1、Unit 15 Learningarrow n. status n. pour vt. thinking n.oxygen n. chief adj. powder n. bureaucratic adj.tick vt. airmail n. flame n. shadow n.ox n. alphabet n. spit vi. kingdom n.jar n. motto n. acid n. facility n.blank adj. mild adj. onion n. biochemistry n.lump n. pace n. spy n. choir n.throat n. c
2、onservative adj. religion n. drag vt.backwards adv. loose adj. drill n. conventional adj.swell v. atom n. glue n. fellow n.1(2019全国卷)I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week.认真思考某事2(2019北京卷)When these organisms die，they bury carbon in the deep ocean，an important process tha
3、t helps to regulate the global climate.把埋葬单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1bury vt.埋葬2distinguish vt.区别，辨别；表现突出3assignment n作业；任务，工作4adapt vt.(使)适应；改编5select vt.挑选6lack vt.缺乏，没有7access n(使用或见到的)机会，权利 8acquire vt.获得，得到9unwilling adj.不情愿的10suspect v&n.怀疑；嫌疑犯11urge vt.力劝，强烈要求用所给词的适当形式填空。1Pity is_acquired(acquire) and im
4、proved by the cultivation of reason.2All of the assignments(assignment) for this course may be downloaded.3Judging from his conduct，I assume he lacks(lack) education in all aspects.12spelling n拼写13secure adj.稳定的；无忧无虑的14saying n格言，谚语15._image n比喻；形象16reputation n名誉，名声17outstanding adj.杰出的，优秀的18misund
5、erstand v误解19drag vt.拖，拉20rank n职衔21defence n保卫，保护22slight_ adj.少量的，微小的23obey vt. 服从，听从24vital adj.极其重要的25receiver_n接收者4He was_buried (bury) in reading when I came into his office for some files.5The facilities have been adapted to give access to wheelchair users.6He was the most distinguished(disti
6、nguish) doctor on heartdiseases in the world.7They have simply misunderstood(misunderstand) what rock and roll is at all.8The images_(image)of the moons surface were transmitted back to earth.派生单词语境运用1ignore vt.忽视，不顾ignorant adj.无知的，愚昧的ignorance n无知2simple adj.简单的，易懂的simplify vt.简化3instruct v教导，指导in
7、struction n教育，指导instructive adj.有益的；有教育意义的4reflect vt.反映；反射reflection n反射；反省；想法5worth adj.值得的 n价值worthy adj.值得的worthwhile adj.值得努力的6assume vt.假定，假设assumption n假定，假设7inspire v鼓舞；启发inspiration n灵感，鼓舞(激励)人心的人/事inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的8benefit v对有益，受惠 n利益beneficial adj.有用的，有益的9appreciate vt.重视，鉴赏，感激appreciat
8、ion n欣赏10punish vt. 惩罚punishment n惩罚，处罚11correct adj.正确的v. 改正；纠正correction_ n改正，改进12post n邮政v. 邮寄postage_n邮费13alternate adj.交替的；轮流的v. 交替；轮流n.代替者；代理人；候补者alternative_adj.非传统的；另类的alternatively adv.要不，或者14angle n角triangle n三角形15civilize v. 教化；开化；使文明；使有教养civilization n文明用所给词的适当形式填空。1You need to assume al
9、l your assumption is going to be wrong，including this one.(assume)2The main beneficial effects include increasing enterprises individual benefit.(benefit) 3If its not worth saying out loud，its probably not worthy of saying to yourself.(worth)4I carried the small lantern and walked around the river.T
10、he light was reflected in the river.The reflection looked so beautiful.(reflect)5I would appreciate it very much if you can give me a hand again.Meanwhile，I want to express my appreciation to you for your helping me before.(appreciate)6The teacher instructed that all the students should attend the i
11、nstructive lecture，for the professors instruction would be of great help to our study.(instruct)7The same method is used for error correction(correct) in DVD technology.8The Chinese civilization(civilize) is one of the oldest in the world. 9There were_alternative(alternate) methods of travel availab
12、le.10Anyone who breaks the law should be given punishment(punish).短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1aside_from 除之外2tend_to 往往会，倾向于3to_start_with 首先；第一4as_a_whole 总的来说5be_accustomed_to 习惯于6to_a_certain_extent_在某种程度上7frankly_speaking 老实说，说实话语境运用选用左栏短语的适当形式填空I tend_to imagine what my life would be like in the future.To_s
13、tart_with，I think my life will be very different in ten years.I will have my own family，probably with a lovely child.Aside_from them，I will work in a company，school or government department.I will enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues.As_a_whole，my life will be much richer and more col
14、orful.8set_off_使爆炸，引发，出发，动身9approve_of_赞成，赞许10switch_off关闭11put_forward 提出12._go_up 上升，上涨13in_conclusion最后，总之14lay_off 裁员；解雇15go_blank (脑子)一片空白，什么也想不起来选用左栏短语的适当形式填空Some suggestions were put_forward by the members of the company.But the manager didnt approve_of it.He has decided to lay_off some worke
15、rs，which set_off lots of complaints among workers.In_conclusion，the committee had to take some measures to deal with the problem.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1.be about to do.正要做Now Im about to graduate from the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelors Degree in Computer Engineerin
16、g by distance learning.他正要解释，她却笑起来了。He was_about_to_offer_an_explanation，but she was beginning to laugh.2.if引导虚拟条件句In the past，if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam，he would have had no chance of getting a degree.我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你的。If I had seen the film，I_
17、would_have_ told_you_about_it.3.It is/was time (that).I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.她同意打开鞋盒，是到他知道鞋盒里是什么东西的时候了。She agreed that it was time that he should_ know/knew_what_was_in_the_box.4.不带to的不定式作表语So many people think that after you retire，all you can do is switch off your bra
18、in and bury everything youve ever learnt.在我看来，我们所能做的一切就是耐心等待。As far as Im concerned，all_we_can_do_is_just_wait_patiently.5.wish后从句虚拟语气Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion！另外，我多么希望班里没有太多的学生。Besides，I wish there_would_not_be_too_many_students_in_a_class.1tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理
19、 (1)tend vt.(take care of/look after) 照管；护理tend to do sth.有做某事的倾向；有做某事的趋势tend to/towards sth.朝某方向(2)tendency n倾向；趋势have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向基础练习单句语法填空I tend to_go(go) to bed late and get up early in summer.The sort of music I hear varies，but tends to/towards popular music.I have a tendency(t
20、end) to talk too much when Im nervous.链接写作完成句子根据家庭的不同，我往往会给出不同的答案。I tend_to_have_a_different_answer，depending on the family.(tend vi.)2lack vt.缺乏，没有 n缺乏，不足；短缺的东西 (1)lack sth.缺乏/少某物(没有被动语态)(2)(a) lack of.缺乏for/through lack of因缺乏(3)lacking adj.缺少的，不足的(不置于名词前)be lacking in sth.缺少某物a lack of exercise/fo
21、od/money/skills 缺乏运动/食物/金钱/技能for lack of light由于缺乏光照基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Lacking(lack) natural resources，Japan imports more than 95% of its energy.More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space.It is obvious that Tom is lacking of common sense.ofin链接写作一句多译因为缺钱，他们没准时完成工作。L
22、acking_money，they could not finish their work on time.Lacking_in_money，they could not finish their work on time.They couldnt finish their work on time because_they_lack_money.They couldnt finish their work on time for_lack_of_money.3urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策 n强烈的欲望；冲动 urge sth./sb.on催促某物/某人前进urge sb.to do/
23、into doing sth.催促某人做某事urge that.(should) do sth.极力主张；强调It is urged that.(should) do sth.坚决要求the urge to run off the stage 想跑下台的冲动urge me to eat the strange food 怂恿我吃那种奇怪的食物基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错They urged us to_go(go) at once.My friends urged that I (should)_apply(apply) for the job.I need not press on you
24、 the urgency(urge) of the matter.Father urged that I apologized to my English teacher.apologized(should)_ apologize链接写作句型转换Our teacher urges us to study hard with the exam drawing near.It is urged that we_(should)_study_hard with the exam drawing near.4inspire v启发；鼓舞，鼓励；给(某人)创作灵感 inspire sb.with sth
25、.inspire sth.in sb.激励/鼓舞某人inspire sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事inspire the team 鼓舞团队士气inspire confidence 激发自信心基础练习单句语法填空Dreams can be a rich source of inspiration(inspire) for an artist.The teacher inspired us to_make(make) greater efforts.链接写作一句多译他的一番鼓舞人心的话激起了我的信心。His encouraging remark inspired_confidence_
26、in_me.His encouraging remark inspired_me_with_confidence.5bury vt.埋葬；隐藏；使专心，使沉浸 be buried inbury oneself in埋头于；专心于be buried in thought 沉思bury ones head/face in ones hands用手捂住头/脸基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错He buried his face in his hands.He buried himself(him) in his work.Buried(bury) in his study，he didnt know t
27、hat all the others had left.As you know，Im still buried on books at the school you are familiar with.onin链接写作句式升级(普通表达)Because she buried herself in the film，she didnt know it was snowing outside.(高级表达)Buried_in_the_film，she didnt know it was snowing outside.(过去分词短语作状语)(高级表达)Buring_herself_in_the_fi
28、lm，she didnt know it was snowing outside.(现在分词短语作状语)6access n通道；道路；接近或进入的方法 (1)access to.进入的通道get/have/gain/obtain access to.有权进入，有权使用(2)accessible adj.可到达的，可接近的，可用的，可进入的be accessible to.对而言容易接近/进入the only access to the village 通往村庄的唯一道路基础练习单句语法填空The court gave him access to his child at weekends.Th
29、e information is there and waiting to be accessible(access) by anyone here.链接写作完成句子去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。The_only_access_to the farmhouse is across the fields.(access)7adapt vt.使适应；改编，改造 高考原句2020全国卷People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes.(1)adapt (oneself) to 适应adapt sth.for
30、sth.改编为；使某事物适应或适合be adapted from由改编(2)adaptation n适应，改编(本)adapt myself to living on my own 适应我自己独立生活adapt to the environment 适应环境基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错After graduating from college，I gradually adapted myself to living (live) on my own.The play is adapted from a famous novel.As far as I know，he is going to
31、adapt his book for beginners.It took him a while to adapt himself with his new surroundings.withto链接写作完成句子To all of you，fresh students，how_to_adapt_yourself_to_the_new_environment (如何使自己适应新的环境)is the first thing that you have to face.8distinguish vt. 区别，辨别；使具有某种特征 (1)distinguish.from.使区别于的特征distingu
32、ish between.and.区分和distinguish oneself by.因而扬名(2)distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的be distinguished for 因而出名distinguish facts from rumors 辨别事实与传闻distinguish between good and evil 分清善恶基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Notice the distinguishing(distinguish) marks of the female spider.As is known to us，he is distinguished (distin
33、guish) for his knowledge of science.Honestly speaking，I admire your distinguishing achievements. distinguishingdistinguished链接写作完成句子Our school is located in a northern city of China，where you can taste many kinds of delicious food，because it_is_distinguished_for_its_snacks(它以小吃而闻名)9instruct vt. 指示；吩
34、咐；命令；讲授；指导；教导 (1)instruct sb./sth.to do sth.命令某人/某物去做某事instruct sb.in sth.教授某人某方面知识instruct that.(should) do命令(从句用虚拟语气)(2)follow the instructions服从指示；按照说明under ones instruction 在某人的指导下instruct the young not only in words，but by deeds 对年轻人言传身教carry out your instructions 执行你的命令基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错The capta
35、in instructed the soldiers to_retreat(retreat)Greater effort is needed to instruct children in road safety.Read the instructions (instruction) on the bottle before you take the medicine.They followed my instruct and were really immersed in charming tea culture.instructinstructions链接写作一句多译经理命令我快速把文档打
36、印出来。My_manager_instructed_me_to_type_the_document_quickly.(instruct sb.to do)My_manager_instructed_that_I_(should)_type_the_document_quickly. (instruct that.)10suspect v怀疑，不信任，猜想 n可疑分子，嫌疑犯 adj.可疑的，令人生疑的 (1)suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做)某事suspect sb.to be 怀疑某人是suspect that.怀疑suspect sth.怀疑某事(2)sus
37、picion n怀疑，嫌疑suspicious adj.感觉可疑的，令人怀疑的suspect him of killing the boy 怀疑他杀了那个男孩question a suspect 审问嫌疑人a suspect package 可疑包裹基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Having found many dead pigs in the river in Jinhua of Zhejiang，people began to suspect the safety of the drinking water.We suspected the people on parade of bur
38、ning(burn) his car made in Japan.I suspect him with being the thief.withof链接写作句型转换I suspect that he is the pickpocket.I suspect_him_to_be the pickpocket.(不定式作宾补)11worthwhile adj.值得努力的 (1)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事(2)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做(3)be worthya worthwhile job 值得干的工作be worth
39、while comparing /to compare prices 有必要比较一下价格基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错I dont think it worthwhile to_devote/devoting so much time to discussing the matter.She is an ordinary woman but she is really worth to respect. to_respectrespecting链接写作一句多译吴京拍摄的这部电影很值得看。The_film_produced_by_Wu_Jing_is_worth_seeing.(worth)Th
40、e_film_produced_by_Wu_Jing_is_worthy_of_being_seen. (worthy)The_film_produced_by_Wu_Jing_is_worthy_to_be_seen.(worthy)It_is_worthwhile_seeing/to_see_the_film_produced_by_Wu_Jing.(worthwhile)12approve v. 赞成；认可；满意 (1)approve of 赞成，赞许approve of sb.doing sth.同意某人做某事approve of (ones) doing.赞同/支持(某人)做appr
41、ove (doing) sth.批准(做)某事(2)approval n同意；批准approve our proposal 认可我们的提议approve of your trying to make some money 赞成你设法赚些钱基础练习单句语法填空She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents.链接写作完成句子Luckily enough，my application to be volunteer has_been_approved(已获批准)13be accustomed to 习惯于(表示状
42、态) (1)be accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.变得适应了(做)某事(2)accustom vt.使习惯于accustom oneself to.使自己习惯于be accustomed to hard work习惯了艰苦的工作grow accustomed to the dark 慢慢适应了黑暗基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错It is important that children become accustomed to communicating with their paren
43、ts.Youll soon get accustomed to walking(walk) long distances.He quickly accustomed himself(him) to the new life.As the Spring Festival draws near，the Chinese people are accustomed to put up couplets on the gates to welcome the New Year.putputting链接写作句式升级(普通表达)He was accustomed to the custom and didn
44、t want to change it.(高级表达)Accustoming_himself_to_the_custom，he didnt want to change it.(现在分词短语作状语)(高级表达)Accustomed_to_the_custom，he didnt want to change it.(过去分词短语作状语)14lay off 裁员，解雇；停止 lay down 放下；声明，阐述lay aside 把放到一边；储存(某物)待用/备用lay out 展开，铺开；布置，花费lay the blame on 责备，责怪lay stress on强调基础练习单句语法填空/单句改
45、错The boxer was_laid (lay) out in the fifth round.Youd better lay off smoking for your health for a while.The car factory is going to lay aside around 150 workers because of the drop in sales.asideoff链接写作完成句子道德教育非常重要，很多学校都很重视。(lay stress on)Moral lessons are so important that many_schools_lay_stress_
46、on_them.15set off 出发，动身；使爆炸；引发，激起 set up 开办， 建立set down 放下；记下set out to do sth.动身；开始set about doing sth.开始；着手做set aside 把放到一边，不理会基础练习写出下列句中set off的含义Our drifting team will set off after a while.出发A gang of boys were setting off fireworks in the street.使爆炸His speech set off violence in the crowd.激起链接
47、写作句型转换He sets about doing his homework after supper every day.He sets out to_do_his_homework after supper every day.16(教材P36)I decided that it was time I became an Internet user.我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。 句法句式it is/was time (that).是该的时候了。从句要用过去时或should do.(其中should不能省略)。(1)Its time that.有时也可以变式为：Its high ti
48、me that.或Its about time that.(2)It is time for sb.to do sth.到了某人该做某事的时间了。(3)It is/was the first/second time that现在完成时/过去完成时。联想发散“是该做某事的时候了”的几种表达方式：It is time for sth.It is time to do sth.It is time (for sb.)to do sth.It is time for doing sth.基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错I think that it is (high) time that you (sh
49、ould)_make/made(make) up your mind to study.It is the first time that I have_visited(visit) the Birds Nest.It is time for us to_do(do) our homework.Its high time that the article is published.iswere链接写作完成句子春天即将到来，是将要毕业的学生找工作的时候了。Spring is coming and it is time for those to graduate to_look (look) fo
50、r jobs.这是我第一次受到父母的责备。It is the first time that I have_been_scolded (scold) by my parents.17(教材P40)I suppose I was a bit lazy and now I wish Id done more work，especially in maths.我想我当时有点懒，现在我真希望当时能多做些努力，特别是在数学方面。 句法句式wish后跟从句时常用虚拟语气，表达不太现实或不太可能实现的愿望。wish后跟从句时常用虚拟语气，表达不太现实或不太可能实现的愿望。wish后面宾语从句中的谓语动词形式
51、为：金句推送Besides，I wish there would not be too many students in a class.此外，我希望一个班里不要有太多的学生。基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错Now that he is in China，he wishes he understood(understand) Chinese.I didnt learn to play any instrument when I was at school.I wish I had_learned (learn) to play the guitar.How I wish I have seen
52、her off at the airport.havehad链接写作完成句子当我上学的时候我没有学习弹奏任何乐器。我真希望我学弹奏吉他了。I didnt learn to play any instrument when I was at school.I wish I had_learned_ to_play_the_guitar.我母亲希望父亲不要再喝酒了。My mother wishes that my father wouldnt_drink_any_longer.他真希望Mary在这里分享他的成功。He wishes Mary were_here_to_share his succe
53、ss. 夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1He is distinguished(distinguish) for his good knowledge of literature.2Because she was lacking (lack) in training，she was afraid of making an exhibition of herself.3Its high time we were going(go)4I had to keep the video camera readily accessible (access) in case I saw some
54、thing that needed to be filmed.5I have to go home to finish my work.Thats too bad.I wish you would/could/might_go (go) with me to see a film tonight.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1The coach urged on us the importance of teamwork.2The company was deeply in debt and some employees were laid off.3The bomb was set off w
55、hen the car engine started up.4Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and lack of exercise.5At what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong? 查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1Assuming (assume) that you are chosen to be a volunteer，what will you do?2The leisure_faciliti
56、es_(facility)are there for the use of guests to be here.3The telephone suddenly stopped ringing as I picked up the receiver(receive)4The teacher explains things with examples and simplifies(simplify) difficult ones.5Two men were caught stealing(steal) apples in the old mans fruit garden.6My wife oft
57、en wishes I had_earned(earn) more money to provide for the family.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1He acquired a knowledge of English when he was in England.2I was about to do some shopping when he telephoned me.3Larry had no alternative but to go there alone for the job.4People are more accustomed to recycling used p
58、aper at present.5The wonderful book is worthy of_being read for a second time.6These are useful to review_in preparation for the final exam. 强技提能语言应用.语法填空根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nowadays，there are more and more people 1.who are continuing to study to improve themselves.Here are several exa
59、mples.2.Having_failed (fail) his college entrance exam，Sun Wen took up studying 3.for a degree in the evenings and on weekends while keeping a fulltime job.Now Sun is about 4.to_graduate (graduate) with a Bachelors Degree and he is getting promoted because of the new 5.qualification (qualify).6.Laid
60、 (lay) off from the company，Ms Tang was filled with anger and sadness.At first，she enjoyed 7.being (be) a fulltime housewife，8.but soon she got bored.Now she has learned so many new skills 9.that she is prepared to set up her own company.Grandpa Chen is 75 years old，but he is still teaching 10.himse
61、lf (he) new tricks every day.He has learned how to use the Internet and now hes doing an English course on the Internet.书面表达Step 1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)为了让父母和老师认同我的能力，希望在不久的将来我能到一所有良好声誉的大学就读。In order to let my parents and teachers approve_of my ability，I hope I can be admitted to a university which
62、has a good reputation in the near future.升入大学后，我要做些改变以尽快适应新环境。After I enter college，I must make some changes to_adapt_myself_to_the_ new_environment as soon as possible.希望在学习方法方面得到老师们的指导；我会努力学习，我会有突出的表现。I expect that the teachers will instruct me in my way of learning.I will study hard to distinguis
63、h_myself.我相信上大学是值得的，也会很精彩。I think it_is_worthwhile to go to university and Ill have a wonderful college life.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)(1)用介词短语升级1中的In_order_to_let_my_parents_and_teachers_approve_of_my_ability，I_hope_I_ can_be_admitted_to_a_university_with_a_good_reputation_in_the_near_future.(2)用
64、介词短语升级1中的After_entering_college，I_must_make_some_changes_to_adapt_myself_to_the_ new_environment_as_soon_as_possible.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)In order to let my parents and teachers approve of my ability，I hope I can be admitted to a university with a good reputation in the near future.After entering college，I must make some changes to adapt myself to the new environment as soon as possible and I expect that the teachers will instruct me in my way of learning.I will study hard to distinguish myself.I think it is worthwhile to go to university and Ill have a wonderful college life.
