1、Unit 3 Celebrations Lesson 1 Spring FestivalGrammar教学设计科目：英语 课题：Lesson1 课时：1课时教学目标与核心素养：知识目标：To learn about and practise the passive voice能力目标：To understand and grasp the passive voice教学重难点Students might not have experience with the passive voice.课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔教学过程：一、Pre-class1. Greeting2. Leading-i
2、n学生活动：要求学生标出下面几个句子的被动语态结构并要求学生在文章中找出更多类似句子。1). The house was cleaned from top to bottom.2). It is believed that when Fu is put outside down, happiness arrives.3). Train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.4). The spirit of the festivalthe spirit of familyhas largely been kept.活
3、动目的：引出要讲的教学内容，让学生们对被动语态有一个大致回忆的过程，为下面的教学奠定基础。二、 While-class 1. 教师活动：讲解什么是被动语态，被动语态的构成等内容。一、基本知识(一) 概念语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。(二) 构成被动语态一般由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。(三) 用法1讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者。(这时可省略by短语)My bike was stolen las
4、t night.我的自行车昨晚被偷了。2借助被动的动作突出动作的受动者。The bike was knocked down by a naughty boy.这辆自行车被一个调皮的小男孩撞倒了。3为使句子更加合理、流畅。The plan was supported by those who wished to live on the campus.这计划得到希望住在校内的人的支持。4习惯用法的需要。这类词常见的有born，determine，devote，seat，dress，situate等。He was born in China in 2017.他于2017年出生在中国。二、形式时态名称
5、被动语态形式一般现在时am/is/are过去分词一般过去时was/were过去分词一般将来时will/shallbe过去分词过去将来时wouldbe过去分词现在进行时am/is/arebeing过去分词过去进行时was/werebeing过去分词现在完成时have/hasbeen过去分词过去完成时hadbeen过去分词The boy is often heard to play the piano.人们经常听到这个男孩弹钢琴。(一般现在时)She was seen to enter the hall.有人看见她进了大厅。(一般过去时)A new house will be built by u
6、s next year.明年我们要建一栋新房子。(一般将来时)The problem is being discussed at the meeting.会议上正在讨论这个问题。(现在进行时)A meeting was being held when I was there.我到那儿时，正在开会。(过去进行时)All these flowers have been watered.这些花都浇过了。(现在完成时)The building had been completed before I arrived.在我去之前那座建筑就已竣工了。(过去完成时)These books may be kep
7、t for two weeks.这些书可以借两周。(含情态动词)注意：被动语态中的be动词有时可用get来代替。“get过去分词”一般用来谈论突然发生的事件，只表示动作，不表示状态。She got hurt on her way back home.她在回家的路上受伤了。三、被动语态的注意事项1以主动形式表被动意义的动词(1)表示状态特征的系动词，如look，sound，feel，smell，taste，prove不用于被动语态，其后接形容词或名词构成系表结构，表示被动含义。The food tastes delicious.这食物味道鲜美。The cotton feels soft.棉花摸上
8、去很软。(2)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如open，shut，lock，sell，write，wash习惯上以主动形式表示被动含义。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。This kind of cloth washes well.这种布好洗。The engine wont start.引擎发动不起来。(3)need，want，require作谓语，其主语为物时，动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。The plan required discussing.这项计划需要讨论。2不用被动语态的几种情况(1)不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，常见的有：appear，die，disappe
9、ar，rise，end，fail，happen，last，lie，remain，sit，spread，stand，break out，come true，fall asleep，lose heart，take place等。The price has risen.价格升高了。The accident happened last week.事故是上周发生的。注意：要想正确地使用被动语态，就需注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。(2)有些及物动词和及物动词短语不能用于被动语态，常见的有：fit，have，hold，mar
10、ry，own，wish，cost，notice，watch，agree with，arrive at/in，shake hands with，succeed in，suffer from，happen to，take part in，walk into，belong to。This key just fits the lock.这把钥匙适合这把锁。Your story agrees with what he heard.你的故事与他听到的相符。活动目的：让学生理解并掌握被动语态。2学生活动：Choose a proper option for each situation. Explain w
11、hy.1). My friend George draws landscape pictures. a He sells them for money. b They are sold by him for money.2). Theres somebody behind us. a I think we re being followed. b I think someone is following us.3). This orange juice tastes awful. a I think someone has left it outside the fridge for a lo
12、ng time.b I think its been left outside the fridge for a long time.4).Tommy takes good care of his car. a He washes the car every week. b The car is washed by him every week.5 The old lady rented an old house. a Somebody built it in 1900. b It was built in 1900.活动目的：检测学生们对本堂课的掌握程度。 三、After-class学生活动
13、：Read the news report. Rewrite the underlined sections in passive voice.(1) The Lantern Show in Datong, a historic city in northern China, is attracting tens ofthousands of visitors during the Spring Festival holiday. The Lantern Show exhibits over 60 series of lanterns, among which 12 are ice lante
14、rns.(2) People mix traditional lanterns with ice lanterns to create a special and happy atmosphere. The show usually starts from the fifth day of Spring Festival. Besides the Lantern Show, people can also enjoy many other activities, including traditional operas and lantern riddle guessing games.(3)
15、 Last year, the government rebuilt the ancient walls in this city and (4) this year, the government organised the Lantern Show under the ancient walls for the first time. The newly built ancient walls have new become a calling card for the city.Officials say that over 80,000 people visited the show on the first day. (5) They expect more people to visit in the coming days. The Lantern Show ends on 16 February.活动目的：检测学生们对本堂课的掌握程度。四、Summary 总结课上所学。作业布置。
