1、浙江省湖州中学2021届高三英语上学期第二次教学质量检测试题（含解析）考生须知：1本试卷共 4 大题， 67小题；考试时间 120 分钟，满分 150 分。2试题选择题部分需用2B铅笔填涂在答题纸上，主观题部分请用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔答在答题纸相应的答题区域内，答在试卷上无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the speak
2、ers probably do next? A. Have lunch B. Meet Mr. Smith C. Work on a report.2. Why didnt Pete run in the relay race?A. He was injured. B. He never had the heart. C. He didnt care about this opportunity.3. What makes the man unhappy?A. He has lost all his files in the laptop.B. His laptop has been stol
3、en.C. He has got infected with some virus.4. What day is it today?A. Sunday. B. Saturday. C Friday.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A fire. B. An earthquake. C. A flood.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位罝。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后
4、，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank. B. In a shop. C. In an accounting office.7. What does the woman request from the man?A. Some cash. B. Several forms. C. His ID card.听第7段材料，答第8、9题。8. Why wasnt the man planning on eating much to
5、night?A. He just had a sandwich. B. He wanted to lose weight. C. He had a heavy meal for lunch.9. What will the woman do first?A. Change clothes. B. Call a taxi. C. Head for the cinema.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. How many nights will the man stay?A. 2. B. 3. C. 4.11. What did the man ask for?A . A non-smok
6、ing room. B. Room service. C. A wake-up call.12. What might the man be doing at 9:00 tomorrow morning?A. Eating breakfast. B. Reading materials C. Having a meeting听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Why does the man make the phone call?A. To change his current plan. B. To correct a mistake on his phone bill.C. To
7、get some information about different plans.14. Which kind of free calls does the mans plan include?A.$20. B.$30. C. $40.15. When will the new bill be sent out? A. Later today. B. The day after tomorrow. C. Two weeks later.16. What does the woman promise to do for the man?A. Charge according to the o
8、ld plan.B. Give an extension on this months bill.C. Check the account history as soon as possible.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. On which deck can passengers find a restaurant?A. A Deck. B. B Deck. C. C Deck.18. Where can passengers buy film tickets?A. At reception. B. At the cinema entrance. C. At the booki
9、ng office.19. How can a passenger get into his cabin?A. By his ship ticket. B. By his key. C. By his boarding pass.20. What does the speaker suggest passengers do?A. Play electronic games on A Deck.B. Breathe some fresh air on the viewing deck.C. Wear warm clothes in the open air.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分
10、）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答卡上将该选项涂黑。AFor some Americans summertime means visiting the beaches or national parks. For others, it means attending baseball games. And for many, it means cooking, eating, and generally enjoying American barbecue. Barbecue, or BBQ for s
11、hort, is a style of cooking meat at a low temperature for a long time.But not all American barbecue is the same. Mike Sargent recently drove almost 2,500 kilometers from Texas to Washington, D. C., to compete in the National Capital Barbecue Battle. As a Texan, Sargent says his home state makes the
12、best barbecue. But he adds, “The style of barbecue going across the nation is just totally different. And its interesting to see, you know, because its the culture on what people were raised on.”Texas is part of Americas so-called “Barbecue Belt.” The area stretches from Texas to the East Coast. Man
13、y people divide it into four main styles of American barbecue: Carolina-style, Memphis style, Kansas City-style and Texas-style. Each is named after the state or city where the style was formed.But American barbecue is not actually that straightforward. Robert F Moss is a barbecue expert and histori
14、an. He wrote the book Barbecue. Moss says American barbecue is much more than just the four main styles. He says many areas within the Barbecue Belt have their own styles and flavors. The state of Alabama, for example, has its own special white-colored barbecue sauce. And California, a state far fro
15、m the Barbecue Belt, has its own barbecue style called Santa Maria.David Robbins is with Old Town Smokers, a restaurant in Alexandria, Virginia. He says that, for people who come from places where barbecue is popular, there is a lot of regional (地域的) pride. “Usually not because its the favorite tast
16、e, its because its the thing they grew up with.”1. Mike Sargent thinks the difference in barbecue style is interesting because_.A. it explains why Texas has the best barbecueB. it makes the barbecue battle more excitingC. it adds color and fun to summertimeD. it reflects different local food culture
17、s2. What is the main idea of paragraph 4?A. There is great diversity in American barbecue style.B. The concept of “Barbecue Belt” is totally wrong.C. Robert F. Moss is an expert on American barbecue.D. The best barbecue is outside the “Barbecue Belt”.3. What does David Robbins suggest by mentioning
18、“regional pride” in paragraph 5?A. Grown-ups tend to take more pride in the local barbecue.B. What matters most about barbecue is usually how it tastes.C. Barbecue carries peoples love for their hometown.D. It would be a shame if one had to grow up without barbecue.【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要
19、介绍了美国多样的烧烤风格，不同的烧烤风格代表着不同地域的饮食文化，承载着人们对家乡的热爱。1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Mike Sargent 的话“The style of barbecue going across the nation is just totally different. And its interesting to see, you know, because its the culture on what people were raised on.”（全国各地的烧烤风格完全不同。看到这种情况是有趣的，你知道，这是因为人们成长的文化不同。）可知，全国各地的烧烤风
20、格不同，是因为每个地方的文化不同。由此可知，Mike Sargent认为烧烤风格的差异很有趣，是因为它反映了不同的地方的饮食文化。故选D项。【2题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段关键句“But American barbecue is not actually that straightforward.”（但美国烤肉其实没那么简单。）和“Moss says American barbecue is much more than just the four main styles.”（Moss说，美国烧烤不仅仅是四种主要风格。）可知，本段在介绍美国烧烤风格多样化，后文又列举了“white-color
21、ed barbecue sauce”和“Santa Maria”这两种不同风格的美国烧烤。“There is great diversity in American barbecue style.”意为“美国烧烤的风格非常多样。”能够概括段落大意。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段关键句“He says that, for people who come from places where barbecue is popular, there is a lot of regional (地域的) pride. “Usually not because its the favorite
22、 taste, its because its the thing they grew up with.”（他说，对于那些来自烧烤受欢迎的地方的人来说，有很多地域的自豪感。“通常不是因为这是他们最喜欢的口味，而是因为这是伴随着他们长大的东西。”）可知，人们的地域自豪感并不是因为烧烤的口味，而是因为这种味道伴随着他们长大，是他们当地的饮食文化。由此可推断出，David Robbins在第5段提到“地域自豪感”表明烧烤承载着人们对家乡的热爱，因为那是家乡特有的饮食文化，是伴随他们成长的东西。故选C项。BIf you think that running marathons will help yo
23、u live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do not exercise at all. Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The de
24、ath rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three ti
25、mes a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries (动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries.Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If you
26、r goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is just unnecessary, and it may be harmful.”The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and brisk walking may be bet
27、ter for us than “iron man” events, triathlons and long distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “You dont actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldnt actually do too much.”4. The underlin
28、ed word “strenuous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_”A. hardB. regularC. practicalD. flexible5. Whats the authors purpose by presenting some figures in Paragraph 2?A. To suggest giving up joggingB. To show risks of doing sportsC. To provide supportive evidenceD. To introduce the research p
29、rocess6. What can be inferred from the text?A. Jogging is the best exercise.B. More exercise means a healthier life.C. Marathons runners are least likely to die.D. Proper exercise contributes to good health.【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出如果你认为跑马拉松会帮助你生活得健康长寿，新的研究可能会让你震惊，根据最近的一项科学研究，做一个非常艰苦的锻炼的人死
30、亡的可能性是大于不锻炼的人。本文以此展开，主要介绍了运动对身体的影响。【4题详解】词句猜测题。第一段“If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock”可知，人们一般认为马拉松会帮助我们过上健康长寿的生活，但新的研究结果不是这样。那些从事的strenuous workout人和根本不做运动的人死亡可能性一样。可以推测“running marathons”是属于“strenuous 运动”。再根据第二段“because s
31、trenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries”可推测，strenuous exercise是指剧烈运动。 strenuous意为“高强度的，剧烈的，强烈的”。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who
32、jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the s
33、ame rate as non-joggers.”可知，丹麦科学家对1000多名慢跑者和非慢跑者进行了12年的研究。样本组的死亡率表明，每周慢跑两到三次，总共不到两个半小时的人最不可能死亡。慢跑的最佳速度是每小时5英里。研究表明，每周慢跑三次以上或以超过7英里/小时的更高速度慢跑的人与非慢跑者的死亡率相同。故判断出，作者在第2段中提出了一些数字目的是为“根据最近的一项科学研究，做剧烈运动的人和根本不运动的人一样有可能死亡”提供有力的证据。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve lif
34、e expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is just unnecessary, and it may be harmful.(如果你的目标是降低死亡风险和提高预期寿命，每周以适度的速度慢跑几次是一个很好的策略。再多做就不必要了，而且可能有害。)”可知，做运动过多或过少都对身体有害，只有做适量的运动才对身体有益，故选D。CA work of art created by artificial intelligence (AI) has been s
35、old by a major art seller for the first time. The print sold for an unexpectedly large amount of $432, 500. The artwork was bought during an auction (拍卖) Thursday at Christies, an art house, in New York City. Officials had predicted it would sell for between $7, 000 and $10, 000.In a website post, C
36、hristies said the AI-created work was the first ever sold by a major auction house. It praised the sale as a signal of “the arrival of AI art on the world auction stage.”The artwork, called “Portrait (肖像) of Edmond Belamy,” was made by a machine learning algorithm (算法). The AI system was created by
37、members of an art group called Obvious in Paris, France. It shows the portrait of a man, looking similar to subjects shown in historical paintings. Christies described some differences of the AI-created work compared to other art it sells. For example, it said some parts of the face were not as clea
38、rly drawn as those painted by artists. Also some parts of the print were left empty. However, Christies sale organizer Richard Lloyd said the piece was very similar to many others sold over many years.Three creators from the art group Obvious cooperated on the process that made the print. First they
39、 put a collection of 15,000 portraits into a machine learning system. The portraits were painted by artists from the time period between the 14th and 20th centuries. Then a tool called the “Generator” made a new image based on the information entered into the system. After that, another tool, called
40、 a “Discriminator”, attempted to find differences between the human-made image and the one created by the Generator. Then the image was improved. “The aim is to fool the Discriminator into thinking that the new images are real-life portraits. Then we have a result.” Obvious group member Hugo Caselle
41、s-dupre said in a statement.7. It can be inferred from the text that_.A. the AI portrait received much recognitionB. there is little true artistic value in AI artworkC. technology will one day replace human artistsD. there is no similar AI system for art at present8. What does the underlined word “s
42、ubjects” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Artists.B. MachinesC. FiguresD. Techniques.9. What is the final purpose of a “Discriminator” ?A. To select useful information from real-life portraits.B. To help the portrait more like a human-made one.C. To put human portraits into the machine learning system.D.
43、To create a portrait based on paintings by human artists10. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. The Secret of AIB. AI Portrait SoldC. Artwork and AID. AI Art at Christies【答案】7. A 8. C 9. B 10. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要阐述了一件由人工智能创作的艺术品首次被一家大型艺术品卖家售出，人工智能画像得到了人们广泛的认可，并介绍了人工智能艺术品的创造过程和与人造艺术品之间的区别。【7题详
44、解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“In a website post, Christies said the AI-created work was the first ever sold by a major auction house. It praised the sale as a signal of “the arrival of AI art on the world auction stage.”（佳士得在一个网站上发表文章说，这个人工智能创作的作品是有史以来第一个被大型拍卖行拍卖的作品。它称赞这次拍卖是“人工智能艺术进入世界拍卖舞台”的信号）可知，人工智能创作的作品可以在大型
45、拍卖行拍卖，且结合第一段内容“The print sold for an unexpectedly large amount of $432, 500.”（这幅印刷品的售价出人意料地高达432500美元。）可知，它卖出了不错的价钱，由此可推断出，人工智能画像得到了人们广泛的认可。故选A项。【8题详解】词句猜测题。划线词所在句“It shows the portrait of a man, looking similar to subjects shown in historical paintings.”意为“它展示的是一个人的肖像，看起来与历史绘画中的_相似。”根据句中“the portra
46、it of a man”和“looking similar to”可知，句中指的是人物的肖像，由此可推断出，应该是与历史绘画中的“人物”相似，“Figures”意为“人物”，符合句意。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句“After that, another tool, called a “Discriminator”, attempted to find differences between the human-made image and the one created by the Generator. Then the image was improved.”（
47、在那之后，另一个叫做“鉴别器”的工具试图找出人造图像和生成器创建的图像之间的差异。然后图像得到了改善。）可知，鉴别器是用来找出人造图像和生成器创建的图像之间的差异，然后对生成器创建的图像进行改善，让它更像人造图像。由此可推断出，鉴别器的最终目的是使生成器创建的肖像画更像一幅人造的肖像画。故选B项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容及第一段关键句“A work of art created by artificial intelligence (AI) has been sold by a major art seller for the first time.”（一件由人工智能创作的艺术品
48、首次被一家大型艺术品卖家售出。）可知，本文主要讲的是一件由人工智能创作的艺术品首次被一家大型艺术品卖家售出，人工智能画像得到了人们广泛的认可，并讲述了人工智能艺术品的创造过程和与人造艺术品之间的区别。“AI Portrait Sold”意为“AI肖像出售”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Long before the Internet, and even before the telephone, people relied on pen and paper to c
49、ommunicate. Its a lot different from writing an email because when you make a mistake, you cannot “backspace” your errors away. _11_Letter writing has been a key means of communication for people throughout history._12_ Famous names like Christopher Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci graced my history te
50、xtbooks growing up, with stories of their explorations. Much of what we know about them is through the letters they wrote to people back in Europe.There were two main reasons why these early explorers wrote letters._13_ The other reason for writing letters was to assure and update the people who fin
51、anced their trips. These so-called sponsors were often noblemen or wealthy people who had a personal interest in world discoveries. Letters from explorers would raise hopes that new lands could bring more riches.When the British began building colonies (殖民地) in America during the 17th century, these
52、 lands were settled by people who sailed across the Atlantic Ocean._14_ Their letters were mixed with news of illness as well as details of their exotic (异国的) surroundings._15_ With the widespread use of the Internet, the tiny differences of a persons handwriting are lost to the cold, typewritten te
53、xt that comes with an email. A persons unique signature is reserved for signing a receipt for a credit card payment.A. Letter writing is just how you travel around the world.B. You simply cross out your mistakes with your pen and continue writing.C. The early settlers faced a lot of challenges in th
54、e unfamiliar environment.D. One was a boy from England who liked the same music as me: rock and roll.E. Four hundred years later, however, we dont really need to write letters anymore.F. It played a vital part in the exploration of the New World”, as America was once known.G. One was to document for
55、 the people back home what they saw as they journeyed through the faraway, mysterious land.【答案】11. B 12. F 13. G 14. C 15. E【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了书信在人类历史中的重要作用，分析了人类写信的原因以及现在书信的变化趋势。【11题详解】上一句“Its a lot different from writing an email because when you make a mistake, you cannot “backspace” your errors
56、 away.(它和写电子邮件很不一样，因为当你犯了错误，你不能退格删除你的错误。)”提到：写信和写电子邮件不同，写信时，如果你写错了，你不能像写电子邮件时回车删掉你写错的内容。此处讲述写信如何出现错误，承接该句，B选项中的“cross out your mistakes”一致，因此推断B项：你只是用笔把错误划掉，接着写。符合语境，故选B。【12题详解】上一句“Letter writing has been a key means of communication for people throughout history.(纵观历史，写信一直是人们交流的重要手段。)”提到：书信在人类历史中一直
57、是一种非常重要的交流方式。下文以历史上的“Christopher Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci”为例。该空承上启下，F选项：书信在探索“新世界”的过程中起着重要作用。符合语境，故选F。【13题详解】上一句“There were two main reasons why these early explorers wrote letters(这些早期的探险家写信有两个主要原因)”提到，早期的探索者们写信的两个主要原因。下一句“The other reason”提到的是另一个原因。故该空应提到其中一个原因。G选项中的“One”相符。故选G。【14题详解】上一句“Whe
58、n the British began building colonies (殖民地) in America during the 17th century, these lands were settled by people who sailed across the Atlantic Ocean.( 当英在17世纪期间在美国开始建造殖民地时，这些土地是由横渡大西洋居住的。)”提到：当英国政府开始在美洲建立殖民地的时候，那些跨国大西洋的殖民者们在这些殖民地定居下来。下一句提到这些殖民者的信件内容。故承上启下，C选项中的“The early settlers”与上文相符，因此推断C项：这些早
59、期的殖民者们在不熟悉的环境中面临着很多挑战，符合语境，故选C。【15题详解】上文介绍的是书信在人类历史中的重要作用。下一句“With the widespread use of the Internet, the tiny differences of a persons handwriting are lost to the cold, typewritten text that comes with an email.( 随着互联网的广泛使用，一个人的笔迹的细微差别都消失在电子邮件中冷冰冰的打字文本中。)”提到：随着网络的广泛应用，书信逐渐被电子邮件等取代。E选项中的“dont reall
60、y need to write letters anymore（不再需要写信了）”，与上文相符。故选E。【点睛】七选五解题技巧：线索法解答一道题目，首先考虑线索法，这是最简单、最好用方法。尤其是英语基础差的同学，用好线索法，在读不懂句子的情况下，也有很大的几率做对题目。线索法，就是在空格前后圈定线索词，然后在选项中查找该线索词的原词或同反义词复现。线索词主要包括代词、名词（尤其是时间、地点、名称等专有名词）、数词、动词等。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20个小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白
61、处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Education is very close in my heart. My father grew up in a very small village in China. In those days, not many villagers could read. So my father _16_ a night school to teach them how to read. With his help, many people learned to _17_ their own names; with his help, many people
62、 learned to read newspapers for the first time; with his help, many women were able to _18_ their children how to read. As his daughter, I know what _19_ means to the people, especially those without it.After generations of hard work, China _20_ a long way in education. I myself _21_ that progress.
63、Otherwise, I would never become a famous singer and a professor of music. I am following my fathers _22_ to help continue Chinas success story. I am truly_23_ to work with the UN and do something about Global Education. I have visited many schools around the world. Ive seen first-hand how much we ca
64、n do for education.Education is about women and girls. It is important for girls to go to school because they will become their childrens _24_ teacher someday. But women still _25_ over half of the worlds poor in population and 60% of adults who cant read. Education is of extreme importance in _26_
65、such inequalities. Education is about equality. In poor countries and regions the number of school dropouts is _27_. We call for more educational _28_ to these places. Education is about the young people. Young people are the future. Education is important because it not only gives young people _29_
66、 and skills but also helps them become _30_ citizens.As the UNESCO special envoy (特使) and the mother myself, my _31_ to education for all will never change. Many years ago my father made a small difference in his village. _32_, we can make a big difference in the world.I was once asked about my Chin
67、ese _33_. I said I hope all children especially girls can have access to good education. I _34_ one day education first will no longer be a dream but a reality _35_ by every young woman on this planet.16. A. rebuiltB. foundC. attendedD. opened17. A. rememberB. pronounceC. writeD. confirm18. A. teach
68、B. informC. convinceD. enquire19. A. educationB. contributionC. devotionD. civilization20. A. has foundB. has comeC. has walkedD. has taken21. A. contribute toB. approve ofC. benefit fromD. pass down22. A. routineB. fashionC. suggestionsD. footsteps23. A. determinedB. confidentC. honoredD. fortunate
69、24. A. firstB. unforgettableC. impressiveD. patient25. A. care forB. account forC. stand forD. allow for26. A. acceptingB. toleratingC. handlingD. evaluating27. A. controversialB. ambiguousC. accurateD. astonishing28. A. resourcesB. experiencesC. qualificationsD. materials29. A. permissionB. strengt
70、hC. wealthD. knowledge30. A. independentB. responsibleC. intelligentD. capable31. A. responseB. commitmentC. reactionD. attention32. A. TogetherB. MeanwhileC. ThereforeD. Moreover33. A. expectationB. visionC. dreamD. ambition34. A. promiseB. believeC. assumeD. sense35. A. desiredB. realizedC. facedD
71、. enjoyed【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的父亲在一个小村子里教人们读书，受到父亲的影响，作者长大后也决定为教育做些什么。作为联合国教科文组织的特使，作者去了世界各地的许多学校，呼吁人们为贫困国家和地区提供更多的教育资源并重视教育不平等的问题。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我父亲开办了一所夜校教他们读书。A. rebuilt重
72、建；B. found发现；C. attended出席，参加；D. opened开办，开设。根据句中“to teach them how to read”可知，为了教他们读书，父亲应该是“开办”了一所夜校，“open a school”意为“开办一所学校”，符合句意。故选D项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的帮助下，许多人学会了写自己的名字。A. remember记住；B. pronounce发音；C. write书写；D. confirm证实。根据句中“to teach them how to read”可知，父亲在教他们读书，之所以不能阅读，是因为不认字，由此可推断出，在父亲的帮
73、助下，他们会写字了，所以应该是学会了“写”自己的名字。故选C项。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的帮助下，许多妇女能够教她们的孩子如何阅读。A. teach教；B. inform通知；C. convince使确信；D. enquire询问。根据上文可知，许多大人学会了读书和写字，由此可推断出，许多学会读书的妇女能够“教”她们的孩子如何阅读。故选A项。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为他的女儿，我知道教育对人们，特别是那些没有接受教育的人意味着什么。A. education教育；B. contribution贡献；C. devotion奉献；D. civilization文明。
74、根据文章第一段第一句“Education is very close in my heart.”可知，本文主要讨论的是教育的问题，包括文章谈到的父亲对人们的帮助，也是关于教育的。由此可推断出，句中指的是我知道“教育”对人们意味着什么。故选A项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几代人的努力，中国在教育方面取得了很大进步。A. has found找到；B. has come来；C. has walked走，行走；D. has taken拿走。根据句中“After generations of hard work”可知，在几代人的努力下，中国在教育方面应该是取得了进步，“come a lo
75、ng way”意为“取得很大进步”，为固定搭配。故选B项。【21题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我自己也从中受益。A. contribute to为做出贡献；B. approve of赞成，赞同；C. benefit from从获益；D. pass down把一代传一代，使流传。根据后文“Otherwise, I would never become a famous singer and a professor of music.”可知，要是没有接受教育，作者永远不会成为一个著名的歌唱家和音乐教授。由此可推断，作者也从中国教育的进步中受益了。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意
76、：我将追随我父亲的脚步，去帮助延续中国的成功故事。A. routine常规；B. fashion时尚；C. suggestions建议；D. footsteps脚步，足迹。根据后文“work with the UN and do something about Global Education”可知，作者与联合国合作，为全球教育做些事情，由此可推断出，作者像父亲一样，为教育努力，所以应该是追随父亲的脚步。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很荣幸能与联合国合作，为全球教育做点什么。A. determined坚决的；B. confident自信的；C. honored荣幸的；D.
77、 fortunate幸运的。根据上文可知，作者也想和父亲一样为教育事业做出努力，由此可推断出，能和联合国合作并为全球教育做点什么是让作者感到荣幸的。故选C项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩上学很重要，因为总有一天她们会成为她们的孩子的第一位老师。A. first第一的，最初的；B. unforgettable令人难忘的；C. impressive使人印象深刻的；D. patient耐心的。根据常识可知，女孩长大后会成为孩子的母亲，而作为家长，母亲是孩子的“第一位”老师，教会孩子很多东西。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但妇女仍然占世界贫困人口的一半以上，占不识
78、字的成年人的60%。A. care for照顾；B. account for（数量或比例上）占；C. stand for代表；D. allow for考虑到。根据后文“over half of the worlds poor in population”可知，句中表示的是妇女“占”世界贫困人口数量的一半以上，account for意为“（数量或比例上）占”。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：教育在处理这种不平等方面极为重要。A. accepting接受；B. tolerating容忍；C. handling处理；D. evaluating评估。根据后文“Education is
79、about equality.”可知，教育是平等的，由此可推断出，教育是“处理”上文提到的不平等问题的。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在贫困国家和地区，辍学人数惊人。A. controversial有争议的；B. ambiguous模棱两可的；C. accurate精确的；D. astonishing惊人的。根据后文“We call for more educational _ to these places.”可知，贫困国家和地区需要更多的教育资源，由此可推断出这些地方的教育资源不足，导致很多人辍学，也就是说，辍学人数是惊人的。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句
80、意：我们呼吁向这些地方提供更多的教育资源。A. resources资源；B. experiences经历；C. qualifications资格；D. materials材料。句中的“these places”指上文提到的“poor countries and regions”，由此可推断出，贫困国家和地区应该是缺少教育资源，所以呼吁向这些地方提供更多的教育“资源”。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：教育很重要，因为它不仅给年轻人知识和技能，而且帮助他们成为负责任的公民。A. permission许可；B. strength力量；C. wealth财产；D. knowledge知
81、识。根据句中的“and skills”和常识可知，通过教育，人们学到的是“知识”和技能。故选D项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教育很重要，因为它不仅给年轻人知识和技能，而且帮助他们成为负责任的公民。A. independent独立的；B. responsible负责的；C. intelligent聪明的，有才智的；D. capable有能力的。根据句中的“citizens”和上文提到的“Young people are the future.”可知，年轻人是国家的未来，因此可推断出教育是使年轻人成为对国家“负责任的”公民，能够为国家未来的发展而努力。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词
82、词义辨析。句意：作为联合国教科文组织的特使和一位母亲，我对全民教育的承诺永远不会改变。A. response答复；B. commitment承诺；C. reaction反应；D. attention注意。上文提到作者将追随父亲的脚步，继续为教育做贡献，由此可推断出，作者是对全民教育做出了“承诺”。故选B项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们一起努力，就能对世界产生很大的影响。A. Together一起；B. Meanwhile同时；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover此外。根据上文“my father made a small difference in his vil
83、lage”可知，父亲的努力给村子里带来了小的影响，再结合空格所在句的“we can make a big difference in the world”可知，这里的we代指所有为教育事业努力的人，由此可推断出，是我们“一起”努力，就能对世界产生很大的影响。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经被问到过关于我的中国梦。A. expectation期待；B. vision视力，视野；C. dream梦，梦想；D. ambition雄心，志向。根据后文“I hope all children especially girls can have access to good educ
84、ation”可知，作者希望所有的孩子，特别是女孩都能接受良好的教育，由此可推断出，这应该是作者的梦想，“Chinese dream”意为“中国梦”。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信有一天，教育为先将不再是一个梦想，而是这个星球上每个年轻女性都会享受的现实。A. promise承诺；B. believe相信；C. assume假设；D. sense意识到，感觉到。根据上文可知，希望所有的孩子都能接受良好的教育是作者的梦想，由此可推断出，这里指作者“相信”这个梦想会成为现实。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信有一天，教育为先将不再是一个梦想，而是这个星球上
85、每个年轻女性都会享有的现实。A. desired渴望；B. realized意识到；C. faced面对；D. enjoyed享受，享有。句中“a reality”代指上文提到的教育为先成为现实，由此可推断出，这里指每个年轻女性都有机会“享有”教育。故选D项。第二节： 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Why men wolf down their meals _36_women take their time? Many a woman has watched in disbelief as their part
86、ners eat their food minutes after sitting down to dinner. Now Korean researchers have discovered why: men and women _37_(actual) chew differently. Women chew each individual mouthful more times taking longer to finish _38_(eat) their meal.The researchers hired 24 males and 24 females in South Korea.
87、 They recorded the size of peoples bites, total chewing time per mouthful of food, total number of chews and how long _39_took the person to eat the entire meal. Men typically take _40_(large) bites with more “chewing power”, _41_means they consume their meal more quickly than women.Though women wer
88、e watched _42_(have) the same chewing pace as men, they chewed each mouthful more times, slowing down the total time it took them to eat their meal.The study _43_(publish) in the January issue of the Physiology and Behaviour Journal. But it flies in the face of an earlier result studied _44_research
89、ers at Nippon Dental University in Tokyo, Japan, which found no _45_(different) in how the sexes chewed gum.【答案】36. while 37. actually 38. eating 39. it 40. larger 41. which 42. to have/having 43. was published 44. by 45. difference【解析】本文是说明文。为何男人狼吞虎咽而女人却细嚼慢咽？文章讲述了一项研究说明了原因：实际上男人和女人的咀嚼方式不同，女人的每一口咀嚼次
90、数更多。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：为何男人狼吞虎咽而女人却细嚼慢咽？根据句意，这里用while表示前后句的对比关系。故填while。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：事实上男性和女性咀嚼的方式不同。修饰动词chew用副词作状语，故填actually。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：女性每一口食物咀嚼的次数更多，因此也就需要更长的时间才能把东西吃完。动词finish后接动名词做宾语，故填eating。【39题详解】考查代词。句意：他们记录下了受试者每一口的食量大小、每一口饭咀嚼的时间总长、咀嚼的总次数和吃完整顿饭所要花的时间。这里用代词it作为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to eat
91、the entire meal。故填it。【40题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：男性通常每一口吃得更多，嚼得也更有力。根据句意和下文的more “chewing power”可知，这里也要用比较级，故填larger。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：男性通常每一口吃得更多，嚼得也更有力，这就意味着他们吃饭吃得更快。空格处引导定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，从句中作主语用关系代词which，引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管女性被看到咀嚼的速度和男性一样，但是女性每一口饭的咀嚼次数更多，所以她们吃饭就吃得更慢。watch sb do/doing的被动式s
92、b be watched to do(doing)，用现在分词表示正在进行的动作，用不定式表示动作的全过程 ，根据句意，现在分词或不定式都正确，故填to have/having。【43题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这项研究刊登在一月份的生理学与行为期刊上。根据句意可知，study和publish是被动关系，用被动语态，且根据“in the January issue of the Physiology and Behaviour Journal”可知，描述过去发生的动作用一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数，故填was published。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：这项研究公然挑战了之前来自东
93、京的日本牙科大学研究人员得出的结论。这里表示“被”用介词by，studied by researchers at Nippon Dental University in Tokyo（被东京的日本牙科大学研究人员做的研究）。故填by。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：后者发现男女咀嚼口香糖的方式并无不同。前面有形容词no，故这里用名词difference。故填difference。第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）46. 假如你是李华，得知美国好友Eric已成功申请耶鲁大学（Yale University），现请你用英文给他写封电子邮件向他表示祝贺，内容要点包括：1
94、.成功的祝贺；2.努力的肯定；3.未来的祝愿。注意：1、词数80左右；2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】One possible version:Dear Eric,Learning that you have been admitted to Yale University, Im writing to extend my heartfelt congratulations.Undeniably, opportunities favor those who are well prepared. In the past three years, youve been explorin
95、g, accumulating and progressing steadily in your study. Now your efforts have paid off. Youve made it to your ideal university. And I am sure, at Yale University where more chances will be available for you to exhibit your competence, you will make even more remarkable achievements.Congratulations a
96、gain and best wishes for your bright future.YoursLi Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国好友Eric写一封电子邮件，祝贺他成功申请了耶鲁大学。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般将来时和现在完成时,少量现在完成进行时和一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 对他的成功表示祝贺；2. 对他的努力表示肯定;3. 对他的未来表示祝愿。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）be admitted to; pay off; be available
97、 for sb. to do sth.; make even more achievements; best wishes for第三步：连词成句1. Learning that you have been admitted to Yale University, Im writing to extend my heartfelt congratulations.2. Undeniably, opportunities favor those who are well prepared.3. In the past three years, youve been exploring, accu
98、mulating and progressing steadily in your study.4. Youve made it to your ideal university.5. Congratulations again and best wishes for your bright future.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）本文主要使用了表并列补充关系的衔接词：and连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1. Undeniably, opportunities favor t
99、hose who are well prepared. （由关系代词who引导的定语从句）高分句型2. And I am sure, at Yale University where more chances will be available for you to exhibit your competence, you will make even more remarkable achievements. （由关系副词where引导的定语从句）第二节：概要写作（满分25分）47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要From the health point of view
100、, we are living in a wonderful age, immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases and freed from the once deadly illnesses thanks to modern drugs and surgery. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater, every day we witness the unbelievable killings of m
101、en, women and children on the roads. It is a never-ending battle which man is losing against the car. Thousands of people the world over are killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen. It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car be
102、comes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the car often brings out a mans very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a wheel. All their hidden frustrations and disappointments seem to be brought to the surface
103、by the act of driving.The surprising thing is that society smiles gently on the driver and seems to forgive his behavior. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable（不宜居住的）because of heavy traffic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside i
104、s ruined by road networks; and the mass annual deaths becomes nothing but a number, to be conveniently forgotten.It is high time rules were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized
105、and made far more difficult than it is; all vehicles should be put through strict tests for safety; present drinking and driving laws should be made much stricter; maximum and minimum speed limits should be required on all roads. These measures may sound strict. But surely nothing should be consider
106、ed as too severe if it results in reducing the annual loss of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not cars._【答案】One possible version:Despite the fact that we are now living a healthy life, we should in no case ignore car accidents which kill a shockingly large number of people annu
107、ally. The reasons for the tragedies are drivers disrespect for human life and societys tolerance for their selfish behavior. To try to avoid such a meaningless waste of human life, severe measures concerning drivers, vehicles and traffic laws and rules should be taken immediately.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。由机
108、动车带来的事故给社会带来了巨大的伤亡和伤害，文章认为导致这一悲剧的原因是车辆驾驶员对生命的不尊重以及社会对司机的容忍。最后给出了一系列严格的建议措施。【详解】1.要点摘录.From the health point of view, we are living in a wonderful age。.Thousands of people the world over are killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.It has been rightly said that when a ma
109、n is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality.The surprising thing is that society smiles gently on the driver and seems to forgive his behavior.It is high time rules were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life.The driving test should be standar
110、dized and made far more difficult than it is;.All vehicles should be put through strict tests for safety;.Present drinking and driving laws should be made much stricter;.Maximum and minimum speed limits should be required on all roads.2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组；将第3、4两个要点进行整合重组；将第5、6、7、8、9五个要点进行整合重组。3.遣词造句
111、Despite the fact that we are now living a healthy life, we should in no case ignore car accidents which kill a shockingly large number of people annually. The reasons for the tragedies are drivers disrespect for human life and societys tolerance for their selfish behavior. To try to avoid such a mea
112、ningless waste of human life, severe measures concerning drivers, vehicles and traffic laws and rules should be taken immediately.【点睛】高分句型1： Despite the fact that we are now living a healthy life, we should in no case ignore car accidents which kill a shockingly large number of people annually. 运用一个
113、复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段进行了概括。that引导的同位语从句概括了第一句的内容，which引导的定语从句概括了第二、三句的内容。主句“we should in no case ignore car accidents”则对最后一句的观点进行合理转化。高分句型2：To try to avoid such a meaningless waste of human life, severe measures concerning drivers, vehicles and traffic laws and rules should be taken immediately.一个复杂的简单句概括了原文最后一段的所有内容。首先，用不定式作目的状语概括了第一句的内容；其次，用现在分词结构“concerning drivers, vehicles and traffic laws and rules”作后置定语修饰“severe measures”概括了本段剩余的全部内容。25
