1、Section Grammar 虚拟语气和状语从句语法图解探究发现They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired.They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.Mary speaks as if she were Chinese.Its high
2、 time that we should have/had a rest.As long as youve got a raincoat, youll be OK.Just stay where you are and dont move.Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.Whatever happens, youre going to have a marvelous time.The little child eats whatever we give him.我的发现(1)以上句中，句谓语动词均使用了虚拟语气。、从句中用should动词原形，
3、should可以省略。(2)句中黑体部分分别引导条件、地点、让步状语从句。(3)由句可知，as引导让步状语从句时，句子要采用倒装语序。(4)句中黑体部分引导让步状语从句，句中引导名词性从句。一、虚拟语气虚拟语气用于宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句中，常可表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等，其虚拟语气往往是由“(should)动词原形”构成。1宾语从句中的虚拟语气(1)一般用法在表示命令、建议、劝告、欲望、要求、主张这一类动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气，即should动词原形，should可以省略。这类动词有suggest(建议), insist(坚持要求), demand, r
4、equest, desire, order, advise, propose, command, recommend等。She suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.她建议我们第二天早点出发。The doctor insisted the patient (should) be sent to hospital immediately.医生坚决要求这个病人立刻被送往医院。The boss requested that the secretary (should) type out the plan in five min
5、utes.老板要求秘书在五分钟内把计划打印出来。The worker recommended that the machine (should) be checked once a week.工人建议这台机器应该一周检查一次。名师点津当suggest表示“暗示，表明”之意，insist表示“坚持说”之意时，suggest/insist后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，应使用陈述语气。表示“坚持”“命令”“建议”“要求”等的名词后面接同位语从句、表语从句时，从句中谓语用should动词原形，should可以省略。(2)wish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句中谓语动词主要有三种形式：We wish we
6、 had studied more hard when at school.我们上学时能学习再努力一点就好了。I wish I were taller. 我的个子要是再高一点儿就好了。I wish I could fly. 我要是能飞就好了。I wish he would try again. 我希望他能再试一次。(3)would rather 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语主要有两种形式：I would rather you came to see me tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来看我。I would rather you hadnt told me the fact. 我宁愿你没有
7、告诉我实情。即时演练1(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空They wish that prices would decline (decline)He ordered that the students (should) wash (wash) the clothes every week by themselves.Id rather you didnt make (not, make) any comment on the issue for the time being.(陕西高考改编)My mom suggests that we(should) eat (eat) out for a c
8、hange this weekend.(2)完成句子He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。He insisted that I (should) see the film. 他坚持要我看看那部电影。He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建议我们留下吃饭。What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他说的话表明他是一个骗子。2主语从句中的虚拟语气(1)在It is/was suggested (requested, required
9、, ordered, proposed, decided, etc.) that . 句型中，it是形式主语，从句常用虚拟语气，谓语为“(should)动词原形”。It is required that the students (should) wear school uniforms at school. 学校要求学生在学校必须穿校服。It is suggested that parents (should) spend more time with their children.人们建议父母应该花更多的时间和孩子在一起。(2)It is/was important/necessary/n
10、atural/strange/a pity/no wonder . that sb. should do .It is a pity that he should fail to pass the driving test.真遗憾他竟然没有通过驾驶测试。It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.我们有必要事先做好准备。It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand the rules of school.重要的是学生都
11、能了解校规。即时演练2(1)完成句子It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.要求任何人不要在此抽烟。It is important that enough money (should) be collected to fund the project.重要的是募集足够的钱，为这个项目提供资金。Its suggested that we (should) take good care of the patient.有人建议我们应该照顾好病人。(2)句型转换It is important for teenagers to learn skill
12、s. It is important that teenagers should learn skills. People required that the earth should be protected well.It is required that the earth should be protected well. 3表语从句中的虚拟语气基本结构：(表示建议、提议、命令、要求等的)名词bethat主语(should)动词原形The doctors advice was that you (should) give up smoking. 医生的建议是你应该戒烟。4同位语从句中的
13、虚拟语气基本结构：(表示建议、提议、命令、要求等的)名词that主语(should)动词原形The young man followed his doctors advice that he (should) give up drinking.那个年轻人接受了医生让他戒酒的建议。名师点津表语从句和同位语从句中，表示请求、要求、命令、建议等的名词有advice, desire, order, proposal, recommendation, request, plan, idea, requirement, suggestion, demand等。即时演练3(1)完成句子His order i
14、s that the problem (should) be solved at once (问题应马上解决)My suggestion is that we (should) hold a meeting tonight (今晚我们应该开个会)We followed his advice that we (should) ask our teacher for help (我们应该请求老师帮忙)His demand is that we (should) do our work more carefully (我们做工作应该更细心些)(2)单句改错His father gave an ord
15、er that he keeps a diary in English every day.keepskeepI made a suggestion that he will put an advertisement in the local paper.willshould或去掉willOur desire is that the match will be put off. willshould或去掉will One of the requirements for a fire is that the material must be heated to its burning tempe
16、rature.mustshould或去掉must5在as if/though 引导的从句中的虚拟语气从句用过去时表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑从句用过去完成时表示对过去事实的假设It seems as if it were spring.现在好像是春天似的。She appeared as if she had known nothing about it. 她看上去对此一无所知。6Its (high) time .句式中的虚拟语气在It is (high) time .句式中，time后的从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用过去式或“should动词原形”。It is time we di
17、d/should do something for our country. 到了我们该为国家做些事情的时候了。It is high time you cleaned/should clean the classroom.到了你该打扫教室的时候了。即时演练4用所给动词的适当形式填空They talked about the city as though they had been (be) there before. John pretends as if he didnt know (not, know) the thing at all. Its high time that we got
18、/should get (get) down to our work. That tree looks as if it wasnt watered (not, water) for a long time. Its time that people paid/should pay (pay) attention to the environment.(辽宁高考改编)Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he did/should do something instead of just talking.二、状语从句状语从句是在复合句中作状语的从
19、句，本单元主要讲的是地点状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句。1地点状语从句地点状语从句可置于句首、句中或句尾，常用where, wherever等引导。Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本是不可能的。You are free to go wherever you like.你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。名师点津where表示特指的某个地方；wherever表示泛指任何地方。即时演练5选词填空(where, wherever)/句型转换He must go wherever
20、 we send him.Make a mark where you have a question.(重庆高考改编)Half an hour later, Lucy still couldnt get a taxi where the bus had dropped her.We must camp in the place, where we can get water. We must camp where we can get water.2条件状语从句条件状语从句可置于句首或句尾，常用if, unless, as/so long as, in case, on condition t
21、hat等引导。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.如果明天不下雨，我们就去远足。I will not go to the party unless he goes there, too.除非他也去，否则，我也不会去参加聚会的。You can go out to play as long as you stay in the backyard. 只要不出后院，你就可以出去玩。In case you need something, please dont hesitate to let me know.如果你需要什么东西，请告诉我，别客气。即
22、时演练6连词填空You can go swimming on condition that you dont go too far away from the river bank. You may borrow the book so/as long as you keep it clean. (湖南高考改编)You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. 3让步状语从句常见引导词有though
23、, while(一般位于句首)，although, even if/even though, as, no matter疑问词等。My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, even though hes in his nineties.(2016北京高考)我爷爷尽管已经九十多岁了，仍然不时地打打网球。Although birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.(2017北京高考)虽然鸟类用羽毛飞行，但是它们的一些羽毛也
24、有其他用途。No matter how (However) difficult it is, I will overcome it.无论它多么难，我都会克服它。名师点津(1)as引导让步状语从句需倒装，将表语、状语或部分谓语提前；表语是名词时，其前不带冠词；though引导的状语从句可倒装，也可不倒装。(2)no matter疑问词只能引导让步状语从句；疑问词ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。即时演练7(1)连词填空However/No matter how pure the water looks, I do not want to drink it.Whether you
25、believe it or not, its true.Although/Though he was exhausted, he kept on working.Object as/though you may, Ill go.We wont be discouraged even if/though we fail ten times.(2)句型转换Though she is a pop star, she still needs to improve.Pop star as/though she is, she still needs to improve.Whatever you say
26、, Ill never change my mind. No matter what you say, Ill never change my mind.No matter who you are, you must keep the law.Whoever you are, you must keep the law. .单句语法填空1They made an requirement that we (should) accompany (accompany) them on the trip.2George is going to talk about the geography of h
27、is country, but Id rather he focused (focus) more on its culture.3Its important that he (should) ask (ask) advice of other people about his work.4One can always manage to do more things, no matter how full ones schedule is in life.5Although/Though life is full of ups and downs, where there is life,
28、there is hope.6A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.7Hot as the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.8Unless we have enough evidence, we cant win the case.9You can borrow my car as/so long as you promise not to
29、drive too fast.10It is high time we studied/should study (study) harder.完成句子1Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.不管我在哪里我都会想到你。2Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired.如果你不太累，我们出去散散步。3Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.虽然是个小孩，该做什么不做什么，他全知道。4Whether you believe
30、 it or not, it is really true.信不信由你，这确实是真的。5Whatever happened, he would not mind.不管发生什么，他不在意。6The meeting will be put off in case it rains.万一下雨，会议就要延期。7Although/Though he was worn out, he kept on working.虽然他已经筋疲力尽了，但仍然继续工作。8Well start our project if the president agrees.如果总经理同意的话，我们将开始我们的项目。9I recom
31、mend that you buy the book.我建议你买这本书。10He proposed that this matter be considered at the next meeting.他提议，下次会议再研究此事。.短文改错My neighbor Li Hai is going to graduate college soon and he hasnt found the job yet. He was once advising to learn computer skills, so he thought it was difficult. When he saw othe
32、rs learning English, he shook his head, says it was too hard to remember the new word. He enjoyed watching TV, playing cards, smoking and so on. He felt it was hard for him to give up all this habits. Not long ago, he went to look for a job. When he knew that talents were great needed, he sighed and regretted the time that what he had wasted. How he wished he has worked hard in college!答案：第一句：graduate后加from; thea第二句：advisingadvised; sobut第三句：sayssaying; wordwords第五句：thisthese第七句：greatgreatly; 去掉what第八句：hashad
