1、2021-2022学年高二英语下学期暑假巩固练习9 语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Text 01After new measurements, China and Nepal have announced a new official height for Mount Everest. The result _1_(announce) on Tuesday that Everests peak stands 8,848.86 meters tall, _2_(high) than previously thought. It was reported
2、during an online video event _3_(lead) by the foreign ministers of China and Nepal.The two countries agreed to the official height after new _4_(survey) of the mountain in 2019 and 2020. Everests height was first declared as 8,842 meters by a British team around 1856. But the most _5_(wide) accepted
3、 height has been 8,848 meters decided by the Survey of India in 1954.Nepal had never previously measured the height of Mount Everest _6_ its own. In 2005, a Chinese team reported height of 8,844.43 meters, not including the mountains snow top. A Nepal government team of climbers and surveyors climbe
4、d Everest in May 2019, using GPS and satellite _7_(equip) to measure the peak. Later that year, the leaders of the two countries decided they should agree on _8_ official height. A survey team from China then carried out measurements in the spring of 2020, during _9_ time all other climbing activiti
5、es had stopped because of the coronavirus crisis.Nepals climbing community welcomed the result. “The height of Mount Everest will not be a conflict _10_ a mutually agreed number. This is a milestone in mountaineering history,” said Santa Bir Lama, president of the Nepal Mountaineering Association.阅读
6、下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Text 02In advance of the Allied landings at Normandy, the British planned the aerial bombing of the Amiens Prison in northwest France.On February 18, 1944, 18 of the legendary Mosquito fighter-bombers (蚊式轰炸机) carried out the plan _11_(free) the 700 French Resistance mem
7、bers _12_(lock) up there. The weather that day was so bad that one of the pilots thought _13_ a tough task it was . However, the group still _14_(fly) across the English Channel at just 15 meters above the waves, though five had to turn back due to radio and engine problems. Now down to 13 planes, G
8、roup Captain Charles Pickard carried on _15_ the raid.At 12:01 pm, the bombers attacked the prison wall to allow the prisoners _16_ route of escape. They went on to destroy the blocks where German officers were standing guard, many of _17_ were killed or wounded. Two Mosquitos also attacked the near
9、by train station, _18_(buy) the prisoners time while the German soldiers were distracted. Only two aircraft were lost in the attack. While 258 prisoners escaped, 102 _19_(kill) in the raid and another 155 were caught and kept as prisoners. Even today the sheer skill and courage shown by the Mosquito
10、 pilots are considered to be _20_(true) admirable.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Text 03Traditional Chinese Medicine is one of the great herbal systems of the world, which _21_(date) back to the third century BC. Yet throughout _22_(it) history it has continually developed in response to changing c
11、linical conditions, and has been developed by research into every aspect of usage. Chinese herbal medicines are very safe when instructed _23_(correct). Over thousands of years, experienced doctors have compiled (编译) detailed information about the prescription and placed great emphasis on the protec
12、tion of the patient. Allergic type reactions are rare, and will result _24_ no lasting damage if _25_(treat) is stopped as soon as undesired symptoms appear. The primary difference between Chinese and Western medicine can be described as Chinese treats the Yang and Western treats the Yin. Everything
13、 in the universe can be described in terms of Yin _26_ Yang. Its found that when _27_(apply) to medicine in general, Western medicine acts upon the Yin of the body, the substance (物质) of the body, the actual cells and chemicals. Traditional Chinese Medicine works more on the energy _28_ motivates th
14、ose cells. Its widely recognized that Traditional Chinese Medicine helps created a _29_(healthy) world. Today, it is not unusual _30_(see) Traditional Chinese Medicine being used around the world.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Text 04The development of science and technology can not be separate
15、d from time. A Spanish businessman spent over 8 years _31_(develop) a new textile called Pinatex. Pinatex is a new textile material made from pineapple leaf fibers, _32_ are the waste of the pineapple harvest. Carmen Hijosa, who founded Ananas Anam, a company that aimed _33_(market) Pinatex, works w
16、ith pineapple farmers in the Philippiness who harvest and get the fibers from the leaves. The fibers are _34_(strong) and more flexible than ordinary materials. Since its appearance in the market in the mid-2015,Pinatex _35_(use) by about 500 firms including a recent collaboration with Hugo Boss on
17、a pair of _36_(sneaker). Smaller companies have also been inspired by its unique look and feel.People are usually attracted to Pinatex at first sight and most of the time they mistake _37_ for leather. Timothy Turner-Sutton, director of the famous brand Altiir who has a personal _38_(collect) of bik
18、er style jackets entirely made from Pinatex, says, “Its got a unique quality. It behaves like leather _39_(extreme) in every way but its animal-friendly.”In addition to clothing, the company is entering more new markets _40_ before. It is working hard to make sure the materials we use have least eff
19、ect on the environment.Text 05阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。In the past few years, quite a number of men and women _41_(choose) to do something less competitive. They are afraid that the stress of work robs them of joy and happiness and bring them harm both physically and mentally.In f
20、act, _42_, stress isnt such a bad thing. Above all, _43_ it gets out of control, a certain amount of stress is important as it provides motivation and challenge, and purpose to _44_ otherwise meaningless, idle life. In addition, people _45_ stress tend to express their full range of potential and to
21、 realize their own personal worth the very aim of a human life. Last but not least, research has showed that, _46_(actual), modest amounts of stress can _47_(strong) the immune system and be good for health.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way _48_(escape). Developing our ad
22、aptive _49_(able) to deal with stress can prevent us from _50_(defeat) by the competitive society.答案与解析阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Text 01【答案】1. was announced 2. higher 3. led 4. surveys 5. widely 6. on 7. equipment 8. an 9. which 10. but【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国和尼泊尔两国对于珠穆朗玛峰的最高峰高度的探索历程。1. 考查语态和时态。
23、句意：周二公布的结果显示，珠穆朗玛峰的最高峰高度为8848.86米，高于此前预计的高度。分析句子结构及提示“announce”可知，announce与the result为动宾关系，用被动语态，句中时间为过去的“周二”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was announced。2. 考查形容词比较级。句意：周二公布的结果显示，珠穆朗玛峰的最高峰高度为8848.86米，高于此前预计的高度。分析句子及提示“high”可知，than前通常只能用形容词或副词的比较级。故填higher。3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是在中国和尼泊尔外交部长领导的网络视频活动中报道的。分析句子结构及提示“lead”可知
24、，lead与an online video event为动宾关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语修饰。故填led。4. 考查名词的数。句意：在2019年和2020年对珠峰进行了新的测量后，两国同意了官方的高度。survey“测量”，可数名词，根据句意此处应用复数形式。故填surveys。5. 考查副词。句意：最被广泛接受的高度是由1954年印度调查决定的8848米。分析句子结构及提示“wide”可知，空处应填副词修饰accepted。故填widely。6. 考查固定搭配。句意：尼泊尔以前从未自行测量过珠穆朗玛峰的高度。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配on ones own“独自”。故填on。7. 考
25、查名词。句意：尼泊尔政府的一个登山队和测量人员于2019年5月登顶珠峰，使用GPS和卫星设备测量峰顶。根据句意及提示“equip”可知，此处应填名词equipment表示“设备”，在句中作宾语，不可数。故填equipment。8. 考查冠词。句意：那年晚些时候，两国领导人决定就官方高度达成一致。height表示某一特定的高度，可与不定冠词连用，句中泛指“官方高度”，official发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。9. 考查定语从句。句意：然后，中国的一个调查小组在2020年春天进行了测量，在此期间，由于冠状病毒危机，所有其他登山活动都停止了。分析句子结构可知，此处应填which
26、引导非限制性定语从句，during which time 指时间，表示“在期间”。故填which。10. 考查连词。句意：珠穆朗玛峰的高度不会是一个冲突的数字，而是双方都同意的数字。根据句意可知，此处应该填连词，连接两个并列成分，表示“而是”，not.but.“不是而是”。故填but。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Text 02【答案】11. to free 12. locked 13. what 14. flew 15. with 16. a 17. whom 18. buying 19. were killed 20. truly【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文
27、章主要讲述了在盟军登陆诺曼底之前，英国人计划对法国西北部的Amiens监狱进行空中轰炸。1944年2月18日，18架传奇性的蚊式战斗轰炸机执行了解救被关押在那里的700名法国抵抗运动成员的计划。11. 考查非谓语动词。句意：1944年2月18日，18架传奇性的蚊式战斗轰炸机执行了解救被关押在那里的700名法国抵抗运动成员的计划。分析句子结构可知free在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处修饰名词plan作后置定语，应用不定式。故填to free。12. 考查非谓语动词。句意：1944年2月18日，18架传奇性的蚊式战斗轰炸机执行了解救被关押在那里的700名法国抵抗运动成员的计划。分析句子结构可知lo
28、ck在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the 700 French Resistance members构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填locked。13. 考查连接词。句意：那天的天气非常糟糕，以至于一名飞行员认为飞行是一项多么艰巨的任务啊。此处为感叹句作宾语，感叹后为名词task，应用what。故填what。14. 考查动词时态。句意：然而，这群人仍然在距离海浪仅15米的高度飞越了英吉利海峡，其中5人由于无线电和引擎故障不得不折返。根据后文had可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填flew。15. 考查介词。句意：现在只剩13架飞机，舰长Charles Pickard继
29、续进行袭击。结合句意表示“继续”短语为carry on with。故填with。16. 考查冠词。句意：下午12点01分，炸弹炸毁了监狱墙壁，为囚犯们提供了一条逃跑路线。route为可数名词，此处表泛指“一条逃跑路线”应用不定冠词，且route是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。17. 考查定语从句。句意：他们继续摧毁德国军官站岗的街区，许多德国军官或死或伤。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词officers，作介词of的宾语，指人，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。18. 考查非谓语动词。句意：两台蚊式战斗轰炸机还袭击了附近的火车站，在德军士兵分心的时候为俘虏争取了时间。分析句子结构
30、可知buy在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Two Mosquitos构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填buying。19. 考查动词时态语态。句意：258名囚犯越狱，102人在突袭中被杀，155人被捕并被关押。根据上文escaped可知应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为102，谓语动词用复数。故填were killed。20. 考查副词。句意：即使在今天，蚊式战斗轰炸机飞行员所表现出的纯粹的技能和勇气仍被认为是真正令人钦佩的。修饰后文形容词admirable，应用副词truly，作状语。故填truly。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单
31、词或括号内单词的正确形式。Text 03【答案】21. dates 22. its 23. correctly 24. in 25. treatment 26. or 27. applied 28. that/which 29. healthier 30. to see【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章简单地向读者介绍了中医以及中西医的区别。21. 考查主谓一致。句意：中药是世界上最伟大的草药系统之一，可以追溯到公元前三世纪。此处讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，先行词是Traditional Chinese Medicine，后接非限制性定语从句，先行词Traditional Chinese Medi
32、cine在从句中作主语，Traditional Chinese Medicine是单数，主谓一致，谓语也用单数，应用dates，date back to（追溯到）只能用于主动语态，不可用被动语态。故填dates。22. 考查代词。句意：然而，纵观其历史，它一直在不断发展，以应对不断变化的临床条件，它是通过对使用的各个方面进行研究而发展起来的。此处用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词history。故填its。23. 考查副词。句意：当被正确指导使用时，中草药是非常安全的。此处用副词correctly（正确地）作状语修饰动词instructed。故填correctly。24. 考查介词。句意
33、：过敏性反应是罕见的，如果一旦出现不希望的症状就停止治疗，将不会造成持久的损害。固定搭配result in（造成、导致）。故填in。25. 考查名词。句意：过敏性反应是罕见的，如果一旦出现不希望的症状就停止治疗，将不会造成持久的损害。If _25_(treat) is stopped as soon as undesired symptoms appear条件状语从句，缺乏主语，此处用名词作主语，treatment当作“处理、治疗、对待”讲时，为不可数名词。故填treatment。26. 考查连词。句意：宇宙万物都可以用阴或阳来形容。此处表选择关系，应用连词or。故填or。27. 考查过去分词
34、。句意：研究发现，一般来说，西医应用于医学时，作用于人体的阴、身体的物质、实际的细胞和化学物质上。When _27_(apply) to medicine in general, Western medicine acts upon the Yin of the body, the substance (物质)of the body, the actual cells and chemicals已有谓语动词acts且无连词连接第二个谓语动词，此处用非谓语形式，主语Western medicine和动词apply是动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动，过去分词做时间状语时，可在分词前加上while，wh
35、en，until等，使时间意义更明确。故填applied。28. 考查定语从句关系词。句意：中医更注重激发这些细胞的能量。此处是定语从句，先行词是the energy，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。29. 考查比较级。句意：人们普遍认为，中医有助于创造一个更健康的世界。此处意为“更健康的”，应用形容词比较级healthier作定语修饰名词world。故填healthier。30. 考查动词不定式。句意：今天，在全世界范围内，中医的使用已经司空见惯了。It is (not) + adj. + to do sth.，此句型结构中It做形式主语，真
36、正主语是动词不定式（to do），此处用动词不定式形式。故填to see。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Text 04【答案】31. developing 32. which 33. to market 34. stronger 35. has been used 36. sneakers 37. it 38. collection 39. extremely 40. than【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种由菠萝叶纤维制成的新型纺织材料，这种材料结实又富有弹性，像皮革但又非常环保。31. 考查非谓语动词。由spend可知此处考查“spend+时
37、间+(in) doing”句式，因此需用所给词汇的动名词形式。故填developing。32. 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：Pinatex是一种由菠萝叶纤维制成的新型纺织材料，菠萝叶纤维是菠萝收获过程中产生的废弃物。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为pineapple leaf fibers，从句中缺少主语，故填which。33. 考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth. 意为“目的去做某事；旨在做某事”，为固定用法，故填to market。34. 考查形容词比较级。由than可知此处需用形容词的比较级并且与and后的more flexible并列，故填stronger。3
38、5. 考查现在完成时被动语态。由时间状语Since its appearance in the market in the mid-2015(自2015年年中上市以来)可知此处谓语需用现在完成时，且Pinatex与use为被动关系，因此此处需用现在完成时的被动态。故填has been used。36. 考查可数名词的复数。sneaker意为“运动鞋”，表达“一双”需用复数形式。故填sneakers。37. 考查代词。句意：人们第一眼看到Pinatex时通常会被它吸引，大多数时候他们会误以为它是皮革。根据句意可知此处为避免重复，需用代词it代替Pinatex，表示人们把Pinatex误认为皮革，
39、故填it。38. 考查名词。根据空前不定冠词a及personal可知此处需用可数名词的单数形式，因此此处需用所给词汇collect的名词形式，故填collection。39. 考查副词。分析句子成分可知此处缺少状语修饰谓语动词behaves，结合所给词汇，可知此处需用其副词形式，故填extremely。40. 考查比较级句式。句意：除了服装，该公司正在进入比以前更多的新市场。根据空前more new markets可知此处缺少标志词than，than before意为“比以前”，故填than。Text 05【答案】41. have chosen 42. however 43. unless 4
40、4. an 45. under 46. actually 47. strengthen 48. to escape 49. ability/abilities 50. being defeated【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了适度的压力给我们带来的好处。41. 考查时态。句意：在过去的几年中，相当多的男性和女性选择做一些竞争性较弱的事情。根据句中In the past few years（在过去的几年中）可知，句中的动作是从过去持续到了现在，可能持续发生下去，故应用现在完成时，句式为“主语+has/have+动词过去分词+其他”，句子主语quite a number of men a
41、nd women为可数名词复数形式，与have连用，choose意为“选择”，过去分词为chosen。故填have chosen。42. 考查副词。句意：然而，事实上，压力并不是一件坏事。上文中人们认为压力会给他们带来身心上的伤害，设空处认为压力并不是一件坏事，两种观点为转折关系，且空格前有逗号，故应用however，意为“然而”，副词词性，符合语境。故填however。43. 考查状语从句。句意：如果它不失去控制，一定量的压力是很重要的，因为它能提供动力和挑战，不然的话就是一个无意义的、无聊的人生。根据句意和句子结构可知，设空处为条件状语从句，表示在压力不失去控制的条件下，一定量的压力是很重
42、要的，unless意为“如何不，除非”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。故填unless。44. 考查冠词。句意：如果它不失去控制，一定量的压力是很重要的，因为它能提供动力和挑战，不然的话就是一个无意义的、无聊的人生。空格后life意为“一生”，为可数名词，句中表示泛指一个人生，故应用不定冠词修饰，otherwise意为“否则，不然”，副词词性，音标第一个音素为元音音素，故与不定冠词an连用，表示一个无意义的、无聊的人生。故填an。45. 考查固定短语。句意：此外，压力之下的人往往会充分发挥自己的潜能。设空处在说压力的好处，由此可知应该是处于压力下的人会充分发挥自己的潜能，under stress
43、意为“在压力之下”，为固定短语，符合语境，under意为“在下面”，介词词性。故填under。46. 考查副词。句意：事实上，适度的压力可以增强免疫系统，对健康有好处。分析句子可知，空格后有逗号，这时应用副词，作状语，表明说话者的评论和看法，actual意为“实际的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为actually，意为“事实上”，副词词性，符合语境。故填actually。47. 考查动词。句意：事实上，适度的压力可以增强免疫系统，对健康有好处。分析句子可知，句子为that引导的宾语从句，从句中and前的句子中缺少谓语动词，故空格处应为动词，strong意为“强壮的”，形容词词性，对应的动词为str
44、engthen，意为“增强”，句中指增强免疫系统，符合句意，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填strengthen。48. 考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：压力是日常生活中很自然的一部分，没有办法逃避。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型there is no way to do sth.，意为“没有办法做某事”，不定式作后置定语修饰way，表示将要去做某事，escape意为“逃避”，动词词性，to后接动原。故填to escape。49. 考查名词。句意：培养我们应对压力的适应能力，能够防止我们被竞争激烈的社会打败。分析句子可知，adaptive意为“适应的”，形容词词性，后接名词，able意为“有能
45、力的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为ability，意为“能力，才能”，当表示“能力”时，不可数，可填ability原形，表示培养能力；当表示“才能，专门技能”时可数，这时要用ability的复数形式abilities，表示培养才能，符合句意。故填ability / abilities。50. 考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：培养我们应对压力的适应能力，能够防止我们被竞争激烈的社会打败。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语prevent sb. from doing sth.，意为“防止某人做某事”，from后接动词ing形式，defeat意为“打败”，动词词性，us和defeat之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即防止我们被打败，故应用动词ing的被动形式being done，defeat的过去分词为defeated。故填being defeated。
