1、湖南省永州市2020届高三英语第二次模拟试题（含解析）注意事项：1.本试卷共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。3. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选
2、出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C1. Whats the mans plan for the winter?A. To visit Beijing. B. To visit Austria. C. To visit some relatives.2. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a hotel. B. In the hos
3、pital. C. At home.3. How does the woman feel now?A. Happy. B. Upset. C. Relaxed.4. What will the man do on Saturday evening?A. Attend a party. B. Do cooking. C. Go cycling.5. How much will the man pay?A. $5. B. $10. C. $20.第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题
4、5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the woman think of her vacation?A. Surprising. B. Amazing. C. Exhausting.7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues. B. Teacher and student. C. Guide and tourist.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What is the man?A. A doctor.
5、 B. A banker. C. A personal trainer.9. How often does the man eat meat?A. Every day. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.10. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Eat no meat. B. Change his habits. C. Have more visits.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What will the man do next month?A. Find a new roommate
6、.B. Move out of his apartment.C. Fix the windows and doors.12. What does the woman like about the apartment?A. The rent. B. The roof. C. The location.13. What will the woman probably do next?A. Call the house owner.B. Go back to her office.C. Bargain with the man.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. Where did the w
7、oman see the guest speaker?A. In the school hall. B. In the hallway. C. In the classroom.15. How many lectures will there be?A. One. B. Two. C. Three.16. What is the final lecture mainly about?A. Travel safety. B. Road safety. C. Classroom safety.17. What kind of class did the woman take?A. Cooking.
8、 B. Metal Working. C. Wood Working.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. Which year of high school are the students in now?A. The first year B. The second year C. The final year19. Why does the speaker ask college students to join some clubs?A. To learn new things. B. To have great fun. C. To make friends.20. What
9、are the speakers tips mainly about?A. How to spend time in college.B. How to study well in college.C. How to live happily in college.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑ASince the modern Olympics began in 1896, it has been held in more than 40 diffe
10、rent cities. That gives Olympic fans quite a few possible travel destinations to choose!Beijing, ChinaOlympic fans should consider visiting the Beijing Olympic Park to check out the special buildings of the so-called “Birds Nest” and “Water Cube”the national stadium and aquatics center built for the
11、 2008 Beijing Olympics. Popular historic places in Beijing include the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and Tiananmen Square.Innsbruck, AustriaLocated in the heart of the Alps, Innsbruck is known as a great winter destinationwhich explains why it has hosted not one but two Winter Olympics. Known f
12、or its mountainous views, Innsbruck is the perfect stop for outdoor adventurers.Mexico City, MexicoThis wonderful travel destination offers a wide number of popular museums, historic buildings, and public parks. People will love shopping for fresh meat and produce at the markets, taking a cooking cl
13、ass, and generally eating their way through Mexico City, which is especially known for its culinary (烹饪的) experiences that include both globally well-known restaurants and locally favored street carts.Melbourne, AustraliaNearly half a century before Sydney hosted the 2000 Summer Olympics, Melbourne
14、became the first Australian host city in 1956. Head to the “cultural capital of Australia”, located in Victoria on the southeastern coast, for an energetic cafe culture and art scene, Melbourne offers something for every type of traveler and everyone can enjoy an evening at one of the citys many roo
15、ftop bars or a day of wine tasting.1. Where will you go if you are fond of adventure?A. Beijing, China.B. Mexico City, Mexico.C. Innsbruck, Austria.D. Melbourne, Australia.2. What can visitors do in Mexico City?A. Enjoy wonderful culinary classes.B. Buy beautiful clothes and shoes.C. Admire beautifu
16、l mountainous views.D. Visit special stadiums for the Olympics.3. What can we know about Melbourne?A. It is famous for all kinds of wine.B. It has many world-famous hotels.C. It hosted the Summer Olympics twice.D. It can satisfy different travelers needs.【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要给读者介绍了四个因为举
17、办奥运会而成为热门旅游景点的城市。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三部分的Known for its mountainous views, Innsbruck is the perfect stop for outdoor adventurers.(以其山景著名，Innsbruck是户外探险者的完美去处)可推测，如果喜欢探险，可以去Innsbruck。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四部分的People will love shopping for fresh meat and produce at the markets, taking a cooking class, and
18、 generally eating their way through Mexico City, (人们喜欢在市场购买新鲜的肉产品，上烹饪课，在墨西哥城边走边吃)可知，人们在墨西哥城可以享受美妙的烹饪课。A. Enjoy wonderful culinary classes.(享受美妙的烹饪课)符合以上说法，故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五部分的Head to the “cultural capital of Australia”, located in Victoria on the southeastern coast, for an energetic cafe cultu
19、re and art scene, Melbourne offers something for every type of traveler and everyone can enjoy an evening at one of the citys many rooftop bars or a day of wine tasting.(墨尔本位于澳大利亚东南部沿海的维多利亚港，号称澳大利亚的文化之都，在这里你可以欣赏到充满活力的咖啡馆文化和艺术景观，每个类型的旅行者、每个人都可以在城市的屋顶酒吧享受一整晚，或品一天酒)可以推测，墨尔本可以满足不同旅行者的需求。D. It can satisf
20、y different travelers needs.(它可以满足不同旅行者的需求)符合以上说法，故选D项。BThe new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting July 1. Many citizens are still confused about the classification of the four different types of trash. Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to clar
21、ify the new rules.The guideline, published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitation Bureau, provides a rather clear definition on the four kinds of waste: recyclable waste, hazardous (有害的) waste, household food waste and residual (剩余的) waste.Hazardous waste, as the name suggests, includes asso
22、rted poisonous materials like used batteries, light bulbs, out-of-date medicines, paint and pesticides.Household food waste, which is translated to “wet trash” in Chinese，refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers.Paper, plastic, glass, metal
23、and textiles (纺织品) are counted as recyclable waste.The definition of residual waste is a little confusing. Anything that is not listed above belongs in this category.As specific as the new guideline is, residents still have a hard time sorting trash correctly and are finding it challenging to memori
24、ze them all. For instance, both plastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials. However, the former falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residual waste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come up with their own ways to sort trash.“We should do
25、this from a pigs angle,” commented one netizen. “Those edible (可食用的) for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs dont want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must be hazardous waste. Those which can be sold and the money we gain can be used t
26、o purchase pigs are recyclable waste.” The new regulation has gone into effect on July 1. Those who do not sort their trash properly will be fined RMB200.4. What do the old thrown-away sweaters belong to?A. Residual waste.B. Hazardous waste.C. Recyclable waste.D. Household food waste.5. What does “w
27、et trash” have in common?A. They are completely wet.B. They all come from plants.C. They can give off bad smell.D. They can break up easily.6. What is the tone of the netizen?A Humorous.B. Serious.C. Delightful.D. Uncertain.7. What is the main idea of the text?A. Shanghai bans four sorts of garbage.
28、B. Shanghai launches garbage sorting enforcement.C. Citizens in Shanghai still question garbage sorting.D. Citizens in Shanghai welcome the garbage sorting policy.【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海执行新的垃圾分类规定，并对垃圾分类给出了官方解释。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段的Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺
29、织品) are counted as recyclable waste.(纸，塑料，玻璃，铁制品和纺织品都属于可回收垃圾)可知，纺织品属于可回收垃圾，扔掉的旧毛衣属于纺织品，故它是可回收垃圾。C. Recyclable waste. (可回收垃圾)符合以上推测，故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段的Household food waste, which is translated to “wet trash” in Chinese，refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM
30、 herbs (中药) and flowers.(家庭食物垃圾，中文也叫湿垃圾，是指食物剩余，腐烂的食品，宠物食品，水果皮，中药残余和花等)可推测，湿垃圾有一个共同特征容易降解。D. They can break up easily.(它们容易降解)符合以上推测，故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的We should do this from a pigs angle,” commented one netizen. “Those edible (可食用的) for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs dont want
31、 to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must be hazardous waste. Those which can be sold and the money we gain can be used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste.(一位网友说，我们可以从猪的角度来做这件事，猪可以食用的是家庭食物垃圾；那些猪都不吃的是残余物；如果一头猪吃了什么东西死了，那些东西一定是有害垃圾；那些可以卖掉赚钱卖猪的是可回收垃圾)
32、可以看出该网友很幽默。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，其主旨一般在首段或者尾段。根据本文的主要内容，尤其是第一段的The new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting July 1. (新的垃圾分类规定已定于7月1日在上海生效)和Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to clarify the new rules.(值得庆幸的是，当局已经发布了一份官方指南来澄清这些新规定)可知，本文主要讲述上海执行新的
33、垃圾分类标准。B. Shanghai launches garbage sorting enforcement.(上海实行垃圾分类执法)可以概括本文主旨，故选B项。【点睛】第4小题考查主旨大意题。说明文和议论文的主旨大意一般体现在首段或者尾段。以本篇为例：根据文章第一段的The new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting July 1.和Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to clarify the new rule
34、s.可知，本文主要讲述上海执行新的垃圾分类标准，并且官方对垃圾分类做出了解释。故B. Shanghai launches garbage sorting enforcement.(上海实行垃圾分类执法)可以概括本文主旨。CDetroit Hives is a non-profit organization that buys vacant lots in the city to transform into bee farms. Timothy Paul and Nicole Lindsey started the non-profit last year, focused on improv
35、ing the Motor Citys “left behind” communities and educating people on bees.Timothy got interested in honey and honeybees because of a cough he couldnt shake. He was sick for months, until a store owner in nearby Ferndale recommended he try some local honey. Soon Timothys cough was gone. And he and N
36、icole found that abandoned urban sites often became illegal dumping grounds, contributing to an overgrowth of allergens (过敏原) not to mention the mess. The couple began to think about how to settle that issue by producing local honey on vacant sites, and Detroit Hives was born.To become certified bee
37、keepers, Timothy and Nicole took two courses. They bought their first vacant lot for $340, with the aid of the Detroit Land Bank Authority community partnership program. From there, they built three hives and vegetable garden plots. Thousands of bees now buzz (嗡嗡) on the lot. “The neighbors say they
38、 wish we were there decades of years ago. That area had always been a place where people dumped garbage, so when we came here, we gave that area a sense of purpose. The neighbors keep an eye on the area to make sure that people dont dump any more,” Lindsey said.Currently, Detroit Hives has partnered
39、 with local Detroit Soup and a homeless shelter to provide local, raw honey and they also sell their sweet product. In addition, Detroit Hives spreads awareness about bees through public tours of the farm. The couple also speak at schools in the area. They aim to expand beyond their first farm this
40、year.8. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 2?A. The method of curing cough.B. The inspiration for Detroit Hives.C. The terrible environment in Detroit.D. The medical value of local honey.9. What can we learn about the couples work?A. It enriched the variety of vegetables.B. It distu
41、rbed the neighbors normal life.C. It improved the environment in the area.D. It enabled neighbors to live in harmony.10. Why does Detroit Hives offer public tours?A. To appeal to more customers.B. To help expand their first farm.C. To promote their honey product.D. To help people learn more about be
42、es.11. Which of the following best describes the husband and wife?A. Optimistic.B. Faithful.C. Creative.D. Demanding.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对夫妇因为偶然的机会接触到蜂蜜，之后通过自己的智慧和努力把城市倾倒垃圾、传播疾病的废弃土地变成养蜂农场，最终扩大规模形成了一个非盈利组织底特律蜂巢的故事。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段的主要内容，尤其是最后一句The couple began to think abo
43、ut how to settle that issue by producing local honey on vacant sites, and Detroit Hives was born.(这对夫妇开始考虑如何通过在空地上生产当地蜂蜜来解决这个问题，于是底特律蜂巢诞生了)可知，本段主要讲述建造底特律蜂巢的灵感对城市空地的利用。B. The inspiration for Detroit Hives.(底特律蜂巢的灵感)符合以上说法，故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的That area had always been a place where people dumped
44、garbage, so when we came here, we gave that area a sense of purpose. The neighbors keep an eye on the area to make sure that people dont dump any more,(那个地方一直是人们倾倒垃圾的地方，我们的到来给了那个地方一种使命感。邻居都密切关注着这个区域，确保人们不再在这里倾倒垃圾)可知，作者夫妇的工作让这个地区的环境变好了，因为人们不再往这里倾倒垃圾。C. It improved the environment in the area.(改善了该地区的
45、环境)符合以上说法，故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的In addition, Detroit Hives spreads awareness about bees through public tours of the farm.(此外，底特律蜂巢通过公众参观的形式来提高人们对蜜蜂的认识)可知，底特律蜂巢提供公共参观的目的是让公众更多的了解蜜蜂。D. To help people learn more about bees.(帮助人们更多的了解蜜蜂)符合以上说法，故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段的From there, they built three
46、hives and vegetable garden plots.(从那儿，他们建造了三个蜂巢和一个菜园)和最后一段Currently, Detroit Hives has partnered with local Detroit Soup and a homeless shelter to provide local, raw honey (底特律蜂巢和当地的一个避难所合作，为他们提供当地的蜂蜜)和In addition, Detroit Hives spreads awareness about bees through public tours of the farm. The coup
47、le also speak at schools in the area. They aim to expand beyond their first farm this year.(此外，底特律蜂巢通过公众参观的形式来提高人们对蜜蜂的认识。他们还到学校演讲，并计划扩今年扩大第一个农场)可知，这对夫妇把废弃的空地变成养蜂农场，并且尽力帮助有需要的人，努力让人们更多的了解蜜蜂。由此推测，这对夫妇很有创造力。故选C项。DAs they reach school age, about 90 percent of children will have experienced a condition i
48、n which fluid (液体) fills the middle ear, muffling (使模糊) sound and sometimes causing infection. The fluid usually clears on its own, but if not, it can lead to a painful ear infection called acute otitis (中耳炎) media. In some cases the fluid can persist for more than a year, causing hearing loss durin
49、g this period, and slowing down their development of language and social skills.Diagnosis usually requires a visit to a specialistbut researchers have now developed an app that detects this fluid just as accurately, with only a smartphone and a paper funnel (漏斗).Doctors typically detect the problem
50、by peering into the ear for a visual assessment. Yet, this method has only a 50 percent accuracy rate. “Right now, if you bring your child to a pediatrician, or to any urgent care family doctor, the way they look at whether or not theres fluid in the middle ear is by looking at the eardrum,” says Sh
51、arat Raju, a surgeon in the department of head and neck surgery at the University of Washington.For a cheaper and more accessible alternative, researchers at the University of Washington turned to smartphones. First the user follows a template to cut and tape a piece of paper into a funnel, which ca
52、n be placed between a smartphone and the patients ear. Next the app plays a chirping sound through the phones speaker; the sound waves bounce off the eardrum and hit the phones microphone, where they register and are analyzed by the app. An eardrum with fluid behind it will vibrate (振动) differently
53、than if the middle ear is full of air, as it normally is.To develop the app, the researchers first played chirps for patients with and without fluid in their ears. They recorded the echoes (回音), which indicate the eardrums mobility. Then they used a machine learning model to classify the returning s
54、ound waves, determining which audio characteristics indicated a normal ear and which suggested the presence of fluid. Once they tested the app on 98 children, ranging from 18 months to 17 years old, at Seattle Childrens Hospital. It correctly detected fluid in 85 percent of cases, and correctly iden
55、tified fluid-free ears in 82 percent.The researchers are currently trying to get FDA approval for the app, and have founded a company to commercialize it. They hope to make it available by the end of the year, to help parents track childrens ear health at home.12 What do we know about the fluid from
56、 the first paragraph?A. It is mostly part of childrens growth.B. It is unavoidable for any child.C. It is a permanent physical condition.D. It is beyond any medical means.13. What does the underlined word “pediatrician” refer to in Paragraph 3?A. A hospital.B. A specialist.C. A relative.D. An app.14
57、. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A. The application of the app.B. The causes of the kids ear problem.C The purpose of developing the app.D. The experiment of the smartphone.15. What do the researchers expect of the app?A. It will upgrade the medical technology.B. It will hit the market in
58、 the near future.C. It will help children do better academically.D. It will save doctors medical operations.【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款检测孩子中耳是否有液体的手机app即将面世，该应用会让中耳液体检查更便宜、更准确。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段的As they reach school age, about 90 percent of children will have experienced a condi
59、tion in which fluid (液体) fills the middle ear, muffling (使模糊) sound and sometimes causing infection.(当他们到了上学的年龄，90%的孩子都会经历中耳被液体填充的情况，这种情况会使听到的声音模糊，有时会造成感染)可知，中耳被液体填充是绝大多数孩子成长中都会经历的，即是孩子成长的一部分。A. It is mostly part of childrens growth.(它几乎是孩子成长的一部分)符合以上说法，故选A项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子“Right now, if you
60、 bring your child to a pediatrician, or to any urgent care family doctor, the way they look at whether or not theres fluid in the middle ear is by looking at the eardrum,” says Sharat Raju,可知，现在如果你带孩子去pediatrician或者任何紧急护理的家庭医生处去，他们都是通过观察耳膜来判断孩子的中耳是否有液体。结合句意可知，pediatrician和家庭医生属于同类，故推测pediatrician是儿科
61、医生。B. A specialist.(一个专家医师)符合以上推测，故选B项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段的First the user follows a template to cut and tape a piece of paper into a funnel, which can be placed between a smartphone and the patients ear. Next the app plays a chirping sound through the phones speaker; the sound waves bounce off the
62、eardrum and hit the phones microphone, where they register and are analyzed by the app.(首先，用户按照模板将一张纸剪下来放到漏斗里，并把漏斗放在智能手机和病人耳朵之间的；然后，该程序通过手机扬声器播放一种啾啾声，声波从耳膜反弹并击中手机的麦克风，在那里它们显示并被应用程序分析)可知，本段主要讲述了检测中耳液app的应用。A. The application of the app.(该app的应用)符合以上说法，故选A项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的The researchers are cu
63、rrently trying to get FDA approval for the app, and have founded a company to commercialize it. They hope to make it available by the end of the year,(研究人员目前正在试图获得FDA对该程序的批准，并已经成立了公司将其商业化，他们希望在今年年底推出这项应用)可知，该app有望在今年年底面向市场。B. It will hit the market in the near future.(它会在不久的将来面向市场)符合以上说法，故选B项。第二节（共5
64、小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What does it mean to be intelligent?It seems that everyone goes to college now, whether or not they find themselves interested in studying something long term. Even though I know there are different ways to be intelligent, I struggle due to soc
65、ietys influence, which maintains that intelligence is quantifiable (可量化的) and that academic intelligence is one and the only.Where do IQ tests come into play when one considers intelligence? Do they fall closest to priority when considering this unquantifiable concept? Intelligence simply cannot be
66、reduced to an IQ test, which are not effective. While designed to measure “intelligence,” all they measure are biological developments that can change as one grows. _16_There are many factors that can indicate an intelligent being, such as academic intelligence, emotional intelligence, and worldly i
67、ntelligence. For instance, if a student realizes that they havent studied appropriately for an exam, he or she would have the ability to acknowledge that, and then make revisions to his or her study habits accordingly. _17_ Emotional intelligence is the intelligence that fosters self-awareness, self
68、-reflection, and self-improvement._18_ We cannot function without forming relationships and communication. This proves that being aware of oneself and reflecting in order to further better communication skills is an evidence to intelligence. Where would you be if you were a terrible communicator, un
69、aware, and unwilling to improve, but academically thriving?Emotional intelligence is what surpasses (超越) those who are hard-headed. Those who maintain academic intelligence may still be a bit dull and unaware of themselves. _19_Even as a college student, there are certain skills such as teamwork and
70、 communication that require awareness and an open mind in order to further their growth._20_ Academia is not only pictured and taught unfairly, or even close to what intelligence is if you were to quantify it. If you want to strive for mental growth, and maintain self-awareness through self-reflecti
71、on, you can apply that to any intelligence category.A. All of life is communicatory.B. Specifically, this is emotional intelligence.C. Intelligence is determined by many factors.D. Stubbornness is a barrier towards communication.E. In fact, there are many with low IQ scores that are intelligent.F. S
72、ome connections exist between intelligence and communication.G. So there is academic intelligence, emotional intelligence, and worldly intelligence.【答案】16. E 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. G【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述智商测试结果不能完全反应人的智力，因为人的智力除了学术智力，还包括情商智力和世俗智力等。只有具备各种智力人们才能正常的生活和工作。【16题详解】前文Where do IQ tests come into
73、 play when one considers intelligence?(考虑智力的时候，智商测试在哪儿起作用呢？)与E. In fact, there are many with low IQ scores that are intelligent.(事实上，有很多智商低但很聪明的人)首尾呼应，表明智力不仅仅表现在智商测试得分上。故选E项。【17题详解】前文For instance, if a student realizes that they havent studied appropriately for an exam, he or she would have the abil
74、ity to acknowledge that, and then make revisions to his or her study habits accordingly.(例如，如果一个学生意识到他们没有为考试进行适当的学习，他或她有能力承认这一点，然后相应地修改他们的学习习惯)与B. Specifically, this is emotional intelligence.(具体来说，这是情商智力)承接自然，选项中的this指代前文“承认自己没有适当学习，并做出相应改变”的行为。故选B项。【18题详解】下文We cannot function without forming relat
75、ionships and communication.(如果不建立关系和交流，我们就无法正常工作)与A. All of life is communicatory.(所有的生命都是交流的)话题相同，都强调了交流对于生命体的重要性。故选A项。【19题详解】前文Those who maintain academic intelligence may still be a bit dull and unaware of themselves(那些坚持学术智力的人很有可能有点迟钝，并且对自己认识不够清楚)与D. Stubbornness is a barrier towards communicati
76、on.(固执是交流的障碍)承接自然，选项中的stubbornness就是上文中提到的坚持学术智力的人。故选D项。【20题详解】G. So there is academic intelligence, emotional intelligence, and worldly intelligence.(因此，有学术智力，情感智力和世俗智力)用来总结上文提到的各种智力，且照应第三段提到的There are many factors that can indicate an intelligent being, such as academic intelligence, emotional int
77、elligence, and worldly intelligence.(有很多因素可以表明一个智力个体的存在，如学术智力，情商智力和世俗智力)。故选G项。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Linda worked as a waitress at the Route 130 diner in Dover, New Hampshire. One Thursday morning around 5:30 am, sh
78、e was _21_ two firefighters, Young and Hulling. Quite _22_, she heard that they had been up all _23_ putting out a fierce warehouse fire, which took twelve hours to get under control._24_, Linda decided to honor these two heroes by picking up their _25_ and writing them a heartfelt message of gratit
79、ude. It _26_, “Your breakfast is on me today. Thank you for all that you do Fueled by fire and driven by _27_, what an example you are! Get some rest.”This simple act of kindness meant so much to the _28_ firefighters. The firefighters _29_ and thanked her before leaving the _30_To return the young
80、ladys kindness, upon his arrival home, Hulling posted a Facebook update _31_ his friends to go eat at the diner, which was quickly _32_ over 3,000 times.However, it was not until afterwards that they realized Linda was _33_ the one that could use the _34_. When they found out that Linda was trying t
81、o _35_ money for her paralyzed father to get a wheelchair-accessible van, Young posted with a _36_ to a GoFundMe page for Lindas dad, and the support _37_.The total donations reached $60,000 and went beyond Lindas wildest dreams. She had never _38_ that her small gesture would be paid in such a _39_
82、 way. “Im truly blessed that those two walked through the doors today and _40_ for the opportunity to be a part of something so positive and uplifting. Linda said on Facebook.21. A. callingB. praisingC. servingD. anticipating22. A. in privateB. in publicC. by designD. by coincidence23. A. dayB. nigh
83、tC. morningD. afternoon24. A. TouchedB. ShockedC. ExcitedD. Embarrassed25. A. uniformB. moneyC. checkD. breakfast26. A. repliedB. wroteC. indicatedD. read27. A. concernB. courageC. confidenceD. curiosity28. A. worriedB. ambitiousC. modestD. exhausted29. A. showed upB. sat upC. teared upD. stayed up3
84、0. A. apartmentB. stationC. restaurantD. warehouse31. A. urgingB. forcingC. helpingD. reminding32. A. collectedB. examinedC. removedD. shared33. A. reallyB. normallyC. suddenlyD. hardly34. A. fireB. helpC. dinerD. message35. A. countB. donateC. changeD. raise36. A. noteB. pictureC. linkD. click37. A
85、. poured inB. spread outC. declinedD. doubled38. A. promisedB. expectedC. doubtedD. accepted39. A. rapidB. generousC. properD. conventional40. A. gratefulB. eagerC. readyD. greedy【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. B 40.
86、 A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。Linda在为两名消防员服务时，碰巧听说他们熬夜扑灭大火，所以帮他们付了饭钱并写了一封感谢信。后来其中一位消防员发现Linda更需要帮助，所以在筹款网站帮她发布了链接，很快大量的捐款过来了。通过这件事，Linda更加感激能够帮助别人，因为这让她得到了更大的帮助。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个周四，早上大约5点30，她正在为两个消防员Young and Hulling服务。A. calling叫，打电话；B. praising表扬；C. serving服务；D. anticipating预料。根据前文的Linda worked as a waitress
87、at the Route 130 diner in Dover, New Hampshire.可知，Linda的身份是服务员，故此处用“服务”符合语境，故选C项。【22题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：碰巧，她听说他们熬了一晚上，扑灭了一场凶猛的仓库大火，这场大火用了12个小时才控制住。A. in private私下地；B. in public在公共场合；C. by design故意地；D. by coincidence碰巧。结合上下文可知，此处是指她在为两个消防员服务时，偶然听到他们的对话，故用“碰巧”符合语境，故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：碰巧，她听说他们熬了一晚上，扑灭了
88、一场凶猛的仓库大火，这场大火用了12个小时才控制住。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. morning早晨；D. afternoon下午。根据前文的One Thursday morning around 5:30 am和which took twelve hours to get under control.可推测，消防员熬了一整夜12个小时，才把火扑灭，故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被他们的行为所感动，Linda决定为他们付钱来表达对他们的崇敬，并且写了一封衷心的感谢信。A. Touched感动的；B. Shocked震惊的；C. Excited兴奋的；D. E
89、mbarrassed尴尬的。根据下文and writing them a heartfelt message of gratitude.可知， Linda被消防员熬夜灭火的行为所感动了，故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：被他们行为所感动，Linda决定为他们付钱来表达对他们的崇敬，并且写了一封衷心的感谢信。A. uniform制服；B. money钱；C. check支票；D. breakfast早饭。根据下文的Your breakfast is on me today.可知，Linda决定为他们付账来表达自己的崇敬和感激，pick up ones check“为付账”，故选C项
90、。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：上面写着：“今天你们的早餐由我来付，非常感谢你们所做的一切你们以火和勇气为动力，你们真是好榜样！好好休息下！” A. replied回答；B. wrote写；C. indicated暗示；D. read读。read可以表达信息、标志、信件上写着什么，故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：上面写着：“今天你们的早餐由我来付，非常感谢你们所做的一切你们以火和勇气为动力，你们真是好榜样！好好休息下！” A. concern担心；B. courage勇气；C. confidence信心；D. curiosity好奇心。结合上下文，此处是指在Linda看
91、来需要极大的勇气才能扑灭猛烈的大火，故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个简单的善举对于这些疲惫的消防员来说意义重大。A. worried担心的；B. ambitious有抱负的；C. modest谦逊的；D. exhausted疲惫的。根据前文的which took twelve hours to get under control.可知,这场大火用了12小时才扑灭，故推测消防员现在很疲惫，故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：消防员流下了感动的泪水，在离开餐馆前由衷地感谢Linda。A. showed up出现；B. sat up坐直；C. teared up流泪
92、；D. stayed up熬夜。结合常识，看了Linda真情实意的感谢信，消防队员被感动了，所以流下了眼泪，故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：消防员流下了感动的泪水，在离开餐馆前由衷地感谢Linda。A. apartment公寓；B. station站；C. restaurant餐馆；D. warehouse仓库。根据前文的Linda worked as a waitress at the Route 130 diner in Dover,可知，Linda在一个餐馆当服务员，故此处用“消防员离开餐馆”符合语境和逻辑，故选C项。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了回报这个年轻女
93、士的善良，Hulling一到家就在Facebook上更新了消息，大力推荐他的朋友去这家餐馆吃饭，这条消息很快就被分享转发了3000多次。A. urging大力推荐；B. forcing强迫；C. helping帮助；D. reminding提醒。结合句意可知，此处用“大力推荐朋友去餐馆吃饭”符合语境，故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了回报这个年轻女士的善良，Hulling一到家就在Facebook上更新了消息，大力推荐他的朋友去这家餐馆吃饭，这条消息很快就被分享转发了3000多次。A. collected收集；B. examined检查；C. removed移除；D. sha
94、red分享。此处是指网友把Hulling的消息分享转发，故选D项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，很快他们意识到Linda才是那个真正需要这个帮助的人。A. really真正地；B. normally正常地；C. suddenly突然地；D. hardly几乎不。根据下文的they found out that Linda was trying to _15_ money for her paralyzed father to get a wheelchair-accessible van可知，Linda正在努力挣钱为她瘫痪的父亲买一个轮椅可以上的去的货车，所以Linda才是那个真
95、正需要帮助的人，故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，很快他们意识到Linda才是那个真正需要这个帮助的人。A. fire火；B. help帮助；C. diner餐厅；D. message信息。根据前文的Your breakfast is on me today.可知，Linda帮消防员付了早餐的费用，可后来Hulling意识到Linda才是需要帮助的人，故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们发现Linda正在努力筹钱为她瘫痪的父亲购买一个轮椅可以上去的货车时，Young在GoFundMe网站为Linda的爸爸发布了一条连接，此后援助源源不断地过来了。A. co
96、unt数；B. donate捐赠；C. change改变；D. raise筹集。根据上文的However, it was not until afterwards that they realized Linda was _13_ the one that could use the _14_.可知，Linda非常需要帮助，故此处用“她努力筹钱给父亲买货车”符合语境，故选D项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们发现Linda正在努力筹钱为她瘫痪的父亲购买一个轮椅可以上去的货车时，Young在GoFundMe网站为Linda的爸爸发布了一条连接，此后援助源源不断地过来了。A. note
97、 笔记；B. picture照片；C. link链接；D. click点击。根据前文的GoFundMe page可知这是一个专门筹钱的网站，在上面发布链接，捐的钱就可以直接到受捐赠人的账户，故选C项。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他们发现Linda正在努力筹钱为她瘫痪的父亲购买一个轮椅可以上去的货车时，Young在GoFundMe网站为Linda的爸爸发布了一条连接，此后援助源源不断地过来了。A. poured in涌入；B. spread out分散；C. declined减少；D. doubled加倍。根据下文的The total donations reached $60,00
98、0 and went beyond Lindas wildest dreams可知，捐款的数额远远超过了Linda的想象，故此处用“涌入”表达捐款的量很大，故选A项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从来没有想到她的一个小小的行为会以这样慷慨的方式得到回报。A. promised承诺；B. expected猜想；C. doubted怀疑；D. accepted接受。结合上下文，此处是指Linda没有想到会有这么多人帮助她，捐赠了那么多钱，故选B项。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她从来没有想到她的一个小小的行为会以这样慷慨的方式得到回报。A. rapid快速的；B. genero
99、us慷慨的；C. proper适当的；D. conventional守旧的，传统的。结合上下文，此处是指Linda的一个小小的行为得到了很大的回报，故此处用“慷慨的”符合语境，small和generous是反义词复现，故选B项。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Linda在Facebook上说：“我真的很幸运，今天那两个人走了进来，而且非常感谢能有机会成为如此积极向上的事情中的一部分。” A. grateful感激的；B. eager渴望的；C. ready准备好的；D. greedy贪婪的。结合上下文此处是指Linda很感激能帮助别人和被别人帮助，grateful和上文的gratitu
100、de是同义词复现，故选A项。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The Tibetan antelope, also known as the Chiru, is unique to the Tibetan Plateau of China, _41_ is the highest plateau in the world. The Tibetan antelopes are thin animals with four powerful legs and short
101、 tails, their bodies _42_ (cover) with abundant white and light-gray hair.The Tibetan antelopes feed mostly on grass. In winter, they dig into the snow _43_ (seek) food. They are good runners and can run for several hours in cold weather conditions, so they can sometimes escape from _44_ (wolf), the
102、ir main predators (捕食者), easily.The Tibetan antelopes _45_ (list) in the “Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora” as endangered species with a population estimated to be _46_ (little) than 35,000 and still on _47_ decline._48_ (thank), effective measures have
103、 been taken by China and India to prohibit the Tibetan antelopes _49_ being hunted. China has set up four nature reserves and thirty-two passages beneath the railways for the antelopes to immigrate. And both countries check the illegal trade strictly. People didnt believe these would work at first,
104、but now local people think they _50_ (be) of great significance.【答案】41. which 42. covered 43. to seek 44. wolves 45. are listed 46. less 47. the 48. Thankfully 49. from 50. are【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。青藏高原的藏羚羊主要以草为生，但因为捕食者和人类的活动，它们曾经濒临灭绝，现在中国和印度政府正在采取积极措施保护这一濒危动物。【41题详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句关系词，先行词Tibe
105、tan Plateau在从句中充当主语，故用关系代词，又非限中不能使用that，故填which。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是独立主格，cover和逻辑主语their bodies之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词，故填covered。【43题详解】考查不定式。句意：冬天，它们刨雪来寻找食物。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应填表目的的非谓语动词，故填to seek。【44题详解】考查名词的数。所给名词wolf是可数名词，根据下文的predators判断，此处用复数形式，故填wolves。【45题详解】考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子谓语动词，list和主语The Tib
106、etan antelopes之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；结合上下文可知，此处讲述的是一般事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填are listed。【46题详解】考查形容词比较级。此处应填形容词作为表语，根据than判断，此处用比较级，故填less。【47题详解】考查冠词。此处是固定短语on the decline“在减少”，故填the。【48题详解】考查副词。此处应填副词修饰后面的整个句子，故填Thankfully。【49题详解】考查介词。此处是固定短语prohibitfrom“禁止做某事”，故填from。【50题详解】考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，根据now
107、判断，为一般现在时，主语是复数，故填are。【点睛】第1小题考查定语从句关系词。确定定语关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；确定先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例The Tibetan antelope, also known as the Chiru, is unique to the Tibetan Plateau of China, _1_ is the highest plateau in the world.找出先行词：Tibetan Plateau of China（指物）。确定先行词在从句中充当什么成分：先行词Tibetan Plateau of China在从句中
108、充当主语，故用关系代词which/that。考虑特殊情况：非限制性定语从句中不能使用that。故填which第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。One mo
109、rning that I was in primary school, I tried cooking for first time. As my parents werent in, I have to cook something to eat. I took an egg from the refrigerator, putting some oil in the pan and cracked an egg into it. After a few second, I tried to turn the egg over in case it would get burnt. Unex
110、pectedly, it caught fire. Not known what to do, I screamed but rushed out of the kitchen. After a while, I realized I should put out the fire, so I returned back, only to find something but a black burnt egg. Ive learned that I cant be too carefully while cooking.【答案】thatwhenfor后加thehavehadputtingpu
111、tsecondsecondsknownknowingbutand删除returned后的backsomethingnothingcarefullycareful【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小学时独自在家煎鸡蛋，不小心把蛋煎糊了，还差点儿酿成火灾的故事。【详解】1. 考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知，先行词morning在从句中充当时间状语，故应用关系副词when，故将that改为when。2. 考查冠词。序数词first前应加定冠词the，故在for后加the。3. 考查时态。结合语境可知，“我烹饪”的动作发生在过去之前，故应用过去完成时,其结构为had done，故
112、将have改为had。4. 考查动词。分析句子可知，此处用and连接took, put和 cracked三个谓语动词，故put也应用过去时形式，故将putting改为put。5. 考查名词的数。second“秒”是可数名词，根据短语a few判断，此处应用复数形式，故将second改为seconds。6. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，know和逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，故将known改为knowing。7. 考查并列连词。句意：不知道做什么，我尖叫着，并且冲出了厨房。结合句意可知，此处是顺承关系，故将but改为and。8. 考查逻辑关系。return
113、（返回）不能和back搭配，否则意义就重复了，故删除returned后的back。9. 考查不定代词。句意：一会之后，我意识到我应该把火灭掉，因此我返回厨房，除了一个烧黑的鸡蛋什么都没发现。结合句意可知，此处应意为“除了烧黑的鸡蛋什么也没有发现”，“没什么”nothing，故将something改为nothing。10. 考查形容词。此处应用形容词作表语，故将carefully改为careful。【点睛】第8小题考查逻辑关系中同时使用意义重复的情况。常见的不能同时出现的词有：inter 不能和into搭配repeat不能和again搭配return不能和back搭配favorite不能和最高级
114、搭配prefer不和比较级搭配例如：Swimming is my most favorite。游泳是我最喜欢的（错）Swimming is my favorite。游泳是我最喜欢的（正）Please repeat it again.请重复它。（错）Please repeat it .请重复它。（正）第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52.假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Elvin听说你寒假打算参加社区服务活动，他想跟你一起参加。请你写一封电子邮件向他介绍本次活动的具体安排，内容包括：1. 表示欢迎；2. 活动安排；3. 你的希望。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可增加细节，以使行文连贯。3. 开头语和
115、结束语已为你写好。Dear Elvin,How is it going?_Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Elvin,How is it going? I am delighted to hear that you will come to China and join me in community service. Now Im writing to tell you something about it.With the New Year approaching, some elderly people who live in the nursing h
116、ome in our community may feel extremely lonely without a family. In order to create a joyous atmosphere for them, I plan to visit them every week this winter vacation. Helping them with their house work and chatting with them will surely bring them much pleasure and drive their loneliness away. If y
117、ou could come, they would be more than pleased to receive “international” care. I hope we can gain happiness from our voluntary service. Looking forward to your arrival.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇要求考生以李华的名义给朋友Elvin写信，向他介绍寒假参加社区服务活动的具体安排。【详解】体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应以一般将来时为主结构：总分要求：1. 表示欢迎；2. 活动安排；3.
118、你的希望。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）welcome to do sth./ plan to so sth./ provide sb. with sth./ make sb. +adj./ chat with sb./ be happy to do sth./ join sb./ look forward to/ 第三步：连词成句1. I am glad to know that you will come to china and join me in community service. 2. Now, I will tell you some details.3. Because the
119、New Year is around the corner, the elderly people living in the nursing home are likely to feel lonely.4. In order to make them feel happy and loved, I plan to pay a visit to the nursing home every three days during this winter vacation.5. Chatting with them and performing some songs and dances will
120、 surely bring them much pleasure and love. 6. Besides, we can also help them do some cleaning, which will reduce their burden. 7. You are really welcome to join me and I am sure you can have a meaningful experience.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although定语从句连词：whi
121、ch/ that/ when/ where第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：With the New Year approaching, some elderly people who live in the nursing home in our community may feel extremely lonely without a family.句中使用了with的符合结构，who引导定语从句修饰some elderly people。Helping them with their house work and chatting with them will surely bring them much pleasure and drive their loneliness away.句中使用了动名词短语作主语。这些结构的使用为文章增色添彩。
