1、阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Decision- making under StressA new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore the possible negative(负面的) consequences of a decision.The resear
2、ch suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways.“Stress affects how people learn, ”says Professor Mara Mather. “People learn better about positive than negative outcomes under stress. ”For example, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images (
3、影像) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed particip
4、ants remembered the rewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately than those who hadnt gone through the stress.This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stressat those moments, only the p
5、leasure associated with such activities comes to mind. But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect. Not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences are also less easily recalled.The research also found that stress appears to affect dec
6、ision- making differently in men and women. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.Men who had been stressed by the cold- water task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in
7、 the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risk- taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better; when caution weighs more, however, women will win.This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addi
8、cted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.1. We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to.A. keep rewards better in their memory B. recall consequences more effortlesslyC. make risky decisions more frequently D. learn
9、a subject more effectively2. According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their.A. ways of making choicesB. preference for pleasureC. tolerance of punishmentsD. responses to suggestions3. The research has proved that in a stressful situation,.A. women find it easier to fall into
10、 certain habitsB. men have a greater tendency to slow downC. women focus more on outcomesD. men are more likely to take risks【参考答案】13、AAD阅读理解Charlie Boswell has always been a great hero. He has inspired thousands of people to rise above circumstances and live out true meaning of life.He was blinded
11、during World War II while rescuing his friend from a tank that was under fire. He was a great athlete before the accident. In order to prove his talent and determination, he decided to try a brand new sport, a sport he never imagined playing, even with his eyesight golf! Through determination and a
12、deep love for the game he became the National Blind Golf Champion! He won that honor 13 times.One of his heroes was the great golfer Ben Hogan, so it truly was an honor for Charlie to win the Ben Hogan Award in 1958.Upon meeting Ben Hogan, Charlie was respectful and stated that he had one wish and i
13、t was to have one round of golf with the great Ben Hogan. Mr. Hogan agreed that playing a round together would be an honor for him as well, as he had heard about all of Charlies accomplishments and truly admired his skills.“Would you like to play for money, Mr. Hogan?” asked out Charlie.“I cant play
14、 you for money, it wouldnt be fair!” said Mr. Hogan.“Aw, come on Mr. Hogan$ 1,000 per hole!”“I cant, what would people think of me, taking advantage of you and your circumstance?” replied the sighted golfer.“Chicken, Mr. Hogan?”“Okay,” replied the embarrassed Hogan, “but I am going to play my best!”
15、“I wouldnt expect anything else,” said the confident Boswell.“Now that youre on. Mr. Boswell, you name the time and the place!”The very self assured Boswell responded, “10 oclock tonight!”6Why didnt Mr. Hogan want to play Charlie for money? AHe was worried he would lose the match.BHe thought it was
16、unfair for Charlie.CHe didnt care about money.DHe preferred chicken to money.7According to the text, what does the underlined word “self - assured” probably mean?AignorantBselflessCconfidentDsincere8It can be inferred from the text that .AMr. Hogan was not good at playing golfBCharlie did well in ot
17、her sports before playing golfCMr. Hogan didnt try his best to playDCharlie Boswell was born blind9What would be the result of the match? ACharlie won. BHogan won.CNeither of them won.DNot mentioned.10Which of the following can best describe Charlie?ACompetitive and generousBEnergetic and reliableCC
18、areful and considerate DConfident and smart【参考答案】610、BCBAD 阅读理解 Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home. What to ExpectThe host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be clean
19、ed and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health. Accommodation Zones Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Mos
20、t hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential (居住的). Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area. It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.Meal Plans Available* Continental Breakfast* Breakfast and Dinner*
21、 Breakfast, Packed Lunch and Dinner Its important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal (谷物类食品), bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not nor
22、mally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by desert, fruit and coffee. Friends If you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your hosts permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as s
23、ome families feel it is an invasion of their privacy. Self-Catering Accommodation in Private Homes Accommodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room. This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the
24、long-stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much. 11. The passage is probably written for _.A. host willing to receive foreign studentsB. foreigners hoping to build British
25、cultureC. travelers planning to visit families in LondonD. English learners applying to live in English homes12. Which of the following will the host provide?A. Room cleaning. B. Medical care. C. Free transport. D. Physical training. 13. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A. Zone 4 is more crowde
26、d than Zone 2. B. The business centre of London is in Zone 1. C. Hosts dislike traveling to the city centre. D. Accommodation in the city centre is not provided.14. According to the passage, what does continental Breakfast include?A. Dessert and coffee B. Fruit and vegetables. C. bread and fruit jui
27、ce D. Cereal and cold meat. 15. Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation?A. To experience a warmer family atmosphere. B. To enrich their knowledge of English.C. To entertain friends as they like. D. To enjoy much more freedom. 【参考答案】1115、DABCD【陕西省咸阳市2014高考英语模拟试题】 情景对话(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分) 根
28、据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有两个为多余选项。Sherry: Hey, Bab. 6 _ Im going to Quebec next summer. Id also like to do some sightseeing.Bob: 7 Sherry. But do you mean the province of Quebec or Quebec City?Sherry: I mean the province.Bob: 8 Sherry: Well, 9 My French is okay, but not tha
29、t good. I know most people there speak French, but can also use English.Bob: Well, but youll hear French most of the time and all the street signs are in French. So youd better practice your French before you go.Sherry: 10 What about Quebec City?Bob: Its a beautiful city, very old. Youll love it the
30、re.Sherry: Fantastic! I cant wait to go. A . I appreciate your help. B. Thats nice. C . What about going to Quebec? D. Do you think I can manage it in English? E. Good advice. F .Guess what? G .Oh, I have got it.【参考答案】610 FBGDE信息匹配。根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2014大连模拟)Recently a group
31、 of second-graders visited our school library to work on a“holidays around the world”project. The children created pictures showing holiday customs and then created voice recordings explaining what they drew. 1Now imagine taking things one step further and creating Podcasts(播客)in a classroom setting
32、. The term Podcast refers to an audio recording, linked to the Web, that can be downloaded to a personal MP3 player. The word is created from broadcast and from iPodthe wildly popular MP3 player from Apple. Using audio(音响)with students isnt new, of course. Teachers have used audiobooks at listening
33、centers and recorded student voice on tape or CD for many years. 2Podcasts, however, can reach a much wider audience in a time frame outside the school days. Booktalking, an old way of getting kids excited about books, gets a tech assistance with Podcasting. Students can do some booktalking themselv
34、es; book review Podcasts seem to be another natural way for students to share what they know, providing an alternative to the book report. 3Teachers made audio Podcasts, including visuals or video clips(视频片段)for any content area instruction and review. Some teachers have begun to record themselves t
35、eaching important concepts; this creates an account of information online for kids to access when theyre stuck on a homework assignment. 4Imagine being a classroom teacher in September who can actually hear how his or her students were reading in June the school year before. You dont need an iPod to
36、 make a Podcast. 5While an MP3 player is a popular and useful gadget, your audience doesnt need MP3 players to listen, either. Your students and their families can use the computer to play back what youve recorded. A. Audio and video files can also function as assessment tools. B. It is clearly show
37、ed in the incident that student-created voice recordings are effective. C. Podcasting is of vital importance to the classroom setting. D. Podcasting is used for various excellent reasons. E. You can make a Podcast if you have a computer, a microphone, and some free software. F. Podcasting needs a variety of devices. G. Voice and music have been seen as the original media for teaching. 答案: 15. BGDAE。
