1、题型综合练(五)一、阅读理解A文体说明文题材社会文化A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the selfmade manthe man who has risen to the top through his own efforts，usually beginning by working with his hands.While the leader in business， industry or the college professor occupie
2、s a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common laborer or even the skilled factory worker，he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.This attitude toward manual(体力的)labor is now still seen in ma
3、ny aspects of American life.One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel，expensive hobbies，and college education for the children；yet the hostess
4、probably will cook the dinner herself，will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward，furthermore the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the nearby bakery.On the contrary，the hostess usually takes
5、pride in careful preparation of special dishes.A professional man may talk about washing the car，digging in his flowerbeds，or painting the house.His wife may even help with these things，just as he often helps her with the dishwashing.The son who is away at college may wait_on_table and wash dishes f
6、or his living，or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了崇尚自我奋斗，尊重体力劳动的美国文化。1From Paragraph 1，we can know that in America_.Apeople feel painful to mention their fathers as laborersBpeople can always rise to the top throu
7、gh their own effortsCcollege professors win great respect from common workersDpeople tend to have a high opinion of the selfmade man解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the selfmade man.可知，“崇尚自我奋斗”是美国文化的一个特点。故选D项。答案：D2According to the
8、 passage，the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly because_.Aservants in America are hard to getBshe takes pride in what she can do herselfCshe can hardly afford servantsDit is easy to prepare a meal with canned food解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的主题句This attitude toward manual labor is now still seen in many aspects
9、of American life.可知，在美国生活的许多方面，尊重体力劳动的态度仍然随处可见，并在下文中举出了几个例子，女主人下厨就是其中之一。由此可以推断女主人亲自下厨，是因为她以自己能做这样的体力活而感到自豪。故选B项。答案：B3The expression“wait on table”in the second paragraph means“_”Await to lay the tableBkeep accounts for a barCserve customers in a restaurantDwork in a furniture shop解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句T
10、he son who is away at college may.wash dishes for his living.可以推测，儿子应该是在餐馆当服务生赚取生活费。因此C项符合语境。答案：C4Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?AAmerican Attitude Toward Manual LaborBA Respectable Selfmade FamilyCCharacteristics of American CultureDThe Development of Manual Labor
11、解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章主要讲了美国崇尚自我奋斗，尊重体力劳动的文化传统。故选A项。答案：AB文体议论文题材文化教育Even in a weak job market，the old college try isnt the answer for everyone.A briefing paper from the Brookings Institution warns that“we may have overdone the message”on college，senior fellow Isabel Sawhill said.“Weve been telling student
12、s and their families for years that college is the only way to succeed in the economy and of course theres a lot of truth to that，”Ms.Sawhill said.“On average it does pay off.But if you load up on a whole lot of student debt and then you dont graduate，that is a very bad situation.”One comment that p
13、eople often repeat among the years of slow job growth has been the value of education for landing a job and advancing in a career.Aprils national unemployment rate stood at 7.5%，according to the Labor Department.The unemployment rate for high school graduates over 25 years old who hadnt attended col
14、lege was 7.4%，compared with 3.9% for those with a bachelors degree or more education.The difference is even bigger among those aged 1624.The jobless rate for those with only a high school diploma in that age group is about 20%.At the same time，recent research by Canadian economists warns that a coll
15、ege degree is no guarantee of promising employment.Ms.Sawhill pointed out that among the aspects that affect the value of a college education is the field of ones major：Students in engineering or other sciences end up earning more than those who major in the arts or education.The cost of tuition and
16、 the availability of financial aid are other considerations，with public institutions generally a better financial bargain than private ones.She suggested two ways of improving the situation：Increasing vocationaltechnical(职业技能的)training programs and taking_a_page_from Europes focus on early education
17、 rather than postsecondary learning.“The European countries put a little more attention to getting people prepared in the primary grades，”she said.“Then they have a higher requirement for whoever goes to collegebut once you get into college，youre more likely to be highly subsidized(补助)”She is also a
18、 supporter of technical trainingto teach students how to be workers，such as plumbers，welders and computer programmersbecause“employers are desperate”for workers with these skills.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。在职场，衡量教育成果的指标是受教育者能否求职成功以及得到晋升。虽然拿到大学文凭对此很有帮助，但反观当今社会，工程及其他理工专业的人才往往能拿到高薪，而学艺术和教育的人才拿到的薪水却没那么理想。我们可以增加技术院校的数
19、量或向欧洲国家学习，重视初期的教育，保证大学的质量。5People usually think that_.Athe cost of technical schooling is a problemBone will not succeed without a college degreeCtechnical skills are most important for landing a jobDthere is an increased competition in getting into a college解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Weve been telling stu
20、dents and their families for years that college is the only way to succeed in the economy and of course theres a lot of truth to that，”可知，人们通常认为不上大学就不会成功，故选B项。答案：B6What does the underlined part“taking a page from”mean?AHearing from.BChanging from.CDiffering from.DLearning from.解析：词义猜测题。从画线部分后面的句子“Th
21、e European countries put a little more attention to getting people prepared in the primary grades，”she said.“Then they have a higher requirement for whoever goes to collegebut once you get into college，youre more likely to be highly subsidized.”可知，欧洲更重视早期的教育，这种做法是很好的，所以应该向他们学习。因此taking a page from应该
22、是learning from的意思。故选D项。答案：D7What can we infer from the passage?APublic institutions charge more for education.BEuropean universities are stricter with students.CStudents with certain skills are in great demand.DCanadian students prefer to major in engineering.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段She is also a supporter o
23、f technical training. because“employers are desperate”for workers with these skills.可知，现在对技术工人的需求量很大。故选C项。答案：C8Which would be the best title for the text?AIs the“Go to College”Message Overdone?BThe New Requirement of the Labor MarketCPrimary Education in European CountriesDIs Technical Training More
24、 Popular?解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文介绍我们过分强调大学学位的重要性，实际上大学学位并不能保证就业和光明的未来，反而技术工人现在需求量很大。故选A项。答案：A二、七选五阅读文体说明文题材社会文化What is a big dream？_1_Or，is a big dream something that provides only entertainment？Children dream big dreams，but there are three barriers to realizing dreams.They often kill them before they ev
25、er have a chance to grow.The Self.Immediately following the birth of a big dream，a negative selftalk takes over and gives all the reasons why it cannot happen.This inside voice is the ego(自我)Its there for protecting and should be listened to._2_Most people are influenced by the inside voice.Thats wh
26、y only a handful of people make their dreams come true._3_Family and friends are a lot like the ego.They want to protect those they love，so they will often list all the reasons why the big dreams wont come true.Sometimes，family and friends destroy dreams of those they love most，out of their own fear
27、 of being left behind.The World.If one gets past the first two barriers，one has to face the world._4_In the past，big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world.Fortunately，in most of the world today，big dreamers just get laughed at.The way to realize a big dr
28、eam is with confidence and action.When children have confidence and then take action，they will be ready to accept any failure.The truth is that every great dreamer whose dreams have never seen the light of success knows failure well._5_AFamily and Friends.BHow Big Dreams Die.CDoes a big dream show o
29、nes future?DThey simply fail until they succeed.EIt is the last and the most terrible barrier.FSometimes it is right，but more often it is wrong.GAnd their big dream is to be a rock star or a famous artist.语篇解读本文讲述了实现梦想的过程中会遇到的三重障碍。1解析：根据上句What is a big dream？和下句Or，is a big dream something that provi
30、des only entertainment？可知此处也是针对big dream的相关问题。故C项正确。答案：C2解析：根据下文Most people are influenced by the inside voice.Thats why only a handful of people make their dreams come true.可知，人们内心的声音有对的也有错的，有时能让人们从中受益，但更多时候则不能。故F项符合语境。答案：F3解析：根据下文Family and friends are a lot like the ego.可知本段谈论的是家人和朋友。故选A项。答案：A4解析
31、：根据上句中的the first two barriers以及下句In the past，big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world.可知，face the world是最大的问题。故选E项。答案：E5解析：根据上句The truth is that every great dreamer whose dreams have never seen the light of success knows failure well.可知，有些伟大的梦想家在成功之前都饱受失败之苦。故选D项。答案：D