1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家2015河北省高邑县高考英语阅读理解一轮查漏补缺练习（1）及答案（2012上海市浦东新区高三第三次模拟）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A new argument has been put forward as to whether penguins are disturbed by the presence of tourists in Antarctica. Previous research by scientists from Keil University in Germany monitored Adeli
2、e penguins and noted that the birds heart rates increased dramatically at the sight of a human as far as 30 meters away. But new research using an artificial egg, which is equipped to measure heart rates, disputes this. Scientists from the Scott Polar Research Institute at Cambridge say that a slow
3、moving human who does not approach the nest too closely, is not viewed as a threat by penguins. The earlier findings have been used to partly explain the 20 per cent drop in populations of certain types of penguins near tourist sites. However, tour operators have continued to insist that their activ
4、ities do not adversely affect wildlife in Antarctica, saying they encourage non-disruptive behavior in tourists, and that the decline in penguin numbers is caused by other factors.Amanda Nimon of the Scott Polar Research Institute spent three southern hemisphere summers at Cuverville Island in Antar
5、ctica studying penguin behavior towards humans. “A nesting penguin will react very differently to a person rapidly and closely approaching the nest,” says Nimon. “First they exhibit large and prolonged heart rate changes and then they often flee the nest leaving it open for predators (掠夺者) to fly in
6、 and remove eggs or chicks.”The artificial egg, specially for the project, monitored both the parent who had been disturbed when the egg was placed in the nest and the other parent as they both took it in turns to guard the nest.However, Boris Culik, who monitored the Adelie penguins, believes that
7、Nimons findings do not invalidate his own research. He points out that species behave differently and Nimons work was with Gentoo penguins. Nimon and her colleagues believe that Culiks research was methodologically flawed because the monitoring of penguins responses needed capturing and restraining
8、the birds and fitting them with beart-rate transmitters. Therefore, argues Nimon, it would not be surprising if they became stressed on seeing a human subsequently. 1. According to the passage, what overall message is presented?A. No firm conclusions are drawn.B. Neither Culiks nor Nimons findings a
9、re of much value.C. Penguin reduction is closed related to tourist behavior.D. Tourists are not responsible for the fall in penguin numbers.2. Which ONE argument of the following is stated in the passage?A. Penguins are harder to research when they have young.B. Tour operators should encourage touri
10、sts to avoid Antarctica.C. Not all penguins behave in the same way.D. Penguins need better protection from tourists.3. What do you notice about the views presented in the passage?A. They are groundless. B. They are factual.C. They are descriptive. D. They are conflicting.69. What does the underlined
11、 word (final line) probably mean?A. later on B. carmly C. separately D. in the same place【参考答案】14、ACDA阅读理解课堂练学案Passage Eleven (Superconducting Materials)The stone age, The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to t
12、he age of superstuff. Material science - once the least sexy technology is bursting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture: from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth, the world w
13、ill someday be made of different stuff. Exotic plastics, glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.The key to the new materials is researchers increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics, for example, hav
14、e long been limited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it, scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel. A firm called Kyocera has created
15、 a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode.A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges, ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used
16、 in electric guitars, touch sensors for robot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter, which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape, has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some pla
17、stic six-pack rings for example, gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight. Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass. Besides, composites plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible a
18、nd have even been proved in combat: a helmet saved an infantrymans life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 1
19、00 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.But new materials have no impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determi
20、ne the success or failure of a country in the near future.1.How many new materials are mentioned in this passage?A TwoThreeC FourD Five2.Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?A To compare them with the new materials.To show the significance of the new materials on the
21、future world.C To compare the new materials to them.D To explain his view point.3.Why is transition difficult?A Because transition requires money and time.Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.C Because research on new materials is very difficult.DBecause it takes 10 yea
22、rs.4.Where lies success of a country in the New Age of superstuff?A It lies in research.It lies in investment.C It lies in innovation.D It lies in application.Vocabulary1.superstuff 超级材料2.superconducting ceramic 超导陶瓷3.exotic 神奇的4.shape 塑造，成型5.brittleness 脆性6.polymer 聚合体7.karate jacket 空手道外衣8.touch s
23、ensor 触及传感器9.each punch and chop 每一个击、打10.blot 玷污，损害风景的东西11.tinker 修补，调整12.amendable 服从于，遵循的13.biodegradable 能生物递减分解的14.six-pack rings 放六个罐子的环状物15.decompose 分解16.recyclable 可循环（使用的）17.infantryman 步兵18.deflect 使偏斜，使转向19.a new twist 一个新的观点，方法难句译注1.Material science once the least sexy technology is bur
24、sting with new, practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics.【参考译文】材料科学，一度曾是最无吸引力（最不起眼）的技术，正以崭新的 ，以超导陶瓷为首的种种实用性发明绽开新颜。这种超导陶瓷可能会使电子技术彻底改变。2.Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cables that carry telephone calls cr
25、oss-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.【参考译文】有些高级材料是带有新方法的老标准。最新全国电话的光纤电缆由玻璃制成。这种玻璃透明度极高，一片100英里厚的玻璃比一块标准的窗框玻璃还要清晰透明。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇介绍“超导材料”的论说文,采用一般到具体的分类写作手法。先指出未来时代的材料属于超导，然后再提出三种超导材料，再逐一说明。答案详解1.B 三种超导材料。答案再第一段最后一句“神奇的塑料、
26、玻璃和陶瓷”。下面各段具体讲这三种材料。第二段讲陶瓷：“新材料之关键在于研究工作者不断提高在分子水平上处理物质的能力。举陶瓷为例，由于它的脆性，长期来应用范围有限。但是通过改善导致脆性的微小缺陷，科学家制造出一种保持原有硬度和抗热性，但坚实得多的陶瓷”。第三段讲塑料。“类似的转折发生在塑料上，高强度的塑料建成了桥梁、溜冰场、直升机的叶轮。一种震动或推动就能发电的新型塑料用于电子吉他上，触及传感塑料用于机械手和空手道外衣上，它能自动记录每次击打。”后面谈及塑料垃圾可以处理，或者制造可分解还原的塑料制品。塑料内加入其他化合物加强性能。第四段讲有些高级材料由新的改变，最新的光纤电缆由玻璃制成，透明度
27、极高，100英里厚的一块其清晰度比一块普通窗玻璃还高。2.B 说明这种新材料对未来世界的意义。答案在第一段：“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷一定会象生物工程和计算机一样将改变世界。”A. 把它们和新材料相比较，这里不仅仅是比较，而是说明三者都具同样的作用改变世界。 C. 把新材料比作它们。也不仅仅是比喻比拟。 与A一样没有说到核心电。D. 说明他的观点。太笼统。3.A 转折需要钱和时间。见最后一段“可是新材料只有制成产品才有影响，而这个转折可能很困难，因为转折需要长期的研究和投资。可以这么说，在不久的将来，更牢牢地掌握如何把材料转变成商品将决定一个国家之成败。”B. 因为许多制造商不愿改变他们的设备。
28、C. 因为新材料的研究非常困难。 D. 转折要华上十年时间。这三项文内没有涉及。4.D 在超级材料时代已过之成功在于应用。A. 在于研究。B. 在于投资。C. 在于革新。这三项都是应用的部分前提。其中A和B文内提到，C项文内未涉及。阅读理解。In the more and more competitive service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction. Today, customer “delight” is what commpaines are trying to achieve in o
29、rder to keep and increase market share.It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researches, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people; those treated badly will tell their tales of woe to up to 20 people. Interestingly,
30、80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal.New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone calls centers and the Internet.For example，many companies now have to invest (投资)a lot of money in information tech
31、nology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone_rage”caused by delays in answering call，being cut off in midconversation or left waiting for long periods.“Many people do not like talking to machines，”says Dr，Storey，Senior lecturer in Marketing at City University Business School.“Banks ，fo
32、r example，encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them. The aim is to make the customer feel they know you and that you can trust themthe sort of comfortable feelings people have during facetoface chats with their local branch manager.”Rec
33、ommended ways of creating customer delight include：underpromising and overdelivering (saying that a repair will be carried out within five hours，but getting it done within two) replacing a faulty product immediately；throwing in a gift voucher (购物礼券)as an unexpected “thank you” to regular customers;
34、and always returning calls, even when they are complaints.Aiming for customer delight is all very well，but if services do not reach the high level promised，disappointment or worse will be the result.This can be eased by offering an apology and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual sta
35、ndards with empathy (for example，“I know how you must feel”)，and possible solutions (replacement，compensation or whatever fairness suggests best meets the case)Airlines face some of the toughest challenges over customer care. Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an imp
36、ortant marketing tool，while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems.For British Airways staff，a winning telephone style is considered vital in handling the large volume of calls about bookings and flight times.They are train
37、ed to answer quickly, with their name，job title and a “we are here to help”attitude.The company has invested heavily in information technology to make sure that information is available instantly on screen.British Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the company and staff
38、are taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service.Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as “we do as we please”On the other hand，the more customers are promised，the greater the risk of disappointment.本文阐
39、述了顾客的满意度对企业发展的重要作用。11We can learn from Paragraph 2 that _.Acomplaining customers are hard to satisfyBunsatisfied customers receive better serviceCsatisfied customers catch more attentionDwelltreated customers promote business答案：D。推理判断题。A抱怨中的顾客难以令其满意；B不满意的顾客得到更好的服务；C满意的顾客得到更多的注意；D良好的对待顾客促进企业的发展。根据信息句
40、“It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researches, that customers receiving good service will promote business”可以看出D项正确。12The writer mentions“phone rage”(Paragraph 3)to show that_.Acustomers often use phones to express their anger Bpeople still prefer to buy goods on
41、lineCcustomer care becomes more demandingDcustomers rely on their phones to obtain services答案：C。细节理解题。A顾客常常用电话表达自己的愤怒；B人们依然偏爱网上购物；C客户关注更加成为人们的关注；D顾客靠电话得到服务。根据本段首句“New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet”可知C项
42、正确。13What does the writer recommend to create customer delight?ACalling customers regularly.BGiving a “thank you” note.CDelivering a quicker service.DPromising more gifts.答案：C。细节理解题。A定期给顾客打电话；B给“感谢”便条；C给予快捷服务；D许诺更多的礼物。根据文中信息“saying that a repair will be carried out within five hours ，but getting it
43、done within two”和“replacing a faulty product immediately”可知C项正确，其他三项曲解了文意。14If a manager should show his empathy (Paragraph 6)，what would he probably say?A“I know how upset you must be.”B“I appreciate your understanding.”C“Im sorry for the delay.”D“I know its our fault.”答案：A。词义猜测题。A我知道你准是很难过；B我很感激你的
44、理解；C很抱歉，耽误您了；D我知道，这是我们的错。根据其后信息句“for example，I know how you must feel”可知A项正确。15Customer delight is important for airlines because _.Atheir telephone style remains unchangedBthey are more likely to meet with complaints Cthe services cost them a lot of moneyDthe policies can be applied to their staff答
45、案：B。推理判断题。A他们的电话样式没变；B他们很有可能遇到投诉；C这些服务花费了他们很多钱；D这些政策可以应用到职员身上。根据文中信息“.delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather ，unclaimed luggage and technical problems”推理可知，航空公司很有可能因为恶劣天气、行李主人不明以及技术等问题导致耽误顾客，以及被投诉，此时使顾客满意是
46、很重要的市场手段。16Which of the following is conveyed in this article?AFacetoface service creates comfortable feelings among customers.BCompanies that promise more will naturally attract more customers.CA company should promise less but do more in a competitive market.DCustomer delight is more important for airlines than for banks.答案：C。事实理解题。A面对面的服务创造顾客中舒适的感觉；B承诺更多的公司自然吸引更多的顾客；C在激烈的市场竞争中，公司应该少承诺，多做实事；D顾客满意度对于航空公司来说比银行更重要。通读全文不难排除A、B、D三项，根据最后一段可知C项正确。- 10 - 版权所有高考资源网
