1、第二课时Using language.词汇初探1port n. 港口2unaware adj. 没有意识到的，不知道的aware (反义词) adj. 意识到的；知道的awareness n. 意识；认识3alcohol n. 酒精4cotton n. 棉布5wool n. 羊毛；毛织品woolen/woollen adj. 羊毛(制)的；毛料的6guideline n指导方针；指导原则7bleeding n. 流血；失血bleed vi.& vt. 流血bled/bled (过去式/过去分词)blood n. 血，血统，血液bloody adj. 出血的，血染的，伤亡惨重的8liquid n
2、. 液体9injury n. 损伤；伤害injure v. 伤害injured adj. 受伤的10stretch v. 延伸；绵延.短语互译1上升；升起 rise_up2寻找 hunt_for3搭建 put_up4生火 build_a_fire5first aid 急救6put pressure on 施加压力7take ones temperature 给量体温8cool down 冷却下来.经典句式1Hours later, the waves rose up over our ship, breaking it into two and throwing us overboard.(P
3、53)几个小时后，海浪在我们的船的上空掀起，把船分成两半，把我们抛到海里。2Our only hope of survival was to_swim to the nearest island.(P53)我们唯一的生存希望是游到最近的岛上3Once the wound is cleaned and dry, cover it with a bandage.(P54)一旦伤口清洁干燥，用绷带包扎。4Although_regarded_as the most dangerous road in the country, it is also known as the “heavenly road
4、” for its amazing views.(P55)虽然被认为是全国最危险的道路，但它也因其惊人的景观而被称为“天路”。.语法初探单句语法填空1She said the bus was_leaving (leave) at five the next morning.2I wasnt sure whether he would_lend (lend) me his book the next morning.3He was fiftysix. In two years he would_be (be) fiftyeight.4Whenever she had time, she woul
5、d_help (help )them with their work.5She didnt tell me where she would_go (go)1 教材原句Our only hope of survival was to swim to the nearest island.(P53)我们唯一的生存希望是游到最近的岛上The doctor gave him one in ten chances of survival.医生给了他十分之一的存活机会。归纳拓展(1)survive vt. 比活得长；幸免于；(从困境中)挺过来 vi. 幸免；幸存；生还survive sth. 幸免于；从中
6、挺过来/活过来survive on 依靠生存下来A survive B (by.) A比B活得长()(2)survivor n. 幸存者名师点津survive 表示“幸免于”时，是及物动词，因而不需要加多余的介词in, from等。即时巩固单句语法填空/完成句子How does the family survive on such a small monthly wage?As far as I know, the old lady survived her husband by 5 years.As one of the few survivors who luckily survived
7、the ship crash, the little girl was amazed at the survival of herself.(survive)Of all the museums paintings, only few survived_the_fire.在这次火灾中，该博物馆的全部藏画只有几幅幸免于难。2 教材原句Learning first aid is helpful before you go on an adventure！(P54)在冒险之前学习急救是有帮助的！归纳拓展(1)do/offer/give/perform/carry out first aid to s
8、b. 对某人进行急救with the aid of sb.with sb.s aid 在某人的帮助下in aid of 为了援助go/come to ones aid 去/来援助某人applying for aid 申请支援(2)aid sb. in sth./doing sth. 在某方面帮助某人aid sb. with sth. 以某事/某物帮助某人aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事即时巩固单句语法填空/完成句子With the aid of the teacher, all of us in our class have made great progress.We a
9、re collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes.He was so kind a boy that he often aided his mother to_clean (clean) the table, even the furniture.I couldnt speak any French, but a nice man came_to_my_aid and told me where to go.我不会说法语，但是一位好心的男士来帮助我并告诉我怎么走。3 教材原句Once the bleeding
10、has stopped, clean the area out with fresh water or alcohol.(P54)一旦出血停止，用清水或酒精清洗伤口。归纳拓展(1)bleed (bled; bled) vi. 流血；出血；敲诈钱财bleed for. 为而流血/悲痛bleed to death 因出血过多而死亡(2)blood n. 血bloody adj. 出血的，血染的，伤亡惨重的即时巩固单句语法填空/完成句子He lost a lot of blood (bleed) in the accident.The wounded soldier could have been
11、saved if he had not been left to bleed_to_death on the battle field.那名伤兵若不是被遗弃在战场上失血过多而亡的话，他本来是可以得救的。4 教材原句Offer first aid advice for injuries or illness in Activity 5. (P54)为活动5中的伤或疾病提供急救建议。She was taken to hospital with serious head injuries.她头部严重受伤被送到医院。归纳拓展(1)do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤
12、害某人(2)injure vt. 损害；伤害(3)injured adj. 受伤的the injured 伤员即时巩固单句语法填空Trying to save a little girl out of a car crash, he had his leg injured (injure)The injured in the accident were (be) rushed to the hospital at that time.5 教材原句Challenging but rewarding.(P55)有挑战性但有回报。归纳拓展(1)challenge n. 挑战 face the cha
13、llenge 面临挑战accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战(2)challenge vt. 向挑战challenge sb.to sth. 向某人挑战某事challenge sb.to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事名师点津challenge 本身已含有“向；对”的意义，因而不要再加多余的to。向某人挑战即时巩固完成句子/单句语法填空He himself says he will face_the_challenge bravely.他本人说他会勇敢地面对挑战。I want to challenge him to a game of basketball.我想向他挑
14、战一场篮球赛。Mike found a challenging (challenge) job as a computer programmer.熟词生义We were challenged by police at the border. (v.盘问，查问)6 教材原句Challenging but rewarding.(P55)有挑战性但有回报。归纳拓展(1)reward n. 奖赏，酬劳，奖品as a reward (for.) 作为(对的) 报酬/奖赏in reward for 为酬谢；作为的奖励(2)reward v. 酬谢，奖励reward sb.for sth. 因某事而奖赏某人
15、reward sb.with sth. 用某物回报某人即时巩固完成句子/单句语法填空Id like to do something in_reward_for_her_kindness.我想做点什么来报答她的好意。The man rewarded the boy with $10 for bringing back the lost dog.Traveling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding (reward) experience.教材原句Put pressure on the cut with a clean c
16、loth.(P54)用干净的布按压伤口。归纳拓展blood pressure 血压under the pressure of 在压迫下under pressure 在压力下即时巩固单句语法填空/完成句子The roof gave way under the pressure (press) of the snow.Some people work better under_pressure.有些人在有压力时工作得更好。I know studying is very important，but my parents put too much pressure_on me.我知道学习很重要，但父母
17、给我施加了太多的压力。Our only hope of survival was to swim to the nearest island.(P53)我们唯一的生存希望是游到最近的岛上句式分析be to do sth. 在此处为不定式作表语，对主语起补充说明的作用。Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.不管怎样，我的目标是为人类提供高质量的生活。归纳拓展(1)不定式作表语的常见用法：表示按约定、计划、职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作，这是将来时的一种用法。表示必须或应该，在意思上相当于must, sh
18、ould, ought to或have to。表示注定要发生或不可避免要发生的事。如果主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, happiness, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing, wish等为中心的名词，或what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语对主语起补充说明的作用。(2)be about to do sth. 表示“马上/就要”发生的动作或事情，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。常与when连用。即时巩固单句语法填空/完成句子The train is to_arrive (arrive) in Beijing at 8：20 am.You ar
19、e to_regret (regret) for what you have done.We were about to leave when it began to rain.The aim of education is to_teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly.教育的目的是教会年轻人自己思考，而不要盲目地效仿别人。句式分析if necessary 如果有必要，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式。归纳拓展if ever 如果有过/发生过的话if any 如果有的话if possib
20、le 如果有可能if so 如果这样的话if not 如果不这样 即时巩固完成句子They think she may try to phone. If_so,_someone must stay here.他们认为她可能会尽力打电话过来，要是这样的话，就得有人守在这里。If_necessary,_you may go to see the dentist.如果必要的话，你可以去请牙医看看。There are few, if_any,_mistakes in the book.那本书里即使有错误，也不多。She seldom, if_ever,_goes to the cinema.她不看电影
21、，即使看，也很少。过去将来时一、过去将来时的含义过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。例如：I didnt know if he would come.我不知道他是否会来。They never knew that population would become a big problem.他们从来都不知道人口问题将会成为一个大问题。二、过去将来时的表达法(一)would动词原形，常表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。例如：He said he would come to see me.他说他要来看我。He told me he would
22、go to Beijing.他告诉我他将去北京。(二)was/weregoing to动词原形，常可用来表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如：She said she was going to start off at once.她说她将立即出发。此结构还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。例如：It seemed as if it was going to rain.看来好像要下雨。(三)was/were to动词原形。was/were to动词原形常用于表示过去按约定、计划、职责、义务、要求等即将发生的动作或者注定要发生或不可避免要发生的事。例如：The building was
23、 to be completed next month.这座建筑改在下个月竣工。Li Lei was to arrive soon.李蕾很快就要到了。(四)was/were about to动词原形。be about to do sth.表示“马上、就要”发生的动作或事情，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。常与when连用。例如：We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly.就在我们要离开时，天突然下起了大雨。(五)come, go, leave, arrive, start 等动词可用过去进行时代替过
24、去将来时。例如：He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。She told me she was coming to see me.她告诉我她要来看我。(六)条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如：The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didnt work hard.老师说，如果我不努力学习的话，就很难取得进步。(七) 过去将来时用于虚拟语气中。在if引导的非真实条件句中
25、，表示与现在或将来事实相反时，主句谓语动词用would/could/might do sth.。例如：If I were you, I would not do that.要是我是你的话，我就不会那样做。If he were here, he would show us how to do it.如果他在这儿，他就会向我们展示该如何做了。即时巩固.单句语法填空1At college, Barack Obama didnt know that he would_become (become) the first black president of the United States of Am
26、erica.2More expressways will_be_built (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.3As you go through this book, you will_find (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.4James has just arrived, but I didnt know he was_coming (come) u
27、ntil yesterday.5They made up their mind that they would_buy (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.6We were_leaving (leave) very early so we packed the night before.完成句子1The conference was_going_to_be_held the next month.会议下个月开。2. We were informed that the leaders were_coming to our school soon.我
28、们接到通知说领导们很快要来我们学校。3He said he would_never_go there again.他说他绝不会再去那儿。4Betty said she would_visit the Great Wall next Saturday.贝蒂说下周六她要去参观长城。5He was_about_to_have lunch when the bell rang.就在他要吃中饭的时候，门铃响起来了。.单词拼写1He was completely unaware (未觉察的) of the whole thing.2When he got up from the ground, he fo
29、und his knee bleeding (流血)3Solid, liquid (液态) and gas are the three states of matter.4The car turned right over, causing severe injury (伤害) to the driver.5When you want to get the food that is at a distance, do not stretch (延伸) your hands to reach for it.6These guidelines (指导原则) will help figure out
30、 what college you want to go to.选词填空make it； used to； day after day； put up； hunt for1He has to learn how to collect water, hunt_for food, and make fire.2They plan to put_up a new house in the countryside.3The newspaper job had me doing the same thing day_after_day.4Although he liked acting, he neve
31、r really made_it as an actor.5Life now is much better than it used_to be.语法练习完成句子1I didnt know when she would_come but when she came I would_let you know.我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。2I was told that he was_going_to_return home.有人告诉我他准备回家。3He said he would_be here at nine oclock.他说他会在九点钟到这里。4I told her that I was_going_to_wash the car the following day.我告诉她第二天可能要洗车。5He said they were_to_meet at the gate of the school.他说他们将在学校门口见面。
