1、必修5Unit 2The United Kingdom真题在线(2012 湖北高考) 请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you make use of it.注意： 无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；除诗歌外，文体不限；文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；词数为120左右。_佳作欣赏Three years ago I failed an important exam in my life and became a student in an ordinary scho
2、ol.Disappointed as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorlyequipped classroom, I found the teachers patient and considerate.Besides, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class.I decided to make the best of it.I worked hard and got along well with my teachers and classmates.Whenever I had difficult
3、ies, they were always available.Soon, I became one of the top students in my class, which greatly increased my confidence and got me motivated.My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are.精彩采撷高级词汇记住下列词汇的用法1considerate adj.体贴的2availab
4、le adj.可利用的；可得到的3besides 另外4make the best of 充分利用5get along with sb.与某人相处6make use of 利用佳句背诵背诵下列句子，并体会与佳作欣赏中相对应句子的差异Although the shabby campus and the poorlyequipped classroom made me disappointed, I felt the teachers patient and considerate as well. Both my teachers and classmates were helpful no m
5、atter when I had difficulties.Soon I was among the top students in my class, which made me greatly confident and motivated.I learn from my experience that it is how you make use of what you are given that tells who you are.(对应学生用书第136页)单词速览 1.consist vi.组成；在于；一致2clarify vt. 澄清；阐明3alike adj. 相同的；类似的4
6、fold vt. 折叠；对折5splendid adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的6unite vt.& vi. 联合；团结united adj. 团结的union n. 联盟7accomplish vt. 完成；达到；实现accomplishment n. 完成；成就8conflict n. 矛盾；冲突conflictive adj. 矛盾的9unwilling adj. 不愿意的；不乐意的willing adj. 乐意的；愿意的10rough adj. 粗糙的；粗暴的roughly adv. 粗略地；粗糙地11attract vt. 吸引；引起注意attraction n. 吸引；吸引力at
7、tractive adj. 吸引人的12delight vt. 使高兴；使欣喜 n. 快乐；高兴delighted adj. 高兴的delightful adj. 令人高兴的13enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的；使人高兴的enjoy vt. 喜欢14arrange vt. 筹备；安排；整理arrangement n. 安排；整理15furnished adj. 配好装备的；带家具的furnish vt. 装修；装备家具furniture n. 家具16convenience n. 便利；方便convenient adj. 方便的；便利的17plus pre. 加上；和 adj. 加的；
8、正的；零上的【看单词，学构词】在13.enjoyable一词中，able为后缀，亦作ible，表示“可的；能的；应的”，加在动词或名词后，使变为形容词。课标中常见的有：fashionable，comfortable，flexible，possible，responsible，reliable，capable，terrible，invisible，imaginable，sensible等。短语快译1consist_of由组成2divide.into 把分成3break_away_(from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离4to_ones_credit 为带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在名下5leave_out 省去
9、；遗漏；不考虑6take_the_place_of 代替7break_down (机器)损坏；破坏8refer_to 谈到，说到；参考；涉及；查阅9be_proud_of 对感到骄傲10make_a_list 把列出清单句式构建1find宾语宾语补足语Now when people refer to England you find_Wales_included_as_well现在只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士也是包括在内的。2过去分词(短语)作状语Worried_about_the_time_available，Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the s
10、ites she wanted to see in London.由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。3状语从句的省略It looked splendid when_first_built!当第一次建的时候它看上去很辉煌！4It seemsadj.that从句It_seemed_strange_that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.奇怪的是，这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在那里去世。5Itbe名词词组that从句Its_a_pity_
11、that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century dont attract visitors.这些在十九世纪建立的工业城市并不吸引游客，这是一个遗憾。(对应学生用书第138页)1consist vi.组成，构成；在于；一致(教材P9)How many countries does the UK consist of？联合王国由几个国家组成？(1)由组成；包括consist inlie in在于；存在于(2)consistent adj.协调的，一致的be consistent with. 和一致；相符Life consists
12、 of/is made up of not only sunshine but also hard times.生活中不仅有阳光，还有艰难困苦的时候。The company consisting of/made up of 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.由15家小工厂组成的这家公司正面临着严重的财政危机。Happiness does not consist_in how much money you have.幸福不在于你拥有多少金钱。【温馨提示】由consist组成的几个短语虽然都具有及物性，但是不能用于被动语
13、态和进行时态。2arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理；排列(2012湖南高考阅读理解A)As I was arranging the details another poem came to mind.当我筹备细节问题的时候，另一首诗浮现在我脑海中。(1)arrange sth.for sb.为某人安排某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事arrange for sb.to do sth.安排某人做某事arrange with sb.to do sth.与某人约定做某事arrange that.商定；安排(2)make arrangements for为做好安排Its not n
14、ecessary for parents to arrange everything for their children.父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。We have_arranged_that I should go for the weekend.我们已经安排好我周末去。The local newspaper made_arrangements_for an interview with the famous scientist.当地报纸安排对那位著名的科学家进行采访。【温馨提示】arrange后接that从句时，从句用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，should可省略。3deligh
15、t vt.使高兴；使欣喜 n快乐；高兴；使人高兴(满意)的事(教材P14)Her first delight was going to the Tower.她最想参观的地方是伦敦塔。(1)delight in (doing) sth.以某事为乐(尤指不该做的事)(2)take (great) delight in以为乐with delight高兴地；愉快地to ones delightto the delight of sb.使某人高兴的是(3)delighted adj.高兴的；快乐的be delighted at为某事而高兴be delighted with喜欢；对满意be delight
16、ed to do sth./that为而高兴(4)delightful adj.令人快乐的；有趣的(朗文P576)To the delight of his proud parents，he has made a full recovery.他完全康复了，他自豪的父母因此很高兴。(2012陕西高考完形填空)Much to his delight，he saw his mistress blue shirt in the distance.让他非常高兴的是，在远处他看到了女主人蓝色的衬衣。We were_all_delighted_to_receive your letter.我们都很高兴收到你
17、的来信。【温馨提示】delight作名词可以用于抽象名词具体化，表示一件令人高兴的事。类似的词的用法如success；failure，pleasure等。4attract vt.吸引；引起(2012山东高考阅读理解C)The bridge，which has attracted international attention，is now a local landmark.这座桥已经引起了世界注意，是当地的一个标志性建筑。What do you think attracts people to big cities？你认为是什么把人们吸引到大城市的？1leave out省去；遗漏；不考虑(教材
18、P11)Which country is left out?哪个国家被漏掉了？【一词多义】写出下列句子中leave out的含义He didnt say anything that was false，but he left out important information on purpose.遗漏He asked the reporter to leave out the last part of the passage.省去Whenever you say something，never leave out the others feelings.不考虑leave alone不去打扰(
19、某人)leave aside不予考虑；搁置一边leave behind留下；忘带；遗留leave for动身去(朗文P1291)Barry took up the story where Justine had left off.巴里从贾斯廷停下的地方接着把故事讲下去。As the rocket gets farther into space，the earths atmosphere is left behind.随着火箭越来越远地进入太空，地球的大气就被抛在后面。The child would be terrified of being left_alone in the big hous
20、e.这孩子一个人留在那座大房子里会感到害怕的。Lets leave the matter aside for a moment.让我们把这件事搁一会再说。考点拾遗2divide into把分成The river is divided into two streams at this point.大河在这里分成两条支流。The teacher divided the class into five groups.老师把班上同学分为五组。(教材P10)It_is_a_pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do
21、 not attract visitors.遗憾的是，这些在19世纪建立起来的工业城市并不能吸引游客。句法分析：在本句子中，it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语；built in the nineteenth century为过去分词短语作后置定语。(1)it可以作形式主语，真正的主语是后边的不定式、动名词或句子。(2)it也可以作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后边的不定式、动名词或句子。(3)在its no good/no use/a waste of time/a waste of money doing sth.结构中，真正的主语是后边的动名词。(朗文P1731)Its a great pit
22、y Joyce wasnt invited.乔伊斯没有受到邀请实在是太遗憾了。Its no surprise that our team has won the game.我们队赢了比赛并不惊奇。Its_no_good arguing with him.和他争辩没有好处。.单词拼写1I told him he could come here at his _(方便)2They have _(安排) for some students to pick up my daughter at the airport.3The club _(组成) of more than 200 members.4T
23、he teacher clapped her hands to_(吸收) the childrens attention.5To his parents _(高兴)，he has made a full recovery after the accident.【答案】1.convenience2.arranged3.consists4.attract5.delight.选词填空consist of，divide into，leave out，take the place of，break down，in memory of，to their credit，break away1This wor
24、d is misspelt.You have _ a letter.2The professor has suddenly fallen ill.Who can _ him to give the lecture?3The Rome empire _ in 476 AD.4The museum was built _ the great writerLu Xun.5The country _ nearly 200 islands.【答案】1.left out2.take the place of3.broke down4.in memory of5.consists of.完成句子1真奇怪我妈
25、妈竟然答应了我。_ my mother should have agreed with me.2机会出现时，他竟然没有抓住，真是遗憾。_ he should fail to grasp the chance when it arose.3布伦达发现丈夫躺在楼梯下面，她拨打了911。Brenda _ at the bottom of the stairs and called 911.【答案】1.It was strange that2.Its a pity that3.found her husband lying(对应学生用书第140页)过去分词作宾补用所给动词的适当形式填空1Upon ar
26、riving home，I was surprised to find the paper I had had _(prepare) was missing.【答案】prepared2In the job interviews，job applicants often find themselves _(ask) unexpected questions，some very difficult to answer.【答案】asked3They will have you _(arrest) if you dont pay taxes，because it is everyones duty t
27、o pay taxes.【答案】arrested4To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English _(speak) as much as we can.【答案】spoken5When the minister came to the snowstricken area，he was happy to see the disaster victims well _(take) care of.【答案】taken6Excuse me，would you please open the door for me?So
28、rry，I havent got the key _(unlock) it.【答案】to unlock7Childrens being addicted to the Internet get their parents _(worry)【答案】worried话题(二十二)历史与地理英国【写作素材】提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。1英国的全称是“大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国”，它由英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰四个国家组成，其中英格兰是四个国家中最大的一个。_2英国位于欧洲西北面，英吉利海峡(the English Channel)把它与欧洲大陆分开。_3英国是世界上第一个工业化国家，它在18
29、世纪至20世纪早期是世界上最强大的国家。时至今日它仍是一个拥有巨大影响力的世界强国。_4首都伦敦是欧洲最大和最具国际特色的城市。_【连句成篇】可选用定语从句，and，until today等将以上句子连成一篇短文_【参考范文】The full name of the UK is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，which consists of four countriesEngland，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland，among which England is the
30、largest one.The UK lies in the northwest of Europe and is separated from the Europe Continent by the English Channel.As the first industrial country，the UK used to be the strongest country in the world from the 18th century to the early 20th century.Until today it is still a highly influential world
31、 power.Its capital London is Europes largest and most international city.(对应学生用书第141页)细节理解题一般根据短文提供的信息和事实进行提问，命题人通常通过对文章细节加以改写，来考查考生准确理解细节的能力。细节理解题的正确选项通常有以下特征：1对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。2词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。3语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。4正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项
32、(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。细节理解题可分为以下三种类型：1直接信息题答案几乎可以直接从短文中获得，答案和原文中含有的相关信息在用词上也几乎相同。【真题印证】(2013山东高考)Jimmy is an automotive mechanic，but he lost his job a few months ago.He has a good heart，but always feared applying for a new job.56. Why did Jimmy apply for a new job?AHe was out of work.BHe was bored with his
33、 job.CHe wanted a higher position.DHe hoped to find a better boss.【解析】直接信息题。根据本段中的he lost his job可知他失业了，因此要去申请一份新工作。选项B “他厌倦了他的工作”，选项C “他想得到一个更高的职位”以及选项D “他想找到一个更好的老板”在文中均未提及。【答案】A2间接信息题有时在原文中找不到同正确选项相近的词，其答案可能是原文某一事实的结果、原因、前提等。【真题印证】(2013新课标全国卷)If the CRF seems to be a smart idea, thats because Lee
34、 is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levis and Sony. That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored (味道) chocolates.45Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea
35、of the CRF?AHe knows the importance of research.BHe learns from shops of similar types.CHe has the support of many big names.DHe has a lot of marketing experience.【解析】间接信息题。根据第一句可知，Lee不仅仅是一个经验丰富的销售员，而且是一个与大品牌有业务往来的市场部经理，因此可以知道他有许多市场经验，正是他丰富的市场经验使得他的CRF理念得以实现。所以选D。【答案】D3数字计算题文章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响
36、。解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。【真题印证】(2013福建高考)Offer Limited to 40 per household2012 American Silver Eagle CoinYour cost 14 Coin$38.95 eachs/h59 Coins $38.45 eachs/h1019 Coins $37.95 eachs/h2040 Coins $37.45 eachs/hNote：$10 s/h(shipping and handling)for each purchase For fastest servic
37、e，call tollfree 24 hours a day65If you buy six 2012 US.Mint Silver Eagles by post，you should pay at least _A$230.7B$233.7C$240.7 D$243.7【解析】数字计算题。根据文章所提供的价格表：59 Coins $38.45 eachs/h；并结合Note：$10 s/h(shipping and handling)for each purchase可计算如下：$38.45610$240.7，因此答案为C。【答案】CA(2013新课标全国卷)In 1947 a group
38、of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music，dance and theatre in Edinburgh.The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.1What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?ATo bring Europe together again
39、.BTo honor heroes of World War .CTo introduce young theatre groups.DTo attract great artists from Europe.【解析】细节理解题。根据本段最后一句话“The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.”可知答案为A。【答案】AB(2012山东高考)The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disas
40、ter area.Naurus heartbreaking story could have one good consequenceother countries might learn from its mistakes.For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain o
41、f the Hunter，a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.2What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?ARich and powerful.BModern and open.CPeaceful and attractive.DGreedy and aggressive.【解析】细节理解题。属于词义变化类型由第一段第一句“.used to be a beautiful place.”可知瑙鲁曾经是很迷人的(attractive)；由第二段中的“.lived on the re
42、mote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.”可知瑙鲁是一个地处偏远，远离西方文明的岛国，故应当是很静谧的(Peaceful)，由此可知选C项。A项表示“富庶且强大的”；B项表示“现代且开放的”；D项表示“贪婪且好斗的”，这三项均不符合文章的细节。【答案】C课后限时自测(二十二)(对应学生用书第377页)(建议用时：30分钟).语法填空It happened at a weekend in the 1970s.Mum gave me two tickets for a film，telling me she was too busy t
43、o go together with me with the _1_(end)housework.She told me to keep the money if I could sell the extra ticket.I was very happy.At that time，a ticket cost only 20 fen.But to me，a little girl of twelve，20 fen seemed quite a lot.I reached the cinema _2_(hurry)Holding the ticket in my hand，I began to
44、look for a buyer.Just then a handsome young man，_3_noticed me and the ticket，came towards me with a big smile.“Youve got _4_ extra ticket？”“Yes，”I nodded.“Thats great.Say how much？”“20 fen.”“Oh，”he thought for a while and then took out a tenyuan note _5_ his wallet.“Im terribly sorry，_6_ Ive only go
45、t this note.”Seeing I was confused，he added，“Then how about waiting for a while _7_ I have changed it in the cinemas store？”“Without much thinking，I agreed.Then we went to the cinema together.He walked very fast.I could hardly keep up with _8_Soon he disappeared.I stood there _9_(puzzle)Suddenly I r
46、ealized the handsome young fellow _10_(cheat)me.”Before long I found that hed sold the ticket to a little boy.He earned 20 fen，but lost his honor!【语篇解读】作者想卖掉额外的一张电影票，挣得的20分留给自己用。不料，票却被一个年轻人骗走了。1endless此处为housework的前置定语，因此用形容词；且根据语境可知母亲因忙于没完没了的家务不能和“我”一起去看电影，此处应填endless。2hurriedly此处修饰动词reached，所以填hur
47、ry的副词形式。3who此处为非限制性定语从句，因先行词为man，指人，故填who，并在从句中作主语。4an此处指“一张额外的票”，为泛指意义。且ticket为单数名词，又因为extra的发音是以元音音素开头的，所以填an。5from此处表示从钱包里拿钱出来，因此用介词from。6but“Im sorry，but.”为常用句式，but后引出道歉的原因。7before/until/till他提议让作者等一会儿直到他在商店里把钱换好。也可以用before，表示在钱换好之前让作者等一会儿。8him此处指那个男青年，作宾语，所以用宾格形式。9puzzled此处用形容词作伴随状语，表状态。10had c
48、heatedcheat的动作发生在realized之前，因此用过去完成时。.阅读理解New Zealand，which is a beautiful beach country，draws many people looking for a new life.Its cities are considered as some of the best places to live in the world，and with a population of only 4.4 million there remain plenty of untouched lands to explore and
49、enjoy.The big draw for modernday visitors is the countrys beautiful scenery and natural wonders.Sailing，surfing，hiking，camping and any outdoor activity you know can be done in New Zealand.With an increasing number of visitors arriving every year，environmentalists and the government are concerned abo
50、ut protecting the nature.Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand，with a population of 1.3 million.Known as the City of Sails，it sits on a narrow land between the Waitemata and Manukau Bays.The citys suburbs stretch for many miles along coast.Its most popular places to live are Westmere，Ponsonby，
51、Grey Lynn，Ellerslie and Meadowbank.These are the areas seeing the highest home prices in the country.At the southern of the North Island sits Wellington，the capital and diplomatic centre of country，built in the hills above the Cook Strait that separates the North Island from the South Island.It has
52、the countrys best public transport，Metlink，and considers itself the coolest city in New Zealand.“No matter where we live，beach culture has always been a big part of our culture，”said Shane Mason.“Its pretty common to leave town during the summer and spend Christmas and New Year at the beach.”“New Ze
53、aland is a good place to visit and a great place to live，”said Mason，who now lives in Berlin.“Ive discovered there is no place like home.”1Many people move to New Zealand because _Athey want to live a new life in the place fit to liveBit has a lot of beautiful scenery and natural wondersCthey want t
54、o explore and enjoy plenty of untouched landsDit has a population of only 4.4 million【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，新西兰的城市被认为是世界上最适合居住的地方，所以它吸引着远近的人为寻求新的生活而移民到此，故选A项。【答案】A2What does the underlined word“stretch”mean?AExtend.BPull.CAttract. DDraw.【解析】词义猜测题。根据语境可知，这里指的是城市的郊区沿着海岸延伸了好多英里，stretch意为“延伸”。【答案】A3From t
55、he passage we can learn Wellington _Ais much larger than AucklandBsees the highest home prices in the countryCis the political center of New ZealandDseparates the North Island from the South Island【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段可知，惠灵顿坐落于北岛南端，是新西兰的首都和外交中心(the capital and diplomatic centre of country)，建造在将北岛和南岛分隔开来的库
56、克海峡的丘陵上，故选C项。【答案】C4From what Mason said we can infer _Aits beach culture is the most unimportant cultureBshe hopes to live in New Zealand for the rest of her lifeCpeople seldom leave their homes to the beachDshe thinks New Zealand is the best place to live【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，现住在柏林的梅森说的“新西兰是一个旅游的好去处，也
57、是一个生活的好地方”。由此可判断出选D项。【答案】D.阅读填句(2014内蒙古包头一中模拟)Money MattersParents should help their children understand money. _1_ so you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.1The basic function of moneyExplain the basic function of money by s
58、howing how people trade money for goods or services. Its important to show your child how money is traded for the thing he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier._2_ when your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function o
59、f money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.2Money lessonsApproach money lessons with openness and honesty. _3_If you must say no to a childs request to spend money, explain，“You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have t
60、o make a choice between this toy and that toy.”3_4_Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a producta name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品), for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. _5_ If he chooses th
61、e cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases. AWise decisionsBThe value of moneyCPermit the child to choose between them.DTell your child why he can or cannot have certain things.E
62、Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.FTalk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.GThe best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.【答案】15G F D A C.短文改错(2014衡水中学质检)Dear Peter，Im very glad to receive your email
63、asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with.Locating in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, the house was big enough to enable you to have a room of your own.Apart from the convenient public transportation, our private car will make your visits difficult.Because al
64、l the family members can speak fluently English and have outgoing personalities, Im sure you will have no trouble to communicating with them.Above all, they hosted the American student last year, through that they gained lots of experience.In addition, the hostess cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.Hope you enjoy your stay here.Yours, Li Hua【答案】第一句：you前加for第二句：Locating改为Located；was改为is第三句：our 改为their；difficult改为easy第四句：fluently改为fluent；去掉communicating前的to第五句：the改为 an；that改为 which第六句：hostess改为hostess
