1、2022届河北省邯郸市第一中学高三上学期开学考试英语试卷考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。3.本卷命题范围：新方略一单元。第一部分 听力第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Ho
2、w many people of the family got injured in the train accident?A. One. B. Four. C. Five.2. What is the man doing now?A. Buying a book online. B. Surfing the Internet. C. Doing some reading.3. What does Mr Smith do?A. He is a salesman. B. He is a mailman. C. He is a milkman.4. How much will the speake
3、rs pay?A. $38. B. $46. C. $54.5. What is the womans attitude to the dishes?A. She dislikes them.B. She thinks them just so-so.C. She likes them very much.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What time is it no
4、w?A. 11:45. B. 12:15. C. 12:45.7. Why does the woman want change for a dollar?A. To do some shopping. B. To pay the phone bill. C. To buy a train ticket.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What may cause the boss to lose his temper?A. His tendency to find others faults.B. His strictness with others.C. His stressful s
5、ituation.9. Whats the “hole” the boss made a mountain out of?A. The staffs cheating.B. The great loss of the company.C. The mans making a few more copies.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Whats the weather like today?A. Hot. B. Cool. C. Cold.11. What does the woman think of modern artists?A. They are so good.B.
6、They are a little conservative.C. They are not serious about their works.12. Why does the man want to stop discussing modern art?A. He agrees to the womans opinion.B. He thinks theres no sense in discussing it any more.C. He knows his opinion does not sound reasonable.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Where does
7、 the man live now?A. Downtown. B. In the capital. C. In the countryside.14. Which train does the man take to work every day?A. The 6:13 one. B. The 6:30 one. C. The 6:47 one.15. How does the man find the traveling to work every day now?A. Quite enjoyable. B. Very time-wasting. C. Extremely boring.16
8、. How does the man spend his time on the morning train?A. Glancing over news.B. Relaxing with a good book.C. Chatting with his friends.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. How are the printed houses different from traditional ones?A. They are set up in pieces.B. They are made from glass pieces.C. They are formed a
9、s a whole.18 How much did it take to build the printed 400-square-foot house in California?A. $5,000. B. $10,000. C. $15,000.19. Where was a castle printed in just 24 hours?A. In China. B. In Russia. C. In America.20. What do engineers think the new technology could be used for?A. Recycling old buil
10、dings.B. Developing new materials.C. Producing buildings on the moon.第二部分 阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AA Time for an adventure?Are you a bit bored with your nine-to-five routine? Have a look at our exciting range of holidays and decide what type of adventure youd like. Activity holidays Our
11、 activity holidays are for everyone, people who love danger or who just like sports. We have a huge variety of water, snow or desert holidays. Well take you SCUBA diving in the Red Sea or kayaking and white water rafting in Canada. If you prefer snow, you can try skiing or snowboarding in the Alps.
12、For those who like warmer weather, we also have sandboarding-he desert version of skateboarding. Polar expeditions Take a cruise to the Antarctic or the Arctic; explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife. Our experts will explain everything about the two poles as you watch the pen
13、guins in the Antarctic or whales and polar bears in the Arctic. Cultural journeys Our cultural journeys will help you discover ancient civilizations: India, Thailand, Egypt and many more. Visit temples, palaces and ancient ruins-just remember to bring your camera! Get to know local ways of life by e
14、xploring markets, trying foreign foods and meeting local people. Trekking tours We have trekking holidays to famous places such as Machu Picchu or the Everest Base Camp Trek, as well as some nearer to home in the Highlands of Scotland. You dont need to be very sporty, just fairly fit. Youll have a g
15、reat time enjoying nature with a group of new friends. Some of the holidays include camping, but well transport the tents for you!1. Which tour will you choose if you want to watch animals in nature?A. Activity holidays.B. Polar expeditions.C. Cultural journeys.D. Trekking tours.2. What can explorer
16、s probably do during the trekking tours?A. Do some sports.B. Enjoy sandboarding.C. Camp on the mountains.D. Try snowboarding in the Alps.3. Who are the holiday adventure events mainly aimed at?A. Senior retirees.B. Young teenagers.C. Regular workers.D. Successful businessmen.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C【解析】【分
17、析】这是一篇说明文。本文推荐了几个不同的度假选项，包括活动假日，极地探险，文化旅途，徒步旅行。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Take a cruise to the Antarctic or the Arctic; explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife.可知乘船游览南极或北极；探索白色的自然美景和奇妙的野生动物的土地。由此可知，如果你想看大自然中的动物，你可以选择Polar expeditions.。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Trekking tours部分中We have trekking
18、holidays to famous places such as Machu Picchu or the Everest Base Camp Trek, as well as some nearer to home in the Highlands of Scotland.可知我们有徒步旅行的假期，去著名的地方，如马丘比丘或珠峰大本营远足，以及一些更接近家乡的苏格兰高地。以及后文Some of the holidays include camping, but well transport the tents for you!可知有些假期包括野营，但我们会为你运送帐篷！由此可知，在Trekk
19、ing tours中探险家们可能会在山上露营。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一句Are you a bit bored with your nine-to-five routine?可知你是不是有点厌倦了朝九晚五的生活？由此可推知，这是针对上班族的。故选C。BGrowing up, I never wore makeup and I was always more afraid of the mirror than anything else. I hadnt thought makeup was meant for me, a disabled woman, until I sa
20、w Ultas new advertisement:a huge full-color photo of a model in a wheelchair.The world of fashion and beauty is rarely related to disabilities, and even though Hollywood has made steps toward greater inclusion and clothing brand Aerie has featured women with disabilities in their advertisements, see
21、ing disabilities in the mainstream is definitely unusual. The reason why these things make headlines is that theyre so rare.I learned from a very young age that because of my disability, I would never be connected with beauty or charm. Id spent so long feeling separated from so many parts of society
22、, but Ulta is sending a powerful message with a single photo: Its time to challenge conventional beauty standards because beauty comes in all forms.We all want to feel included. When it comes to disabilities, it is so important, especially for children and teens with disabilities. I was well into my
23、 30s when I rolled into a makeup store for the first time. I had no idea what I was doing and felt like entering a new world without a map; I felt like I was out of place, as if I was peeking at a club without being invited. Imagine how my experience would have been different if I had seen a model i
24、n a wheelchair, smiling, as if to say, “Welcome. Yes, you belong!”That message of inclusion was loud and clear for Maren Anderson, a 4-year-old girl who has a rare genetic disease and just started using a wheelchair. The moment she spotted the advertisement was caught on camera by her mom Carolyn An
25、derson, and quickly spread last month on Facebook. “Its just really saying that she feels included, and she feels like she identifies with that, and belongs here just like everybody else. So, thank you, Ulta,” said Carolyn Anderson.4. What can be learned from paragraph 2?A. There will be more produc
26、ts for the disabled.B. Aerie is the authors favorite clothing brand.C. Hollywood works with Ulta to help the disabled.D. Its hard for the public to associate beauty with disabilities.5. What does the author think of Ultas new advertisement?A. It creates a new trend in the fashion world.B. It makes s
27、ociety offer more jobs to the disabled.C. It helps make the disabled feel confident and involved.D. It breaks the barrier between the disabled and the able-bodied.6. How did the author feel when she first stepped into the makeup store?A. Nervous and embarrassed.B. Sad and lonely.C. Excited and proud
28、.D. Lost and bored.7. Why is Maren Andersons photo mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To expose the condition of the disabled.B. To show the effect of Ultas advertisement.C. To emphasize the sense of belonging.D. To explore the contemporary beauty standards.【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文作
29、者从残疾人视角讲述了一个新广告带来的影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The world of fashion and beauty is rarely related to disabilities, and even though Hollywood has made steps toward greater inclusion and clothing brand Aerie has featured women with disabilities in their advertisements, seeing disabilities in the mainstream is
30、definitely unusual. The reason why these things make headlines is that theyre so rare. (时尚和美容界很少与残疾有关，尽管好莱坞已经迈出了更大的步伐，服装品牌Aerie也在广告中加入了残疾女性的形象，但在主流社会看到残疾女性绝对是不寻常的。这些事情之所以成为头条新闻，是因为它们非常罕见)”可知，公众很难将美丽与残疾联系起来。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ulta is sending a powerful message with a single photo：Its time to chal
31、lenge conventional beauty standards because beauty comes in all forms.(Ulta用这张照片传递了一个强有力的信息：是时候挑战传统的美丽标准了，因为美丽是各种形式的)”以及第四段中“Imagine how my experience would have been different if I had seen a model in a wheelchair, smiling, as if to say, Welcome. Yes, you belong!(想象一下，如果我看到一个坐在轮椅上的模特，微笑着，好像在说欢迎光临，我
32、的经历会有多么不同。是的，你属于这儿)”可知，作者认为Ulta的新广告可以让残疾人士有信心接触社会并有认同感。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“I had no idea what doing and felt like entering a new world without a map；I felt like I was out of place, as if I was peeking at a club without being invited.(我不知道自己在做什么，觉得自己进入了一个没有地图的新世界；我觉得自己格格不入，好像没被邀请就偷看俱乐部)”可推知，作者第一次去
33、化妆品店时是紧张并不知所措的，故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“That message of inclusion was loud and clear for Maren Anderson, a 4-year-old girl who has a rare genetic disease and just started using a wheelchair. The moment she spotted the advertisement was caught on camera by her mom Carolyn Anderson, and quickly spread
34、last month on Facebook.(对于患有罕见基因疾病的4岁女孩Maren Anderson来说，这种包容的信息是响亮而清晰的。她刚刚开始使用轮椅。看到这则广告的那一刻，她的妈妈卡罗琳安德森用摄像机拍了下来，并于上个月在Facebook上迅速传播开来)”可推知，Maren Anderson的照片在最后一段被提及是为了说明这个广告的影响力，故选B。CHow much food do you buy each week? Are you someone who stuffs your fridge and cupboards full of foods so that youll a
35、lways have something to eat? Or maybe, you re more efficient with your shopping, only buying what you need and using up your leftovers so that you keep food waste to a minimum.Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the developed world. While some of us throw away unwanted items, peopl
36、e in other parts of world face food shortages and are starving. Its a shocking fact that a third of the worlds food is wasted each year. The actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people.You may think supermarkets are the main contributors to this mountai
37、n of food. After all, they do get rid of stuff thats past its sell-by-date and they often refuse to sell vegetables and fruit that are the wrong shape or look damaged. Theyve also been criticized for encouraging customers to buy more than they need through promotions such as “buy one and get one fre
38、e”.But we ourselves are mainly responsible for creating food waste. In Europe an incredible 53% of food waste comes from households, which results in 88 million tonnes of food waste a year. The food waste is buried and left to rot. Unfortunately, this causes greenhouse gases which eventually lead to
39、 global warming and climate change.In Denmark, a woman called Selina Juul has been working hard to solve this problem. She convinced some supermarkets to stop selling their items in bulk (批量) so that people bought only what they needed. She produced a leftovers cookbook and shes set up an education
40、programme in schools. This has helped create a significant 25% reduction in food waste, which shows that something can be done.Clearly, we need to think twice when we put something in our shopping trolley, and when were at home, we should make the most of the food we haveusing recipes that use up ou
41、r leftovers or even sharing our food with our friends and neighbors.8. What does the author intend to show in paragraph 2?A. The world hunger.B. The impact of wasting food.C. The solutions to food shortages.D. The severe food waste.9. Why are supermarkets criticized according to the text?A. They oft
42、en change the prices of food.B. They focus more on foods looks than qualities.C. They make people buy more food than they need.D. They often put up false advertisements for food.10. What did Selina Juul do to help reduce the food waste?A. She established an education programme in neighborhoods.B. Sh
43、e persuaded supermarkets to change their ways of sale.C. She convinced supermarkets to sell her leftovers cookbook.D. She encouraged people to share food in communities.11. Whats the main purpose of the text?A To advocate healthy eating habits.B. To raise the publics awareness of saving.C. To draw p
44、eoples attention to food security.D. To blame the marketing methods of some supermarkets.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了近年来，发达国家正面临愈演愈烈的食品浪费现象，与其对比，另有一些国家的人们仍面临着食物紧缺的困难，并呼吁人们提高公众的节约意识。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Throwing away unwanted food has become a big issue in the developed world. (在发达国家，扔掉
45、不需要的食物已经成为一个大问题。)”以及“Its a shocking fact that a third of the worlds food is wasted each year. The actual figure is 1.3 billion tons of food, which is enough to feed a billion hungry people. (每年世界上三分之一的食物被浪费，这是一个令人震惊的事实。实际数字是13亿吨粮食，足以养活10亿饥饿人口。)”可知，第二段中，作者想表达严重的食物浪费。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theyve als
46、o been criticized for encouraging customers to buy more than they need through promotions such as buy one and get one free. (他们还因鼓励消费者通过买一送一等促销活动购买超出他们需要的东西而受到批评。)”可知，超市会因为他们让人们买比他们需要的更多的食物而受到批评。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“She convinced some supermarkets to stop selling their items in bulk (批量) so that
47、 people bought only what they needed. (她说服一些超市停止批量出售商品，这样人们就只买他们需要的东西。)”可知，Selina Juul通过说服超市改变他们的销售方式来减少浪费。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clearly, we need to think twice when we put something in our shopping trolley, and when were at home, we should make the most of the food we haveusing recipes that use
48、up our leftovers or even sharing our food with our friends and neighbors. (显然，当我们把东西放进购物车时，我们需要三思后行。当我们在家时，我们应该充分利用我们拥有的食物使用能用完剩菜的食谱，甚至与我们的朋友和邻居分享我们的食物。)”可以推知，文章旨在提高公众的节约意识。故选B项。DA study of violinists found that merely good players practised as much as better players, leaving other factors such as q
49、uality of education, learning skills and perhaps natural talent to account for the difference.This finding challenges the 10, 000-hour rule promoted in Malcolm Gladwells 1993 study of violinists and pianists. Gladwell states that enough practice will make an expert of anyone. “The idea has been popu
50、lar and entrenched in our culture for years. Its not an idiom but an overstatement,” said Brooke Macnamara, the lead author. “When it comes to human skill, a complex combination of environmental factors and genetic factors explains the performance differences across people.”Macnamara and her colleag
51、ues set out to repeat part of the 1993 study to see whether they reached the same conclusion. They interviewed three groups of 13 violinists regarded as best, good, or less accomplished about their practice habits, before having them complete daily diaries of their activities over a week. While the
52、less skillful violinists reached an average of about 6,000 hours of practice by the age of 20, there was little to separate the good from the best, with each reaching an average of about 11,000 hours. In all, the number of hours spent practising accounted for about a quarter of the skill difference
53、across the three groups.Macnamara believes practice is less of a driver. “Once you get to the highly skilled groups, practice stops accounting for the difference. Everyone has practised a lot and other factors are at play in determining who goes on to a higher level,” she said. “The factors depend o
54、n the skill being learned: in chess it could be intelligence or working memory; in sport it may be how efficiently a person uses oxygen. To complicate matters further, one factor can drive another. Children who enjoy playing the violin, for example, may be happy to practise because they do not see i
55、t as a trouble.”The authors of the 1993 study are unimpressed. Macnamara said it was important for people to understand the limits of practice, though. “Practice makes you better than you were yesterday, most of the time,” she said. “But it might not make you better than your neighhour or the other
56、kid in your violin class.”12. What does the underlined word “entrenched” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Rooted.B. Advanced.C. Changed.D. Unconfirmed.13. What can we learn about Macnamaras study?A. It convinced Malcolm Gladwell.B. It involved violinists and pianists.C. Its process was similar to the
57、 1993 study.D. Its result is consistent with the 1993 study.14. What does Macnamara find about highly skilled people?A. Practicing for 11,000 hours is their main driver.B. They enjoy keeping diaries about their progress.C. Environmental factors have little relation to their success.D. More practice
58、makes little difference to their further progress.15. What is the best title for the text?A. What makes an expert?B. Does practice make perfect?C. The early bird catches the wormD. Enthusiasm is the key to success【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章说明了优秀的人的成就是多种因素造成的结果，并对练习的重要性进行了更深层次的探讨。【1
59、2题详解】词句猜测题。第二段划线词句的上一句“Gladwell states that enough practice will make an expert of anyone.(Gladwell指出，足够多的练习将使任何人成为专家。)”中 Gladwell提出了谚语“Practice makes perfect”的观点，再根据划线词句“The idea has been popular and entrenched in our culture for years.(多年来，这个观点已经很流行，并在我们的文化中entrenched。)”可知，划线单词和前文中的“popular”并列，说明这
60、个传统观点广泛流传并在文化中“基础深厚”，结合选项可知，选项A“根深蒂固的”与之意义最为接近，故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Macnamara and her colleagues set out to repeat part of the 1993 study to see whether they reached the same conclusion.( Macnamara和她的同事重复了1993年的部分研究，看看他们是否能得出相同的结论。)”可知，Macnamara做的实验过程和1993年做的实验是相似的。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Macna
61、mara believes practice is less of a driver.( Macnamara认为，练习并不是唯一驱动因素。)”以及她所说的“Once you get to the highly skilled groups, practice stops accounting for the difference. Everyone has practised a lot and other factors are at play in determining who goes on to a higher level.(一旦你进入了高技能人群，练习就不能解释这种差异了。每个人
62、都做了很多练习，其他因素在决定谁能上更高的水平上起作用)”可推知，Macnamara认为更多练习对高技能的人的进一步继续进步没有多大影响。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“A study of violinists found that merely good players practised as much as better players, leaving other factors such as quality of education, learning skills and perhaps natural talent to account for th
63、e difference.(一项对小提琴家的研究发现，优秀的小提琴手和更优秀的小提琴手仅仅是练习的次数一样多，这时，其他因素，如教育质量、学习技巧，也许还有天生的天赋，就是造成这种差异的原因。)”可知，本文主要说明优秀的人成就是多因素的结果，并对练习的重要性进行了更深层次的说明。选项B“熟能生巧（练习能至完美）吗？”对这一流行的观点进行进一步的探讨，突出主题，适合做标题。故选B项。第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Being a leader in any environment earns you trust among peers a
64、nd helps you get things done, whatever the task is. Let us show you how to develop leadership skills.Assess yourself. _16_ Its about looking at yourself objectively, seeing your behaviors and attitudes from the outside, and observing how you may come across to other people. For instance, you may kno
65、w your intentions are good, but perhaps your delivery doesnt quite translate that.Address areas of improvement. Be open to testing new ideas and trying new ways of doing things, especially if it seems your old ways of doing things dont work. _17_ If you struggle to see yourself objectively enough to
66、 figure out which areas need improvement, a leadership coach may be able to help.Be a good problem-solver. _18_ So being quick on your feet and decisive in how you deal with problems will put you ahead of the game as a leader._19_ You dont have to agree with everything someone says, but you must be
67、willing to receive feedback about your own performance, as well as opinions on other important issues. Being flexible and curious about the wants, needs, and ideas of others will develop a much more respectful, effective, and positive environment for everyone.Encourage others. Building leadership sk
68、ills requires knowing how to work well with people. Staying in the know about what goes on in your community is important, but responding to that information with enthusiasm is equally critical. _20_A. Accept responsibility.B. Be open to the opinions of others.C. Building leadership skills requires
69、plenty of self-awareness.D Unexpected challenges will arise often and at lightning speed.E. Let go of the need to stick to your plan and be flexible instead.F. Recognizing the past cant be changed helps you make wiser choices in the future.G. So be a source of positivity and support others in workin
70、g toward their own goals.【答案】16. C 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章就关于如何培养更好的领导技能给出几条建议。【16题详解】上文“Assess yourself. (评估自己。)”说明领导技能需要能够评估自己，选项C“培养领导技能需要充分的自我意识。”承接上文，进一步谈论评估自己，需要充分的自我意识。选项中self-awareness和上文Assess yourself语义相关。故选C项。【17题详解】上文“Be open to testing new ideas and trying new ways of
71、doing things, especially if it seems your old ways of doing things dont work. (要乐于尝试新的想法和做事的新方法，尤其是当你的旧方法行不通的时候。)”说明旧方法行不通的时候，要尝试新的办法，选项E“放弃坚持你的计划的需要，相反要灵活。”承接上文，否定了坚持旧方法的做法，建议灵活对待。上下文语义一致，逻辑合理。故选E项。【18题详解】下文“So being quick on your feet and decisive in how you deal with problems will put you ahead o
72、f the game as a leader.( 因此，在处理问题时迅速采取行动并果断行事，将使你成为领先的领导者。)”建议行动要迅速果断，选项D“意想不到的挑战经常会以闪电般的速度出现。”和下文存在因果关系，挑战往往意想不到地快速出现，所以，处理起来要迅速果断。选项中at lightning speed和下文中quick等语义相关。故选D项。【19题详解】下文“You dont have to agree with everything someone says, but you must be willing to receive feedback about your own perfo
73、rmance, as well as opinions on other important issues. (你不必同意别人说的每件事，但你必须愿意接受对你自己表现的反馈，以及在其他重要问题上的意见。)”建议要接受反馈以及重要问题上的意见，选项B“接受他人的意见。”位于段首，概括建议接受他人意见。选项中opinions和下文中opinions词汇重叠，上下文语义一致，逻辑合理。故选B项。【20题详解】段首“Encourage others. (鼓励别人。)”上文“Staying in the know about what goes on in your community is impor
74、tant, but responding to that information with enthusiasm is equally critical. (了解你的社区中发生了什么很重要，但是带着热情回应这些信息也同样重要。)”建议鼓励支持别人，并说明积极回应社区发生的事情很重要，选项G“所以，做一个积极向上的人，支持别人朝着他们自己的目标努力。”和上文存在因果关系，且选项中support others和段首Encourage others语义一致。故选G项。第三部分 语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I had been prac
75、tising my speech for days, but I was still stressed out. I was in the first year of my PhD, and my _21_ public speaking experiences had not exactly been successful. Now, I hoped I could get through this one without _22_.When my turn to speak finally came, I focused on _23_. I would have to speak fas
76、t to present all the information I had _24_. Fifteen minutes later, I finally relaxed, _25_ of finishing on time. I had no _26_ whether the audience had learned anything.I continued to view my _27_ this way until about a year later, when I made a presentation to a nonscientific audience. Their _28_
77、made it clear that they had not gotten the message I wanted to _29_. Suddenly, I realized these people probably felt the same way I did after watching a _30_ presentation: The speaker was not _31_ with the audience at all. And I realized that I didnt want to be that speaker. I wanted to do better.In
78、stead of trying to _32_ the audience with as much information as possible, I began to care about what people would take away from my presentations. I _33_ advice, added pictures, removed text, wrote a script (讲话稿) to use as a roadmap, and _34_ a lot.My efforts rapidly _35_. My audience started to ap
79、pear energized and interested in what I was saying, and their questions showed that they had learned something.21. A. uniqueB. previousC. specialD. later22. A. incidentsB. lossC. adjustmentsD. attention23. A. audienceB. techniquesC. timeD. contents24. A. usedB. plannedC. expectedD. forgotten25. A. a
80、fraidB. tiredC. proudD. ashamed26. A. evidenceB. ideaC. desireD. option27. A. effortsB. discoveriesC. experiencesD. talks28. A. suggestionsB. excitementC. approvalD. questions29. A. recordB. conveyC. opposeD. obtain30. A. disappointingB. frighteningC. wonderfulD. traditional31. A. delightedB. satisf
81、iedC. connectedD. bored32. A. helpB. fillC. refreshD. strike33. A. ignoredB. wroteC. refusedD. sought34. A. practicedB. copiedC. criticizedD. corrected35. A. went onB. paid offC. ended upD. got around【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B【解析】【分析
82、】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了自己通过不断提高自己的演讲，让自己和听众心意相通，作者的努力也得到了回报；作者的听众开始显得精力充沛，对作者说的话很感兴趣，他们提出的问题表明他们学到了一些东西。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时我正在攻读博士学位，我之前的演讲经历并不是很成功。A. unique独一无二的；B. previous先前的；C. special特殊的；D. later后来的。根据后文“Now, I hoped I could get through this one”可知，作者以前的演讲不成功，所以希望这次能顺利。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我希望我
83、能顺利完成这次的演讲，不出现意外。A. incidents事故，意外；B. loss损失；C. adjustments调整；D. attention第一。根据空前“Now, I hoped I could get through this one”可知，因为希望顺利完成这次演讲，所以此处表示希望不要出现意外。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：终于轮到我发言时，我把注意力集中在时间上。A. audience观众；B. techniques技巧；C. time时间；D. contents内容。根据后文“I would have to speak fast to present all
84、the information”可知，因为作者想要尽快表达完自己的信息，由此可知，作者发言时，注意力集中在了时间上。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我得讲快点把我事先计划好的所有信息都呈现出来。A. used使用；B. planned计划；C. expected期待；D. forgotten忘记。因为作者在演讲，所以此处表示作者提前计划好的信息。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：15分钟后，我终于放松下来，为按时完成而自豪。A. afraid害怕的；B. tired疲倦的；C. proud自豪的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据空后“finishing on tim
85、e”可知，因为作者按时完成了演讲，所以作者感到自豪。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道观众是否学到了什么。A. evidence证据；B. idea想法，主意；C. desire欲望；D. option选择。根据后文“I began to care about what people would take away from my presentations.”可知，此处表示作者不知道听众是否从自己的演讲中学到了什么。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我继续这样看待我的演讲，直到大约一年后，我给非科学领域的听众做了一次演讲。A. efforts努力；B. dis
86、coveries发现；C. experiences经历；D. talks演讲。根据后文“when I made a presentation to a nonscientific audience.”可知，作者之后一直做演讲。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的问题清楚地表明，他们没有理解我想要传达的信息。A. suggestions建议；B. excitement兴奋，激动；C. approval同意；D. questions问题。根据文章最后一句 “and their questions showed that they had learned something.”可知，
87、因为没有理解作者的演讲，由此可知，听众们有了问题。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. record记录；B. convey传达；C. oppose反对；D. obtain获得。因为听众有问题，由此可知，听众没有理解作者要表达的意思。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到这些人可能和我在看了一次令人失望的演讲后的感受一样，演讲者根本没有和听众心意相通。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. wonderful精彩的；D. traditional传统的。根据后文“ I wanted to do bette
88、r.”可知，因为作者想要做得更好，由此可知，此处指一次令人失望的演讲。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. delighted开心的；B. satisfied满意的；C. connected有联系的；D. bored无聊的。根前文说看来一次令人失望的演讲，由此可知，此处指演讲者根本没有和听众心意相通。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不再试图给听众传递尽可能多的信息，我开始关心人们会从我的演讲中学到什么。A. help帮助；B. fill填满；C. refresh刷新；D. strike攻击。根据后文“with as much information as p
89、ossible”可知，空处需用动词fill，fillwith用填满，固定搭配，符合题意。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我寻求许多建议，添加图片，删除文字，写一个讲话稿作为指南，并多多练习。A. ignored忽视；B. wrote写；C. refused拒绝；D. sought寻找。根据前文“I began to care about what people would take away from my presentations.”可知，因为作者开始关心人们从自己的演讲中学到什么，由此可知，此处指作者寻找建议。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. prac
90、ticed练习；B. copied复制；C. criticized批评；D. corrected纠正。根据空前“wrote a script (讲话稿) to use as a roadmap”可知，此处指作者练习演讲，让听众从自己的演讲中获得更多。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的努力很快得到了回报。A. went on继续；B. paid off回报；C. ended up到头来，结束；D. got around传开。根据后文“My audience started to appear energized and interested in what I was sayin
91、g, and their questions showed that they had learned something.(我的听众开始显得精力充沛，对我说的话很感兴趣，他们提出的问题表明他们学到了一些东西)”可知，因为作者的听众从作者的演讲中有所收获，由此可知，作者的努力得到了回报。故选B。第二节阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Different kinds of birds build different kinds of nests. Birds build nests in all sorts of places, from on the groun
92、d to high up in trees and on the sides of mountains. Some birds make nests _36_ float on water in wet areas. The materials birds use to build nests depend on the _37_ (surround) area.The reason birds make nests is to have a _38_ (protect) place to lay their eggs in and take care of young birds after
93、 they hatch. When building a nest, birds try not to be seen. They do not want _39_ (danger) animals to see _40_ their eggs are. However, if you watch _41_ (close), you may be able to see birds carrying _42_ (branch) and other things to build their nests with.Most birds nest during the spring and ear
94、ly summer of each year. They raise their babies in quite a short time. They lay the eggs, and then keep them warm for three to four weeks. After they hatch, many young birds learn to fly in _43_ little as ten days. Some birds return to the same nest year after year if they _44_ (raise) their young s
95、uccessfully in it before. Often, there are old and new nests in the same tree. This _45_ (confuse) animals which are looking for baby birds to eat.【答案】36. that#which 37. surrounding 38. protective 39. dangerous 40. where 41. closely 42. branches 43. as 44. have raised 45. confuses【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主
96、要说明了鸟巢的类型以及鸟巢的作用。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：有些鸟的巢在潮湿的地方浮在水面上。此处为定语从句修饰先行词nests，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：鸟类筑巢的材料取决于周围的环境。修饰后文名词area应用形容词surrounding，作定语。故填surrounding。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：鸟类筑巢的原因是为了有一个保护的地方来下蛋和照顾孵化后的幼鸟。修饰后文名词place应用形容词protective，作定语。故填protective。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：他
97、们不想让危险的动物看到他们的蛋在哪里。修饰后文名词animals应用形容词dangerous，作定语。故填dangerous。【40题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他们不想让危险的动物看到他们的蛋在哪里。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，表示“在哪里”应用where引导。故填where。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，如果你仔细观察，你可能会看到鸟类携带树枝和其他东西来筑巢。修饰动词watch，表示“仔细地”应用副词closely，作状语。故填closely。【42题详解】考查名词的数。句意：然而，如果你仔细观察，你可能会看到鸟类携带树枝和其他东西来筑巢。branch为可数名词，此处前文没有冠
98、词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填branches。【43题详解】考查固定结构。句意：许多幼鸟孵化后，在短短十天内就学会了飞行。此处为固定结构asas，表示“和一样”。故填as。【44题详解】考查时态。句意：有些鸟如果以前成功地哺育过幼鸟，每年都会回到同一个鸟巢。此处表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响，应用现在完成时，主语为they，助动词用have。故填have raised。【45题详解】考查时态。句意：这就迷惑了寻找雏鸟吃的动物。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为this，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填confuses。第四部分 写作第一节46. 假定你是李华，你8月12日从网上买了一款新手
99、机，结果刚用一天，就发现由于手机电池原因待机时间短且屏幕部分受损。请就此向网店店主Steve写一封投诉信，要点如下：1.介绍购物情况；2.反映存在的问题；3.提出解决方案。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结束语已为你写好Dear steve,_Yours sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear Steve,I am Li Hua, I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to express my dissatisfaction with the cellphone I boug
100、ht on August 12.The reasons are as follows. In the first place, this phone has a short battery life, which is not satisfactory. In addition, some parts of the screen have been damaged, under these circumstances, I find it hard to use it.I would appreciate it very much if you could exchange a new one
101、 for me. Besides, you should pay the postage, Whats more, I would like to have this matter settled by next Sunday.Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking lo forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章的主要内容是向网店店主Steve写一封投诉信。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。结构：总分法 总分
102、法是指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.介绍购物情况；2.反映存在的问题；3.提出解决方案。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）Be afraid that；express ones dissatisfaction with；in the first place；a short battery life；under these circumstances；whats more；would like to do sth.；have sth. done；look forward to第三步：连词成句1.I am Li Hua I feel bad to trouble
103、you but I am afraid that I have to express my dissatisfaction with the cellphone I bought on August 12.2.The reasons are as follows.3.This phone has a short battery life, which is not satisfactory.4.Some parts of the screen have been damaged, under these circumstances, I find it hard to use it.5.I w
104、ould appreciate it very much if you could exchange a new one for me.6.You should pay the postage7.I would like to have this matter settled by next Sunday 8. Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking lo forward to your reply.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态的问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of
105、all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand
106、Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如：I am Li Hua, I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to express my dissatisfaction with the
107、 cellphone I bought on August 12.中that引导宾语从句。In the first place, this phone has a short battery life, which is not satisfactory.中which引导非限制性定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。第二节47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Once upon a time there was a beautiful
108、garden in which grew all sorts of fruits. Many beasts lived in the garden and they were permitted to eat the fruits whenever they wished. But they should observe one rule. They must make a low, polite bow to the fruit tree, call it by its name and say, “Please give me a taste of your fruit.” They ha
109、d to be very careful to remember the trees correct name and not to forget to say “please”. It was also very important that they should remember not to be greedy. They must always leave plenty of fruits for other beasts who might pass that way, and to adorn (装饰) the tree itself and to furnish seeds s
110、o that other trees might grow. If they wished to eat apples, they had to say, “O, apple tree, O, apple tree, please give me a taste of your fruit.”In one corner of the garden grew the most splendid tree of all. It was tall and beautiful and the rosy-cheeked fruit upon its wide spreading branches loo
111、ked wonderfully tempting. No beast had ever tasted that fruit, for no beast could ever remember its name. In a tiny house near the edge of the garden lived a little old woman who knew the names of all the fruit trees in the garden. The beasts often went to her and asked the name of the wonderful fru
112、it tree, but the tree was so distant from the tiny house of the little old woman that no beast could ever remember the long, hard name by the time he reached the fruit tree.At last a monkey thought of a trick. He went to the tiny house of the little old woman, carrying his guitar under his arm. The
113、old woman told him the long, hard name of the fruit tree, and he made up a little tune to it. He sang it over and over again all the way to the tree.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。At last he reached the corner of the garden where the wonderful fruit tree grew._The monkey returned from the tree
114、 and met other beasts in a garden party._【答案】At last he reached the corner of the garden where the wonderful fruit tree grew. It was easy for him to remember the name of the tree because he had turned it into a song, and he sang them over and over again so that he could not forget it. Only the cleve
115、r monkey remembered the name of the tree. He bowed his head to the tree, politely called the trees name, and said: “please give me a taste of your fruit.” The tree generously handed him some fruit. The monkey succeeded in getting the fruit and was very happy.The monkey returned from the tree and met
116、 other beasts in a garden party. The monkey, who was not greedy or selfish, was willing to share the delicious fruit with others. He carefully taught them to sing the name of the tree. Accompanied by a guitar, all the beasts politely asked the tree to give them some fruit. The fruit tree distributed
117、 its fruit generously. A cheer went up in the forest, and everyone praised the monkey for his wisdom and virtue. They all thanked the generous fruit tree and the wise monkey.【解析】【分析】本文以森林动物为线索展开，讲述了森林有个规则，动物们必须礼貌地说“请”，并且能叫得出树的名字，才能吃到水果。有一棵果树又大又美，果实丰富，只是名字又长又难记，大家都记不住它的名字。聪明的猴子想办法记住树的名字，最后得到水果，并分享给大家
118、的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“最后，他来到了花园的角落，那里长着那棵奇异的果树。”可知，第一段可描写猴子礼貌地请求，如愿以偿的得到水果，非常开心。由第二段首句内容“猴子从树上回来，在一次游园会上遇到了其他的兽类。”可知，第二段可描写猴子和其他兽类分享水果，大家对猴子表示感谢和赞扬。2.续写线索：请求得到开心分享感恩3.词汇激活行为类.得到：obtain/gain/get.分享：participate/share情绪类.开心：be happy/feel joyful.感谢：showing ones appreciation/thank sb/be grateful【点睛】高分句型1. The monkey, who was not greedy or selfish, was willing to share the delicious fruit with everyone. (由关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句)高分句型2. Accompanied by a guitar, the animals politely asked the tree to give them some fruit. (过去分词作状语)
