1、2015广东南雄市高考英语课外自练（2）及答案【2014高考英语广东省佛山市质测试题】 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卷标号为1625的相应位置上。 Orville and Wilbur Wright were the two American brothers that invented the first airplane .They started out as bicycle repairmen. Soon, they became interested in different type
2、s of machines and began to learn 16 the machines worked. They observed birds flying 17 (get) ideas, as well as read about other inventors attempts to make aircraft. In 1900, the brothers completed their first design of a kite glider(滑翔机) and tested 18 in North Carolina. They tested kite gliders both
3、 with and without 19 pilot. Finally, in 1903, the first engine-powered Wright Flyer 20 (invent). The Wright Flyer I had a gas engine and wooden propellers(螺旋桨). After they 21 (continue) improved it upon earlier designs, the brothers successfully received a patent(专利) in 1906 22 their Flying Machine.
4、 Modern airplanes today are very different 23 the first Flying Machine. They fly faster, are much larger, and have television sets built in for passengers 24 (enjoy). Some planes have seats 25 lie flat to become beds and on the very newest planes, passengers can even use the Internet!【参考答案】 16、how 1
5、7、to get 18、it 19、a 20、was invented21、continuously 22、for 23、from 24、enjoyment 25、that/which【2014高考英语吉林省长春市调研试题】CEating 40 percent less food could extend a persons life by 20 years, according to scientists.Researchers at the Institute of Health Ageing at University College London are developing a tr
6、eatment that they hope will fight the “disease” of getting older.They are looking into how genetics (遗传学)and lifestyle can affect ageing and add years, possibly decades, to a persons life.Age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and neuro degeneration can also be treated, it is cl
7、aimed.They want to find out how the life of a rat can be increased by up to 30 percent simply by reducing its food intake.Researcher Dr. Piper told the Independent: If you reduce the diet of a rat by 40 percent it will live for 20 or 30 percent longer. So we would be talking 20 years of human life.
8、This has shown on all sorts of animals, even Labradors (a kind of dog). The scientists are also studying fruit flies, which share 60 percent of human genes and age in a similar manner, and mice.They have already made the healthy lifespan (寿命）longer in both flies and mice by using drug treatments and
9、 a balanced diet. It is hoped that this combination will also work to extend (延长）human life. Dr. Piper said: If we discover the genes involved with ageing, we should be able to delay ageing itself. This is what weve found.He added that the field of research into extending life is only a decade old,
10、so remains in theory. It is their special approach to treating all age-related diseases caused by the disease of ageing itself that sets their research apart. 64. The author writes this text in order to _.A. encourage people to eat as little as possible B. tell people how harmful food is to their he
11、alth C. introduce an on-going research on delaying ageing D. show how similar mice and humans are to each other65. How can people live longer according to the text?A. Exercise regularly.B. Reduce their diet properly.C. Vary their lifestyles constantly.D. Change their genes completely.66. What does t
12、he underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggest?A. The research is effort-taking.B. The result of the research is reliable.C. The research has been done for a long time.D. Theres a long way to go to put the theory into practice.C篇：【语篇解读】 本文是一篇科普类文章。介绍一个有关食物的量与寿命长短的关系的研究。64.C【命题立意】 考查对作者写作意图的理解。
13、 【试题解析】 本文是客观介绍一个正在进行着的研究，没有主观意愿。 因此，选C。 65.B【命题立意】 主旨大意题。【试题解析】 本文的主旨大意是食物量和寿命长短的关系。根据第五段“They want to find out how the life of a rat can be increased by up to 30 percent simply by reducing its food intake.”可知。66.D【命题立意】 考查学生对句子深层含义的理解。【试题解析】本句话的意思是这个研究才开始10年，所以还停留在理论层面，故选D。【2014高考英语吉林省长春市调研试题】DThe
14、 Hearst CastleHearst Castle is a park on the central California coast and a National Historic Landmark. It was designed by Julia Morgan for William Randolph Hearst from 1919 until 1947. In 1957, the owner donated the fortune to the state of California. Since that time it has been a state historic pa
15、rk where its large collection of art and antiques are open for public tours. Despite its location far from any urban center, the site attracts roughly one million visitors per year.Guided Tours Tour One is recommended for first time visitors. It now includes the movie, Hearst Castle Building the Dre
16、am. Tour Two gives visitors a closer look at the main houses upper floors, Mr. Hearsts private suite, the libraries, and the kitchen. Tour Three looks at the Castles North Wing, guest rooms and guest house Casa Del Monte. Tour Four includes the impressive gardens and grounds, the largest guesthouse,
17、 the wine basement, and the Hidden Terrace. The evening tour is a special tour that allows visitors to experience the Castle at night as one of the Hearsts own visitors might have.Ticket PricesHearst Castle accepts VISA, Master Card, American Express and Discover. Free day use parking is available f
18、or automobiles, motorcycles, tour buses and recreational vehicles.ToursAdultAges 6-17Tour 1$24$12Tours 2, 3 or 4$24$12Evening tour$30$15* Children under 6 are free when accompanied by a paying adult.Reservation (预订）InformationWhile tickets may be purchased at the Visitor Center upon arrival, tour re
19、servations can be made online now or by calling 1-800-444-4445, see below for times.Reservation Call Center Hours DatesMonday-FridaySaturday-Sunday March-September8am to 6pm8am to 6pm October-February9am to 5pm9am to 3pm Visit www.hearstcastle.org for more information. 67. Who does the Hearst Castle
20、 belong to at present?A. William Randolph Hearst.B. Julia Morgan.C. The Hearst Corporation.D. The state of California.68. If you are quite interested in wine, which tour will you choose?A. Tour One.B. Tour Two.C. Tour Three.D. Tour Four.69. If a couple take Tour One with their 5-year-old son, how mu
21、ch will they pay for the tickets? A. 36.B. 48C. 60.D. 75.70. Which of the following is the available time to book tickets by phone?A. At 8 am on Monday in February.B. At 9 am on Sunday in March.C. At 7 pm on Friday in September.D. At 6 pm on Saturday in October.D篇： 【语篇解读】 本文是广告类文章，介绍the Hearst Castl
22、e这个旅游景点的相关信息。67.D【命题立意】 细节理解题。 【试题解析】 通过第一段第二、三句可知。68.D【命题立意】 细节理解题。 【试题解析】 在Tour Four里提到了wine basement。69.B【命题立意】 信息理解题。 【试题解析】 通过第一个表格及表格下注释内容进行计算可知。70.B【命题立意】 信息理解题。 【试题解析】 根据第二个表格可知。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Napoleon, as a character inTolstoys War and Peace, is more than once describe
23、d as having“fat little hands.” Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse.” He is said to be“undersized, “ with “short legs” and a“round stomach”. The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoys descriptionit seems not that far off from historical accountsbut his choice of facts:other things that c
24、ould be said of the man are not said. We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoys Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his noseand that is the point. It is a way the novelis
25、t uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar(沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napole
26、on is very angry:doesnt he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war! “ he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon“walked silently several times up and down the
27、 room, his fat shoulders moving quickly.”Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner. “He raised his hand to the Russians. . . face, “ Tolstoy writes, and“taking him by the ear pulled it gently. . .” To have ones ear pulled by the Emperor
28、 was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court. “Well, well, why dont you say anything?” said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself, Napoleon. Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own. 1. Tolstoys description of Napoleon
29、in War and Peace is.A. far from the historical facts B. based on the Russian historyC. based on his selection of facts D. not related to historical details2. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because.A. he thought he should be the one to make the peace termsB. the Tsars pe
30、ace terms were hard to acceptC. the Russians stopped his military movementD. he didnt have any more army to fight with3. What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do? A. To walk out of the room in anger. B. To show agreement with him.C. To say something about the Tsar. D. To express his
31、 admiration.4. Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is.A. ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guestsB. fond of showing off his iron willC. determined in destroying all of EuropeD. crazy for power and respect5. What does the last sentence of the passage imply? A. A writer doesnt have to
32、 be faithful to his findings. B. A writer may write about a hero in his own way.C. A writer may not be responsible for what he writes.D. A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings.【参考答案】1-5、 CADDA【上海市长宁、嘉定区2014模拟】任务型阅读Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box
33、. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. countless B. exhaustedC. comparison D. essentialE. estimatesF. distinctiveG. relatively H. clearedI. unfortunatelyJ. recycledK. restricts Rain forests, found in Earths temperate and tropical (热带的) zones, are some o
34、f the most biologically varied ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain _41_ features, including a closed canopy, the dense vegetation of the top branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and _42_ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of th
35、e forests insect and animal life grows well in the canopys leafy and sunlit environment. The forests groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the suns light makes its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils, _43_ plan
36、t growth. Rain forests are a(n) _44_ part of Earths total ecology. Huge amounts of water are absorbed into tree roots and _45_ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration (蒸发). Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and ocea
37、ns. Through the process of photosynthesis (光合作用), rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more oxygen than any other ecosystem. The rain forests are _46_ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are _47_
38、 in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly _48_. When farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damage to the land and destroy the territory of _49_ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some _50_, an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month. 41-45 F G K D J46-50 I H B A E
