1、单元素养提升(三) Unit 9. 单句语法填空1. Scientists have produced powerful arguments (argue)against his ideas. 2. I appreciate your hard work, but I can not give you a guarantee that you will surely get promoted(promote). 3. He left me a good impression(impress) the first time I met him. 4. The measures should be
2、 implemented effectively(effective). 5. Students of these programs are normally(normal) educated separately from other students. 6. If you are interested, please sign up at the office before 5: 00 pm so that we will make necessary arrangements (arrange). 7. I felt as if I had seen my childhood (chil
3、d)from another space: happy and carefree. 8. Love is said to be a good medicine for emotional (emotion)harm. 9. I love my business, and I love the excitement(excite). 10. Theres not a lot of evidence(evident) to support the claim that these slight differences often influence consumers health. . 选词填空
4、argue with, end up, work out, in short, attempt to, at the heart of, be based on, as a result, be honored to, take it easy1. When life becomes difficult, take it easy. 2. For me, characterisation is at the heart of my books. 3. Although it is a simple view, this aspect is hard to argue with. 4. As a
5、 result, many species are quickly dying out. 5. I ended up finishing the job before the new term began. 6. Friendship is always based on competition. 7. In short, Internet voting, to some extent, is unfair, if not immoral, and cannot be trusted. 8. I am honored to lead such a successful and famous t
6、eam. 9. Wed better consider all the possibilities in advance before we work out the plan. 10. The thief attempted to escape but was caught by the police. . 完成句子 1. Bettys main strength is her ability to keep calm no matter how urgent the situation is. 贝蒂的主要优点是, 无论情况多么紧急她都能保持镇静。2. The green outer ski
7、n is hard and fleshy, and rarely eaten, while the inner part is soft. 绿色的外果皮坚硬多肉, 很少食用, 而内果皮柔软。3. All the students couldnt help laughing when hearing the joke. 当听到这个笑话时, 所有的学生都忍不住笑了。4. In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Cultures”. 在我们学校的报纸上有一个专栏叫“外国文化”。5. Hearing how ot
8、hers react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. 听别人对你刚读过的这本书的反应会带来额外的乐趣。. 阅读理解A (2020济南高一检测)Among the four skills in learning English, which one of these is the “odd-man-out”? The answer is speaking. The other three you can do alone on your own. But you cant really speak alone!
9、Speaking to yourself can be “dangerous” because men in white coats may come and take you away! Where can you find people to speak English? And how can you practice speaking when you are alone? At schoolIf you pay to go to a language school, you should use the opportunity to speak. If your teacher as
10、ks you to speak in pairs or groups with other students, try to say as much as possible. Dont worry about your mistakes. Just speak! Conversation ClubsMany cities around the world have conversation clubs where people can exchange one language for another. Look in your local newspaper to find a conver
11、sation club near you. They are usually free although some may charge a small entrance fee(费用). ShoppingEven if you dont want to buy anything, you can ask questions about products that interest you in a shop. “How much does this cost? ” “Can I pay by cheque? ” Often you can start a real conversationa
12、nd it costs you nothing! Caf and BarsThere are often American, Britain, Irish and Australian bars in many large cities. If you can find one, youll probably meet many people speaking English as a first or second language. Language is all around youEverywhere you go, you find language. Shop names, str
13、eet names, advertisements, notices, and car numbers. . . . When you walk down the street, practice reading the words and numbers that you see. Say them to yourself. Its not exactly a conversation, but it will help you to “think” in English. But dont speak too loud! Songs and VideosRepeat the words o
14、f an English song singing with the music until it becomes automatic. Its good practice for your memory and for the mouth muscles that you need for English. Above all, speak as much as possible! Make as many mistakes as possible! When you know that you have made a mistake, you know that you have made
15、 progress! 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提高英语学习者的口语水平的多个技巧和方法。1. What does the underlined part “odd-man-out” probably mean according to the passage? A. Someone or something that can be easily mistaken for another. B. Someone or something appearing different from the others. C. Someone or something standing ou
16、t of the group. D. Someone or something arranged in pairs. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第一段中的Among the four skills in learning English, which one of these is the “odd-man-out”? The answer is speaking. The other three you can do alone on your own. 可推知, odd-man-out指与别的不一样的事物。故选B。2. Why does the writer say “Make as
17、many mistakes as possible”? A. Because everyone will make mistakes in learning English. B. Because making mistakes is a must in making progress in learning English. C. Because everyone will meet people speaking English with some mistakes. D. Because making mistakes can make one realize the importanc
18、e of speaking. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的When you know that you have made a mistake, you know that you have made progress! 可推知, 作者说“尽量多犯错误”, 是因为犯错误是学好英语取得进步的必经之路。故选B。3. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To tell us that English is all around us. B. To tell us that we can speak English alone. C. To gi
19、ve us some advice on how to practice speaking English. D. To tell us speaking is the easiest of the four skills in learning English. 【解析】选C。目的意图题。根据第二段中的Where can you find people to speak English? And how can you practice speaking when you are alone? 可知, 本文的主要目的是给我们推荐一些如何练习口语的建议。故选C。B(2020北京高一检测)Whe
20、n Faith Wanjiku graduated from the Technical University of Kenya last year, she immediately enrolled (注册) in the Confucius Institute in Kenyatta University. She wanted to learn Chinese, as she believed that it would help her land a good job. She has just completed the Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK) 3 e
21、xam. HSK is a test of Chinese language level for non-native speakers, organized by the Confucius Institute Headquarters. However, this level isnt enough for Wanjiku, who plans to pass HSK 6. She wanted to increase her level of Chinese and improve her spoken Chinese. And Wanjiku isnt alone. The numbe
22、r of people taking the HSK reached 6. 8 million in 2018 and went up 4. 6 percent from a year earlier, the Ministry of Education said on May 31. Chinese is becoming an increasingly popular choice of language to study around the world. Currently, middle school students in Russia can take Chinese as an
23、 elective language test in the countrys national college entrance exam, Sputnik News reported. In May, Zambia became the fourth country in Africaafter Kenya, Uganda and South Africato introduce Chinese language to its schools. And many English-speaking countries have shown an interest in allowing th
24、eir students to learn Chinese. The US government announced the launch of “1 Million Strong” in 2015, a plan that aims to bring the total number of learners of Chinese to 1 million by 2020. Behind the growing popularity of Chinese language learning is the international communitys positive attitude to
25、ward Chinas future development, as well as the peoples longing to learn about Chinese civilization and culture. Indeed, its as the former president of South Africa Nelson Mandela put it, “if you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his own language
26、, that goes to his heart. ”【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了Wanjiku毕业后参加的由孔子学院总部组织的针对非母语人士的汉语水平测试, 由此告诉我们: 中文正成为世界各地越来越受欢迎的语言学习选择。4. What did Wanjiku do after graduating from university? A. She went abroad. B. She learned Chinese. C. She found a job. D. She travelled to China. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中She wanted to le
27、arn Chinese, as she believed that it would help her land a good job. 可知, 毕业后Wanjiku想学汉语。故选B。5. What is HSK for as a test? A. Non-native speakers. B. Native speakers. C. Middle school students. D. College students. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中HSK is a test of Chinese language level for non-native speakers, or
28、ganized by the Confucius Institute Headquarters. 可知, 汉语水平考试是一项针对非母语人士的考试。故选A。6. What does the underlined sentence mean? A. Wanjiku has lots of friends. B. Lots of people want to pass HSK 6 exam. C. Wanjiku has passed HSK 3 exam. D. Many people want to live in China. 【解析】选B。句意猜测题。根据第三段中The number of
29、people taking the HSK reached 6. 8 million in 2018 and went up 4. 6 percent from a year earlier, the Ministry of Education said on May 31. 可推知, 画线句子的意思是“很多人都想通过HSK 6考试”故选B。7. What may be the best title for the text? A. Chinese Language Study Takes OffB. Chinese Play An Important Role in EconomyC. Pe
30、ople Share the Experience of Learning ChineseD. Different Opinions about the Function of Chinese【解析】选A。标题归纳题。根据第四段Chinese is becoming an increasingly popular choice of language to study around the world. Currently, middle school students in Russia can take Chinese as an elective language test in the
31、 countrys national college entrance exam, Sputnik News reported. 可知, 中文学习正在腾飞。故选A。. 语法填空(2020大庆高一检测)My experience of teaching students was a wonderful adventure. I had to deal with various challenges again and again. The 1. _ (great) part of it was the relationship I developed with two students. One
32、 of the students was Michael, 2. _ I met when I was working for a kindergarten. Before I became a morning bus assistant, I 3. _ (hear) that Michael was a student who would always shout, stand up on the bus, make fun 4. _ other students, and distract the bus driver. So I decided that each morning, 5.
33、 _ he got on the bus, Id have Michael sit beside me. At first he didnt like this idea. But soon he settled down, 6. _ (know) he had no choice. I began to talk to him about little things outside of school life, such as his weekend 7. _ (activity) and things that he liked to do. I also listened 8. _ (
34、close) to him. As I gave Michael the attention that he needed, little by little, he began to behave better and better. Another student I took a special interest in was a boy 9. _ (name) Tony, a third grader. To some degree, Tony seemed to be a slow or passive learner. So I decided to see if I could
35、find a way to encourage Tony 10. _ (stay) at the task. Before long, he was paying more attention to his studies and scored high in all tests. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名老师如何纠正学生行为不端、不守纪律等行为。1. 【解析】greatest。根据语境及空前的The可知, 这里要用形容词的最高级。故填greatest。2. 【解析】whom。分析句子结构可知, 空处引导非限制性定语从句, 指代先行词Michael, 并在从句中作宾
36、语, 故填whom。3. 【解析】had heard。根据语境可知, hear这一动作发生在became之前, 即过去的过去, 故用过去完成时。故填had heard。4. 【解析】of。make fun of“取笑”, 为固定用法, 故填of。5. 【解析】when。空处引导状语从句, 表示“当时”, 故填when。6. 【解析】knowing。分析句子结构可知, 此处know与he为逻辑上的主动关系, 作伴随状语, 故填knowing。7. 【解析】activities。activity“活动”为可数名词, activities与things为并列关系, 故用复数形式。故填activiti
37、es。8. 【解析】closely。此处应用副词修饰动词listened, 故填closely。9. 【解析】named。boy与name在逻辑上是被动关系, 所以用动词-ed形式作后置定语。故填named。10. 【解析】to stay。encourage sb. to do sth. “鼓励某人做某事”。故填to stay。. 阅读填句(2020北京高一检测)Develop Note-Taking SkillsWhile attending a lecture, students are often surprised that their teacher can pick out a s
38、peakers main points, evidence, and techniques. Of course, the teacher knows what to listen for and has had plenty of practice. But the next time you get an opportunity, watch your teacher during a speech. Chances are she or he will be listening with a pen and paper. 1Unfortunately, many people dont
39、take notes effectively. Some try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility(敏捷) against the speakers rate of speech. 2But soon the speaker is winning the race. The speaker pulls so far ahead that the note taker can never catch up. Fina
40、lly, the note taker admits defeat and spends the rest of the speech grumbling in frustration. 3They arrive armed with pens, notebooks, and the best of intentions. They know they cant write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs
41、 their attention. Every once in a while the speaker rewards them with a joke, a dramatic story, or a startling fact. Then the note taker seizes pen, jots down a few words, and leans back dreamily to await the next fascinating tidbit(趣闻). By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbitsa
42、nd little or no record of the speakers important ideas. As these examples illustrate, they dont know what to listen for, and they dont know how to record what they do listen for. The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speakers main points and evidence. 4Although there are a number of sys
43、tems, most students find the key-word outline best for listening to speeches. As its name suggests, this method briefly notes a speakers main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form. By separating main points from sub-points and evidence, the outline format shows the relationships among
44、 the speakers ideas. 5But with a little effort you will become a better note taker. A. As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write. B. Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems. C. Perfecting this system of note-taking requires practice. D. Taking effecti
45、ve notes usually helps you receive higher grades. E. Some people go to the opposite extreme. F. But once you know what to listen for, you still need a sound method of note taking. G. When note taking is done properly, it is sure to keep track of a speakers ideas. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些做笔记的技巧。1. 【解
46、析】选G。根据第一段“While attending a lecture, students are often surprised that their teacher can pick out a speakers main points, evidence, and techniques. (在听课时, 学生们常常会惊讶于他们的老师居然能说出演讲者的主要观点、论据和技巧。)”和“Chances are she or he will be listening with a pen and paper. ( 她或他听的时候可能会用笔和纸。)”可知, G选项“当正确地做笔记时, 它肯定会记录下
47、演讲者的想法。”符合语境。对上文的总结。故选G。2. 【解析】选A。根据前句“They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility against the speakers rate of speech. (他们把记笔记看作是一种竞赛, 将自己的书写敏捷性与说话人的语速相比较。)”和后句“But soon the speaker is winning the race. (但很快发言者就赢得了比赛。)”可知, A选项“当发言者开始说话时, 记笔记的人就开始写”符合语境。承接上文, 与下文构成转折关系。故选A。3.
48、【解析】选E。根据本段最后一句“By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbitsand little or no record of the speakers important ideas. ( 在讲座结束时, 记笔记的人会记录一些趣闻, 但很少或根本不会记录演讲者的重要观点。)”可知, E选项“有些人走向了相反的极端。”符合语境。故选E。4. 【解析】选F。根据上文“As these examples illustrate, they dont know what to listen for, and they do
49、nt know how to record what they do listen for. The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speakers main points and evidence. ( 正如这些例子所说明的, 他们不知道要听什么, 也不知道如何记录他们真正所听的内容。第一个问题的解决方法是关注演讲者的主要观点和证据。)”可知, F项“但是一旦你知道要听什么, 你仍然需要一种明智的记录方法。”符合语境。承接上文。故选F。5. 【解析】选C。根据后句“But with a little effort you wil
50、l become a better note taker. ( 但稍加努力, 你就会成为一个更好的记笔记者。)”此句和前一句是转折关系, 可知, C选项“完善这种记笔记系统需要练习。”符合语境。故选C。. 完形填空(2020厦门高一检测)People live in the present. They plan for the future. History, 1, is the study of the past. Given all the demands and pressures that come from living in the present and 2 what is ye
51、t to come, why bother with what has been? Given all the available branches of knowledge, why insistas most educational systems doon history? And why encourage many students to study even more history than they are 3 to? Any subject of study needs to be 4: supporters must explain why it is worth 5. L
52、ike most widely accepted subjects, history attracts people who simply 6 the information and modes of thought involved. But for people who are less interested in the subject and more 7 about why they should bother with it, a clearer explanation of its purpose is required. 8do not perform heart transp
53、lants, improve highway design, or arrest criminals. In a society that quite correctly expects education to serve useful purposes, historys functions can seem more 9 to determine than those of engineering or medicine. History is in fact very useful, actually 10, but the products of historical study a
54、re often less 11 and immediate than those of other subjects. History helps us understand people, societies and how they12. For example, how can we 13 past wars (and future threats) without using historical materials? Unfortunately, major aspects of a societys operation cannot be set up as precise ex
55、periments. 14, history must serve, however imperfectly, as our laboratory, helping us understand who we are and why we do what we do. This, fundamentally, is why we cannot 15 history. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习历史的重要性。1. A. otherwiseB. besidesC. however D. therefore【解析】选C。句意: 人们生活在当下, 为将来做打算。然而历史是在学习过去。
56、otherwise否则; besides 此外; however然而; therefore 因此。此句中the study of the past和上文in the present和for the future形成对比, 表示转折, 故选C。2. A. avoidingB. fearingC. celebratingD. expecting【解析】选D。句意: 期待将要发生什么。 avoiding 避免; fearing 害怕; celebrating 庆祝; expecting 期待, 期望。宾语是what is yet to come, 即将到来的事情, 故与动词expect期待搭配, 故
57、选D。3. A. requiredB. invitedC. forcedD. permitted【解析】选A。句意: 为什么要鼓励学生学习除要求之外更多的历史知识呢? required 要求; invited 邀请; forced强迫; permitted 允许。根据句中“even more history than they are _to”可知, 学习除要求之外更多的历史, 故选A。4. A. introducedB. exploredC. justifiedD. dropped【解析】选C。句意: 任何学习的科目都需要证明其是合理的。 introduced介绍; explored探索;
58、justified证明合理; dropped 掉下, 减少。根据下文“supporters must explain why it is worth”可知, 支持者们需要解释它为什么值得学习, 故需要证明其是合理的, 故选C。5. A. protectionB. attentionC. expectationD. mention【解析】选B。句意: 支持者们必须解释它为什么值得被关注。 protection 保护; attention 关注; expectation 期待; mention 提及。故选B。6. A. provideB. receiveC. shareD. like【解析】选D。
59、句意: 历史吸引着那些喜欢这些相关信息和思维模式的人。 provide 提供; receive 接收; share 分享; like 喜欢。与后文But for people who are less interested in the subject不喜欢历史的人, 形成对比, 此处为喜欢历史的人, 故选D。7. A. doubtfulB. worriedC. thoughtfulD. certain【解析】选A。句意: 但是对于那些对历史没那么感兴趣的人, 以及对于他们为何要学习历史感到怀疑的人。 doubtful 怀疑的; worried担忧的; thoughtful体贴的, 关切的;
60、certain 确信的。根据后文a clearer explanation of its purpose is required需要对其目的作出更清晰的解释。故那些人是怀疑的, 故选A。8. A. SupportersB. HistoriansC. AudiencesD. Teachers【解析】选B。句意: 历史学家不做心脏移植手术, 不改进公路设计, 也不逮捕罪犯。 supporters 支持者; historians历史学家; audiences 观众; teachers 教师。本文是在讲历史的重要性, 故主语为历史学家historians, 故填B。9. A. difficultB.
61、sensibleC. secureD. beneficial【解析】选A。句意: 历史的功能似乎比工程或医学的功能更难确定。 difficult 困难的; sensible合理的; secure安全的; beneficial 有益的。故选A。10. A. optionalB. attractiveC. accessibleD. vital【解析】选D。句意: 历史实际上很有用, 也很重要。optional 可选择的; attractive 有吸引力的; accessible 可进入的, 易理解的; vital 重要的。此处应与useful表并列, 故填D。11. A. valuableB. i
62、nterestingC. obviousD. instructive【解析】选C。句意: 和其他学科相比, 历史学习的产物似乎没有那么明显和即时。 valuable 有价值的; interesting有趣的; obvious 明显的; instructive 有教育意义的。故选C。12. A. feelB. behaveC. fightD. live【解析】选B。句意: 历史帮助我们了解人民、社会以及他们是如何表现的。 feel 感觉; behave 举止; fight 斗争; live 生活。根据下文的具体例子, 可以判断出此处说的是人们是如何表现的, 故选B。13. A. preventB
63、. rememberC. evaluateD. declare【解析】选C。句意: 比如, 如果没有历史材料, 我们将如何评估过去的战争(未来的威胁)? prevent 阻止; remember 记得; evaluate 评估; declare 宣布。此处说明历史对于今日的借鉴作用, 故而是我们评价战争, 故选C。14. A. ConsequentlyB. AlternativelyC. FortunatelyD. Admittedly【解析】选A。句意: 所以, 历史就必将成为我们的实验室为我们服务尽管它是不完美的。 consequently 因此; alternatively 或者; fortunately幸运的是; admittedly 诚然。分析上下文可知, 前后两句为因果关系, 故选A。15. A. make up forB. give in toC. get close toD. stay away from【解析】选D。句意: 这就是从根本上讲, 我们不能远离历史的原因。 make up for 弥补; give in to 屈服; get close to 接近; stay away from 远离。文章末尾对本文主题进行点睛, 说明历史的重要性, 故填D。
