1、课时作业(六)Module 2Section Introduction & Reading and VocabularyLanguage Points.单句语法填空1Nobody can entirely keep away from this _ (compete) world.2Neither side shows any intention of _ (settle)this problem.3Why is that old man smiling?Perhaps he is looking back _ his happy childhood.4When his mother step
2、ped in the room, he seemed _ (read) the book.5I went to Qingdao last summer with some friends.What fun we had _ (play) in the waves!6Its time you _ (settle) your differences with your father.7I hope to find you _ better spirits when we meet again.8If you go to school lacking sleep, you might have pr
3、oblems _ your memory.9My mother doesnt like me wearing short skirts to churchshe doesnt think theyre _ (suit) for me.10As is known to most people, a president _ (elect) every four years in America.阅读理解Modern lifestyles are generally quite different from those of our huntergatherer ancestors, a fact
4、that some claim as the cause of the current rise in global obesity, but new results published July 25 in the open access journal PLOS ONE find that there is no difference between the energy expenditure (耗费) of modern huntergatherers and Westerners, casting doubt on this theory.The research team behi
5、nd the study, led by Herman Pontzer of Hunter College in New York City, along with David Raichlen of the University of Arizona and Brian M. Wood of Stanford measured daily energy expenditure among the Hadza, a population of traditional huntergatherers living in the open Savannah of northern Tanzania
6、. Despite spending their days hiking long distances to seek for wild plants and game, the Hadza burned no more calories each day than adults in the US. and Europe. The team ran several analyses accounting for the effects of body weight, body fat percentage, age, and gender. In all analyses, daily en
7、ergy expenditure among the Hadza huntergatherers was indistinguishable (难以区分的) from that of Westerners. The study was the first to measure energy expenditure in huntergatherers directly; previous studies had relied entirely on estimates.These findings overturn the longheld assumption that our hunter
8、gatherer ancestors expended more energy than modern populations, and challenge the view that obesity in Western populations results from decreased energy expenditure. Instead, the similarity in daily energy expenditure across a broad range of lifestyles suggests that habitual metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates
9、 are relatively constant among human populations. This in turn supports the view that the current rise in obesity is due to increased food consumption, not decreased energy expenditure. It means we have more to learn about human physiology (生理学) and health, particularly in nonWestern settings.“These
10、 results highlight the complexity of energy expenditure. Its not simply a function of physical activity，” says Pontzer. “Our metabolic rates may be more a reflection of our shared evolutionary past than our diverse modern lifestyles.”1According to the new research, huntergatherers consume _.Athe sam
11、e energy as WesternersBmore energy than WesternersCless energy than WesternersDthe same food as Westerners2How did the research team do the new research?ABy comparing hiking distances.BBy identifying wild plants and game.CBy estimating daily energy expenditure.DBy measuring daily energy expenditure.
12、3People have long assumed that _.Athe rise in obesity is due to increased food consumptionBdecreased energy expenditure makes Westerners fatCdaily energy expenditure stays the same in historyDhumans habitual metabolic rates are unchanged4Which of the following can reflect our shared evolutionary pas
13、t?AOur physiology activity.BOur energy expenditure.COur metabolic rates.DOur modern lifestyle.完形填空My car needed some mechanical work that I could not do myself. Since the garage I had been taking my car to had _1_， my friend Dave gave me a recommendation: Ds Auto Repair.I was pleasantly _2_ to disco
14、ver that the owner of Ds was a mechanic who had worked on my car several years earlier. _3_ he was an employee at a gas station near my house. I knew that his work was good.I _4_ the paperwork for the repair and _5_ while D took a phone call from another customer. As I sat there, I looked around the
15、 small office to keep myself _6_. A framed newspaper article caught my attention. The headline _7_： “Local Dairy Farmer Kills Whole Herd.” The article was about the _8_ of a fifthgeneration dairy farmer during the polluted milk scare in Michigan several years earlier. Dairy cows were becoming _9_ a
16、disease that was affecting the milk supply. The fifthgeneration dairy farmer paid to have all of his cows _10_. It was found that out of the entire herd, only a few were infected. Because no one could _11_ that the other cows were totally _12_， he had the herd killed and buried to make consumers fee
17、l rest assured (放心). The farmers insurance did not cover his _13_ because the state had not issued a(n) _14_ for him to get rid of the herd. Asked why he did it, the farmer replied “Because it was the right thing to do”I asked D why he _15_ the article on the wall. I thought that he might be related
18、 to or _16_ knew the farmer. He said he had never met the man, but that the farmer was a(n) _17_ to him and set a standard for integrity (正直), trust and honesty. He said that is how he _18_ his auto Repair business.I was now doubly _19_ by both the farmer and DThe next year, _20_ my recommendation,
19、my son started a ninemonth mechanics apprenticeship (学徒) at Ds Auto repair.1A.closed BstartedCexpanded Ddeveloped2A.content BcautiousCsurprised Dshocked3A.Just then BBack thenCIn advance DBefore long4A.filled out Bhanded outCheld out Dtook out5A.stared BreflectedCworried Dwaited6A.informed Binvolved
20、Cprepared Doccupied7A.wrote BreadCrecorded Dshown8A.plans BfeelingsCactions Dbravery9A.immune to Baddicted toCinfected with Dallergic to10A.tested BkilledCburied Dsold11A.suspect BguaranteeCchallenge Dquestion12A.satisfying BbeneficialCdangerous Dsafe13A.danger BriskCloss Dthreat14A.order BwarningCb
21、an Dsolution15A.stored BdisplayedCcollected Dappreciated16A.anywhere BanyhowCsomewhere Dsomehow17A.inspiration BcompanionCcomfort Dmemory18A.bought BpredictedCoperated Dacquired19A.embarrassed BimpressedCconfused Damused20A.in BbyCat Don课时作业(六).单句语法填空1competitive2.settling3.on/upon/at/to4.to be read
22、ing5.playing6.settled/should settle7.in8.with9.suitable10.is elected.阅读理解【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现不同生活方式下日常的能量消耗相似，这表明人类的新陈代谢相对恒定，并不是现在我们每天消耗的能量比我们的祖先少而导致肥胖。1答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“but new results published July 25 in the open access journal PLOS ONE find that there is no difference between the energy ex
23、penditure (耗费) of modern huntergatherers and Westerners，”可知，研究结果发现现代的狩猎采集者和西方人的能量消耗没什么差别，故A项正确。2答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“.measured daily energy expenditure among the Hadza, a population of traditional huntergatherers living in the open Savannah of northern Tanzania.”可知，研究人员是通过测量每天的能量消耗进行研究的，故D项正确。3答案与解析
24、：B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These findings overturn the longheld assumption that our huntergatherer ancestors expended more energy than modern populations, and challenge the view that obesity in Western populations results from decreased energy expenditure.”可知，研究结果挑战了长期以来西方人的肥胖是由于能量消耗减少的观点，由此可知，人们一直认为能量消耗的减少导致了
25、西方人的肥胖，故B项正确。4答案与解析：C主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第三段中的“Instead, the similarity in daily energy expenditure across a broad range of lifestyles suggests that habitual metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates are relatively constant among human populations.”可知，文章介绍了不同生活方式下日常能量消耗相似性表明人类的新陈代谢相对恒定，并不是现在我们每天消耗的能量比我们的祖先少而导致的肥胖，故C项(我们的新
26、陈代谢)最能概括出全文内容。.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在汽车修配厂老板D的办公室里发现他用一个在污染牛奶恐慌中把牛都杀掉以让消费者放心的奶农的故事来提醒自己按照正直、信任和诚实的标准经营自己的修配厂，这给作者留下了深刻的印象，最后，作者把自己的儿子送到这个修配厂做学徒。1答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。A. closed关门；B. started开始；C. expanded扩充；D. developed发展。根据本空后的“my friend Dave gave me a recommendation: Ds Auto Repair.”可知，因为我开车去的那家修配厂已经关
27、门了，我的朋友建议我去D的汽车修配厂，故A项正确。2答案与解析：C考查形容词词义辨析。A. content满意的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. shocked震惊的。根据本空后的“to discover that the owner of Ds was a mechanic who had worked on my car several years earlier.”可知，我惊喜地发现汽车修配厂的老板是几年前为我修过车的维修师傅，故C项正确。3答案与解析：B考查副词短语辨析。A. Just then就在那时；B. Back then当时；C. In ad
28、vance提前；D. Before long不久。几年前他为我修过车，那时他是我家附近一家加油站的员工，故B项正确。4答案与解析：A考查动词短语辨析。A. filled out填写；B. handed out分发；C. held out伸出；D. took out拿出。修车自然要填写修理文件，故A项正确。5答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。A. stared盯着；B. reflected反射；C. worried担心；D. waited等待。D接另一个客户打来的电话，我在一旁等着，故D项正确。6答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。A. informed通知；B. involved卷入；C. prep
29、ared准备；D. occupied占有、使用。根据本空前的“I looked around the small office to keep myself”可知，我环顾一下这间小办公室，让自己有事可做，故D项正确。7答案与解析：B考查动词词义辨析。A. wrote写；B. read读、写明；C. recorded记录；D. shown显示。根据本空后的“Local Dairy Farmer Kills Whole Herd.”可知，这篇文章的标题是“当地奶农杀死整群奶牛”，故B项正确。8答案与解析：C考查名词词义辨析。A. plans计划；B. feelings感情；C. actions行动
30、；D. bravery勇敢。这篇文章是关于密歇根州第五代奶农在几年前的污染牛奶恐慌中的行动，故C项正确。9答案与解析：C考查形容词短语辨析。A. immune to不受影响；B. addicted to对上瘾；C. infected with染上；D. allergic to对过敏。根据本空后的“a disease that was affecting the milk supply.”可知，奶牛染上一种影响牛奶的疾病，故C项正确。10答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。A. tested测试、检查；B. killed杀死；C. buried埋葬；D. sold卖。根据本空后的“It was fo
31、und that out of the entire herd, only a few were infected.”可知，奶农花钱给所有的奶牛做了检查，发现只有少数染病，故A项正确。11答案与解析：B考查动词词义辨析。A. suspect怀疑：B. guarantee保证；C. challenge挑战；D. question质疑。因为没有人能够保证其他的奶牛是绝对安全的，所以他让人把牛杀了并埋掉以让消费者放心，故B项正确。12答案与解析：D考查形容词词义辨析。A. satisfying令人满意的；B. beneficial有益的；C. dangerous危险的； D. safe安全的。没有人
32、能够保证其他的奶牛是绝对安全的，故D项正确。13答案与解析：C考查名词词义辨析。A. danger危险；B. risk风险；C. loss损失；D. threat威胁。奶农把牛都杀了，这对他来说是一个巨大的损失，故C项正确。14答案与解析：A考查名词词义辨析。A. order命令；B. warning警告；C. ban禁止；D. solution解决方法。奶农的保险不能赔偿他的损失，因为国家没有发布让他把牛都杀死的法令，故A项正确。15答案与解析：B考查动词词义辨析。A. stored储存；B. displayed展示、表现；C. collected收集；D. appreciated欣赏。我问
33、D为什么把这篇文章展示在墙上，故B项正确。16答案与解析：D考查副词词义辨析。A. anywhere无论何处；B. anyhow不管怎样；C. somewhere在某处；D. somehow不知何故、以某种方法。我想他可能不知何故认识那个奶农，故D项正确。17答案与解析：A考查名词词义辨析。A. inspiration鼓舞；B. companion同伴；C. comfort安慰；D. memory记忆。根据本空后的“set a standard for integrity, trust and honesty.”可知，这个奶农鼓舞了他并为正直、信任和诚实树立了标准，故A项正确。18答案与解析：
34、C考查动词词义辨析。A. bought买；B. predicted预言；C. operated经营；D. acquired掌握。他就是按照这个标准经营自己的修配厂的，故C项正确。19答案与解析：B考查动词词义辨析。A. embarrassed使尴尬；B. impressed使印象深刻；C. confused迷惑；D. amused逗乐。根据本空后的“by both the farmer and D”可知，那个奶农和D都给我留下了深刻的印象，故B项正确。20答案与解析：D考查固定搭配。在我的推荐下，我的儿子在D 的汽车修配厂做了九个月的学徒，on ones recommendation表示“在某人的推荐下”，故D项正确。
