1、江西新余市2017高考英语一轮完形和阅读训练（二）含答案完型填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Tom grows the nicest vegetables and fruits and the most beautiful flowers in the village. Plants grow in Toms garden all through the _1_ and they are much _2_.Tom cuts some flowers for his sitting room table, eats some fruits
2、 and vegetables, but he _3_ most of them in the market. His vegetables, fruit and flowers are so _4_ and beautiful that they sold much more _5_ in the market than those of other villagers.How does Tom grow these beautiful things? He is so _6_ that he just sits under his orange tree with his radio. H
3、e _7_ the music all day.That is quite true. Tom _8_ things in spring, summer, autumn and winter. After that he sits with his radio. And everything _9_. It is the music that does the work. Tom knows more clearly that music makes the biggest vegetables and the most beautiful flowers. Plants love _10_
4、as much as people.名师点评本文介绍了汤姆庭园中各种植物的生长以及销售情况，并说明了懒惰的汤姆为什么能长出这么好的植物。(D)1. A. weekB. monthC. seasonD. year【解析】D。根据下文汤姆春夏秋冬都会在园子里种各种植物，说明园子里一年到头都长着植物，故year为正确选项。(A)2. A. betterB. worseC. less D. later【解析】A。很明显，汤姆的植物园比村子里其余人的应好得多，故应用比较级better。(B)3. A. buysB. sells C. borrows D. lends【解析】B。根据文意，汤姆到市场上去应
5、是卖自己种植的花，水果及蔬菜，故选sells。(C)4. A. dearB. bad C. big D. small【解析】C。这里应选择一个褒义形容词修饰汤姆的蔬菜水果，故只能选big。(B)5. A. politelyB. quickly C. slowly D. carefully【解析】B。因为蔬菜水果长得好，所以在市场上卖得很快，故quickly为正确选项。(D)6. A. angryB. busy C. tired D. lazy【解析】D。根据下文汤姆没有花很多的时间去管理园子而是坐在树下听音乐，故选lazy。(A)7. A. listens toB. hears C. watc
6、hes D. speaks【解析】A。表示听音乐这一动作应用listen to 。(B)8. A. fills B. plants C. throws D. makes【解析】B。根据文意，汤姆春夏秋冬在园子里是在种各种植物，故选plant。(C)9. A. doesB. moves C. grows D. plays【解析】C。grows在这里表示园子里的一切在不断地生长。(D)10.A. workB. rain C. stories D. music【解析】D。上文讲到音乐使得园子里的一切又大又美，说明植物也像人一样喜欢音乐，故选music。【2016模拟题】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四
7、个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Winter Vinecki began running at age five, but got serious in 2015 after her father died of cancer thats when she decided to honor his memory by running a marathon on every continent before her 15th birthday.Scope: Team Winter is an organization you founded to raise money for can
8、cer research. How did it get started?Winter: At first, Team Winter was formed to fight childhood obesity. When I was 8, I ran a race and raised $1,100 for that cause. But less than a year later, my dad got cancer. I knew I had to do something to help. When I started, my goal was to raise $10,000. Iv
9、e raised well past that almost $500,000.Scope: What goes through your mind when you run?Winter: When Im having a hard time during a race, I think about my dad. If he could deal with the pain of cancer, I can deal with any type of pain. He was a very friendly person. He was always smiling and very ha
10、ppy even when he had cancer.Scope: Is your age ever an obstacle in your races?Winter: Ive been turned down by race directors who wont let anyone younger than 16 or 18 compete. But Diana Nyad, the first person to swim from Cuba to Florida without a shark cage, told me, “Never let them tell you it can
11、t be done.” From then on I knew my age wasnt the problem.Scope: Youve probably inspired lots of people too.Winter: Ive heard about kids doing projects like me. Once in a restaurant, a boy came up to my mom and me and told us his dad had cancer too. Now hes competing in running for his dad. Hearing s
12、tories like that helps keep me going.1. What do we know about Team Winter?A. It always holds different races. B. Its final goal is to raise $500,000.C. It was named after Winters father. D. It was to help obese children at first.2. When Winter has a hard time during a race, what keeps her going?A. H
13、er fathers illness. B. Her fathers success.C. Her fathers bravery. D. Her fathers kindness.3. Winters words in the last paragraph tell us that _.A. she sets a good example for others B. she hopes others will do what she doesC. the boy wants to join Team Winter D. the boy invites her to compete with
14、him(个人情况)本文是应用文。文章是对15岁马拉松选手Winter Vinecki的访谈。1. D。细节理解题。根据第一部分问答的At first, Team Winter was formed to fight childhood obesity可知，Winter创建Team Winter的最初目的是为肥胖儿童筹集善款。2. C。推理判断题。根据第二部分问答可知，如果Winter在比赛中遇到困难，她会想到父亲总是微笑地面对病痛。故正是父亲在病痛面前表现出的勇敢让Winter在困境中继续前进。3. A。推理判断题。从最后一部分问答的kids doing projects like me以及男
15、孩为帮助父亲参加比赛的举动可知，Winter为他人树立了良好的榜样。阅读理解As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating（发电）and transmission（输送）system for the 21stcentury will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads
16、 and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar pants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.The 19th century saw land grants（政府拨地）offered to railroad compani
17、es to build the transcontinental railroads ,leaving public land in between privately owned land . In much of the west ,some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped ,and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management, with the comp
18、letion or the interstate highway system ,many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well ,have lost their lifeblood and died .Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the west .this is not an argument against build
19、ing then ,we need alternative energy badly .and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now .So trade-offs will have to be made .some scenic sport will be sacrificed .some species (物种)will be forced to move ,or will be carefully moved
20、 to special accommodations ,deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects .The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter .the 21st century development of the American west as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money to do a lot of good
21、.but it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroad and the highway.The money set aside in negotiated trade offs and the institution that control will shape the west far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmissio
22、n lines .so lets remember the effects of the railroad and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the west .( ) 1.What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?A. small towns along the railways became abandoned.B. some railroad stops remained.C. land in the west was
23、hard to manage.D. land grants went into private hands.( ) 2. What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?A. the transmission of power B. the use of money and power C. the conservation of solar energy D. the selection of an ideal place ( ) 3
24、.What is the authors attitude towards building solar plants?A. cautious B. approving C. doubtful D. disapproving ( ) 4.Which is the best title for the passage?A. how the railways have affected the west B. how solar energy could reshape the west C. how the effects of power plants can be reduced D. ho
25、w the problems of the highways have been settled【文章大意】说明文。文章说明的是一种新的太阳能电力系统是如何或好或坏的影响美国西部地区的。1.答案C。细节理解题。由文章第二段in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management ,with the completion or the interstate highway system可知。2.答案B。细节理解题。由文章alternative energy is going to thro
26、w off a lot of power and money to do a lot of good和文章最后两段内容可以看出。3. A 态度题，作者由铁路和高速公路在西部建设过程中出现的好的和坏的影响来说明solar plants 在西部建设也会出现同样的问题。他是担心的caution4. B 主旨大意题。文章说明的是一种新的太阳能电力系统是如何或好或坏的影响美国西部地区的。太阳能电力系统会重塑美国西部。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2013黄浦区】(C) Throughout the centuries, various writers have
27、contributed greatly to the literary treasure trove of books lining the shelves of todays libraries. In addition to writing interesting material, many famous writers, such as Edgar Allan Poe, were larger-than-life characters with personal histories that are as interesting to read as the stories they
28、wrote. Poes rocky life included being driven off from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1831 and an ongoing battle with alcohol. Yet, despite heavy gambling debts, poor health, and terrible unemployment, Poe managed to produce a body of popular works, including “The Raven” and “The
29、 Murders in the Rue Morgue.”Herman Melville, author of Moby Dick, once lived among the man-eaters in the Marquesas Islands and wrote unusual tales inspired by his years of service in the U.S. Navy. Dublin-born Oscar Wilde was noted for his charismatic personality, his outrageous lifestyle, and creat
30、ing witty catchphrases such as, “Nothing succeeds like excess.” D.H. Lawrence wrote shameful novels that were often cut, and Anne Rice led a double life writing bestselling horrible novels under her real name and using “A.N. Roquelaure” for the lowbrow unhealthy novels she penned on the side. Noncon
31、formist(不墨守成规的)author and naturalist Henry David Thoreau once fled to the woods and generated enough interesting material to fill his noted book Walden. Thoreau wrote on the issue of passive resistance protest in his essay “Civil Disobedience” and served time in jail for refusing tax payments in pro
32、test of the United States governments policy towards slavery. American short story writer O. Henrys colorful life was ruined by tragic events, such as being accused and sentenced for stealing money from an Austin, Texas bank. Despite his success selling his short stories, O. Henry struggled financia
33、lly and was nearly bankrupt when he died. As diverse as these famous authors backgrounds were, they all led unconventional lives while writing great literary works that will endure throughout the ages. The next time you read an interesting book, consider learning more about the author by reading his
34、 or her biography so you can learn about the unique life experiences that shaped his or her writing. 72. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Edgar Allan Poe? A. He had his own interesting personal history as other famous writers. B. He graduated from United States Military Academy at West Point
35、 in 1831. C. He once had heavy gambling debts and fell down with illness. D. He managed to produce popular works no matter how rocky his life was. 73. What can you infer from Para.2?A. D.H. Lawrence and Anne Rice once wrote similar type of novels. B. Anne Rice used a pen name because her novels were
36、 quite popular.C. Anne Rice used different names when she wrote bestselling novels. D. Henry David Thoreau enriched his books by living in the forests. 74. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?A. Henry David Thoreau was passionately opposed to horrible events. B. Anne Rice always used a
37、pen name to conceal her true identity. C. Herman Melville stayed with man-eaters during his naval service. D. O Henrys life was colorful though he had lots of difficulties. 75. The passage mainly tells us that _. A. many famous writers lived nontraditional lives B. most famous writers were usually t
38、roublemakers C. writers had to lead interesting lives to generate materialsD. the biographies of famous writers are always inspirational【参考答案】7275BACA较难题目特训：科普知识类Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when youre doing your holiday shopping online, make sure youre h
39、olding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation(感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisionsthose are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh. Psychologists have known that one per
40、sons perception(感知) of anothers “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argu
41、es, when babies conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth“mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carrie
42、d a food bottle. Harlows work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills. Feelings of “warmth” and“coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no wo
43、rldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries. To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which i
44、nvolved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the studys hypotheses(假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to ra
45、te the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink. “We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh. 1. According to Paragraph 1, a pe
46、rsons emotion may be affected by.A. the visitors to his officeB. the psychology lessons he hasC. his physical feeling of coldnessD. the things he has bought online2. The author mentions Harlows experiment to show that.A. adults should develop social skillsB. babies need warm physical contactC. careg
47、ivers should be healthy adultsD. monkeys have social relationships3. In Barghs experiment, the students were asked to.A. evaluate someones personalityB. write down their hypothesesC. fill out a personal information formD. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively4. We can infer from the passage that.
48、A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiencesB. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwideC. physical temperature affects how we see othersD. capable persons are often cold to others5. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships.B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation.C. Developing Better Drinking Habits.D. Physical Sensations and Emotions.【参考答案】1-5 CBACD
