1、birthplace n.novel n&adj.boyhood n.phrase n.author n.narrator n.bet n&vi.&vt.penniless adj.pavement n.businessman n.ahead adv.bay n.nightfall n.passage nunpaid adj.embassy n.charity n.steak n.pineapple n.dessert n.scream vi.&n.genuine adj.issue vt.&vi.fake n&adj.rag n.bow vi.&n.barber n 1(2020浙江卷)On
2、e morning I spotted a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. 看见2(2019北京卷)Im writing to give you a full account of my unforgettable experience in a farmwork programme. 描述3(2016全国卷)From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dogs sled across the c
3、ontinent.通道单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1wander vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊2envelope n信封3scene n(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色4spot vt.发现；认出n斑点；污点；地点5account vi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有n说明；理由；计算；账目6seek vt.&vi.寻找；探索；寻求7contrary n反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的8manner n礼貌；举止；方式9indeed adv.真正地；确实；实在10stare vi.凝视；盯着看11fault n过错；缺点；故障12amount n数量用所给词的适当形式填空。1At that moment
4、, they saw a young man wandering (wander) on the pavement outside their house.2It is good manners (manner) for an Arab to stand close to his friends when they are talking.3They were trying to seek (seek) a place to shelter from the rain，but they failed.4It was the heavy rain that accounted (account)
5、 for the absence of so many students.5On the way，we spotted (spot) a man holding a piece of paper that said，“Lost my job.Family to feed.”6(2019全国卷)Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts (amount) were forbidding to most citizens.派生单词语境运用1adventure n奇遇； 冒险 advent
6、urous adj.冒险的2permit vt.&vi.许可； 允许； 准许n.通行证； 许可证； 执照 permission n许可3patient adj.能忍耐的； 有耐心的 n病人，患者 patience n耐性； 忍耐 patiently adv.耐心地；有毅力地4believe v相信belief n信任；信心；信仰 believable adj.可信的unbelievable adj.难以置信的5rude adj.粗鲁的； 无礼的rudely adv.粗鲁地rudeness n粗鲁用所给词的适当形式填空。1I will come if time permits, but I sh
7、ould ask for my headmasters permission first.(permit) 2Although the patient was out of patience, the nurse was still patient with her work and did it patiently(patience)3It was rude of you to injure his pride last night, so you owe him an apology for your rudeness(rude)4Believe it or not, I hold the
8、 firm belief that he is an honest and reliable man. It was unbelievable that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends.(believe)短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出2account for是的原因；解释3a large amount of许多；大量4take a chance冒险5in rags衣衫褴褛6make a bet打赌7on the scene在现场填入一个适当的词。Mark Twain was br
9、ought up in Missouri in the middle part of the United States.When he grew up，he took a chance to work as a pilot on a river boat.Later，he decided to become a writer，which helped him make a large amount of money.Many of Mark Twains novels have been translated into other languages，which accounts for t
10、he reason why he and his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.8go ahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说9as for关于；至于10from the bottom of ones heart发自内心11find fault with 吹毛求疵；找毛病12stare at盯着看；凝视13on the contrary与此相反；正相反14by accident偶然；无意中；不小心填入一个适当的词。I got so fed up with waiting for him to do it tha
11、t I just went ahead and did it myself.As for me，it was how to do it in a short time that was of great importance.To tell the truth，I didnt like him from the bottom of my heart as he liked finding fault with people who talked with him on the spot.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1find宾语宾语补足语Well，towards nightfall I
12、 found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.当我到达美国后，我发现自己生活在一个完全陌生的文化中。After I arrived in America, I found myself living in a completely foreign culture.2had just done.when.刚做完，这时The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.她刚穿戴完毕，客人们就来了。She had just fin
13、ished dressing when her guests arrived.3主语从句： It is.that.Well，it is wellknown that Americans like to eat a lot.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。It is wellknown that China is a developing country.4whenever引导让步状语从句Indeed, sir, I hope youll come here whenever you like.无论什么时候我犯错误，老师都耐心地指出。Whenever I made mistakes, the t
14、eacher pointed them out with patience.1permit vt.&vi.许可；允许；准许 n通行证；许可证；执照高考原句天津卷Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library.(1)permitn./pron./doing允许permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事(2)permission nU许可，允许ask for permission请求许可with/without ones permission得到某人的允许/未经某人的许可a parking per
15、mit 停车许可证apply for a permit 申请许可证weather permitting 天气允许的话基础练习单句语法填空You can read the daily newspapers, magazines and other books here, but you are not permitted to take(take) them out.The visitors are reminded that we dont permit smoking(smoke) in the museum.(2018江苏卷)Its strange that he should have
16、taken the books without the owners permission(permit)链接写作完成句子/句式升级(2019全国卷)如果时间允许的话，我会参加今年的音乐节。(普通表达)If time permits, I will attend this years music festival.(条件状语从句)(高级表达)Time permitting, I will attend this years music festival.(独立主格结构)名师点津permit 既可以用于permit doing sth.，也可用于permit sb.to do sth.。有相同用
17、法的动词还有：advise，allow，forbid等。2spot vt.发现；认出 n斑点；污点；地点高考原句2020全国卷 There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look nice above his dining room table.(1)spot sb./sth.发现某人/某物spot .doing sth.发现正在做某事be spotted with散布；点缀(2)on the spot/scene当场，立即；在现场a historic spot名胜古迹a tour
18、ist spot旅游景点on the crime spot在犯罪现场be covered with spots of mud 满是泥点基础练习单句语法填空(2019天津卷)She said she spotted(spot) my wallet on a bus seat.I was waiting for my friend when I suddenly spotted a man not far from me staring(stare) at me.In addition, there are famous artists who will show on the spot how
19、to cut paper.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)The police arrived at the spot and there they found the evidence.(高级表达)The police arrived at the spot where they found the evidence(定语从句)3account vi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有 n说明；理由；计算；账目高考原句2018全国卷According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global fertil
20、izer consumption.(1)take account of./take.into account 把考虑在内on account of 因为，由于on no account 决不give an account of报告；叙述；说明(2)account for 解释；说明； (数量，比例上)占open an account 开户create an email account创建电子邮件账户give us a long account of her trip to Europe向我们详细讲述她的欧洲之行基础练习单句语法填空(2020全国卷)Lighting accounts for a
21、bout 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.The newspaper gave an accurate account of what happened the night before last.He had to leave his beloved basketball team on account of his injured legs.(2019天津卷)The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in
22、his class.链接写作词汇升级 (普通表达)I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions. Im looking forward to hearing from you soon.(高级表达)I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account/considerationIm looking forward to hearing from you soon.名师点津on no account意为“决不”，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的还有
23、：by no means, in no way, on no condition, under no circumstances, in no case, at no time等。4bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出bring about引起，导致bring back归还；带回； (事物) 使记起；恢复bring down使倒下；降低bring in吸引；引进；赚得基础练习写出下列句中bring up的含义He brought up a practical plan at the meeting, which might lower the cost of production.提出Bor
24、n into a family with three brothers，David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.教育The Smiths are praised for the way they bring up their children.养育链接写作完成句子有人担心空气污染会造成全世界气候变化。Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in the weather around the world.政府已经采取措施，以降低日常商品的高昂价格来保持市场
25、稳定。The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.5take a chance冒险高考原句2019天津卷She calculated that going to a strangers house was a risky move, but she decided to take the chance. (1)have a chance of doing/to do sth.有机会做某事(The) chances are (tha
26、t).有可能There is a chance of (doing) sth./that.可能 (2)by chance/accident偶然；碰巧基础练习单句语法填空(2019江苏卷)We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true. (2019北京卷) You may have chances to meet (meet)new people wholl become your lifelong friends.If you are a student studying the arts,
27、 chances (chance)are you have been illadvised to have a plan B.An artist who was recently travelling on a ferry to the southern island discovered by chance a longlost antique Greek vase.链接写作一句多译由于这次洪灾我们很可能无法按时完成任务。There is a chance that we cannot finish the task on time because of the flood.The chan
28、ces are that we cannot finish the task on time because of the flood.6教材佳句P18Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.嗯，傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。句法句式句中find oneself.表示“(在事先毫无知觉的情况下)突然发现自己处于某种状态”。宾语补足语常由介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、形容词或副词充当；一般不用不定式，但可用to be。(1)find宾语(2)findit形容词/名词to do发
29、现/认为做某事金句推送(2019天津卷)I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.我经常发现自己不断告诉我的妈妈开得慢一点，这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路标。基础练习单句语法填空(2020江苏卷) We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left(leave) to find. A cook w
30、ill be immediately fired if he is found smoking(smoke) in the kitchen.After wandering in the forest, we found ourselves lost (lose) in a strange path.(2019北京卷)While working in the farmyard, I found it very hard to work (work) in the fields under a hot sun.链接写作句式升级 (普通表达)He found that his daughter wa
31、s surrounded by letters and papers and she looked very worried.(高级表达)He found his daughter surrounded by letters and papers and looking very worried.(find宾语宾补)7教材佳句P18The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。句法句式句中had just done.when
32、.为固定句式，意为“刚做完某事，这时”。句中的when是并列连词，意为“就在那时”。相当于and then或and at the same time。when作并列连词时常用于以下句型中：(1)be doing.when.正在做这时(2)be about to do.when. be on the point of doing. when.正要做这时(3)had hardly done.when.刚做了这时金句推送He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to practise playing the piano.他
33、刚做完作业这时母亲要求他练习弹钢琴。基础练习单句语法填空I was driving(drive)down to London when I suddenly found that I went the wrong way.He had just walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him.链接写作一句多译我正要放弃的时候，老师的表扬给了我回答问题的勇气。I was about to give up when the teachers praise gave me the courage to answer the qu
34、estion.I was on the point of giving up when the teachers praise gave me the courage to answer the question.名师点津when作从属连词可引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”；还可引导让步状语从句，意为“既然；考虑到”。夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film(film) a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation
35、in the wild.2I ran downstairs, spotted(spot) a red wallet on the ground, and headed towards it.3I was wandering (wander) along the pavement yesterday when a stranger came up and asked me how to go to the police station.4When he woke up，he suddenly found himself surrounded (surround) by a group of te
36、enagers.5Being brought(bring) up in a poor family made Tom very diligent when he was still young. .在空白处填入一个适当的词。1The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.2I wonder why he has been acting so strangely these days.Recent pressure at work may account for his
37、 behaviour.3I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.4By chance, he found the place where his brother had hidden the treasure.5Nowadays, cars bring about so many problems, which should be taken seriously by the government.查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1She went about tell
38、ing me the great difficulty that my mum had bringing(bring) me up.2I dont understand it thoroughly though I sought (seek) advice from my teacher yesterday.3It is very important to teach the children how to deal with others kindness and rudeness (rude)4As a punishment，she was not permitted to attend(
39、attend) any school activities.5She gave me a comforting smile，nodded while listening patiently(patient), and then printed out the ticket immediately.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1You were not boring us.On the contrary, your wonderful speech interested us a lot.2He searched the library yesterday for whatever he coul
40、d find about Mark Twain.3He is a man who is always finding fault with other people.4Whenever we meet with difficulties, they come to help us.5According to the report, staring at the cell phone for long periods of time will damage our eyesight gradually.强技提能语言应用.语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内
41、单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。I am reading a novel full of adventure stories. The author of the book 1describes(describe) many thrilling scenes 2where the leading character, a businessman, struggles in the sea after his ship has 3an accident. He is 4lucky (luck) enough to be washed onto an island and 5spotted (spo
42、t)by some local people. When he wakes up, he finds himself 6lying (lie) on the ground and ahead of him are some strangers staring 7at him. He is wondering what to do when someone brings some steak and dessert for him to eat. He is indeed very hungry but he never forgets his 8manners (manner). He sta
43、nds up and thanks the people around him and then has a quick meal. 9Later(late) he meets with large amounts of difficulty in this new world before he 10is taken (take) back to his birthplace.书面表达Step 1要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)马克吐温是十九世纪美国最著名的作家之一。Mark Twain was one of the best known American writers in t
44、he nineteenth century.马克吐温在密西西比河沿岸的密苏里州被养大，并且他在那里度过了童年。Mark Twain was brought up in Missouri along the Mississippi River and he spent his childhood there.他尝试着在船上当水手。 He took a chance to work as a sailor on a river boat. 起初他的家人不允许他当水手。His family didnt permit him to be a sailor at first.他发现自己对写作感兴趣，然后
45、他决定当一名作家。He found himself interested in writing, and he decided to become a writer.他的作品中有种讽刺的幽默，这就解释了他的作品深受世界各地读者喜爱的原因。There is a wry sense of humor in his works, which accounts for the reason why his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.Step 2表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)用同位语和定语从句连接句、Mark
46、 Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century, was brought up in Missouri along the Mississippi River where he spent his childhood.用定语从句连接句、He took a chance to work as a sailor on a river boat, which was not permitted by his family at first.Step 3衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)Mark
47、Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century, was brought up in Missouri along the Mississippi River, where he spent his childhood. Later, he took a chance to work as a sailor on a river boat, which was not permitted by his family at first. At that time, he found himself interested in writing, and he decided to become a writer.There is a wry sense of humor in his works, which accounts for the reason why his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.
