1、2015四川广安高考英语阅读类、短文改错巩固训练（9）【答案】完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。 A lady and her husband stepped off the train in Boston. They walked without an appointment（预约）into the outer 1 of Harvards president. But they were 2 by his secretary and kept waiting. For hours, the secretary took no noti
2、ce of them, 3 that the couple would finally become 4 and go away. But they didnt. The secretary finally decided to disturb the president, though5 . A few minutes later, the president walked towards the couple with a 6 face. The lady told him, “We had a son that 7 Harvard for one year. He loved Harva
3、rd. He was 8 here. But about a year ago, he was accidentally killed. My husband and I would like to 9 a memorial（纪念物）to him, somewhere on campus.” The president wasnt 10 . Instead, he was shocked. “Madam,” he said, “we cant put up a statue for every person who studied at Harvard and died. If we did,
4、 this 11 would look like a cemetery（墓地）,” “Oh, no,” the lady 12 quickly “We dont want to put up a statue. We would like to give a 13 to Harvard.” The president rolled his eyes and 14 at the couple and then exclaimed,” A building! Do you have any 15 how much a building costs? We have spent over $7 50
5、0 000 on the campus building at Harvard.” For a moment the lady was silent. The president was 16 ,because he could get rid of them now. Then the lady turned to her husband and said quietly, “Is that all it costs to start a 17 ? Why dont we just start our own?” Her husband nodded. 18 their offer was
6、turned down, Mr. and Mrs. Stanford traveled to California where they founded the University that bears their19 ,a memorial to a son that Harvard no longer 20 about.( ) 1.A.lab B. library C. hall D. office答案:D( ) 2.A.watched B. stopped C. followed D. interviewed答案:B( ) 3.A.hoping B. finding C. realiz
7、ing D. imagining答案:A( ) 4.A.surprised B. disappointed C. worried D. troubled答案:B( ) 5.A.hopelessly B. carefully C. unexpectedly D. unwillingly答案:D( ) 6.A.pleasant B. funny C. cold D. sad答案:C( ) 7.A.attended B. visited C. studied D. served答案:A( ) 8.A.clever B. brave C. proud D. happy答案:D( ) 9.A.set a
8、bout B. set up C. take down D. take over答案:B( ) 10.A.satisfied B. excited C. moved D. ashamed答案:C( ) 11.A.house B.part C.garden D.place答案:D( ) 12.A.explained B. expressed C. refused D. admitted答案:A( ) 13.A.building B. yard C. playground D. square答案:A( ) 14.A.laughed B. shouted C. glanced D. called答案
9、:C( ) 15.A.suggestion B. idea C. thought D. opinion答案:B( ) 16.A.bored B. astonished C. interested D. pleased答案:D( ) 17.A.department B. university C. business D. club答案:B( ) 18.A.Once B. While C. Since D. Though答案:C( ) 19.A.name B. character C. picture D. sign答案:A( ) 20.A.talked B. knew C. heard D. c
10、ared答案:D1. 提示:夫妇二人来到的地方是哈佛大学校长的，根据后文中提到了秘书，结合常识，应知他们到达的地方应是校长办公室的外间。2. 提示:从后文中的“keep waiting”与前文中的“without appointment”可推知他们应该被秘书挡住了。3. 提示:从“For hours, the secretary took no notice of them”及后文中的go away可知，秘书是希望他们走开。4. 提示:夫妇两人会因为等的时间过长而变得无望，从而自己走开。5. 提示:从文中可知秘书希望他们自己因无望而离开，但夫妇二人的坚持使之无奈地去找校长，自然，这样做是不情愿
11、的，故用unwillingly。6. 提示:从上下文中的没有预约，可知校长是不情愿地接见夫妇二人，脸色自然不好，态度不热情，故用cold“冷漠的”。7. 提示:从后文可知他们的儿子是在哈佛学习，应该用study in Harvard或attend Harvard。8. 提示:用clever或brave不符合上下文语境，用proud后需加of构成be proud of结构。因此可推知他们的孩子在哈佛生活、学习得很愉快，故用happy。9. 提示:为儿子建立一个纪念物。建立应用set up。set about开始做；take down取下；拿下；take over接收；接管。10. 提示:从文意来
12、看，校长并没有被夫妇二人的话打动，相反的是感到震惊并拒绝了他们的请求。11. 提示:“If we did”，意为“如果我们同意在哈佛校园为你们的儿子建立纪念物的话”，由此可知下文提到的是哈佛这个地方。12. 提示:后文是那位女士对校长的解释，故用explain。13. 提示:从后文中校长所说的话:“A building!.”可知。14. 提示:从上文中“rolled his eyes”及下文中的话可知，校长不相信夫妇二人能负担得起盖一座楼，因此看他们也使用轻视的目光，故用glance。laugh at意为“嘲笑”；shout at意为 “对大喊大叫”；call at意为“拜访（某地）”。而ex
13、claim为“大声说”，因此排除laugh与shout。15. 提示:idea主意，概念；suggestion建议，提议；thought想法；opinion观点。根据语境应用idea。16. 提示:从上下文可知，那女子不说话了，校长认为能“get rid of them”，自然地，他会感到高兴。17. 提示:从上文 “We have spent over $7 500 000 on the campus building at Harvard.”可知，此处应是创办一所大学。18. 提示:上下文为因果关系，故用since。19. 提示:bear ones name“用的名字”。从常识也应该知道，
14、美国加利福尼亚出名的大学是斯坦福大学，文中又提到了Stanford夫妇，故可知A项正确。20. 提示:take about谈论；know about了解；hear about听说；care about在乎；在意。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013南昌市二模，C)“Plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity and nutrient availability s
15、eem to trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide，” said researchers from the National University of Singapore.45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers pointed out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climat
16、e change, are possible reasons for shrinking creatures.“We do not yet know the mechanisms involved, or why some organism are getting smaller while others are unaffected，” the researchers said. “Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we cant yet quantify.”The change
17、was big in coldblooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make reptiles smaller. An increase of 1 degree centigrade caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism (新陈代谢). Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now too. Th
18、ough overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth. There is a recent report on warmer temperatures negative effects on plankton, the base of the marine ecosystem.Warmblooded animals werent immune from the size change caused by cli
19、mate change. Many birds are now smaller. Mammals have been miniaturized too. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaker. And polar bears are smaller, compared with historical records.This is not the first time this has happened in Earths history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the
20、 current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a long time than the current climate change.The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with
21、 long generation times. So, it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in future.文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。主要报道了一项新发现，研究人员发现了气候变暖会导致地球上许多生物个体变小的现象。16Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AWhy do some species become smaller?BHow does temperature change i
22、n Earths history?CClimate change has many negative effectsDSpecies become smaller as climate warms答案：D标题概括题。通读全文及第二段首句“45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past.”可知，本文主要讲述了气候变暖会导致许多生物个体变小的现象，故D项正确。17The underlined word “trumped” in the first paragraph
23、can be replaced by _.Abeen neglected by Bhad strong influences thanCbeen weakened by Dbeen less than答案：B词义猜测题。根据本句中的but可知，画线词与其前面的内容“大气中二氧化碳的增加会使植物个体变大”是转折关系，并根据下文中气温、湿度、可利用的营养等条件对生物的影响可知，这些条件的改变似乎比二氧化碳浓度增加更有影响力。故B项正确。18Researchers from the National University of Singapore believe that _.Ahow climat
24、e change effects animals size has not been found clearlyBall the animals on the earth have become smallerCtoo many studies on animals size have been doneDpeople can avoid the negative effects of climate change答案：A细节理解题。文章第三段研究人员提到“We do not yet know the mechanisms involved”，其中the mechanisms指的是气候变暖影响
25、了生物个体大小的机制，故A项正确。19What can we learn from the passage?AClimate change has even affected plankton negatively.BBirds have suffered more from climate change than fish.CAnts, bees and spiders have been shrinking by 50% to 70% in the past decade.DA warming event causing species to become smaller has neve
26、r happened before.答案：A细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“There is a recent report on warmer temperatures negative effects on plankton, the base of the marine ecosystem.”可知，气候变化已经对浮游生物产生了有害影响。故A项正确。20Whats the authors attitude toward climate change in the passage?AConcerned. BOptimistic. CIndifferent. DConfident.答案：A观点
27、态度题。根据文章最后一句“So, it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in future.”可知，作者对气候变暖对生物的影响有些担忧。故A项Concerned(关心的)符合语境。阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。One morning more than thirty years ago, I entered the Track Kitchen, a restaurant where everyone from the humble
28、st(卑微的) to the most powerful came for breakfast. I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man, who looked somewhat disheveled. He was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone. I asked if I might join him. He agreed quietly and I sat down to have my breakfast. We cautiously began a conversat
29、ion and spoke about a wide rang of things. We never introduced ourselves. I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat. So as I rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee, I asked, My I get you something? A coffee would be nice. Then I bou
30、ght him a cup of coffee. We talked more, and he accepted another cup of coffee, Finally, I rose to leave, wished him well, and headed for the exit. At the door I met one of my friends. He asked, How did you get to know Mr. Gal breath? Who? The man you were sitting with. He is chairman of the Board o
31、f Churchill Downs. I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the worlds richest and most powerful men! My few minutes with Mr. Gal breath changed my life. Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and to meet anoth
32、er human being with kindness and sincerity. ( ) 1. What does the underlined word disheveled mean? A. Unfriendly. B. Untidy. C. Gentle. D. Kind. ( ) 2. The author bought coffee for the old man because A. he thought the old man was poor B. he wanted to start a conversation C. he intended to show his p
33、oliteness D. he would like to thank the old man ( ) 3. How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend? A. Proud. B. Pitiful. C. Surprised. D. Regretful ( ) 4. What is the message mainly expressed in the story? A. We should learn to be generous. B. It is honorable to help those in n
34、eed. C. People in high positions are not like what we expect. D. We should avoid judging people by their appearances. 【语篇解读】 本文讲述了我在吃早点的时候遇到一个看起来穿着邋遢的老人, 并且帮助 他买了一杯咖啡,事后得知他是最富有的 Mr. Gal breath,旨在告诉我们不要以貌取人. 1. 答案 B 【解析】猜测词义题.由上文中的 I noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man 何 下文中的 He w
35、as wearing a worn-out hat and was alone.可知 disheveled 在这儿是指仪容不整, 穿着邋遢的意思.所以答案选 B 项. 2. 答案A 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据文中 I was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat.可以判断选 A 项. 3. 答案 C 【解析】推理判断题.根据 I could hardly believe it. I was buying, offering a free breakfast, and f
36、eeling pity for one of the worlds richest and most powerful men!可知, 作者在他朋友告诉他 那个老人是 Mr. Gal breath 之后感到很吃惊.由此判断选 C 项. 4. 答案 D 【解析】 主旨大意题. 根据文章最后一句 Now I try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who I think they are, and no matter another human being with kindness and sincerity.可知,作者想要 表达的是不要以貌取
37、人.由此判断选 D 项. 短文改错。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）。并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分。Three years ago I failed an important exam in my life and became a student in a ordinary
38、school. Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom, I found the teachers patiently and considerate. Besides, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class. I decided make the best of it. I worked hard and get along well with my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had
39、 difficulties, they were always available. Soon, I became one of the top student in my class, and which greatly increased my confidence and got him motivated. My experience tell me that it is not what you are given but how you make use for it that determines who you are.【参考答案】1.a-an 2. Disappointing-Disappointed 3.patiently-patient 4. decided 后加to 5.get-got 6.student-students 7. which 前的and 取掉 8him- me 9. telltells 10 for-of
