1、2015四川广安高考英语阅读类、短文改错巩固训练（2）【答案】完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the worlds great writers. Before 1 this question, it will be useful to introduce some 2 concepts. Conflict, 3 as opposition among social units-or
2、individuals-directed against one another, is4 from competition, which 5 opposition among social units 6 seeking to obtain something which is 7 inadequate supply. Competitors may not know about one another, which those who 8 in a conflict do. Conflict and competition are both 9 of opposition. The mea
3、ning of opposition has been stated as a process by which social unit function in the disservice of one another, opposition is 10 contrasted to cooperation, a 11 by which social units function in the service of one another. These 12 are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition
4、between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited 13 , but conflict Isns. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur and is probably an essential and desirable 14 of human societies. Many authors have 15 their arguments that war cannot be avoided on the idea that in the struggle
5、 for existence among groups of animals, only those which are best 16 remain alive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Those who fail in this competition 17 starve to death or are 18 by other types of animals. This struggle for 19 is not similar to human war, b
6、ut is like the competition of 20 for jobs, markets, and materials. The most important quality of this struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are not enough to satisfy all.( ) 1. A. considering B. solving C. answering D. saying( ) 2. A. related B. used C. translated D. sacred( )
7、 3. A. specified B. remarked C. defined D. claimed( ) 4. A. variable B. distinguished C. various D. isolated( ) 5. A. acknowledged B. denies C. assumes D. means( ) 6. A. critically B. approximately C. independently D. costly( ) 7. A. on B. for C. with D. in( ) 8. A. enter B. participate C. fall D. i
8、nvolve( ) 9. A. formations B. classes C. terms D. reactions( ) 10. A. nevertheless B. however C. thus D. maybe( ) 11. A. procession B. standard C. process D. measurement( ) 12. A. accounts B. definitions C. descriptions D. explanations( ) 13. A. resources B. origins C. sources D. materials( ) 14. A.
9、 matter B. element C. event D. coincidence( ) 15. A. concentrated B. fixed C. centered D. based( ) 16. A. encouraged B. accepted C. adapted D. adopted( ) 17. A. not only B. either C. neither D. both( ) 18. A. killed B. raised C. fired D. surrounded( ) 19. A. resistence B. privilege C. favour D. empl
10、oyment( ) 20. A. workers B. officials C. individuals D. residents1.A 考虑这个问题之前，有必要介绍一些与之相关的概念。2.A “相关的概念”，应用related。3.C define, “解释”，“下定义”，后面经常接as; specify,“指定”，“指明”。The regulations specify that you may use a dictionary in the examination。规则指明考虐时可用字典。remark,“说”。claim,“要求承认某人之身份，所有权”。Does anyone claim
11、 this umbrella?有没有人认领这把伞？ 冲突，指的是社会单位，团体或个人之间的对抗。它与“竞争”不同。竞争指的是社会单位间为夺取一种不足够的供应而进行的对抗。4.B distinguish from区别，不同；variable与vaious(多样的)后面一般不接from; isolated“与隔离开来”。5.D 对前面competition的解释，“意味着”。6.C critically批判地；approximately大致地；independently 独立地；不受控制地；costly形容词，昂贵的。根据文中含义，“竞争对手各自寻求物质，所以才会有冲突”。所以此外选C为宜。7.D
12、 in short(inadequate) supply“缺乏的”为固定搭配，一般不用其它介词。8.B enter in登记姓名，细节等。例：enter in an item in an accountbook将一笔账记入账本；fall in陷入，例fall in love with sb. involve in“卷入”，一般为卷入某个事件；participate in参与。 竞争者们可能彼此不了解，而冲突者们则熟识对方。9.B formation,构成;terms,术语;reactions,反映;classes在此处指“种类，类别”。冲突和竞争都属于对抗。10.C 选这类连接副词时，关键是弄
13、清句与句之间意义关系。上句讲到对抗就是彼此不服务。这句讲到合作就是彼此服务。他们之间连接词自然就是“因此”了，因此他们相反。对抗与合作相反。合作指的是社会单位互相服务。11.C procession队伍，行列；standard标准；process过程；measurement衡量。上句中谈到对抗是彼此不服务时，用的是“a process by which social.”,此处与上句这部分结构完全相同，就可套用process一词。12.B accounts叙述；definitions，定义，概念；descriptions,描述；explanations，解释。文章第二句话是第一自然段主题句：介绍
14、几个概念，然后作者分别介绍。本题中用these definitions“这些概念”则与上文浑然一体。对这些定义的理解非常必要，因为有必要强调，个人或团体之间的竞争在这个资源有限的世界是难免的，而冲突则是可免的。13.A resource资源，指国家、人类或个人所拥有的人力及物力，例：We must exploit the natural resources of our country. 我们必须开发本国的天然资源。source指河的源头：the source of Nile尼罗河的发源地。source还指出处，来源，例：The news comes from a reliable sourc
15、e.这项消息出自可靠的来源。origin起源，the origin of a quarrel 争吵的起因。此空前为a world of limited一个有限资源的世界，因此选A。14.B 冲突很可能发生，它可能是人类社会必不可少、值得得到的要素。15. D base.on. 把建立在上。16.C 只有那些适应（能力）强的才活下来。17.B 看到or就会想到either; not only.but also; neither.not.,both.and都是固定搭配。在竞争中失败的动物，要不就是饿死，要不就被别的动物杀死。18.A 由前句starve to death和or可知，此处应同deat
16、h意义相近。19.A 为生存的抗争不同于人类战争。20.C 由后面的jobs, markets and materials可知，此处应填“个人”。 workers, officials和residents（居民）都以偏概全。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013西安市标准化考练，D)Up to 45 rare species of Australian animals are in danger of becoming extinct within 20 years, scientists warned in a report. But hope i
17、s not lost! According to the report, the species can be saved if immediate action is taken to control their natural predators (天敌) and other threats.The threatened animals can be found in the faraway Kimberley region of northwestern Australia. The region is similar in square miles to California. Thi
18、rty percent of the endangered species are unique to the region, while others have already disappeared in other parts of Australia.Dr. Tara Martin, a research scientist said in the report, “A large extinction event is happening in Australia. The north has really been the last stronghold (主要栖息地) for m
19、any species of birds and mammals and reptiles. The Kimberley is really their last chance on earth.”Many of the species are under threat because they are hunted by wild cats. These cats kill around 500 000 native animals in the Kimberley region every day. The species face another threat, too. Their n
20、ative habitat is also being destroyed by wildfires and by wild donkeys and goats that compete for food and water. Humans introduced cats, donkeys and goats to Australia to be farm animals or pets. However, their populations have exploded in the region because they have few natural predators.The repo
21、rt calls for $ 95 million to immediately start protection programs. The report also suggests reducing wild donkey and goat populations in the region, building fences, fighting wildfires and educating the community about how to help the endangered species. Richard Hobbs, an ecologist at the Universit
22、y of Western Australia, says the costs are worthwhile because the measures will not be too difficult to carry out.文章大意：本文是一篇调查报告。在澳大利亚有多达45种稀有动物在接下来的二十年里将会灭绝。报告主要讲述了这些物种所面临的危险并提出了保护它们应该采取的一些措施。13Which of the following should be done to protect the rare species of Australian animals?AProviding new ha
23、bitat for them.BSupplying more food and water to them.CGetting rid of the dangers to them.DLeading them to the north of Australia for a better life.答案：C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中“the species can be saved. to control their natural predators (天敌) and other treats”可知，我们人类应当立即帮助这些珍稀物种去除威胁它们生存的因素。故C项正确。14Paragraph
24、s 23 mainly tell us _.Awhere the threatened animals can be foundBhow worrying the situation of the rare animals isCthe Kimberley is the home of many rare speciesDthe Kimberley is a safe place for animals to live答案：B段落大意题。根据第二段最后一句“. while others have already disappeared in other parts of Australia.”
25、和第三段最后一句“The Kimberley is really their last chance on earth.”可知，文章此处告诉我们稀有动物的处境是多么危险。故B项正确。15The article may appear in a magazine on _.Aanimals BgeographyCchemistry Dhistory答案：A推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一些地方动物的危险处境，所以最有可能出现在杂志中的动物栏中。故A项正确。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Its 5:00 in the morning wh
26、en the alarm (闹钟) rings in my ears. I roll out of bed and walk blindly through the dark into the bathroom. I turn on the light and put on my glasses. The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully. Usually I go for a long run, but today I choose my favorite
27、exercise DVD insanity. Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes. My heart races as I face my body to finish each movement. As I near the end of the exercise, I feel extremely tired, but a smile is of my face. Its not a smile because the DVD is over, but a smile of success from pushing my body to it
28、s extreme limit. Some people enjoy shopping, smoking, food, work, or even chocolate. But I need exercise to get through each day. Some shake heads when they see me run through the town. Others get hurt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmothers chocolate cake. They raise their eyebrows
29、, surprised by my “no thank you,” or by my choice to have a salad. Over the years, I have learned its okay to just say “no.” I shouldnt feel sorry for refusing food that I dont want to eat.So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m.? What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream? Commitmen
30、t. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety, increases self confidence and energy, extends life and above all improve my body shape. This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just
31、right. Its through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out.( ) 1.Why is there a smile on the authors face in the morning?A. Because she sees her family sleeping peacefully.B. Because she finishes her favorite exercise C. Because she enjoys the interesting DVDD.
32、 Because she feels a sense of achievement( ) 2. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2?A. She doesnt treat others politelyB. She likes to make others surprised C. Others dont understand what she doesD. Others try to help her by offering her food( ) 3. What does the underlined word “
33、commitment” in the last paragraph mean?A. Good health B. Firm belief C.A strong power D.A regular half( ) 4. What can we learn about the author from the text?A. She acts in a strange wayB. She wants to look different from othersC. She aims to develop a good body shapeD. She has difficult getting alo
34、ng with others【答案与解析】【要点综述】本文叙述了作者不辞辛苦地坚持锻炼，有时还不为他人所理解的故事；她只为自己的坚定信念，即通过锻炼来改变自己。【参考答案】1-4、DCBC假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Ms Tailor
35、,Football is my favourite sport. When it is comes to football, I always have much to saying. Last week, I quarreled with my mother about if I could play football with my classmates at weekends. My mother holds the view strong that I should devote all my spare time to study all the subjects well. In
36、my opinion, only when I try my best to study I be able to be admitted to a university. But I really cant accept her view. As far as Im concerned, playing football not only build up my strength and also makes me full of energy every day. Could you give me some advices on how to persuade my mother to allow me to play football at weekends?Yours Jim 【参考答案】1. 去掉 is 2. saying-say 3. if-whether 4. strong-strongly 5. study-studying 6. my-her 7. I前加will 8. build-builds 9. and-but 10. advices-advice
