1、题型组合训练八（A）阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(2017课标全国)After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.Gray
2、wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where t
3、here were fewer humans around.The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populationsmajor food sources(来源)for the wolfgrew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation(植被),which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote popula
4、tions also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the parks red foxes, and completely drove away the parks beavers.As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyot
5、e problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today
6、, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other
7、parts of the country as well.1.What is the text mainly about?A.Wildlife research in the United States.B.Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.2.What does the underlined word“displaced”in paragraph 2 m
8、ean? A.Tested.B.Separated.C.Forced out.D.Tracked down.3.What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about?A.Damage to local ecology.B.A decline in the parks income.C.Preservation of vegetation.D.An increase in the variety of animals.4.What is the authors attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf pro
9、ject?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Disapproving.D.Uncaring.答案语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是,经过多年的激烈争论之后,灰狼又回到了黄石国家公园。1.D主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句为文章的主题句,文章围绕其展开,讲述的就是黄石国家公园再次引入灰狼这件事,故答案选D。2.C词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句和第二句可知,答案选C。灰狼曾经在黄石地区随处可见,可后来由于人类的发展,该种群被渐渐驱离这里。3.A推理判断题。根据第三段可以推断灰狼的消失对生态造成了破坏。4.B推理判断题。由文章最后一段最后一句话中的a valuable experimen
10、t可知,作者觉得这个项目很有价值,说明作者的态度是积极的。BOn the morning of September 7th, 19-year-old Ryan Harris and 40-year-old Stonie Huffman, two Sitka, Alaska residents, took off on their 28-foot boat in search of fish. Two miles into the ocean, their boat began to have some problems. They managed to fix the problems, bu
11、t decided to head back to shore anyway. However, before they could call for help or grab a life jacket, an eight-foot wave slammed hard against their boat and overturned it, throwing both men into the cold Alaskan waters.Stranded, they began to look around to see what they could grab onto and saw a
12、couple of empty fishing boxes from the boat, floating around. Ryan managed to climb inside one. Stonie, however, was not as lucky and managed to only grab onto the lid of the box. Soon, they both started drifting apart.While Ryan continued to bob up and down in the box, the waves started carrying St
13、onie away. But as luck would have it, he caught sight of one of the life suits from their boat floating in the ocean and managed to grab it. Though putting it on and hanging onto the lid at the same time was not an easy task, Stonie managed it and then began his long swim back to shore. He ended up
14、on a deserted patch of land about 25 miles northwest of Sitka, where he had to wait until Saturday morning almost 24 hours after the fishing trip began, for rescuers to find him.Meanwhile, 19-year-old Ryan continued to drift around the ocean trying to stay alive and hoping someone would find him. Th
15、e brave teenager repeated himself over and over again, “Im Ryan Hunter Harris and Im not going to die here.” He was sure he would be rescued. Two hours after his friend was rescued and able to guide the Coast Guard and, 26 hours after the adventure began, Ryan was finally found and brought back to s
16、hore. What was amazing was that except a few scratches, the youngster was in perfect health. Will he ever venture out on a fishing trip again? Only time will tell!5.We learn that on Ryan and Stonies way back to shore,.A.they had expected they would encounter dangerB.they were struck by a big wave al
17、l of a suddenC.they tried to fix the problems of their boatD.they were frightened by many big waves6.What does the underlined word“Stranded” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Trapped.B.Injured.C.Encouraged.D.Puzzled.7.Paragraph 4 shows when Ryan was drifting around the ocean, he.A.was frightenedB.amused himself
18、C.became hopelessD.stayed positive答案语篇解读本文主要讲了Ryan和Stonie在返航的途中,被一个突如其来的大浪击中,他们被困在大海中后来得救的故事。5.B细节理解题。由第一段中的However, before they could call for help or grab a life jacket, an eight-foot wave slammed hard against their boat and overturned it, throwing both men into the cold Alaskan waters.可知,Ryan和Sto
19、nie在返航途中被一个突如其来的大浪击中,故选B项。6.A词义猜测题。由they began to look around to see what they could grab onto and saw a couple of empty fishing boxes from the boat, floating around可知他们被困在大海中,故选A项。7.D推理判断题。由第四段中的The brave teenager repeated himself over and over again, “Im Ryan Hunter Harris and Im not going to die
20、here.” He was sure he would be rescued.可推断出Ryan在大海中漂泊的时候,他表现得很乐观,故选D项。CThe World Health Organization says that the disease polio is no longer widespread in India. In 2009, half of the worlds cases of polio were there. But in 2011, there was only one new case of polio in the country.Polio is caused b
21、y a virus. It spreads very quickly from one person to another. Victims often lose the use of their arms and legs. In the most serious cases, polio can kill a person.Twenty-five years ago, polio affected about 200,000 children in India each year. The United Nations International Childrens Emergency F
22、und, UNICEF, sent teams of health workers into local villages. Team members told families in their neighborhood about the importance of giving liquid medicine to children to protect them against polio.But it was not easy at first. A member said, “They used to think that their children will not be ab
23、le to have children when they grow up if they get the drop. They used to think like this. But now they dont. Now they allow their kids to get the drops.” Now things have changed. Asma Khatun is a mother in the town of Ghaziabad in the northern state of Utter Pradesh. She said, “Whenever anyone comes
24、, we get the children vaccinated(接种疫苗). Even if nobody comes to our house, we would send our children to a clinic to get vaccinated.A local Muslim leader says the vaccination campaign has been successful because it is supported by religious leaders. He said, “The polio vaccination campaign has been
25、successful here because our Muslim scholars are with us.With their support, we are able to make people understand that giving children the vaccine is beneficial and crucial.”The Indian government has now launched a new campaign to vaccinate 170 million children under the age of five. The campaign wi
26、ll target newborn babies, migrants and people living in poor, crowded areas where the disease spreads more quickly.8.What is the writers purpose in writing the passage?A.To tell the world how to fight against polio.B.To tell us good news about fighting against polio in India.C.To prove that with goo
27、d methods polio can be prevented.D.To explain why people in India are no longer afraid of polio.9.We learn that when parents in India were first advised to get their children vaccinated, they.A.didnt believe it could prevent polioB.became relaxed and believed it would workC.were afraid it would do h
28、arm to their childrenD.were afraid it would make their children die10.What is Muslim leaders attitude towards getting children vaccinated now?A.Supportive. B.Negative.C.Uncaring.D.Worried.11.We know from the last paragraph that the new campaign.A.was started by the World Health OrganizationB.is succ
29、essful mainly because of the Muslim scholarsC.is aimed at 170 million children under the age of fiveD.mainly targets people living in poor and crowded areas答案语篇解读本文主要讲了全世界是如何打败脊髓灰质炎这种疾病的。8.A写作意图题。由第一段中的The World Health Organization says that the disease polio is no longer widespread in India. In 200
30、9,half of the worlds cases of polio were there. But in 2011, there was only one new case of polio in the country.可知作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉人们全世界是如何打败脊髓灰质炎这种疾病的,故选A项。9.C推理判断题。由第四段中的They used to think that their children will not be able to have children when they grow up if they get the drop. They used to think
31、 like this.可知当印度的家长第一次被建议给他们的孩子接种疫苗时,他们担心疫苗会伤害他们的孩子,故选C项。10.A推理判断题。由第五段中的A local Muslim leader says the vaccination campaign has been successful because it is supported by religious leaders.可推断出伊斯兰教的领袖对孩子们接种疫苗持支持态度,故选A。11.C细节理解题。由最后一段中的The Indian government has now launched a new campaign to vaccina
32、te 170 million children under the age of five.可知选C。DThe minute you start talking about what youre going to do if you lose, you have lost.Some people have a great fear of losing. In fact, fear is not the best description of what they have. It is more like a crazy phobia(恐惧症) that they cannot keep awa
33、y from. Day after day, these people allow their fear of losing to control everything in their lives. They are so afraid of losing that they try to keep away from losing without considering the cost of doing so.When things start to get out of control, fear begins to come in. As the fear of losing or
34、getting hurt overwhelms(充溢) them, they quickly look for excuses, rather than fight back or find a way to deal with their fear. They never realize that losing is just as common as eating and breathing.If one is given a choice, who wouldnt prefer winning over losing? After all, winning is exciting and
35、 winning is what living is all about. Although we might try hard all the time, were not going to win every time. In fact, most of us are going to lose a lot more often than we win and, believe it or not, its not all bad.In order to make the most of our abilities, we have to take risks every now and
36、then. When we take risks, we might get knocked down, or even knocked flat, but with each failure and each loss, we have an opportunity to get better and get closer to the life we expect.12.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A.The Bad Effects of LosingB.Make the Most of Ev
37、ery SuccessC.We Win Some and We Lose SomeD.Winning Is the Main Purpose in Life13.By saying the underlined sentence “They are so afraid.” in Paragraph 2, the author means.A.one should avoid losing by using any kind of meansB.one is too afraid to deal with losing properly by himselfC.one is so afraid
38、of losing that he cant step forward at allD.one should make efforts to deal with losing rather than avoid it14.We can know from the passage that.A.fear works most when one is eager to winB.losing is a common part of our daily livesC.one should avoid losing without considering the costD.the more losi
39、ng one experiences, the stronger one will become15.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Losing is of great value to success.B.The more we fear, the better we will perform.C.Only when we improve our abilities can we win.D.Only through experiencing losing can we get what we want.答案语篇解读失败是我们日常生活
40、中很普通的一个部分,失败对于成功者来说很有价值,一个人应该努力面对失败,而不是避免失败。12.C主旨大意题。由全文的主题句Although we might try hard all the time, were not going to win every time. In fact, most of us are going to lose a lot more often than we win and, believe it or not, its not all bad.可知这篇文章主要讲了有时候我们会赢,有时候我们会输,故选C项。13.D推理判断题。这句话的意思是他们是如此害怕失败
41、,以至于他们尽力远离失败,而他们并不考虑这样做的代价。这句话暗含的意思是一个人应该努力面对失败,而不是避免失败,故选D项。14.B细节理解题。由第三段中的They never realize that losing is just as common as eating and breathing.可知失败是我们日常生活中很普通的一个部分,故选B项。15.A推理判断题。由最后一段中的When we take risks, we might get knocked down, or even knocked flat, but with each failure and each loss, we have an opportunity to get better and get closer to the life we expect.可推断出失败对于成功来说很有价值,故选A项。
