1、（新高考）河北省衡水中学2021届高三英语上学期第四次调研试题（含解析）注意事项：1.答卷前，考试务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3在答题卡上与题号相对应的答题区域内答题，写在试卷、草稿纸上或答题卡非题号对应的答题区域的答案一律无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答
2、有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What would the woman like the man to do?A. Bring her a different keyboard.B. Pass her the cleaning liquid.C. Clean up her keyboard.2. What time will the woman leave?A. At 2:25. B. At 2:30. C. At 2:45.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Getting old. B. Dressing su
3、itably. C. Buying old clothes.4. What is the womans main concern about the man?A. His toothbrush is harming his teeth.B. Hell get fat from eating candy.C. His teeth wont be healthy.5. What is the weather like now?A. Cold. B. Hot. C. Rainy.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、
4、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the man remind the woman to do?A. Turn down the heat.B. Bring her identification.C Leave money for the children.7. How are the speakers getting to the airport?A. They are driving.B. They are taking a
5、bus.C. They are getting picked up.听第7段材料，回答第8-10题。8. What is David trying to do?A. Watch a movie. B. Work on his studies. C. Sing some songs.9. Why is David annoyed about the last song?A. Anna sang it very badly.B. Anna sang it too much before.C. Anna kept repeating the four words of it.10. What is
6、the relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What has the womans aunt forbidden her to do?A. See the dolls. B. Talk about the dolls. C. Touch the dolls12. What does the womans aunt think of the dolls?A. They are uncomfortable
7、.B. They are very valuable.C. They are old-fashioned.13. How does the man probably feel in the end?A. Very worried. B. Quite surprised. C. little embarrassed.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. Who is the womans favorite soccer player?A. Ronaldo. B. Salah. C. Messi.15. When did the 9-year-old fan want Salah to sco
8、re?A. During overtime.B. Near the end of regular time.C At the beginning of regular time.16. Why did the 9-year-old fan want to get home early?A. She had homework to do.B. She wanted to sleep earlier.C. She needed to meet her teacher.17. What does the woman seem to think about Salah?A. He always mak
9、es people happy.B. He really cares about his fans.C. He often misunderstands others.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题18. What is the weather usually like in October?A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.19. What will the temperatures be during the wild storm?A. 56 degrees. B. 45 degrees. C. 40 degrees.20. When will it be su
10、nny again?A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe Apollo Missions“Thats one small step for a man. One giant leap for mankind.” Neil ArmstrongApollos GoalsThe national effort that enabled Astronaut
11、Neil Armstrong to speak those words as he stepped onto the lunar surface fulfilled a dream as old as humanity. Project Apollos goals went beyond landing Americans on the moon and returning them safely to Earth.Apollo 13Apollo 13 has been called a “successful failure,” because the crew never landed o
12、n the Moon, but they made it home safely after an explosion crippled their ship. When the associated heater was turned on during flight, the tank exploded depleting almost all of the power from the command module and forcing the crew to use the lunar module as a lifeboat. Jim Lovell, Fred Haise and
13、Jack Swigert came home safely thanks to the mission control teams improvised procedures and their own ability to implement them.(Launch: April 11, 1970; splashdown: April 17)Apollo 14Notable for the return of Americas first astronaut, Alan Shepard, to space, Apollo 14 also was probably the smoothest
14、 lunar landing to that point. The crew spent more than nine hours outside the lunar module and set up a number of experiments. Shepard set a new distance record by walking more than 9,000 feet on the lunar surface, pulling a hand cart to carry their tools and samples.(Launch: Jan. 31, 1971: lunar la
15、nding: Feb. 5: splashdown, Feb. 9)Apollo 15For the first time, humans drove a car on the Moon. The first of the Apollo “J” Missions-designed for longer stays on the Moon - the mission carried a lunar rover, which Commander David Scott and Lunar Module Pilot James Irwin used while they were on the su
16、rface for more than I8 hours. They traveled more than 17 miles in the rover, setting up experiments and collecting 170 pounds of samples. Before leaving the lunar surface, Scott conducted an experiment to test Galileos theory that objects in vacuum, without air resistance, would fall at the same rat
17、e. He dropped a geological hammer and a feather, which hit the ground at the same time, proving Galileo right.(Launch: July 26, 1971, lunar landing: July 30: splashdown: Aug. 7)1. Why has Apollo 13 been called a “successful failure”?A. Apollo 13 finally exploded as planned in space.B. All the crew s
18、ucceeded in landing on the Moon.C. The crew managed to escape from a severe accident and returned to Earth.D. The crew finished the experiment although they failed to land on the Moon.2. Which of the following is True according to the passage?A. It took five days for Apollo 14 to reach the Moon.B. T
19、he lunar rover was used as a lifeboat for space travel.C. Shepard tested Galileos theory successfully on the Moon.D. Apollo 15 remained in space for the shortest period of time.3. Which of the following column is this article most likely to be found?A. Booming ScienceB. Exploring the UnknownC. Mecha
20、nical WorldD. Transforming Moon【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章简要地讲述了，阿波罗登月计划任务的目标及阿波罗的几次太空登月任务。【1题详解】细节理解题。由题干关键词successful failure可将答案定位于第三段。由第三段第一句“Apollo 13 has been called a “successful failure,” because the crew never landed on the Moon, but they made it home safely after an explosion crip
21、pled their ship.”（阿波罗13号被称为“成功的失败”，因为机组人员从未登上过月球，但在爆炸使他们的飞船瘫痪后，他们安全地返回了月球。），可知“成功的失败”是因为船员们设法从一次严重事故中逃脱，返回了地球。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句的斜体字部分“Launch: Jan. 31, 1971: lunar landing: Feb. 5: splashdown, Feb. 9”（发射：1971年1月31日：登月：2月5日：溅落，2月9日），可知阿波罗14号花了五天时间到达月球。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由第一段的“Thats one small s
22、tep for a man. One giant leap for mankind.” Neil Armstrong”（“这对一个男人来说是一小步。对人类来说是一个巨大的飞跃。”尼尔阿姆斯特朗），第二段最后一句“Project Apollos goals went beyond landing Americans on the moon and returning them safely to Earth.”（阿波罗计划的目标不仅仅是让美国人登上月球，还要让他们安全返回地球。）和各段小标题Apollos Goals、Apollo 13、Apollo 14和Apollo 15，可知本文讲的是阿波
23、罗太空登月计划，去探索未知的月球，推断出在文章的“探索未知”栏出现。故选B项。【点睛】在高考中，细节理解题为频繁常考题型，集中考查文中细节。在做此类题型时，同学们可以先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅技巧迅速在文中找到这一细节，把这部分内容仔细读一遍，比较所给选项与文中细节的细微差别。如在第1小题中，分析问题，得到关键词successful failure，迅速定位到第三段，找到句子“Apollo 13 has been called a “successful failure,” because the crew never landed on the Moon, but
24、they made it home safely after an explosion crippled their ship.”可知，“成功的失败”是因为船员们设法从一次严重事故中逃脱，返回了地球。故选C项。BWhen is cleaning walls a crime? When youre doing it to create art, obviously. A number of street artists around the world have started expressing themselves through a practice known as reverse g
25、raffiti (涂鸦). They find dirty surfaces and paint them with images or messages using cleaning brushes or pressure hoses (高压水管). Either way, its the same principle: the image is made by cleaning away the dirt. Each artist has their own individual style but all artists share a common aim: to draw atten
26、tion to the pollution in our cities.The UKs Paul Curtis, better known as Moose, operates around Leeds and London and has been appointed by a number of companies to make reverse graffiti advertisements. Brazilian artist, Alexandre Orion, turned one of Sao Paulos transport tunnels into an amazing wall
27、 painting in 2006 by getting rid of the dirt. Made up of series of white skulls (颅骨), the painting reminds drivers of the effect their pollution is having on the planet. “Every motorist sits in the comfort of their car, but they dont give any consideration to the price their comfort has for the envi
28、ronment and consequently for themselves,” says Orion.The anti-pollution message of the reverse graffiti artists confuses city authorities since the main argument against graffiti is that it spoils the appearance of both types of property: public and private. This was what Leeds City Council said abo
29、ut Mooses work: “Leeds residents want to live in clean and attractive neighborhoods. We view this kind of advertising as environmental damage and will take strong action against it.” Moose was ordered to “clean up his act.” How was he supposed to do this: by making all property he had cleaned dirty
30、again?As for the Brazilian artists work, the authorities were annoyed but could find nothing to charge him with. They had no other option but to clean the tunnel but only the parts Alexandre had already cleaned. The artist merely continued his campaign on the other side. The city officials then deci
31、ded to take further action. They not only cleaned the whole tunnel but every tunnel in Sao Paulo.4. What do we learn from the passage about reverse graffiti?A. It uses paint to create anti-pollution images.B. It creates a lot of trouble for local residents.C. It causes lots of distraction to drivers
32、.D. It turns dirty walls into artistic works.5. What do we learn about Brazilian artist Alexandre Orion?A. He was good at painting white skulls.B. He chose tunnels to do his graffiti art.C. He suggested banning all polluting cars.D. He was fond of doing creative artworks.6. What does the author impl
33、y about Leeds City Councils decision?A. It is simply absurd.B. It is well-informed.C. It is rather unexpected.D. It is quite sensible.7. How did Sao Paulo city officials handle Alexandre Orions reverse graffiti?A. They made him clean all the tunnels in Sao Paulo.B. They took further action to ban al
34、l reverse graffiti.C. They charged him with polluting tunnels in the city.D. They made it impossible for him to practice his art.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论涂鸦是否犯罪，讲述在涂鸦方面艺术家们和政府之间的矛盾：艺术家们为了呼吁环保而涂鸦，而政府因为保护环境禁止涂鸦。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“to draw attention to the pollution in our cities(关注我们城市的污
35、染)”及第三段“The anti-pollution message of the reverse graffiti(反污染意义的涂鸦)”可知，艺术家们涂鸦是为了创造反污染的概念。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Brazilian artist, Alexandre Orion, turned one of Sao Paulos transport tunnels into an amazing wall painting in 2006 by getting rid of the dirt.(在2006年，巴西艺术家Alexandre Orion把Sao Paulo的交通隧道变
36、成令人惊奇的涂鸦墙，使交通隧道摆脱尘土)”可知，Alexandre Orion在交通隧道里涂鸦。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段 “We view this kind of advertising as environmental damage and will take strong action against it.(我们认为这种广告会破坏环境，所以要强力反对)”及“Moose was ordered to “clean up his act.”(Moose被命令“改过自新”)”可知，前文讲述艺术家为了呼吁环保而涂鸦，但是当局却认为涂鸦是污染环境的行为，禁止艺术家涂鸦。再根据
37、“How was he supposed to do this: by making all property he had cleaned dirty again?(该怎么做呢？要把他所有干净的杰作再弄脏吗？)”可推知，作者提出这样的问题是为了表达对当局做法的否定。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“They not only cleaned the whole tunnel but every tunnel in Sao Paulo.(他们不仅要清除这个隧道的涂鸦，还有Sao Paulo里的每一个隧道)”可推知，圣保罗市的官员们让亚历山大奥利翁的涂鸦成为不可能。故选D项。CCli
38、mate change leads to a threat to the worlds sandy beaches, and as many as half of them could disappear by 2100, a new study has found. Even by 2050 some coastlines could be unrecognizable from what we see today, with 10% to 12% facing severe erosion (侵蚀).Using updated sea level rise predictions, the
39、 researchers analyzed how beaches around the world would be in a future with higher seas and more damaging storms. They also considered natural processes like wave erosion, as well as human factors-like coastal building developments, all of which can affect a beachs health. The study found that sea
40、level rise is expected to outweigh these other factors, and that the more heat-trapping gases humans put into the atmosphere, the worse the influences on the worlds beaches are likely to be.Its hard to overstate just how important the worlds beaches are. They cover more than one third of the worlds
41、coastlines, and protect coastal areas from storms. Beaches are also important economic engines, supporting relaxation, tourism and other activities. And in some areas, the beach is more than a vacation destination. In places like Australia, life near the coast revolves around the beach for much of t
42、he year.Some of the worlds most popular beaches are already taking action. Places like Miami Beach are trucking in thousands of tons of sand to patch up (修复) badly eroded shorelines, while others have built sea walls and breakwaters in an attempt to hold precious sand in place. But the financial and
43、 environmental costs of these projects are huge, and scientists say rising seas and more powerful storms, supercharged by a warmer climate, will make this a losing battle.However, the researchers did find that humans have some control over what happens to the worlds beaches. If the worlds government
44、s are able to stick to modest cuts to heat-trapping gas pollution, the researchers found that 22%of projected beach losses by 2050 could be prevented, a number that grows to 40%by 2100 if greenhouse gases are limited.8. Which is the biggest contributor to severe beach erosion?A. Damaging storms.B. W
45、ave erosion.C. Coastal building.D. Sea level rise.9. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. It is hard to protect coastal beaches.B. One third of storms take place near beaches.C. Beaches are of great significance to our lives.D. Most Australians live on beach tourism.10. What does the underlined wor
46、d “this” refer to in Paragraph 4?A. Popularizing the beaches.B. Holding sand in place.C. Reducing the project costs.D. Stopping global warming.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Half beaches could disappear by 2100.B. Climate change is doing harm to our lives.C. The beach is more than a vaca
47、tion destination.D. Governments are taking action to fight wave erosion.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A【解析】本文是说明文。一项新研究显示：气候变化对世界上的沙滩造成了威胁，到2100年将有一半的沙滩消失。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段The study found that sea level rise is expected to outweigh these other factors,得知有很多因素会造成沙滩被侵蚀，其中海平面上升是导致沙滩严重侵蚀的最大因素。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。
48、根据第三段Its hard to overstate just how important the worlds beaches are. They cover more than one third of the worlds coastlines, and protect coastal areas from storms. Beaches are also important economic engines, supporting relaxation, tourism and other activities得知很难夸大世界上的海滩有多重要。它们覆盖了世界三分之一以上的海岸线，并保护
49、着海岸线，保护沿海地区免受风暴的侵袭。海滩也是重要的经济引擎，支持休闲、旅游和其它活动。第三段强调了沙滩对人类生活非常重要。故选C。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段while others have built sea walls and breakwaters in an attempt to hold precious sand in place. But the financial and environmental costs of these projects are huge, and scientists say rising seas and more powerful s
50、torms, supercharged by a warmer climate, will make this a losing battle.得知而另一些人则建造了海堤和防波堤，试图把珍贵的沙子固定住。但是这些项目的金融和环境成本巨大，科学家说上升的海洋和更强大的风暴，因气候变暖而增压，将会使得固定沙子是一场失败的举措。得知this指代的是Hold sand in place。故选B。11题详解】主旨大意题。根据Climate change leads to a threat to the worlds sandy beaches, and as many as half of them c
51、ould disappear by 2100, a new study has found.得知文章首句就点明主题。一项新研究显示：气候变化对世界上的沙滩造成了威胁，到2100年将有一半的沙滩消失。所以最佳标题是“到2100年，一半的沙滩将会消失”。故选A。DThe idea that having narrow local focus leaves little room for anything but a selfish mindset is a misconception, according to a new study that found that concern for loc
52、al affairs could help with global environmental conservation.You might have heard of NIMBY which means “not in my back yard” and describes an individual or group opposed to a new addition to the neighborhood, typically a factory, roadway or power station. Nimbyism and parochialism(眼界狭小), which is a
53、focus on a local area, can go hand in hand, and there are concerns that parochialism paves the way for prejudice, narrowmindedness, and selfishness.But researchers found the exact opposite to be true in a new study published. The researchers argue that positive parochialism can inspire a larger awar
54、eness of global environmental problems and encourage people to action.“We did not find evidence that parochialism was necessarily negative and inward -looking,” said Patrick, a researcher for the study. “It can be those things, but theres no necessary conflict between feeling connected to your local
55、 area and feeling connected to the wider world. ”For the study, the researchers reviewed documents from the 1987 Parish Maps project. The researchers showed how the Parish Maps project also demonstrated a passion for the environment and conservation. The researchers say that the Parish Maps project
56、is a strong example of “positive parochialism”, and shows that thinking locally can influence a global mindset.“For a long time, it has been generally agreed that if we want people to think about global affairs they need an international worldview-but this may not be the case,” said Patrick. “Given
57、where we are now in terms of trying to encourage people to make changes to help the environment, positive parochialism offers something that has been overlooked.”12. Which behavior can best illustrate NIMBY?A. Criticizing a friend for his selfish action.B. Accepting a proposal beneficial to locals.C
58、. Supporting a neighborhood construction plan.D. Objecting to building an airport in the neighborhood.13. Why does the author mention the Parish Maps project?A. To explain how to protect the environment.B. To offer an example of positive parochialism.C. To encourage people to take part in the projec
59、t.D. To stress the importance of global mindset.14. How does Patrick feel about “positive parochialism phenomenon”?A. Appreciative.B. Cautious.C. Negative.D. Puzzled.15. What may be the best title for the text?A. Parochialism, a better practice?B. International view, more popular?C. Thinking locally
60、, acting globallyD. Bigger thinking, better environment【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项新的研究发现，关注地方事务有助于全球环境保护，认为狭隘的地方关注只会让人产生自私的心态，是一种误解。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“You might have heard of NIMBY which means “not in my back yard” and describes an individual or group opposed to a new addition t
61、o the neighborhood, typically a factory, roadway or power station.”（你可能听说过NIMBY这个词，意思是“不在我的后院”，它指的是一个人或一个团体反对在社区内新建新设施，通常是工厂、道路或发电站。）可知， NIMBY反对在附近建设一些项目。由此推知，反对在附近建机场能属于NIMBY。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“For the study, the researchers reviewed documents from the 1987 Parish Maps project. The researcher
62、s showed how the Parish Maps project also demonstrated a passion for the environment and conservation. The researchers say that the Parish Maps project is a strong example of “positive parochialism” ,and shows that thinking locally can influence a global mindset.”（在这项研究中，研究人员回顾了1987年教区地图项目的文件。研究人员还展
63、示了教区地图项目如何表现出对环境和保护的热情。研究人员表示，教区地图项目是“积极狭隘主义”的一个强有力的例子，表明本地思维可以影响全球思维。）可知，作者提到Parish Maps project是为了提供一个积极狭隘主义的例子。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For a long time, it has been generally agreed that if we want people to think about global affairs they need an international worldview-but this may not be the
64、case,” said Patrick. “Given where we are now in terms of trying to encourage people to make changes to help the environment,4 positive parochialism offers something that has been overlooked.”（帕特里克说:“长期以来，人们普遍认为，如果我们想让人们思考全球事务，他们需要一种国际世界观。但事实可能并非如此。”“考虑到我们现在在鼓励人们做出改变来帮助保护环境方面所做的努力，积极的狭隘主义提供了一些被忽视的东西。
65、”）可推知，Patrick对“积极的狭隘主义”是持欣赏的态度的。故选A。15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“The idea that having narrow local focus leaves little room for anything but a selfish mindset is a misconception, according to a new study that found that concern for local affairs could help with global environmental conservation.”（一项新
66、的研究发现，关注地方事务有助于全球环境保护，认为狭隘的地方关注只会让人产生自私的心态，这是一种误解。）可知，文章讲述了一项新的研究发现，关注地方事务有助于全球环境保护，认为狭隘的地方关注只会让人产生自私的心态，是一种误解。故C项：Thinking locally, acting globally（立足本地，放眼全球）可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Profitable Senior Service Businesses You Can Start TodayThi
67、s year, almost 4 million Americans will turn 65. That number will continue to grow for the next two decades. By 2030, it will grow to over 75million people. _16_In fact, the U.S.Department of f Labor forecasts that senior service jobs will be the fastest-growing part of the job market for many years
68、 to come._17_As most seniors want to stay independent as long as possible, they, or their grown-up children, plan to use that increased wealth to make their lives better in their senior years. This will provide an abundance of moneymaking opportunities. Because most seniors want to age in place in t
69、heir own homes, they often need help with daily tasks like meal preparation and housekeeping. Many are unable to drive and need reliable transportation for shopping trips and doctors appointments. _18_ Seniors also often need a reliable resource person-a “senior concierge”-to handle the tasks they a
70、re unable to do, such as scheduling home repairs, buying groceries or taking a pet to the vet. _19_There comes a time-usually in their 70s or 80s-when seniors downsize and move to a much smaller residence or a retirement community._20_They help reduce the emotional stress associated with moving, so
71、a senior has a gentle, and smooth transition to their new home. The growing number of seniors, and the service jobs they are creating, mean new opportunities for anyone who wants to start a business serving seniors. If youre looking for a rewarding job or home-based business providing essential serv
72、ices to this growing population of seniors, youll find plenty of choices.A. The service can be started with just a few hundred dollars.B. Some senior service businesses require specialized medical training.C. Their homes need to be as fall-proof as possible, to prevent accidents.D. A senior relocati
73、on service professional helps those folks organize that move.E. That will bring many senior service jobs for those who are caring and capable.F. Seniors today are richer than ever before with 31 percent enjoying “high income.”G. A senior concierge can fill in when the children of an elderly parent c
74、ant be there to help.【答案】16. E 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. D【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些专门服务老年人的高级服务职位。【16题详解】文章第一段“This year, almost 4 million Americans will turn 65. That number will continue to grow for the next two decades. By 2030, it will grow to over 75million people.（今年，将近400万美国人将年满65岁。这一数字在未来20年将继续增长。到2030
75、年，人口将超过7500万。）”说明美国人口现状。下文In fact, the U.S. Department of f Labor forecasts that senior service jobs will be the fastest-growing part of the job market for many years to come.（事实上，美国劳工部预测，在未来许多年，高级服务职位将是就业市场增长最快的部分。）表示了对未来就业情况的预测。E项中的“That”指代的是上文的美国人口现状，“senior service jobs”与下文一致。故选E项。【17题详解】根据设空处下文
76、“As most seniors want to stay independent as long as possible, they, or their grown-up children, plan to use that increased wealth to make their lives better in their senior years.（由于大多数老年人希望尽可能长时间保持独立，他们或他们的成年子女计划利用这些增加的财富，让他们的老年生活得更好。）”可知设空处说的是老年人的收入情况。F项中的“Seniors are richer”与下文“increased wealth”
77、一致。故选F项。【18题详解】通过上文“Because most seniors want to age in place in their own homes, they often need help with daily tasks like meal preparation and housekeeping. Many are unable to drive and need reliable transportation for shopping trips and doctors appointments. （因为大多数老年人都想在自己家里安享晚年，所以他们经常需要帮助做一些日常工
78、作，比如做饭和家务。许多人不能开车，需要可靠的交通工具来购物和预约医生。）”以及下文“Seniors also often need a reliable resource person-a “senior concierge”-to handle the tasks they are unable to do, such as scheduling home repairs, buying groceries or taking a pet to the vet.（老年人也经常需要一个可靠的顾问-一个“高级看门人”来处理他们无法完成的任务，比如安排家庭维修、购买杂货或带宠物去看兽医。）”结合
79、上下文可知老年人需要雇人来完成他们做不到的事情。C项表示他们的家需要尽可能防坠落，以防发生意外。这种情况需要雇人维修，符合文意。故选C项。【19题详解】上文“Seniors also often need a reliable resource person-a “senior concierge”-to handle the tasks they are unable to do, such as scheduling home repairs, buying groceries or taking a pet to the vet.（老年人也经常需要一个可靠的顾问-一个“高级看门人”来处理
80、他们无法完成的任务，比如安排家庭维修、购买杂货或带宠物去看兽医。）”提出了一个“高级看门人”的职业。G项指出当年迈父母的子女不能在那里帮忙时，高级门房可以代替。且G项中的“A senior concierge”与上文一致。故选G项。【20题详解】设空处上文“There comes a time-usually in their 70s or 80s-when seniors downsize and move to a much smaller residence or a retirement community.（通常在70或80多岁的时候，老年人会缩小规模，搬到更小的住所或退休社区。）”
81、说明老年人通常会在70或80多岁的时候搬迁。D项意为一位高级搬迁服务专业人员会帮助这些人组织搬迁，符合文意。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Every year, I circle the first day of spring on our calendar. In this way, it wont slip by_21_. Im not sure why _22_ the calendar to announce springs arriva
82、l, since it has so little bearing on the matter. Spring comes when its good and ready; sometimes well before its _23_day, sometime well after.For years, spring in our town was _24_ by Leon and Jo Martin, who owned the Dairy Queen. Every year, they would _25_ the words “Now Hiring” on their sign. I w
83、ould walk past to see Leon and Jo Martin _26_ for their spring opening. It was as _27_ an indication of spring as any calendar, and after the Dairy Queen was sold to an out-of-town outfit who kept it _28_ all year round, it threw off our towns circadian rhythms（昼夜节律）._29_, when Johnstons grocery sto
84、re _30_ selling snowplows and starts selling lawn mowers（割草机） thats a pretty good _31_ winters grip（抓紧，把手，柄） has loosened.But let us suppose Johnstons store ignores its duty and we are left _32_ of springs arrival. We would then have to look and see whether Bill Edd, our towns plumber（水暖工），was weari
85、ng coat._33_ the first leaf dries up and falls to the ground in autumn, Bill _34_his brown Carhartt coat and doesnt remove it until next spring. Ive known Bill since we were very young, so I am well acquainted with his _35_.21. A. unnoticedB. unrequestedC. unrealisticD. unchallenged22. A. put awayB.
86、 learn aboutC. depend onD. make up23. A. workingB. closingC. equippedD. appointed24. A. ignoredB. indicatedC. celebratedD. interrupted25. A. postB. receiveC. exchangeD. coin26. A. searchingB. chargingC. readyingD. demanding27. A. generalB. accurateC. casualD. invisible28. A. openB. neatC. stylishD.
87、fresh29. A. NaturallyB. SurprisinglyC. SpecificallyD. Fortunately30. A. admitsB. ceasesC. considersD. suggests31. A. signB. chanceC. functionD. preparation32. A. clearB. guiltyC. worthyD. unaware33. A. AlthoughB. WhenC. BecauseD. Until34. A. hangs upB. pulls onC. gives awayD. shows off35. A. familyB
88、. businessC. hobbiesD. habits【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述小镇依靠镇民的习惯、开店时间、出售的商品作为春天到来的信号。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每年我都会在日历上圈出春天的第一天，恐怕它悄悄溜走。A. unnoticed未注意的；B. unrequested未被要求的；C. unrealistic非现实的；D. unchallenged没有异议的。根据下文“Sp
89、ring comes when its good and ready; sometimes well before, sometimes well after.”可知，春天的到来或早或迟，很容易在不经意间溜走，故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不确定，为什么要依靠日历来宣布春天的到来，因为这和这件事没有关系。A. put away收拾起来；B. learn about了解；C. depend on依靠；D. make up构成。根据下一句“since it has so little bearing on the matter.”可知，此处是指作者不明白既然春天和日历没什么关系
90、，为什么大家还要依靠日历。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春天有时按时到来；有时早来，有时晚来。A. working工作的；B. closing关闭的；C. equipped配备的；D. appointed约定的，指定的。根据上文“circle the first day of spring on our calendar.”及“Spring comes when its good and ready; sometimes well before, sometimes well after.”可知，大家都先在日历上做记号，标注日期。但是有时春天按时到来，有时在指定日期前来，有
91、时在指定日期后来，故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我们镇都是由Leon和Jo Martin提示春天的到来。A. ignored忽视；B. indicated表明，暗示；C. celebrated庆祝；D. interrupted插嘴。根据“It was as.an indication of spring as any calendar,”可知，Leon和Jo Martin可以暗示我们春天来了。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年他们都会在他们的招牌上张贴用“Now Hiring”（现在开始招租）的字样。A. post张贴，宣布；B. receive接收
92、；C. exchange交换；D. coin创造。根据“the words “Now Hiring” on their sign.”可知，Leon和Jo Martin把写着“now hiring”字样的牌子张贴在招牌上。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我路过时，会看到Leon和Jo Martin正在为春季开业做准备。A. searching搜索；B. charging控告，收费；C. readying准备；D. demanding要求。根据“Now Hiring” on their sign”可知，Leon和Jo Martin挂上这个提示牌是为了春季营业做准备，故选C项。【2
93、7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种春天的暗示如同日历一样准确。A. general普通的；B. accurate精确的；C. casual随意的；D. invisible看不见的。结合上下文可知，此处是指Leon和Jo Martin春季开门营业的时间就如同Dairy Queen的作用一样，能精确的提示春天的到来，故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Dairy Queen被卖给外地的某个团队之后，这个店面全年开业。这影响了我们的昼夜节律。A. open打开的；B. neat干净的；C. stylish时髦的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据 “it threw off our
94、towns circadian rhythms”可知，原来Dairy Quee只有招租时才提示镇民春天要来了，而卖出去之后却起不到提示春天的作用了，可推测新店和Dairy Queen开业时间不一样，故选A项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当Johnston的杂货店停止出售扫雪机，开始卖割草机时，那就预示着冬天要过去了。A. Naturally自然地；B.Surprisingly惊奇地；C.Specifically特有地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据“thats a pretty goodwinters grip has loosened.”可知，它可以提示冬天要过
95、去了，春天要来了，所以人们觉得很幸运，故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当Johnston的杂货店停止出售扫雪机，开始卖割草机时，那就预示着冬天要过去了。A. admits承认；B. ceases停止；C. considers考虑；D. suggests建议。根据“starts selling lawn mowers winters grip has loosened.”可知，杂货店开始卖割草机，预示冬天过去，所以不卖扫雪机了，故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当Johnston的杂货店停止出售扫雪机，开始卖割草机时，那就预示着冬天要过去了。A.
96、 sign迹象；B. chance机会；C. function功能；D. preparation准备。根据“starts selling lawn mowers”可知，商店已经开始卖割草机了，所以预示着春天要来了，故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是我们可以设想一下，如果Johnston不尽职责，那么我们就意识不到春天到了。A. clear清楚的；B. guilty愧疚的；C. worthy值得的；D. unaware无意识的。根据“suppose Johnstons store ignores its duty”可知，当Johntson闭店时，就没有什么可以让大家意识到春天
97、的迹象了，故选D项。【33题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当第一片树叶在秋天枯干落到地上时，Bill会穿上他的棕色Carhartt大衣，直到明年春天才脱下来。A. Although虽然；B. When当时；C. Because因为；D. Until直到。根据句意可知，此处用when“当”引导时间状语从句符合语境。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当第一片树叶在秋天枯干落到地上时，Bill会穿上他的棕色Carhartt大衣，直到明年春天才脱下来。A. hangs up挂断电话，终止；B. pulls on穿；C. gives away捐赠；D. shows off炫耀。根据“doe
98、snt remove it until next spring.”可知，Bill直到第二年春天才脱下来，那么之前应是一直穿着的，故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从小我就认识Bill，所以我熟知他的习惯。A. family家庭；B. business商业；C. hobbies爱好；D. habits习惯。根据“Ive known Bill since we were very young”可知，从小我就认识Bill，所以我了解他换衣服的习惯，故选D项。第卷（共60分）注意：将答案写在答题页上。写在本试卷上无效。第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空格处填
99、入1个适当的单词或括号中单词的正确形式。Virtual doctor app Babylon Health _36_(accidental) showed users videos of other patients consultations with their doctors, _37_ are strictly confidential. The event appeared after a U.K. user said they were able to access dozens _38_ videos of other patients sessions. An investig
100、ation by Babylon revealed that a software error was to blame as opposed to a cyberattack.The London set-up that _39_(value) at $2 billion last August, said it has fixed the problem and informed the Information Commissioners Office(ICO), the U.K. data regulator._40_(found)in 2013 by Dr. Ali Parsa, Ba
101、bylon has built an app that _41_(allow) people to make video calls to doctors and other healthcare professionals, and get an electronic prescription. It has around 5.6 million users worldwide, with over 2.3 million of those based in the U.K. Babylon said it takes security very seriously and _42_ it
102、has contacted the affected patients to apologize. “On the afternoon of Tuesday June we _43_(identify) and resolved the issue within two hours,” a Babylon spokesperson said.“Peoples medical data is highly sensitive information not only do people expect it _44_(handle) carefully and securely, organiza
103、tions also have a(n)_45_(responsible) under the law,” an ICO spokesperson said. “Babylon Health contacted the ICO regarding the incident and advice was provided.”【答案】36. accidentally 37. which 38. of 39. was valued 40. Founded 41. allows 42. that 43. identified 44. to be handled 45. responsibility【解
104、析】这是一篇新闻报道。虚拟医生应用程序Babylon Health不小心向用户展示了其他患者与医生会诊的视频，这些视频是严格保密的。文章介绍了Babylon的一些背景知识以及它对这一事件的做法。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：虚拟医生应用程序Babylon Health不小心向用户展示了其他患者与医生会诊的视频，这些视频是严格保密的。修饰后文动词show应用副词accidentally，作状语。故填accidentally。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：虚拟医生应用程序Babylon Health不小心向用户展示了其他患者与医生会诊的视频，这些视频是严格保密的。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行
105、词users videos，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：此前，一位英国用户表示，他们能够访问其他患者的数十个疗程的视频。结合句意表示“数十个”短语为dozens of。故填of。【39题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这家去年8月估值20亿美元的伦敦机构表示，它已经解决了这个问题，并通知了英国数据监管机构信息专员办公室。根据后文last August可知用一般过去时，且此处为定语从句修饰先行词set-up，先行词在从句中作主语，与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，从句谓语动词与先行词保
106、持一致，应用单数。故填was valued。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2013年，由Dr. Ali Parsa创立的Babylon开发了一款应用程序，可以让人们与医生和其他医疗专业人士视频通话，并获得电子处方。分析句子结构可知found在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Babylon构成被动关系，故应用过去分词，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Founded。【41题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：2013年，由Dr. Ali Parsa创立的Babylon开发了一款应用程序，可以让人们与医生和其他医疗专业人士视频通话，并获得电子处方。此处为定语从句修饰先行词app，从句中谓语动词与
107、先行词保持一致，且从句陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填allows。【42题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：Babylon表示，他们非常重视安全问题，已经与受影响的患者进行了联系并道歉。此处为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用that；且and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略，后面的that不能省。故填that。【43题详解】考查动词时态。句意：一位Babylon发言人表示：“6月周二下午，我们在两小时内发现并解决了这个问题”。根据上文“On the afternoon of Tuesday June”可知应用一般过去时。故填identified
108、。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：ICO发言人说：“人们的医疗数据是高度敏感的信息，人们不仅希望它得到谨慎和安全的处理，根据法律，组织也有责任”。分析句子结构可知handle在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处为不定式作宾补，且it与handle构成被动关系，故应用to be done形式。故填to be handled。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：ICO发言人说：“人们的医疗数据是高度敏感的信息，人们不仅希望它得到谨慎和安全的处理，根据法律，组织也有责任”。空处作宾语，表示“责任”应填名词responsibility，表抽象概念，不可数。故填responsibility。第四部分写作（共两节
109、，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 某英文报将组织一场中学生英语作文比赛。请以“My Dream”为题，写一篇短文参赛。内容包括：1.你的梦想是什么2.梦想产生的原因；3.你打算如何实现它。注意：1.写作词数应为80词左右：2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】My DreamDifferent people have different dreams. Since my childhood, I have been dreaming of becoming a doctor. When Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for discov
110、ering an effective cure for malaria, I was greatly inspired by her to learn medicine. Whats more, the courage Zho Nanshan and other doctors have displayed hardened my resolve. It is their wisdom and efforts that have saved tens of thousands of people. Though it is difficult to make my dream come tru
111、e, nothing will prevent me from achieving it. I will study hard, which will provide a solid foundation for my future major in college .【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章要求考生以“My Dream”为题，写一篇短文参加中学生英语作文比赛。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：说明文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法 总分法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.你的梦想是什么2.梦想产生的原因；3.你打算如何实现它。第
112、二步：列提纲（重点词组）dream of doing；harden ones resolve；tens of thousands of people；make ones dream come true；prevent sb. from doing sth.第三步：连词成句1.Different people have different dreams. 2.Since my childhood, I have been dreaming of becoming a doctor. 3.When Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for discover
113、ing an effective cure for malaria, I was greatly inspired by her to learn medicine. 4.The courage Zho Nanshan and other doctors have displayed hardened my resolve. 5.It is their wisdom and efforts that have saved tens of thousands of people. 6.Though it is difficult to make my dream come true, nothi
114、ng will prevent me from achieving it. 7.I will study hard, which will provide a solid foundation for my future major in college .根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）表并列补充关系：Whats more连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】高分句型1It is their wisdom and efforts that have saved tens of
115、thousands of people.（it isthat为强调句）高分句型2I will study hard, which will provide a solid foundation for my future major in college .（which引导非限制性定语从句）第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。My senior year of high school was an extremely busy one, to say the least. If I wasnt studying and worr
116、ying about my grades, I was taking part in multiple extracurricular activities or attempting to make preparations for college.Finally, as my senior year began to wind down, I got a part-time job at the local cafe. I had figured that the job would be easy and, for the most part, stress-free. I pictur
117、ed myself pouring excellent coffee, making delicious cakes and becoming close friends with the regular customers.What I hadnt counted on were the people with great orders who chose to use the drive-through window, or the women who felt that the coffee was much too creamy, or the men who wanted their
118、 iced coffee remade again and again until it reached a certain level of perfection. There were moments when I was annoyed with the human race as a whole, simply because I couldnt seem to please anyone. Nevertheless, I kept at it.One miserable rainy day, I spent my afternoon handing people their orde
119、rs and waiting as they slowly counted their pennies. I tried to smile as the customers complained about the rain, but it was difficult to smile as they sat in their temperature-controlled cars with the windows rolled up. While I dealt with huge droplets of water hanging from my visor（帽舌）. On top of
120、that, no one was tipping. Every time I looked into my nearly empty tip jar, grew more depressed.Around four oclock, one of my regular customers named Hank came in looking depressed and defeated. My coworker and I asked what the problem was and if we could help, but he wouldnt reveal any details. He
121、just said he felt like crawling into bed, pulling the sheets up over his head and staying there for a few years. I knew exactly how he felt.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1：Before Hank left, I handed him a bag along with his iced coffee._Paragraph 2：Around seven oclock the next evenin
122、g, Hank drove up to the window. _【答案】Paragraph 1：Before Hank left, I handed him a bag along with his iced coffee. He looked at me questioningly because he hadnt ordered anything but the coffee. He opened the bag and saw that I had given him his favorite type of cake. Its on me, I told him. Have a ni
123、ce day. He smiled and thanked me before turning around and heading back out into the rain.Paragraph 2：Around seven oclock the next evening, Hank drove up to the window. Instead of ordering anything, he handed me a single pink rose. He said that not too many people took the time to care about others,
124、 and he was glad there were still people like me in the world. I was very touched and almost forgot what had happened the previous day. I happily thanked him. As the day passed, I had plenty of complaining customers, but anytime I felt depressed, I thought of Hank and his kindness. I would smile, ho
125、ld my head up high, clear my throat and politely ask, How can I help you?【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了作者在高三即将结束的时候，在当地的一家咖啡馆找到了一份兼职工作。原以为这份工作很容易，而且在大多数情况下没有压力。结果发现有些顾客的要求出乎意料，这让作者感到恼火。在一个阴雨绵绵的日子里，作者忙了一下午，却没有人给小费，他感到无比沮丧，这时，一位叫Hank的老顾客，看起来很沮丧，作者和同事询问原因，Hank不愿透露任何细节。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“Hank离开前，我递给他一个袋子和他的冰咖啡
126、。”可知，第一段可描写作者递给Hank袋子里的东西以及对Hank的安慰，Hank表示感谢。由第二段首句内容“第二天晚上七点钟左右，Hank开车来到窗前。”可知，第二段可描写Hank送给作者玫瑰表示感谢，并且因为Hank的善良，作者对自己的工作充满信心。2.续写线索：Hank疑惑地看着作者Hank打开袋子，看到了蛋糕Hank表示感谢Hank递给作者玫瑰作者非常感动作者高兴地感谢Hank想到Hank的善良，不再沮丧3.词汇激活行为类疑惑地看着：look at sb. questioningly/look at sb. with puzzlement打开：open/turn on递给：hand sb
127、. sth./pass sb. sth.想到：think of/occur to/come up with情绪类感谢：thank/be grateful感动的：touched/moved高兴地：happily/cheerfully/joyfully沮丧的：depressed/discouraged【点睛】高分句型1He opened the bag and saw that I had given him his favorite type of cake.（that引导宾语从句）高分句型2I was very touched and almost forgot what had happened the previous day. (what引导宾语从句）
