇斯会给各个年龄段的人上舞蹈课并且很喜欢教人跳舞的感觉。再结合上下文可知，该空后一句Its great to watch them.中的them一词应指代布里奇斯所教的学生们。故此处应提到students(学生)一词。故D项符合此处语境。答案D3解析根据设空处在本段的位置可知，设空处的句子应是本段的主题句。在第四段中，布里奇斯提到了一对学习传统舞的年轻夫妇来上课时情绪低落，但是在跳舞结束后却笑着离开的故事。故可推断出本段的主题应涉及“人们跳舞的意义”。A项“那我们为何要跳舞？”恰到好处地充当了这一
30、主题句，引出下文。答案A4解析文章第四段主要描述了一对情绪低落的年轻夫妇在跳舞后面带微笑地离开的事例。结合设空处在本段中的位置可知，该空应是对这一故事的补充说明，说明“跳舞能积极影响学习者的情绪”。故选F项“跳舞看上去完全改变了他们的情绪”。答案F5解析文章第五段介绍了另一位名叫安德烈娅希利尔的舞者对跳舞的见解。根据设空处后两句I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me Im alive.(我发现很难停下来！舞蹈让我感到我还活着。)可知，设空处的句子应该是描述安德烈娅对跳舞的热爱。E项“即使当我极度疲惫时，我也坚持练习”符合文意，且选项中的主语I与设空
31、处后的主语一致。答案E.短文改错(2018安徽皖南八校联考)Be an excellent student with allround development, Li Hua has been honored as Star of all the subjects but often ranks among the top three in the class. After class, she is active in the playground, music club and some community. The sport he likes most is playing the b
32、asketball. He also took great delight in Chinese opera as well singing pop songs. Beside, he takes an actively part in all sorts of social practices. In a word, Li Hua is an outstanding student, which has set a good example to us.答案 an excellent student with allround development, Li Hua has been hon
33、ored as Star of all the subjects often ranks among the top three in the class. After class, is active in the playground, music club and some . The sport he likes most is playing basketball. He also great delight in Chinese opera as well singing pop songs. ， he takes an part in all sorts of social practices. In a word, Li Hua is an outstanding student, has set a good example to us.
