1、标题：voa慢速英语讲解附字幕:美国特许学校推行环保运动对应音频：0121a.mp3听力内容：Getting Schools Not Just to Go Green but Teach It, TooThis is the VOA Special English Education Report.Charter schools operate with public money but without many of the rules that govern traditional public schools. In the United States the rules for cha
2、rter schools differ from state to state. But in general these schools have greater freedom to decide what to teach and how to teach it.A charter school might be independent or connected to the local public school system. It might be started by teachers, parents, community groups or, in some cases, a
3、 profit-making business.The charter is a performance contract. It establishes the goals of the school and other details like how student performance will be measured. Forty-seven million students attend traditional public schools. But more than a million students attend charter schools.And now a gro
4、up of charter schools have formed the Green Charter Schools Network. The idea is to have environmentally friendly school buildings but to also go further than that.The schools teach students to become involved in community issues that affect them and the environment. For example, young children grow
5、 crops in a school garden and learn about healthy eating. Older students help recycle waste from the cafeteria. And local schools share what they grow in community gardens with people in need.Jim McGrath is president of the Green Charter Schools Network. He says there are about two hundred green cha
6、rter schools across the United States. He says the plan is to also include traditional public schools as well as private schools.JIM McGRATH: The most important thing is that every one of us - every child, every adult - has a responsibility that their action, every action we make has an effect on th
7、e earth that we live in. And that our natural resources are not inexhaustible. And that if we want a positive earth for future generations, we all need to make commitments to be change agents so that we dont destruct our natural resources.The Green Charter Schools Network holds its first national co
8、nference this October in Minnesota. It will include companies and organizations like Waste Management and the United States Green Building Council. Supporters of green schools say their goal is to expand the movement across the country.And thats the VOA Special English Education Report, written by N
9、ancy Steinbach. Is your school doing anything special to go green? You can tell the world by posting a comment at .com. You can also read and listen to all of our reports and watch captioned videos. Plus, we now offer a verb phrase of the day by SMS. The service is free but standard message rates ma
10、y apply. Im Bob Doughty.这里是VOA特别英语教育报道。政府特许学校利用公共资金运作，但是不受传统公立学校规章条例的限制。在美国，各州特许学校的规章制度各有不同。但是总体来说，在教课内容和教课方式方面拥有更大的自由。特许学校可以是独立的，也可以与当地公立学校系统有联系。可以由教师，家长，社区组织开办，有时也可以由赢利组织开办。其规章是一份表现合同，设立了学校的目标和其他细节，例如学生表现的衡量方法。共有4700万学生在传统的公立学校就读，但是超过100万学生到特许学校就读。现在，一些特许学校组成了绿色特许学校网络。其目的是创建环境友好的学校建筑，但是不止这些。学校交给学生
11、参加对他们本人和环境有影响的社区活动。例如，年幼的学生在学校花园中种植作物，学习健康饮食知识。年纪稍长的学生帮助回收自助餐厅中的垃圾。当地学校与有需要的人共享在社区花园中种植的作物。Jim McGrath是绿色特许学校网络的主席。他说，美国共有大约200所绿色特许学校。他说，他们未来的计划是将传统的公立学校和私立学校也容纳进来。Jim McGrath：“重要的一点是，每个人——每个孩子，每个成人——都有一份责任，我们的每种行为都会对我们居住的地球产生影响。我们的自然资源不是取之不尽，用之不竭的。如果我们希望给子孙后代留下一个更好的地球，我们必须做
12、出改变，这样才不会使我们的自然资源毁灭。”今年10月份，绿色特许学校网络将在明尼苏达召开首次全国会议。届时，废物管理和绿色建筑委员会等公司和组织将参加会议。绿色学校的支持者表示，他们的目标是将该运动推广到全国。1.govern v.统治,管理;支配,决定;控制,抑制例句：Income must govern expenditure.支出须由收入支配。2.establish v.建立,设立;安置,使定居;确立,使确认例句：They can now establish outright dictatorship.他们现在可以建立起彻头彻尾的独裁制度了。3.issue n.问题例句：The brot
13、hers rarely concur on any issues.他们兄弟在任何问题上都很少有一致的意见。动词形式：issue vt. 使流出,放出;发行,发布;发给,配给例句：You must be 18 or above before your bank will issue a check guarantee card and checkbook as part of a current account package. 持卡人必须要年满18周岁，银行才可以发放银行担保卡和支票簿，来作为活期帐户方案的一部分。4.recycle v.使再循环,再利用,再制例句：Can we recycle
14、 the scrap instead of dumping it? 我们能不能回收这些废料，而不是扔了它们？5.inexhaustible a.用不完的,无穷尽的,不知疲倦的例句：Out of the sluice springs an inexhaustible supply of water.水从水闸中源源流出。Renewable energy such as solar energy is theoretically inexhaustible. 太阳能等可再生能源从理论上讲是取之不尽用之不竭的。6.destruct v.销毁，毁灭例句：The engineers had to dest
15、ruct the rocket for safety reasons. 出于安全方面的考虑，工程师只好把火箭销毁。7.expand vt.展开;扩大,扩充例句：In early 1998, China began to adopt policies to expand domestic demand. 在1998年年初，中国开始实施扩大内需的政策。1.In the United States the rules for charter schools differ from state to state.differ from与…不同,和…意见不一致例句：The b
16、rothers differ from each other in their interests.这几个兄弟各有所好。Nylon differs from silk in origin and cost.尼龙和真丝在原料和成本上都不一样。相当于be different from2.But in general these schools have greater freedom to decide what to teach and how to teach it.in general总的来说,一般说来,大体上,整个地例句：Teachers in general are pleased wi
17、th the new scheme. 总的来说教师们对新方案比较满意。what to teach and how to teach it,这里要注意的是，teach是及物动词，what就是teach的宾语，因此后面不用再加其他成分。而how只是一种教育方式，teach后面必须加上it做宾语。3.A charter school might be independent or connected to the local public school system.be independent of独立于，不受……支配例句：If you have a car you a
18、re independent of trains and buses.你要是有辆汽车就不受火车和公共汽车的支配了。注意，它的反义词是：be dependent on依靠,随…而定,依…而转移例句：His acts were dependent on his moods.他的行为全视其心情如何而定。The countrys economy is dependent on tourism.该国经济依赖于旅游业。4.He says the plan is to also include traditional public schools as well as priva
19、te schools.as well asal well as可以用来连接两个相同的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词，通常不位于句首。此时，as well as连接的虽然是两个并列成分，但强调的重点在前面，不在后面，意思为“不但……而且……”、“既……又……”、“除了……之外，还有……”翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。例如：1)Living things need air and light as well as water. 生物
20、不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。（连接名词）2)She helped Tom as well as I. = She and I helped Tom. 我帮了汤姆的忙，她也帮了汤姆的忙。（连接主格代词）3)She helped Tom as well as me. = She helped Tom and me. 她帮了我的忙，也帮了汤姆的忙。（连接宾格代词）4)She continued her own work as well as hepled me. 她除了帮助我，还继续自己的工作。（连接动词）5)He finds the mass of materials before, as we
21、ll as after exeperiments. 他不但在实验后，还在实验前求出材料的质量。（连接介词短语）6)The child is lively as well as healthy. 这孩子既健康又活泼。（连接形容词）简单地说charter school是革新、改良的公立学校，中文姑且译成政府特许学校吧。在不让一个孩子掉队的法令下，一个公立学校如果连续三年在州标准化统考中不合格将面临被关闭的制裁，虽然鼓吹给家长更多接受教育的方式和选择，学生可以转至学区其他学校，但实际情况是lowperforming成绩不合格的学校往往在贫困社区，位于该社区的学区的其他学校往往也是半斤八两，转到别的学
22、区或私立学校，又面临交通和学费的问题，贫困家庭的学生事实上的选择很少，在这种情况下，charter school就应运而生了，并有蓬勃发展的趋势。当一所学校面临被关闭的厄运时，州政府，当地的社会机构，企业，甚至个人可以将其接管，转为charter school。charter school的启动基金来自州政府，布什不让一个孩子掉队计划中一年也提供超过20亿美金的基金支助charter school的启动和运作，布什政府是积极支持charter school的，认为为家长多提供了一种就学选择，是有效的一种教改措施，至今全美已有超过3000所charter school，遍布四十个州。charter school与一般公立学校最大的不同是它不受一般公立学校的法令条例限制，可以有自己的操作系统，而同美国公立学校系统一样，charter school从如何启动成立，如何运作，资金来源，教师执教资格等等各州都不一样，都有自己的一套。总体来说，任何个人、团体、企业都可申请提交意愿书成立charter school，一般由当地学区或州教育部门批准，charter school面向所有学生，不得收费，资金来源各州不尽相同，资金投入相差很多，不仅取决于州政府的支助，更在于社会各方的基金赞助，教师质量也可以是悬殊很大，但一般说来持合格执教资格证书的老师不会多于一般公立学校。
