1、江苏省 锡山高级中学 2019-2020学年度 第一学期月考高二英语试卷第I卷 （选择题 共115分）第一部分 听力（共两节，每题1.5分，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）1. What does the man want?A. A tennis game. B. An online game. C. A shooting game.2. What will the man do next?A. Make dinner. B. Wash the dishes. C. Watch TV.3. What does the man mean?A He prefers to
2、keep the window closed.B. He is too busy to open the window.C. He agrees to open the window at once.4. What is the time now?A. About 5:30. B. About 5:00. C. About 4:30.5. What does the man suggest doing?A. Pressing the emergency button.B. Calling the service centre.C. Doing nothing for a short time.
3、第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What did the woman spend $10 on?A. The taxi. B. The hot dogs. C. The popcorn and drinks.7. Where did the speakers go just before they went home?A. To the convenience store. B. To the movies. C. To the new hot dog place.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What relation is M
4、s Leska to the woman?A. Her roommate. B. Her cousin. C. Her workmate.9. Who will probably meet Kevin at the bus station?A. Claudia. B. Tara. C. Albee.10. What will the woman do at 3:00 pm?A. Meet the man. B. Look after Ms Leska. C. Teach a class.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. How did the man learn to play ins
5、truments?A. He taught himself. B. He learned it at school. C. He learned it at pubs and clubs.12. What instrument did the man play first?A. The piano. B. Keyboards. C. The drum.13. When did the man leave school?A. In 1981. B. In 1992. C. In 1997.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. What are the speakers mainly talk
6、ing about?A. An article. B. A newspaper. C. A minibus.15. How did the girl fall down on the road?A. She tripped over something.B. She was knocked over by a car.C. She slipped because of the wet road.16. Who flew out in the accident?A. A car driver. B. A minibus driver. C. A minibus passenger.17. Wha
7、t can we learn from the conversation?A. The accident took place on Tuesday.B. A truck was involved in the accident.C. The woman witnessed the accident.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. When were the speaker and his friends caught in a storm?A. The second night. B. The fifth night. C. The last night.19. What was
8、 the weather like on the last day?A. rainy B. cloudy C. fine20. What do we know about the speaker?A. He was persuaded into the trip.B. He walked 100 miles in one week.C. He was disappointed at the trip.第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节 单项填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）1. Whatever cultural background you are from, bec
9、oming a member of a society means _ its values rather than being an outsider.A. adaptingB. arguingC. favoringD. adopting【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A. adapting改编；B. arguing争吵；C. favoring支持；D. adopting接受。句意：无论你来自什么文化背景，成为一个社会的成员意味着接受它的价值，而不是成为一个局外人。D项符合语境。2. I wonder what makes you a good salesperson. I _ as a w
10、aiter for three years, which contributes a lot to my todays work.A. serveB. servedC. have servedD. had served【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我想知道你怎样成为一名优秀的销售人员的。我曾经当过三年服务员，这对我现在的工作很有帮助。根据题意，“我”当服务员这件事是发生在过去的，所以要用一般过去式。故选B。3. The boss is a nice person but _ he demands too much of his people.A. in other wordsB.
11、as a resultC. on the other handD. in particular【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：老板是个好人，但另一方面，他对员工要求太高了。A. in other words换句话说；B. as a result结果；C. on the other hand另一方面；D. in particular尤其。结合前后文语境可知，一方面老板是个好人，但是另一方面（on the other hand），他对员工的要求很高。其他短语不符合语境。故选C。4. _the fierce competition in finding a good job in
12、big cities, many fresh graduates are still trying their fortune in Beijing.A. Apart fromB. Regardless ofC. Instead ofD. With regard to【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：不管在大城市找到一份好工作有多么激烈竞争，许多应届毕业生仍然在北京试一试他们的运气。A. Apart from除之外，此外 ；B. Regardless of不管，不顾 ；C. Instead of取代，而不是； D. With regard to关于，至于。根据语境可知此处表示“
13、不管，不顾”，故选B。5. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _.A. being fully acceptedB. fully acceptingC. having fully acceptedD. fully accepted【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词的语态。句意：新思想有时要到若干年后才能被接受。句中非谓语动词的逻辑主语为New ideas，与非谓语动词为动宾关系，是非谓语动词动作的接受者。Before为介词，介词后要用动名词，所以要用动名词的被动语态。故选A。6. - Some Chinese studen
14、ts find it difficult to understand native speakers when in London.- Exactly, _ theyve learned a lot about grammar and known many words.A. what ifB. now thatC. as ifD. even if【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：-有些中国学生发现在英国时很难理解当地人说的话。-是的，即使他们已经学了很多词汇和语法知识。A项表示“如果怎么样”；B项是“既然”之意；C项表示“好像”；D项是“即使，即便”适合，根据句意可知，此处为让步状
15、语从句，表示“即使，即便”之意。故选D。7. Even before QE2 (Queen Elizabeth the Second), the Fed had $2.3 trillion worth of property on that list, two and a half times_ owned before the financial crisis.A. as itB. whatitC. what isD. as is【答案】B【解析】考查倍数的表达。句意：甚至在伊丽莎白二世以前，美联储在清单上有2.3万亿的财产，是金融危机以前的2.5倍。此处引导词既起引导作用又作从句中的宾语，
16、“.times + what + 从句”是倍数的一种表达方法，故选B。【名师点睛】倍数的表达：1.“.times + what + 从句”，如：The production is now three times what it was ten years ago. 现在的产量比十年前增加了两倍。2. 倍数/百分数(percent) +compared with/up on +被比对象。如：Our factorys output of TV sets in the first six months of this year was 10% up compared with last year.
17、今年头六个月我们厂电视机的产量与去年相比增加了10%。8. “America will fulfill the commitments that we have made: cutting our emission in the _ of 17 percent by 2020”, said Obama.A. formB. stateC. rangeD. need【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：奥巴马说：“美国将履行已经做出的承诺：到2020 年减排17%”。A. in the form of以的形式；B. in the state of以/在的状态；C. in the ran
18、ge of在的范围内；D. in need of需要。根据语境及空后17 percent可知，此处指减排的范围。故选C。9. People have the belief _ factories should produce fewer things from raw materials, _ the supply is growing smaller and smaller.A. which; thatB. that; of whichC. that; whoseD. which; whose【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句和定语从句。句意：人们认为工厂应该少用原材料生产东西，且对此
19、的供给也会愈来愈少。第一空表示的belief一词的同位语从句，故使用that一词；第二空为非限制性定语从句的考查，其先行词为前面一句中的“few things”，故使用“of which”适合；如果要使用whose一词引导的话应该去掉supply前面的定冠词the才可以，故选B项适合。10. Do you sometimes ignore loved one because your life is too fast and busy leaving them _ whether you really love them?A. wonderB. to be wonderedC. wonderi
20、ngD. wondered【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你有没有会因为生活太快、太忙而忽略你所爱的人，让他们怀疑你是否真的爱他们? 分析题干，leave+宾语+宾补，宾补可以用非谓语动词。此处wonder和宾语them之间表示主动关系。故需用要doing 的形式。故选C。11. The experts have given some practical advice _ the problems that most people are concerned about in food safety.A. in charge ofB. in honor ofC. in favo
21、r ofD. in regard to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：专家对于大家关心的的食品安全问题给出了一些切实的建议。A. in charge of掌管，控制；B. in honor of向致敬，向表示敬意，为庆祝；C. in favor of支持；D. in regard to至于，关于。根据句意可知，此处指给出了一些关于问题的建议，in regard to符合语境。故选D。12. The reason why the girl decided to leave her boyfriend was that she didnt feel _.A. accurateB.
22、 secureC. unbearableD. athletic【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词的辨析。句意：这个女孩决定离开她的男朋友的原因是她没有安全感。A.accurate 精确的；B.secure安全的； C.unbearable 不能忍受的；D.athletic 健壮的；体育运动的。根据语境可是此处指感觉不到安全。故答案为B。13. A lot of the waste thrown away in the U.S. _ being shipped overseas to China, India, and other developing countries.A. breaks
23、upB. clears upC. sums upD. ends up【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：大量的来自美国的垃圾最终被运到了中国、印度和其他发展中国家。A. breaks up结束，破碎；B. clears up放晴，整理，解决，消除；C. sums up概括地说，总结；D. ends up最终成为，以结束。根据语境可知，ends up这里指“最终的结果”符合语境。故选D。14. He stood there, his eyes _.A. fixing on the blackboardB. fixed on the blackboardC. fix on the b
24、lackboardD. to fix on the blackboard【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：他站在那里，眼睛盯着黑板。分析句子结构可知空格所在的部分作状语。his eyes 与fix之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分，词构成“his eyes +过去分词”的独立主格结构。故答案为B。15. _ with what may be his most impossible mission yet, Hunt gets together his team and joins forces with Ilsa Faust, a female former British s
25、ecret agent.A. FacingB. Having facedC. FacedD. To face【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对可能是他迄今为止最不可能完成的任务，亨特召集了他的团队，并与前英国特工伊尔莎福斯特(Ilsa Faust)联手。分析句子，提示词所处的分句无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。此处用过去分词作状语表示完成，be faced with 是面对，前后主语一致省略主语和be 动词。故选C项。16. These measures include better administration of areas that are likely to turn
26、 into desert, and _ people in how to use water without wasting it.A. trainB. to trainC. trainingD. trained【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些措施包括对可能变成沙漠的地区进行更好的管理，以及培训人们如何在不浪费水的情况下使用水。分析本句可知，本句为并列句，两个分句用and连接，同时共用主语These measures和谓语include，根据动词include的用法，其后常用动名词做宾语，所以正确答案为training。故选C。17. During the heated d
27、iscussion, I _ that blogs are better than books for their convenience, lower price, and larger range of writing.A. picked outB. worked outC. ran outD. pointed out【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在激烈的讨论中，我指出博客因其便利、廉价、写作范围更广而优于书籍。A.picked out挑出；B.worked out锻炼，解决（问题）；C.ran out用尽；D.point out指出。在这个“讨论”的情境中，应该要表达
28、“我”指出、表达一个观点。故选D项。18. He doesnt own an NBA championship ring, _ in the face with champagne(香槟) after the NBA finals.A. he has neither been sprayedB. nor has he been sprayedC. either has be been sprayedD. so he has been sprayed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：他既没有NBA 总冠军戒指，也没有在NBA总决赛后被香槟喷到脸上。结合句意可知，本句用到了句式：neit
29、her/not.nor.“既不.也不.”,在后一个分句中，nor被置于句首。结合倒装句用法，当否定词置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。倒装时把助动词提到主语的前面，所以选项 B.nor has he been sprayed符合题意。故选B。19. The university is saving $ 300,000 per year by its energy _ efforts, aimed to build a more energy-efficient university.A. consumptionB. conservationC. considerationD. correction【
30、答案】B【解析】【详解】考查单词辨析。句意：这所大学通过节能每年节省30万美元，旨在建设一所更节能的大学。A.consumption消费；B.conservation保护、保存；C.consideration考虑；D.correction改正、校正。根据句意，大学通过节能努力节省了30万美元。故选B。20. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closedC. being opene
31、d and closedD. to open and close【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：开始上课的时候，教室外面可以听到课桌打开和关上的声音。分析句子结构，could be heard为谓语动词，设空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，且open和close与desk是动宾关系，需用被动语态，排除D项；结合语境可知，此处表示正在进行的状态，需用现在分词的被动式：being done。故选C。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, th
32、e _21_ the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And thats precisely why one _22_ Frenchman has caught our attention.Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving _23_ on discarded(丢弃) food. The three-month, 1,900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchets _24_ of raising awareness of food
33、 waste in Europe and throughout the world.As you can _25_, the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants _26_ tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of _27_ garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places _28_ him food that would
34、otherwise be discarded. For legal _29_, most restaurants have a policy against _30_ food waste. “Some people have even _31_ their jobs by giving me food,” Dubanchet said.Whats _32_ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchets cause. Berlin has been the _33_ while the most diffic
35、ult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to _34_ at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The _35_ is all the more serious when you consider the _36_ exercise required to bike from France to Poland.“I have to get food _37_ because after all the biking I am tired and I n
36、eed the _38_,” Dubanchet explained. “Is my _39_ full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.”He aims to _40_ his journey by mid-July. With any luck, hell turn a few more heads in the process.21. A. clevererB. olderC. strangerD. simpler22. A. garbage-eatingB. sports-lovingC.
37、 food-wastingD. law-breaking23. A. secretlyB. finallyC. entirelyD. probably24. A. purposeB. wayC. opinionD. dream25. A. observeB. imagineC. suggestD. remember26. A. storeB. cookC. shop forD. throw away27. A. lockedB. damagedC. connectedD. abandoned28. A. boughtB. offeredC. orderedD. sold29. A. reaso
38、nsB. rightsC. feesD. aids30. A. begging forB. giving awayC. hidingD. causing31. A. didB. keptC. acceptedD. risked32. A. hardlyB. usuallyC. particularlyD. merely33. A. easiestB. nearestC. biggestD. richest34. A. workB. shoutC. askD. jump35. A. competitionB. conversationC. conflictD. challenge36. A. a
39、dequateB. rewardingC. demandingD. suitable37. A. againB. aloneC. laterD. fast38. A. spiritB. energyC. timeD. effort39. A. stomachB. handC. pocketD. basket40. A. arrangeB. restartC. reportD. finish【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. C 37.
40、D 38. B 39. A 40. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一位法国人Baptiste Dubanchet为了引起人们对浪费食物的重视，骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存的事情。【21题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. cleverer更聪明的；B. older更老的；C. stranger更奇怪；D. simpler更简单的。根据常识可知，通常观点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. garbage-eating吃垃圾的；B. sports-loving爱好体育的；C. food-wasting浪费食物的；D. law-breaking破坏法律的
41、。根据下文可知，这个法国人吃垃圾。故选A。【23题详解】考查副词辨析。A. secretly秘密地；B. finally最后；C. entirely完全地；D. probably很可能。Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词辨析。A. purpose目的；B. way道路，方式；C. opinion意见；D. dream梦想。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月，1900英里的旅程，是Dubanchet引起欧洲和全世界对食物残羹注意的方式。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词辨析。A. observe观察；B. imagine想象；C.
42、suggest建议；D. remember记得。你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. store存储；B. cook做饭；C. shop for购买某物；D. throw away扔掉。虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁、卫生规定或商业政策，很多食物仍然难以接近。故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. locked上锁的；B. damaged被损坏的；C. connected连接的；D. abandoned被抛弃的。根据it remains inaccessible可知，这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。A.
43、bought买；B. offered提供；C. ordered命令；D. sold销售。只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢弃。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。A. reasons原因；B. rights权力；C. fees费用；D. aids援助。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. begging for乞求；B. giving away分发；C. hiding隐藏；D. causing造成。由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词辨析。A. did做；B. kep
44、t保持；C. accepted接受；D. risked冒的危险。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。故这里意思是有些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。故选D。【32题详解】考查副词辨析。A. hardly几乎不；B. usually通常；C. particularly特别是；D. merely仅仅。特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet事件的态度。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. easiest最容易的；B. nearest最近的；C. biggest最大的；D. richest最富有的。根据后文while the most difficult was the C
45、zech town of Pilsen.可推知，这里意思是柏林是最容易的，与后文形成对比。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词辨析。A. work工作；B. shout呼喊；C. ask询问；D. jump跳跃。在那里，他必须在大约50家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能找到食物。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词辨析。A. competition竞赛；B. conversation会话；C. conflict冲突；D. challenge挑战。当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。故选D。【36题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. adequate充足的；B. rewarding有益的
46、；C. demanding要求高的；D. suitable适当的。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严峻了。故选C。【37题详解】考查副词辨析。A. again再一次；B. alone独自地；C. later后来；D. fast迅速地。我必须迅速得到食物，因为骑了那么多自行车，我累了，我需要能量。故选D。【38题详解】考查名词辨析。A. spirit精神；B. energy能量；C. time时间；D. effort努力。根据because after all the biking I am tired可知，我需要能量。故选B。【39题详解】考查名词辨析。A.
47、 stomach胃；B. hand手；C. pocket口袋；D. basket篮子。根据That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.可知，这里意思是我的胃是满的还是空的。故选A。【40题详解】考查动词辨析。A. arrange安排；B. restart重新开始；C. report报告；D. finish结束。根据With any luck, hell turn a few more heads in the process.可推知，这里意思是他计划在七月中旬结束他的旅行。故选D。第三部分：阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2.5分，
48、满分25分）AAs cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line（装配线） on September 27, 1908. Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fi
49、fteen million of them.Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be Americangoing forwar
50、d at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history.In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with “a chicken in e
51、very pot and a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrialThe cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has
52、grown by 22 percent since 1990.The problems of excessive（过度的）energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L. Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.Friedman points out that the green economy（经济）is a chance to keep
53、American strength. “The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”41. Why is hamburger mentioned in paragraph 2?A. To explain Americans love for travelling by car.
54、B. To show the influence of cars on American culture.C. To stress the popularity of fast food with Americans.D. To praise the effectiveness of Americas road system.42. What has the use of cars in America led to?A. Decline of economy.B. Environmental problems.C. A shortage of oil supply.D. A farm-bas
55、ed society.43. What is Friedmans attitude towards Americas future?A. Ambiguous.B. Doubtful.C. Hopeful.D. Tolera【答案】41. B 42. B 43. C【解析】文章讲述了汽车在美国经济和文化上的重要作用，也指出了汽车带来的环境问题。【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of Ameri
56、can culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger.可知，现代美国诞生于公路和汽车，汽车塑造了美国文化最持久的一些方面。Hamburger就是汽车塑造的美国文化的一个方面。用这个例子是在说明汽车对美国文化的影响，故选B。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster.可知，美国汽车的迅速发展，导致全球生态灾难，也就是造成环境问
57、题。故选B。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.和最后一段中的Friedman points out that the green economy（经济） is a chance to keep American strength.可见，Friedman虽然对未来担心，但抱有最好的希望，他指出了发展绿色经济是保持美国实力的一个机会的想法。可见Friedman对未来是充满希望的，故选C。点睛：细节理解题的具体方法：1. 略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。2. 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关
58、的信息词。如for example, first, second等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3. 将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1要求分析第二段提到hamburger的作用，根据第二段Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects of American culture: the roadside diner, the bil
59、lboard, the motel, even the hamburger.可知，现代美国诞生于公路和汽车，汽车塑造了美国文化最持久的一些方面。Hamburger就是汽车塑造的美国文化的一个方面。用这个例子是在说明汽车对美国文化的影响。BSteven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that hes an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things t
60、hat fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Steins jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a g
61、rowing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台). The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people a
62、ssume.Among the bag makers argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.The
63、industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a co
64、tton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.Environmentalists dont dispute(质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.44. What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A. Help increase gro
65、cery sales.B. Recycle the waste material.C. Stop things falling off trucks.D. Argue for the use of plastic bags.45. What does the word “headwinds” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Bans on plastic bags.B Effects of city development.C. Headaches caused by garbage.D. Plastic bags hung in trees.46. What is th
66、e best title for the text?A. Plastic, Paper or NeitherB. Industry, Pollution and EnvironmentC. Recycle or Throw AwayD. Garbage Collection and Waste Control【答案】44. D 45. A 46. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了几种购物袋的使用情况，塑料袋会造成环境问题，纸袋尽管容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源，环保主义者希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中one of Steins jobs i
67、s defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.斯坦的工作之一就是保护塑料购物袋背后的产业。和第二段中plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.塑料袋制造商正在雇佣像斯坦这样的科学家来证明他们的产品对地球的危害并不像大多数人想象的那么严重。可知，塑料袋生产商雇用Steven Stein是为了证
68、明他们的产品并不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害，为使用塑料袋进行辩护。故选D项。【45题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. 可知，介绍在许多美国大城市塑料袋被禁用，看到这种现状，塑料袋生产商雇用Steven Stein等科学家是为了证明他们的产品并不像大多数人想象的那样对地球有害。故此处指塑料袋被禁用的现状，即Bans on plastic bags，故选A项。【46题详解】主旨大意题。文章讲述了使用塑料袋会造成环境问题，纸袋容易回收，但生产和运
69、输需要更多的能源，环保主义者希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。对这三种方式进行了对比，Plastic, Paper or Neither既能概括全文，又能吸引读者，最适合作为标题。故选A项。CBy the end of the century, if not sooner, the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海
70、洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton
71、in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the oceans appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that h
72、elps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist
73、in MITs Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton co
74、uld become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does
75、 that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the comin
76、g decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “Itll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning
77、signals that we really have changed our planet.”47. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.48. What does
78、the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Sensitive.B. Beneficial.C. Significant.D. Unnoticeable.49. What can we learn from the passage?A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.B. Dutkiewiczs model aims to project phytoplankton changes.C. Phytoplankton ha
79、ve been used to control global climate.D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.50. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.D.
80、 To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.【答案】47. B 48. A 49. D 50. C【解析】本文为一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。这一现象的原因是因为一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因为光线反射的作用，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案，现在浮游植物受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，让浮游植物的生长更加旺盛，所以海洋相应会变得更蓝、更绿。【47题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段By the end of the century, if not sooner, the worlds oceans w
81、ill be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。结合第二段At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton cre
82、ate colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.可知，这种现象的核心是一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于海洋的类型和浮游植物浓度。由此可推断出这两段主要叙述了海洋生物是海洋颜色变化的原因。故选B。【48题详解】猜测词义题。根据划线词后的Warming changes key cha
83、racteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断，浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，也就是很敏感。故A项正确。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton
84、 could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener.可知，Dutkiewicz的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。但是在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿了。由此可推断，浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，浮游动植物就更多了，这些水域会变得更绿了。故D项正确。【
85、50题详解】主旨大意题。第一段提出文章的主旨By the end of the century, if not sooner, the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.可知，一项新的研究表明，到本世纪末，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿，接下来详细讲述了原因。故C项正确。第四部分：七选五（10分）This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about
86、something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them They can seem forgetful and clumsy_51_They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important thingsBut daydream
87、ers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history_52_Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First, un
88、derstand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams_53_And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably someth
89、ing simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawingsIts also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concerntrate “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep_54_Finally, you never know what
90、wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away_55_Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the cloudsA. Having interesting things to think about also helpsB. They stare off into space and wander by themselvesC. Without wandering minds, we would
91、nt have relatively, Coke or Post-it notesD. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnessesE. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentiveF. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may b
92、e hard to understandG. Therefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone【答案】51. B 52. C 53. E 54. A 55. G【解析】本文属于说明文，介绍了每个人都会做的白日梦，白日梦有不好的方面，但也有很多好的地方。文章中给出了三条很好的利用其积极面的建议。【51题详解】考查逻辑关系。根据第一段主要说的是大众印象中的白日做梦有哪些弊端，选项在文章前后句中起到段内逻辑连接的作用。B项：They stare
93、off into space and wander by themselves他们凝视着天空，独自漫步，符合语境，故选B。【52题详解】考查逻辑例证。本段话锋一转说到了白日做梦其实有着很多的好处选项前后依然是顺承关系。C项：Without wandering minds，we wouldnt have relatively，Coke or Post-it notes没有恍惚的思绪，我们将不会有相对论、可乐或者便条符合文意故选C。【53题详解】考查逻辑关系。根据上句Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams可知感觉安
94、全和放松会帮助你进入白日梦。本选项中的it指代前句的动名词短语feeling safe and relaxed，解题线索明显，故选E。【54题详解】考查逻辑关系。本段主要讲如何避免不合时宜的白日做梦，A项：Having interesting things to think about also helps思考感兴趣的事情也是有帮助的，符合文意。且选项中有also为提示词，故选A。【55题详解】考查逻辑关系。根据上句Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly a
95、way可知你永远不会知道好的想法会什么时候出现，然而可能会慢慢忘记。G项：Therefore，its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone因此，你应该带一个本子随时记，本选项中的逻辑词Therefore可为做题线索之一，故选G。第II卷（非选择题 共35分）第一节：单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）56. He tried to stay calm, but his trembling hands b_ his nervousness.（根据首字
96、母单词拼写）【答案】betrayed【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他努力保持镇静，但他颤抖的双手泄露了他的紧张。根据单词首字母以及句意“泄露，背叛”，可知应填动词betray，作谓语，且根据上文tried可知应用一般过去时。故填betrayed。57. The lecturer spoke so fast that I wasnt able to a_ everything that he said. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】absorb【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这个演讲者说得太快了，我没能听懂他说的每一句话。be able to do能够做某事，根据句意可知，空白处要填的意
97、思为“理解，明白”，结合首字母的提示，可知填出单词absorb“明白，理解”。故填absorb。58. According to the sign, no one is to stop _(车辆) here.（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】vehicles【解析】【详解】考查名词的数。句意：根据标志上的规定，任何人不得在此停车。根据汉语提示“车辆”可知应填名词vehicle，作宾语，且vehicle为可数名词，前文没有冠词，故应用复数。故填vehicles。59. Alcohol can damage the liver and do great harm if c_ in large quant
98、ities. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】consumed【解析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：酒精会对肝脏造成损害，如果大量饮用则危害巨大。根据句意可将条件状语从句补充完整为：if alcohol is consumed in large quantities，与主句主语一致，此时可省略主语和be动词。故填consumed。60. Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more s_ to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】
99、sensitive【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：与妹妹相比，Jerry对情感和关系问题更加敏感，也更容易受到困扰。根据单词首字母以及句意“敏感的”，可知应填形容词sensitive，作表语。故填sensitive。61. Is he a close friend of you or an _(熟人)? （根据汉语提示填空）【答案】acquaintance【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他是你的好朋友还是熟人。分析句子,此处需填入名词被an修饰。acquaintance译为 “熟人”，此处符合题意。故填acquaintance。62. Since the match, he hasnt sp
100、oken to me even though we sit next to each other in class. Its really a_.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】awkward【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：自从比赛之后，他就没跟我说过一句话，即使我们在班里就坐在一起。真是尴尬。分析句子可知，空白处需要形容词作表语，结合首字母来看，前句描述的场景显然是比较令人尴尬的，要用awkward表示“尴尬的”。故填awkward。63. There were _(分歧）among doctors about the best way to treat the disease. （根据汉语
101、提示填空）【答案】disagreements【解析】【详解】考查名词及名词的数。句意：医生们对治疗这种疾病的最佳方法意见不一。分析句子，此处可用disagreement表示题干中“分歧”，作句子表语，且disagreement为可数名词，根据there be 中be动词用了复数形式可知，此处的disagreement也应用复数形式。综合分析，故填disagreements。64. The c_ cashier counted the cash carefully in order to be certain that the number was correct. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案
102、】cautious【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：谨慎的收银员仔细数了数现金以确定数字是正确的。根据单词首字母以及句意“谨慎的”，可知应填形容词cautious，作定语修饰名词cashier。故填cautious。65. - Can you recommend some books on the present financial crisis?- What about this book dealing with the social, e_ and political issues of the period? （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】economic【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句
103、意：你能推荐一些关于当前金融危机的书吗？这本关于那个时期的社会、经济和政治问题的书怎么样？分析句子结构，设空处和social，political并列，需填形容词作定语修饰名词issues，economic意为“经济的”。故填economic。第二节语篇填空“Do the difficult things while they are easy and do the great things while they are small.” “Nothing is softer or _66_(flexible) than water, yet nothing can resist it.”Thes
104、e are the food for thought _67_(serve) to tube passengers at Oval station in south London. Its been 14 years since customer services manager Anthony Gentles _68_(inspire) to brighten up the “blank faces” of travelers with daily wisdom from his favorite book, Tao Te Ching. Every day he wrote one quot
105、e on the board _69_(him). Mr. Gentles said offering quotes from ancient China was his way of _70_(try) to make people feel more welcome as they braved the Underground.Thousands of quotes later, Mr. Gentles favorite message remains the first one he wrote: “A journey of a thousand miles must begin _71
106、_ a single step”. Because its _72_(fundamental) true,” he said. “No matter _73_ you live your life, regardless of your Situation, you have to take the first step.Since 2007, the baton(接力棒) has been taken on by his colleague Glen Sutherland, _74_ quotes on the situation information board have set off
107、 a wave of _75_(enthusiastic) to copy the practice across the capital.【答案】66. more flexible 67. served 68. was inspired 69. himself 70. trying 71. with 72. fundamentally 73. how 74. whose 75. enthusiasm【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了安东尼根特尔斯从他最喜欢的书道德经中汲取了日常智慧，在形势信息板上的言论引发了首都各地效仿这一做法的热潮。【66题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：“没有什么东西比水
108、更柔软更有弹性，但也没有什么东西能抵抗它。”根据softer和空后的than可知，此处使用flexible的比较级。故填more。【67题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在伦敦南部的Oval车站，这些食物为地铁乘客提供了精神食粮。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词are，设空处需填非谓语动词。serve和其逻辑主语 food for thought为动宾关系，需填过去分词作后置定语。故填served。【68题详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：14年以来，客户服务经理安东尼根特尔斯从他最喜欢的书道德经中汲取了日常智慧，为游客们“面无表情”的脸上增添了光彩。since引导的从句使用一般过去时，ins
109、pire和Anthony Gentles之间是被动关系，一般过去时被动语态的基本句型是：was/were+done，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was inspired。【69题详解】考查反身代词。句意：每天他自己在黑板上写一句话。分析句子结构，主语和宾语一致，需用he对应的反身代词himself。故填himself。【70题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根特尔斯说，他引用古代中国的名言，是为了让勇敢地走进地铁的人们感到更受欢迎。分析句子结构，of为介词，设空处需填动名词作宾语。故填trying。【71题详解】考查介词。句意：在无数次引用之后，根特尔斯最喜欢的一句话仍然是他
110、写的第一句话:“千里之行，始于足下”。begin with为固定短语，意为“以开始”。故填with。【72题详解】考查副词。句意：因为它从根本上是真实的。分析句子结构，设空处修饰形容词true，需用副词。故填fundamentally。【73题详解】考查连接词。句意：“无论你过着怎样的生活，无论你的处境如何，你都必须迈出第一步。”这里是no matter+疑问词的结构，从句中缺少方式状语，需用连接词how。故填how。【74题详解】考查定语从句。句意：自2007年以来，他的同事格伦萨瑟兰(Glen Sutherland)接过了接力棒，他在形势信息板上的言论引发了首都各地效仿这一做法的热潮。分析
111、句子结构，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Glen Sutherland在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。【75题详解】考查名词。句意：自2007年以来，他的同事格伦萨瑟兰(Glen Sutherland)接过了接力棒，他在形势信息板上的言论引发了首都各地效仿这一做法的热潮。分析句子结构，of为介词，设空处需填enthusiastic的名词形式，enthusiasm意为“热情，热忱”。故填enthusiasm。第三节：书面表达（15分）76. 假设你是李华，你所居住的城市环境变得越来越差。请你给市长先生写一封信，请求市长关注，简要说明存在的问题，并提出自己的
112、建议。1. 存在问题：1）水污染和大气污染越来越严重；2）森林被破坏和砍伐。2. 就如何改善和保护环境提出建议。字数要求：100词左右。【答案】Dear Mr. Mayor,The environmental pollution is more and more serious today. And when trees are cut down, some animals disappear. There is more and more dirty smoke in the air. Peoples health has been greatly affected by air, nois
113、e and water pollution. In order to live a better life, its time for us to protect our world. Firstly, we shouldnt throw away rubbish everywhere. And we should recycle, reduce and reuse things. Use things for as long as possible. Also, we must plant more trees and stop people cutting them. In short,
114、it is our responsibility to protect our city. I would be grateful if the government could take some steps to solve this environmental problem.Yours,Li Hua【解析】分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是李华，你所居住的城市环境变得越来越差。请你给市长先生写一封信，请求市长关注，简要说明存在的问题，并提出自己的建议。1. 存在问题：1）水污染和大气污染越来越严重；2）森林被破坏和砍伐。2. 就如何改善和保护环境提出建议。
115、第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：environmental pollution (环境污染)；more and more serious(越来越严重)；cut down (砍伐)；affect (影响)；water pollution (水污染)；in order to (为了)；recycle, reduce and reuse(回收、减少和再利用)；rubbish(垃圾)；as long as possible (尽可能久地)；responsibility(责任)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如And when trees are cut down, some animals disappear.运用时间状语从句；In short, it is our responsibility to protect our city.运用形式主语it，真正的主语不定式放在句末。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
