1、阅读理解 (2014合肥模拟)In the quest for better health, many people turn to doctors, self-help books or herbal supplements. But they overlook a powerful weapon that could help them fight illness and depression, speed recovery, slow aging and prolong life: their friends. Researchers are only now starting to p
2、ay attention to the importance of friendship and social networks in overall health. A 10-year Australian study found that older people with a large circle of friends were 22 percent less likely to die during the study period than those with fewer friends. A large 2007 study showed an increase of nea
3、rly 60 percent in the risk for obesity among people whose friends gained weight. And last year, Harvard researchers reported that strong social ties could promote brain health as we age. “In general, the role of friendship in our lives isnt well appreciated, ”said Rebecca G. Adams, a professor of so
4、ciology at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. “There are a lot of things on families and marriage, but very little on friendship. It baffles me. Friendship has a bigger impact on our psychological well-being than family relationships. ”Bella DePaulo, a visiting psychology professor at the
5、 University of California, Santa Barbara, whose work focuses on single people and friendships, notes that in many studies, friendship has an even greater effect on health than a spouse or a family member. It isnt entirely clear why friendship has such a big effect. It may be because people with stro
6、ng social ties also have better access to health services and care. Beyond that, however, friendship clearly has a profound psychological effect. People with strong friendships are less likely than others to get colds, perhaps because they have lower stress levels. Last year, researchers studied 34
7、students at the University of Virginia, taking them to the base of a steep hill and fitting them with a weighted backpack. They were then asked to estimate the steepness of the hill. Some participants stood next to friends during the exercise, while others were alone. The students who stood with fri
8、ends gave lower estimates of the steepness of the hill. And the longer the friends had known each other, the less steep the hill appeared. “People with stronger friendship networks feel like there is someone they can turn to, ”said Karen A. Roberto, director of the center for gerontology(老年医学)at Vir
9、ginia Tech. “Friendship is an undervalued resource. The consistent message of these studies is that friends make your life better. ”【文章大意】如何保持身心健康? 相信每个人对此都很感兴趣并能给出自己的答案。本文作者向我们介绍了一个有利于身心健康的, 很重要又长期被人们忽视的因素友谊。1. Whats the main idea of the passage? A. People should make friends as many as possible. B
10、. Friendships do great good to human health. C. People with friends have an optimistic attitude. D. Several studies have been done on friendships. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章通过几个研究结果说明友谊在促进人类身心健康方面作用巨大。2. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. People havent attached importance to friendships. B. A friend
11、 can replace doctors and self-help books. C. People with many friends may have higher stress levels. D. People who have friends tend to be fat. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。从文章第三段可知, 人们尚未认识到友谊对人们身心健康的重要性。其他选项均与原文信息不符。3. The author mentioned the study in the last three paragraphs to indicate that. A. students should
12、 climb the steep hill with friendsB. it takes a long time to make friendsC. a friend in need is a friend indeedD. people accompanied by friends remain optimistic in the face of difficulty【解析】选D。推理判断题。倒数第二段中“The students who stood with friends gave lower estimates of the steepness of the hill. ”表明与朋友
13、在一起的学生估计出来的坡度更小, 这意味着他们面对困难能保持相对乐观的心态。4. In Paragraph 2 the author aims to tell us. A. friendship has a strong physical effect on peoples healthB. we cannot be too careful when making friendsC. older people are likely to have fewer friendsD. 60 percent of the people without friends will become fat w
14、hen they get old【解析】选A。段落大意题。根据本段开头(主题句)可知答案。而且主题句后的三个研究结论都与“友谊影响身体健康”有关。阅读理解。 There were smiling children all the way. Charily they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed
15、towards Penang. Often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. This is the simple village people of Malaysia. I was moved.I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time I was on a train. I di
16、d not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. I looked about the train. There was not one familiar face. I sighed and sat down to read my Economics. It was not long before the train was across the Causeway and in Malaysia. Johore Baru wa
17、s just another city like Singapore, so I was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. As we went beyond the city, I watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. Then the first village came into sight, Immediately I came alive; I decided to wave back.
18、From then on my journey became interesting. I threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in Malaysian life. Then everything came alive. The mountains seemed to speak to me. Even the trees were smiling. I stared at everything as if I was looking at it for the first time. The day pas
19、sed fast and I even forgot to have my lunch until I felt hungry. I looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00 pm. Soon the train pulled up at Butterworth. I looked at the people all around me. They all looked beautiful. When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to giv
20、e him a warm hug (拥抱). I had never done this before. He seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile. We walked arm in arm to his car. I looked forward to the return journey.16. The author had thought the train trip was _ at the beginning A. adventurous B. pleasant C
21、. exciting D. dull17. What did the author remember most fondly of her train trip?A. The friendly country people.B. The mountains along the way.C. The crowds of people in the streets.D. The simple lunch served on the train.18. Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish”
22、in the second paragraph? A. choose B. enjoy C. prepare for D. carry on19. Where was the writer going? A. Johore Baru. B. The Causeway. C. Butterworth. D. Singapore.20. What can we learn from the story? A. Comfort in traveling by train. B. Pleasure of living in the country. C. Reading gives people de
23、light. D. Smiles brighten people up.【参考答案】D篇： DABCD阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A One man tells of driving on a long and lonely road, the last 65 miles of it unpaved, in order to watch Indian dances in the state of Arizona. After the dances, he returned to his car only to find that it h
24、ad a flat tire. He put on the spare and drove to the only service station in that town.“Do you fix flats?” he inquired of the attendant.“Yes,” came the answer.“How much do you charge?” he asked. With a twinkle in his eye, the man replied, “What difference does it make?” This is what has been called
25、a “Hobsons choice”. A Hobsons choice is a situation that forces a person to accept whatever is offered or go without. According to Barbara Berliner, the phrase was inspired by sixteenth-century entrepreneur (企业家) Thomas Hobson. There was no choice by the customer it was strictly Hobsons choice. But
26、often we really have a choice, and the choice does make a difference. We may not always believe it. We may feel as if we have no choice, but almost always there is a choice in the matter. And when we realize that we do most things by choice, then we are taking control of our own lives. Someone chall
27、enged me to try an experiment that completely changed my perspective. “For the next seven days,” he said, “eliminate the words I have to from your vocabulary and say I choose to. Dont say, I have to work late tonight. Instead, say, I choose to work late. When you choose to do it, you take control of
28、 your life. Instead of saying, I have to stay home, try I choose to stay home. The way you spend your time is your choice. You are responsible. You have control.” In just seven days I was no longer saying “I have to” and I felt better about my decisions. I learned that there is very little in my lif
29、e I actually have to do. You and I decide to do certain things because we believe that it will be for the best. When we eliminate “I have to” from our vocabularies, we take control. Try it for a week and you see what happens. I think youll see its a change for the better.1. What did the attendant me
30、an by saying “What difference does it make”? A. The man didnt need to pay for the work. B. It was unnecessary for the man to ask about the price. C. There was no need for the man to have the tire fixed.D. The man should keep silent.2. The author learnt from the experiment that he .A. could become mo
31、re challengingB. could spend more time relaxing himselfC. should take pleasure in helping othersD. actually changed his attitudes towards life3. What does the underlined word “eliminate” mean? A. Remember. B. Repeat. C. Remove. D. Recite.4. What is the situation where we have a “Hobsons choice”?A. W
32、e have no choice but to follow. B. We should often change our choice. C. We should make preparations before a journey. D. We should think twice before taking action.5. The purpose of writing this text is to . A. advise us to become active in life B. explain what Hobsons choice is C. tell an interest
33、ing story about the author D. accept others advice modestly【参考答案15、】BDCAA （2014新课标I）假定你是李华，计划暑假间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容） 注意：1词数100左右； 2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3参考词汇：住宿-accommodation【考点】考察应用文（书信）写作【写作指导】本文属于应用文中的书信，李华写信给英国的一个培训中心询问暑假培训的详细内容。使用第一人称和将来时为主的时态。要点：1.你计划去英国学习英语；2.看见了对方的广告，
34、引起你的注意。想询问具体信息。3.该校培训班的开始日期，班级规模，周课时，费用以及食宿方式。4.期待对方的回信。写作时要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型，在你的能力范围之内，选择句式时要赋予变化，多注意灵活使用定语从句，包括非限制性定语从句等高级句式。【一句多译】我是一名来自中国的学生，我计划在假期里到英国参加一个暑期培训班。（1）I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation.（2）As a student from China, I plan to
35、go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation.【参考范文】Dear Sir/ Madam,I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation. Ive seen your ad, and Id like to know something more about your six-week English course. First when will the course sta
36、rt and how many class hours are there per week? Besides, I wish there would not be too many students in a class. Id also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included Would there be host family or university dormitory?I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours faithfully,Li Hua
