1、高二年级学情调查考试英语试题第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man offer the woman?A. A card.B. Coins.C. A note.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Can you change a five-pound note? I left my card at home and
2、 I need to use the ticket machine.M: The machine takes coins. I can give you enough for the price of a ticket.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the man prefer to travel?A. On foot.B. By subway.C. By bus.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Buses leave every half an hour, but the subway trains leave every fifteen minutes. It
3、s a five-minute walk to the nearest subway station, but its still the fastest way.M: Thats all right. Im not in a hurry. Id rather take the bus.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the woman feel about her time abroad?A. She is ready for it to end.B. She is proud of the accomplishment.C. She cant wait for
4、another similar opportunity.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: I never thought Id live abroad, but I couldnt pass up this opportunity. I feel a real sense of accomplishment now.W: Thats wonderful. I really miss my home, though. I cant wait to get back there, actually.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where are the speakers?A. In a
5、 living room.B. In a classroom.C. In a garage.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: What a mess! There are papers everywhere. We need to keep our living room tidy.W: Sorry, Dad. I thought you were in the garage. I was just trying to organize my college work.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why wont the woman go skiing recently?A. Sh
6、e hurt her arm.B. She wants to rest her injury.C. She needs to practice playing baseball.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Would you like to go skiing with me this weekend?W: No. I hurt my knee when I was skiing last month. M: When I hurt my arm, the doctor said that I could still play baseball.W: Yes, but I just wan
7、t to rest my knee to make sure it recovers soon.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What meat is the woman eating now?A. Beef.B. Chicken.C. Fish.7. What does the wom
8、an want to do?A. Lose weight.B. Try different foods.C. Run in a competition.【答案】6. B 7. A【解析】【原文】W: Im trying a new workout and diet. Ive increased my running and only eat chicken.M: So you dont eat beef or fish?W: No, I dont. Just chicken. And Im only drinking water.M: So you cant have coffee or ju
9、ice?W: It is meant to clean my body. I know it sounds awful.M: It does not sound enjoyable. I like different foods for different tastes.W: So do I, but if I want to lose weight, I shouldnt try different things. M: Then I will try and support you with it by not eating beef.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频
10、，请去附件查看】8. What does the man think of the medicine?A. It can treat illness.B. It is useless.C. It needs testing.9 Who does the man say is most responsible for the problem?A. The hunters.B. The government.C. The customers.【答案】8. B 9. C【解析】【原文】W: Id never heard of this creature before I came to China.
11、 Its skin seems to be made up of hard pieces.M: Some think those pieces can be used as medicine, so they kill the creatures to get them.W: Does it work?M: No, it is useless but that doesnt stop them.W: Has it been tested?M: Of course. And these creatures are very rare. These horrible people are thre
12、atening them with extinction.W: Is no one protecting the creatures?M: The government does all it can. The hunters are bad, but the ones to blame most are the people who buy this so-called medicine. They know nothing and are killing the creatures indirectly.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. How
13、old is the man?A. 55 years old.B. 60 years old.C. 65 years old.11. Which month is it now?A. March.B. April.C. December.12. What is the man doing?A. Moving to a new place.B. Planning a birthday party.C. Filling out a form.【答案】10. B 11. B 12. C【解析】【原文】W: Excuse me, sir. Do you need help filling out th
14、at form?M: Yes, its a little confusing for me because there are so many questions.W: Lets see Are you over the age of 65? M: No, Im 60. W: Then Section C and Section D dont apply to you. You can skip right from B to E.M: Very good. What about Section F? It asks if I have recently moved. Well, I move
15、d in December of last year. Its April now. Does that count as recent? W: No. What they mean is within the last month only. It looks like you only need to finish Section B and then sign your name in Section G. M: Well, thank you. That was less troublesome than I thought it would be!W: Youre welcome.
16、When youre finished with the form, Ill take care of it right away.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Tour guide and tourist.C. Teacher and student.14. What mistake did the woman make?A. She got the mans names in the wrong order.B. Sh
17、e didnt know the mans name.C. She didnt tell the man her name.15. Where does the man live now?A. In a hotel.B. In his apartment.C. In the womans house.16. What impressed the man in the park?A. Huge statues.B. The beautiful scenery.C. People dancing in public.【答案】13. A 14. A 15. C 16. C【解析】【原文】W: How
18、 are you enjoying China so far, Johnson?M: Its Tom. Johnson is my family name. It is the other way around in China. W: Sorry, Tom. I always forget that. You may find that your other colleagues do the same. We are not used to having a Western man around.M: No problem. I understand. And its very nice
19、of you to let me stay with your family. W: You are welcome. I am sorry your apartment was not ready for you. I think they had a problem with the water supply.M: Thats OK. This is a nice introduction to China for me.W: Tomorrow when you have rested, I will give you a tour of the city. We dont have to
20、 go to the office until Monday.M: Thats great. I had a short walk this afternoon in the park.W: Oh, what did you see?M: Lots of trees, flowers, statues And there were people dancing together. I loved that. It would never happen in England. W: Why not?M: I suppose were too shy.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关
21、音频，请去附件查看】17. What is Venice most famous for?A. Its history.B. Its economy.C. Its scenery.18. What was the highest flood water level in more than 50 years?A. 80 centimeters.B. 154 centimeters.C. 187 centimeters.19. How many tourists go to Venice every year?A. About 50 thousand.B. About 20 million.C.
22、 About 80 million.20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. A disaster.B. An accident.C. A mistake.【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A【解析】【原文】Venice was hit by a flood with a new high water of 154 centimeters, giving residents no break from a crisis. It made Italy suffer a loss of millions of euros. S
23、t Marks Square, the world-famous attraction for tourists, has been closed and schools have been shut for a third day. Venice is most well-known for its history and canals. But water buses were not running, either. The 187 centimeters high water on Tuesday was the highest level in more than 50 years,
24、 damaging hotels, shops and homes. More than 80 percent of the city was flooded. Residents with flood-damaged homes got 5000 euros and businesses got 20,000 euros in aid. “It hurts to see the city so damaged,” Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte said. The city has about 50 thousand residents, but about 20
25、 million tourists visit every year. Hotels were forced to cancel reservations as photos of Venice underwater spread across the world. There are fears that global warming is increasing the frequency and severity of such floods.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选
26、项。ASix annoying “facts” people have to finally stop believing in1. Walt Disney did not create Mickey Mouse.His close friend and collaborator Ub Iwerks did, though he was “denied credit” for creating this major piece of pop culture history. Iwerks came up with the character in 1928.2. Albert Einstein
27、 never flunked a math class as a child. When the adult Einstein was shown a newspaper article claiming he had, he replied, “Before I was 15, I had mastered differential and integral calculus (微积分).” While Einstein achieved high grades throughout his childhood education, he “hated the strict protocol
28、s followed by teachers and rote learning demanded of students” at the schools he attended.3. Napoleon Bonaparte was not short. Despite the fact that his name has become synonymous with “angry short man” Napoleon Bonaparte was actually of average height for the time period in which he lived. His cont
29、emporaries described him as being 52, but the French measured height differently back in the day, so he was actually around 55. That made him just “an inch or so below the periods average adult male height.”4. Isaac Newton didnt discover gravity because an apple struck him on the head. Rather, he wi
30、tnessed an apple falling and wondered why objects always fall down instead of up or sideways, a thought that inspired his Law of Universal Gravitation.5. Bats are not blind. No, bats are not blind. Bats have small eyes with very sensitive vision, which helps them see in conditions we might consider
31、pitch black. They dont have the sharp and colorful vision humans have, but they dont need that.6. Black holes. Not really “holes,” but rather hugely dense objects with massive gravitational pull.21. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Unable to achieve high grades a
32、t school, Einstein hated the rigid rules.B. Bats have small eyes but with the same sharp and colorful vision as humans.C. Newton discovered gravity out of curiosity but by accident.D. Black holes are huge objects with massive gravitational push.22. The text is written here in order to_.A. present so
33、me common beliefsB. clarify some popular mythsC. relate some interesting storiesD. list some historical facts23. Which section of a magazine may this text be found in?A. Entertainment.B. History.C. Education.D. Popular science.【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们最终不得不停止相信的六个令人讨厌的“事实”。【21题详解】
34、细节理解题。由第四段“Rather, he witnessed an apple falling and wondered why objects always fall down instead of up or sideways, a thought that inspired his Law of Universal Gravitation. (相反，他目睹了一个苹果掉落，并想知道为什么物体总是掉落而不是向上或侧向掉落，这一想法启发了他的万有引力定律)”可知，牛顿看到苹果掉落，出于好奇才发现了引力，这是纯属偶然的事件。故选C项。【22题详解】推理判断题。由标题“Six annoying
35、“facts” people have to finally stop believing in (人们最终不得不停止相信六个令人讨厌的“事实”)”和下文澄清的六个事实可知，本文主要是为了向读者澄清一些流行的不真实的事。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。由标题“Six annoying “facts” people have to finally stop believing in (人们最终不得不停止相信六个令人讨厌的“事实”)”和下文澄清的六个事实可知，本文主要是为了向读者澄清一些流行的不真实的事，更正观念，属于科普事实。由此一种，本文可能在杂志的“科普”部分被找到。故选D项。BWe a
36、ll know that a healthy life means getting both plenty of exercise and enough good-quality sleep, but reality often gets in the way. The new research indicates that doing enough exercise could make up for some of the unhealthy impacts of bad sleep. While the health benefits of exercise and sleep are
37、nothing new, its the relationship between them that is interesting in this particular study it could even give doctors another option to suggest for patients dealing with sleep problems.“We found those who had both the poorest sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from
38、 heart disease, stroke, and cancer,” says epidemiologist Bo-Huei Huang, from the University of Sydney in Australia. Participants were grouped into three levels of physical activity (high, medium or low) and were also given a sleep quality score from 0-5 based on the amount of shut-eye they got, how
39、late they stayed up, insomnia, snoring and daytime sleepiness.Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didnt meet the WHO recommended guidelines for exercise. That risk went down for people with poor qua
40、lity sleep but who did meet the exercise guidelines.In the case of all forms of cancer, for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active. However, that risk just a
41、bout disappeared for those who didnt score well on sleep but did score well on physical activity.For now its not clear why more exercise might make up for poor sleep, as far as our health goes. It could be that the increased activity is counteracting inflammation (炎症), or reducing irregularities in
42、glucose metabolism, suggest the researchers.“Considering that physical activity is perhaps more modifiable than sleep, our study offers people more health incentives to be physically active.” says population health researcher Emmanuel Stamatakis, from the University of Sydney.24. This research is of
43、 particular interest in that _.A. its in this study that exercise is known to be beneficial to sleep.B. this study offers people more health treatments to be physical active.C. it could enable doctors to cure patients of their sleeping condition.D. the relationship between exercise and sleep is upda
44、ted in this study.25. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Those who had the poorest sleep quality were most at risk of death from heart disease.B. Those scoring lowest on sleep and exercise scale were more likely to die from cancer.C. Theres no risk of cancer for th
45、ose who didnt sleep well but did score well on physical activity.D. Its evident that in terms of health more exercise could make up for poor sleep.26. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean?A. interactingB. increasingC. preventingD. causing27. Where can this passage most probably be taken
46、 from?A. A research findings reportB. A medical examination reportC. A poor sleep study reportD. A physical activity study report【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。本文介绍了一项关于锻炼和睡眠与健康之间的关系的研究，研究发现睡眠质量最差且很少锻炼的人死于心脏病、中风和癌症的机率比睡眠质量好且经常锻炼的人高45%，但对于一个睡眠质量不高但经常锻炼的人，这种风险差异几乎就消失了。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Whi
47、le the health benefits of exercise and sleep are nothing new, its the relationship between them that is interesting in this particular study.(虽然锻炼和睡眠对健康的好处并不是什么新鲜事，但在这项特别的研究中，它们之间的关系才是有趣的)”可知，这项研究想弄清楚锻炼和睡眠与健康之间的关系，希望通过研究有新的发现，这也是这项研究的关注点所在。故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“We found those who had both the poor
48、est sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from heart disease, stroke, and cancer(我们发现，那些睡眠质量最差和锻炼最少的人死于心脏病、中风和癌症的风险最大)”可知，睡眠质量最差和锻炼最少的人更可能死于心脏病、中风和癌症。故选B项。【26题详解】词义猜测题。根据第六段“For now its not clear why more exercise might make up for poor sleep(目前还不清楚为什么更多的运动可以弥补睡眠不足)”可知
49、，运动量的增加可以弥补睡眠不足带来的不良影响，下文“It could be that the increased activity is counteracting inflammation (炎症), or reducing irregularities in glucose metabolism, suggest the researchers.(研究人员指出，可能是运动量的增加counteracting炎症，或减少葡萄糖代谢中的不当行为) ”中在试图解释为什么运动量的增加可以产生正向的作用，那么“the increased activity is counteracting inflam
50、mation (炎症)”中划线词应该是“阻止、阻碍”，即运动量的增加可以阻止炎症的发生，C项preventing表示“阻止，预防”，符合句意。故选C项。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项关于锻炼和睡眠与健康之间的关系的研究，并介绍了研究的结论：睡眠质量最差且很少锻炼的人死于心脏病、中风和癌症的机率比睡眠质量好且经常锻炼的人高45%，但对于一个睡眠质量不高但经常锻炼的人来说，这种风险差异几乎就消失了，由此推知，本文选自研究结论报告。故选A项。CA growing body of research is revealing associations between birth
51、defects (缺陷) and a fathers age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center. They say these defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.The study, published in the American Journal of Stem Cells, suggest b
52、oth parents contribute to the health status of their offspring a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrate, says the studys senior investigator, Joanna Kitlinska, PhD, an associate professor in biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology.“We know the nutritional
53、, hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure, cellular response and gene expression in her offspring,” she says.“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers his lifestyle, and how old he is, can be reflected in molecules that c
54、ontrol gene function,” she says. “In this way, a father can affect not only his immediate offspring, but future generations as well.”For example, a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal (胎儿的) alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), even though the mother has never consumed alcohol, Kitlinska says. “Up to 75
55、 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring.”Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of certain diseases, and birth defects in his children. A limited diet
56、during a fathers preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. Paternal obesity is linked to enlarged fat cells, changes in metabolic regulation, diabetes, obesity and development of brain cancer. Psychosocial stress on the father is linked
57、 to defective behavioral traits in his offspring. And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight, marked reduction in overall brain size and impaired cognitive function.“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendation
58、s and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”28. Whats the message the writer conveys in the passage?A. Both parents co
59、ntribute to the health status of their offspring.B. Fathers age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects.C. Father plays a more critical role in birth defects.D. Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations.29. What can we infer from the example in Paragraph 5?A. FASD can only be diagnos
60、ed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol.B. A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol.C. A fathers lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring.D. Most children have biological fathers who are alcoholics.30. Which of the following situations is less likely
61、 to lead to childrens birth defects?A. Having a father with a limited diet.B. Having a father who is an alcoholic.C. Having an overweight father.D. Having a father with psychosocial stress.31. What will the research probably continue to focus on in the part that follows?A. The maternal epigenetic in
62、fluences of a child.B. The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.C. The clinical application of the research findings.D. The interaction between maternal and paternal effects.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，研究表明父亲的年龄、饮酒和环境因素与孩童的出生缺陷相关。【28题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“A growin
63、g body of research is revealing associations between birth defects (缺陷) and a fathers age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center. (乔治敦大学医学中心的研究人员说，越来越多的研究正在揭示出生缺陷与父亲年龄、饮酒和环境因素之间的联系)”可知，父亲的年龄和生活方式与出生缺陷有关。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。由第五段中的“Up to 75 percen
64、t of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring. (高达75%的FASD儿童的亲生父亲都是酗酒者，这表明概念上的父亲饮酒会对他们的后代产生负面影响)”可知，父亲饮酒会对他们的后代产生负面影响，说明父亲的生活方式会对后代产生负面影响。故选C项。【30题详解】细节理解题。由第六段中的“A limited diet during
65、 a fathers preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. (如果父亲在青春期之前限制饮食，那么子孙后代心血管死亡的风险就会大大降低)”可知，限制饮食的父亲，其子孙心血管死亡风险降低，这不太可能导致儿童出生缺陷。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinica
66、lly applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”(Kitlinska在新闻发布会上说：“我们建议将父亲影响表观遗传的新发现应用于临床，而父
67、亲也应该相应地改变他们的生活方式。为了能真正理解表观遗传对孩子的影响，我们需要了解母亲和父亲对孩子的相互作用，而不能将父母双方对孩子的影响分开考虑。”)”可知，作者认为要真正理解表观遗传对孩子的影响，我们需要了解母亲和父亲对孩子的相互作用。由此推知，文章接下来会研究母亲和父亲效应之间的相互作用。故选D项。DIvy League schools are considered to be the most prestigious of all colleges in the United States. These schools are primarily located in the Nort
68、heastern part of the country. There are eight total colleges that are considered to be Ivy League. These schools are Brown, Harvard, Cornell, Princeton, Dartmouth, Yale, and Columbia universities and the University of Pennsylvania. Of all institutions of higher learning, these elite schools are cons
69、idered to be the most outstanding and the most sought-after in terms of acceptance and graduation.The term “Ivy League” came about in 1954 when the NCAA athletic conference for Division I was formed. At the time, the elitism of these schools was really due to their prestige in the realm of sports li
70、ke basketball. Although the term “Ivy League” was not created until the 1950s, many of these schools were in existence as far back as 1636, when John Harvard became the first benefactor of Harvard University. Although this group of elite schools is considered to be part of one big league of the elit
71、e, there have been plenty of internal rivalries over the years. The sports that these colleges play were so popular that some teams began playing games in New York City so spectators could come from far away and watch the games. The popularity of both the athletes who played and the college team riv
72、alries brought in a good deal of attention to the schools as well as revenue from ticket sales. There have also been academic rivalries between schools. Mostly, these rivalries are a matter of opinion in terms of which school has the most honor graduates, which schools offer the most prestigious sch
73、olarships, and what famous graduates have come from each school.Each Ivy League college has its own unique accomplishments that make it important. All carry a certain reputation with them, and each school has programs that excel primarily in the medical and law fields, making them some of the most s
74、ought-after schools in the world. Their admission process is very selective, which helps the schools ensure that they only accept the best and brightest. Many famous people have graduated from Ivy League schools, including recent presidents George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama. This presti
75、ge leads many to believe that these colleges are only for the wealthy and elite. Often, companies look for Ivy League graduates as potential employees, usually preferred by law firms, medical facilities, and large corporations. It has long been coveted to have earned a degree from an Ivy League scho
76、ol. Today, the Ivy League schools are still excellent in both academia and in sports, and they have left a legacy of higher education with an exceptional track record and reputation to go along with them.32. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Ivy League schools wer
77、e initially famous for their reputation in sports.B. Ivy League schools didnt come into existence until the 1950s.C. Ivy League schools do not compete with each other within the league.D. Ivy League schools are most popular for their excellence in the medical and law fields.33. Which of the followin
78、g aspects is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The history of the Ivy LeagueB. The rivalry of the Ivy LeagueC. The accomplishments and cultural impacts of the Ivy LeagueD. The future development of the Ivy League34. Why do many people believe that Ivy League colleges are only for the wealthy and elite
79、?A. Because they are the most sought-after schools in the world.B. Because they have selective admission process to help ensure the quality of their students.C. Because many famous people have graduated from Ivy League schools.D. Because many companies look for Ivy League graduates as potential empl
80、oyees.35. What does the underlined word “coveted” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. advocatedB. desiredC. restrictedD. sponsored【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了常青藤联盟大学的组成，历史由来，以及成就和文化影响。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第三段“The popularity of both the athletes who played and the college team rival
81、ries brought in a good deal of attention to the schools as well as revenue from ticket sales.”(比赛的运动员和大学队的竞争的名声给这些学校带来了大量的关注也带来了门票销售的收入)可知，常青藤大学最初有名是因为它们在体育上的名声，与选项A符合，故选A。2.细节理解题。根据第二段“The term “Ivy League” came about in 1954 when the NCAA athletic conference for Division I was formed.”(这个术语“常青藤联盟”
82、是在1954年全美大学生体育协会第一分会成立的时候出现的。）可知，这是讲常青藤联盟的历史。与A符合。根据第三段“Although this group of elite schools is considered to be part of one big league of the elite, there have been plenty of internal rivalries over the years.”(尽管这组精英学校被认为是精英大联盟的一部分，但是这些年来也有许多内部竞争。)可知，这是讲常青藤联盟的竞争。与B符合。根据最后一段“Each Ivy League college
83、 has its own unique accomplishments that make it important.Today, the Ivy League schools are still excellent in both academia and in sports, and they have left a legacy of higher education with an exceptional track record and reputation to go along with them.”(每一个常青藤大学都有自己独一无二的使自己很重要的成就.如今，常青藤联盟学校依旧
84、是在学术和运动方面很优秀。且它们已经留下高等教育的财产，拥有出色的业绩记录和荣誉。)可知，这是讲常青藤联盟的成就和文化影响，与C符合。所以D选项“The future development of the Ivy League”(常青藤联盟的未来发展)没有提到，故选D。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Many famous people have graduated from Ivy League schools, including recent presidents George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama. This prestige l
85、eads many to believe that these colleges are only for the wealthy and elite. ”(许多名人已经从常青藤联盟学校毕业，包括近期的总统George W. Bush，Bill Clinton，和 Barack Obama。这种名声使许多人认为这些大学只是让有钱人和精英来上的)可知，许多人认为常青藤联盟大学只是让有钱人和精英来上的，是因为许多名人从这些学校毕业，故选C。4.词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Often, companies look for Ivy League graduates as potential emplo
86、yees, usually preferred by law firms, medical facilities, and large corporations. It has long been coveted to have earned a degree from an Ivy League school.”(经常，公司寻找常青藤联盟大学毕业生作为未来的员工。毕业生常常喜欢法律公司，医疗设施公司和大公司。长久以来，人们都coveted能够获得常春藤联盟大学的学位。)可知，常青藤大学毕业的学生能找到很好的工作，因此人们都渴望获得常青藤的学位。由此可知，划线单词表示“渴望”，与选项B“des
87、ired”（想要；渴望）符合。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mindless Eating :You may also be a mindless eater!Every one of us has moments of mindless eating. For example, you may unintentionally munch through a whole bag of chips while watching TV. _36_ People tend to reach o
88、ut for food as an easily available when they are upset, bored or stressful. However, when we consume various snacks mechanically, we end up feeling more unhappy and even guilty.Mindful eating: enjoy your food!_37_It means paying attention to the present moment with curiosity, openness as well as kin
89、dness. It means being present with your food and eating process with all your consciousness and awareness.Before eating, you should assess whether you are hungry or not. Ask yourself honestly: Am I truly physically hungry or do I just want to use food as a way to escape the unwanted feelings hidden
90、in the depth of my heart? If it is so, what are they? Boredom, depression, stress or fear? _38_You should eat only when you are hungry.During the eating process, you should eat slowly without distractions of any kind. Dont watch TV or be glued to your cell phone screens._39_Chew and savor each and e
91、very bite and fully appreciate this moment.It is also very important that you should never lose track of your feelings: feel the decrease in hunger and increase in fullness of your stomach. About halfway through the meal, you need to check in with yourself and ask the question: Am I satisfied? Do I
92、need to keep eating? Stop when you are satisfied and no longer hungry. _40_Start practice mindful eating now and you will benefit a lot from it!A. Always remember those negative emotions will never get handled by simply eating food.B. Instead, you should direct all your attention to the food in fron
93、t of you.C. This conscious check-in and honest self-inquiry have proved to be effective in preventing overeating.D. Mindfulness is exactly the opposite of mindlessness.E. You should often keep in mind you must feel your level of hunger.F. However, you should choose those healthier stuff that can ene
94、rgize your body.G. More often than not, we eat not because of hunger but for comfort.【答案】36. G 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以防止无意识进食的方法。【36题详解】根据上文“Every one of us has moments of mindless eating. For example, you may unintentionally munch through a whole bag of chips while watchi
95、ng TV.(我们每个人都有无意识吃东西的时候。例如，你可能会在看电视的时候无意中嚼掉一整袋薯片)”以及后文“People tend to reach out for food as an easily available when they are upset, bored or stressful. However, when we consume various snacks mechanically, we end up feeling more unhappy and even guilty.(当人们心烦意乱、无聊或有压力时，他们往往会伸手去找食物，把它当作一种容易得到的东西。 然而
96、，当我们机械地吃各种零食时，我们最终会感到更不开心，甚至有罪恶感)”可知，上文提到每个人都会无意识吃东西的时候，且进行了举例说明，可知本句承接上文说明原因：吃东西往往不是因为饿，而是为了舒服。故G选项“我们吃东西往往不是因为饿，而是为了舒服”符合语境，故选G。【37题详解】根据标题“Mindful eating: enjoy your food!(用心饮食：享受你的食物)”以及后文“It means paying attention to the present moment with curiosity, openness as well as kindness. It means bein
97、g present with your food and eating process with all your consciousness and awareness.(它意味着用好奇、开放和善良的心态关注当下。这意味着全身心投入到你的食物和进食过程中)”可知，本段的主旨是用心享受食物，后文介绍了其含义，D选项中Mindfulness对应标题中Mindful。故D选项“用心恰恰是无意识的对立面”符合语境，故选D。【38题详解】根据上文“Before eating, you should assess whether you are hungry or not. Ask yourself h
98、onestly: Am I truly physically hungry or do I just want to use food as a way to escape the unwanted feelings hidden in the depth of my heart? If it is so, what are they? Boredom, depression, stress or fear?(在吃饭之前，你应该评估自己是否饿了。 诚实地问自己：我真的饿了吗？或者我只是想用食物来逃避隐藏在我内心深处的不想要的感觉？如果是，它们是什么？无聊、沮丧、压力还是恐惧？)”可知，上文提到
99、了因为无聊、沮丧、压力以及恐惧等消极情绪进行饮食，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明其弊端。故A选项“永远记住，仅仅靠吃东西是无法控制消极情绪的”符合语境，故选A。【39题详解】根据上文“During the eating process, you should eat slowly without distractions of any kind. Dont watch TV or be glued to your cell phone screens.(在吃饭的过程中，你应该慢慢地吃，不要有任何分心的东西。不要看电视或盯着手机屏幕)”可知，上文提到主要在吃饭的时候看电视，可知本句承接上文说
100、明正确做法：把所有的注意力都放在你面前的食物上。故B选项“相反，你应该把所有的注意力都放在你面前的食物上”符合语境，故选B。【40题详解】根据上文“It is also very important that you should never lose track of your feelings: feel the decrease in hunger and increase in fullness of your stomach. About halfway through the meal, you need to check in with yourself and ask the
101、question: Am I satisfied? Do I need to keep eating? Stop when you are satisfied and no longer hungry.(同样重要的是，你永远不应该忘记自己的感觉：感觉饥饿感减少，胃的饱腹感增加。在吃到一半的时候，你需要检查一下自己，问自己一个问题：我满足了吗？我还需要继续吃吗：当你吃饱不再饿的时候就停下来)”可知，上文举出了一系列自我检查的问题，本句承接上文说明其作用：预防暴饮暴食。故C选项“这种有意识的检查和诚实的自我询问已经被证明是预防暴饮暴食的有效方法”符合语境，故选C。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分3
102、0分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Chad is an English Lop Rabbit who believes he is a dog. He eats from dog bowls, sleeps in the dogs bed, and _41_us around like a dog. _42_, his best friend is our dog, Jeannie. Funnily enough, Jeannie loves to run after wild rabbits bu
103、t she never _43_ Chad. When we let them out in the yard together, they each do their own thing at first. But _44_, Jeannie will come back to find a spot in the shade, and Chad will lie next to her.On one _45_, Chad and Jeannies friendship had _46_ consequences. Chad was jumping around the grass in t
104、he backyard one afternoon _47_ my parents visited with their dog, Bradley. Since Chads best friend is a dog, he had no _48_ of hopping over to pound Bradley to say hello. But Bradley _49_by grabbing him by the face and shaking him. Jeannie ran across the yard and chased Bradley away, but by the time
105、 we got to Chad, he was lying on the grass with blood pouring from his mouth. We _50_ our beloved rabbit to the vet. Chad had a broken jaw and a low chance of _51_. We gave antibiotics (抗生素) to him for weeks,_52_he would be completely well. Jeannie was his watchful _53_ the entire time. Shed stand n
106、ext to us and wag her tail while we sat down with Chad to feed him. He did eventually _54_fully, with Jeannie by his side. She was always _55_and so gentle.41. A. barksB. followsC. leadsD. watches42. A. GraduallyB. OccasionallyC. NaturallyD. Originally43. A. chasesB. crashesC. challengesD. confirms4
107、4. A. fortunatelyB. frequentlyC. definitelyD. eventually45. A. situationB. caseC. occasionD. process46. A. time-killingB. life-savingC. peace-lovingD. breath-taking47. A. whileB. asC. untilD. when48. A. desireB. ambitionC. fearD. affection49. A. respondedB. remarkedC. rescuedD. recommended50. A. das
108、hedB. rushedC. ranD. devoted51. A. injuryB. survivalC. deathD. stretch52. A. predictingB. doubtingC. claimingD. hoping53. A. companionB. colleagueC. conductorD. comforter54. A. regretB. reflectC. recoverD. represent55. A. preciousB. protectiveC. professionalD. practical【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45
109、. C 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，查德是一只相信自己是狗的英国罗布兔，罗布兔查德最好的朋友是狗狗珍妮，它们一起生活、玩耍，但有一天作者父母的狗伤害了查德，狗狗珍妮拯救了查德。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从狗碗里吃东西，睡在狗的床上，像狗一样跟着我们。A. barks吠叫；B. follows跟随；C. leads领导；D. watches观看。由上文的“Chad is an English Lop Rabbit who believes he is
110、 a dog. He eats from dog bowls, sleeps in the dogs bed”可知，罗布兔查德认为自己是一只狗，按狗的行为模式行动，狗喜欢跟着人类，那么查德也会像狗一样跟着人。故选B项。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，他最好的朋友是我们的狗珍妮。A. Gradually渐渐地；B. Occasionally偶尔地；C. Naturally理所当然地、自然地；D. Originally原来。由上文的“Chad is an English Lop Rabbit who believes he is a dog. He eats from dog bowl
111、s, sleeps in the dogs bed”可知，罗布兔查德认为自己是一只狗，按狗的行为模式行动，理所当然地他最好的朋友是狗。故选C项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有趣是，珍妮喜欢追野兔，但她从不追查德。A. chases追逐；B. crashes碰撞；C. challenges挑战；D. confirms证实。由上文的“Jeannie loves to run after wild rabbits but”可知，珍妮喜欢追野兔，but表转折，说明她从不追查德。故选A项。【44题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但最终，珍妮会回来在树荫下找个地方，查德会躺在她旁边。A. fort
112、unately幸运地；B. frequently频繁地；C. definitely肯定地；D. eventually最终地。由上文的“When we let them out in the yard together, they each do their own thing at first.”和下文的“Jeannie will come back to find a spot in the shade, and Chad will lie next to her”可知，他们一起在院子时都是各玩各的，但最后会一起在树荫下躺着。故选D项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，查德和珍妮
113、的友谊挽救了生命。A. situation情况；B. case案例；C. occasion场合；D. process过程。由下文语境可知，作者讲述曾经发生的一件事，on one occasion (曾经，有一个时候)。故选C项。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一次，查德和珍妮的友谊挽救了生命。A. time-killing消磨时间的；B. life-saving救命的；C. peace-loving爱好和平的；D. breath-taking令人兴奋的。由下文的“But Bradley _9_by grabbing him by the face and shaking him. J
114、eannie ran across the yard and chased Bradley away”可知，查德被狗Bradley伤害时，珍妮赶跑了Bradley，救了查德的性命。故选B项。【47题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，查德正在后院的草地上蹦蹦跳跳，我父母带着他们的狗Bradley来看我。A. while当时候、然而；B. as因为；C. until直到；D. when当时候。由本处语境可知，此处指“当父母来看我时，查德正在后院的草地上蹦蹦跳跳”，用句型sb. was/were doingwhen did(正在做这时)。故选D项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于查德
115、最好的朋友是一条狗，他不怕跳到Bradley跟前碰撞、打招呼。A. desire欲望；B. ambition志向；C. fear恐惧；D. affection情感。由上文的“Since Chads best friend is a dog”可知，罗布兔查德认为自己是一只狗，他最好的朋友是狗，所以查德不害怕狗Bradley。故选C项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Bradley的回应是抓住他的脸并摇晃他。A. responded回应；B. remarked评论；C. rescued拯救；D. recommended建议。由下文的“by grabbing him by the face
116、and shaking him”可知，查德跳到狗Bradley跟前碰撞、打招呼，Bradley抓住查德的脸并摇晃查德，这是Bradley的回应。故选A项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们赶紧把心爱的兔子送到兽医那里。A. dashed猛冲；B. rushed快速运输、速送；C. ran跑；D. devoted奉献。由上文的“he was lying on the grass with blood pouring from his mouth”和下文的“our beloved rabbit to the vet”可知，查德鲜血淋漓地躺在草地上，可知伤情严重，作者肯定是要快速把查德送到兽
117、医那里治疗。故选B项。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：查德的下巴骨折，生还的机会很低。A. injury伤害；B. survival生存；C. death死亡；D. stretch一段时间。由上文的“he was lying on the grass with blood pouring from his mouth”和“Chad had a broken jaw”可知，查德鲜血淋漓地躺在草地上，下巴骨折，伤情严重，生还机会很低。故选B项。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们给他开了几个星期的抗生素，希望他能完全康复。A. predicting预测；B. doubting怀疑；C.
118、 claiming声称；D. hoping希望。由上文的“a low chance of _11_. We gave antibiotics to him for weeks”可知，查德伤情严重，生还机会很低，开抗生素，是希望查德能好起来。故选D项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍妮一直是他警惕的同伴。A. companion同伴；B. colleague同事；C. conductor导体；D. comforter令人感到安慰的人/事。由上文的“his best friend is our dog, Jeannie”可知，查德和珍妮是好朋友、同伴。故选A项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨
119、析。句意：在珍妮的陪伴下，他终于完全康复了。A. regret后悔；B. reflect反映；C. recover恢复；D. represent代表。由上文的“_12_he would be completely well”可知，此处指查德终于完全康复了。故选C项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她总是很保护人，而且很温柔。A. precious宝贵的；B. protective保护的；C. professional职业的；D. practical实际的。由上文的“But Bradley _9_by grabbing him by the face and shaking him. J
120、eannie ran across the yard and chased Bradley away”可知，查德被狗Bradley伤害时，珍妮赶跑了Bradley，救了查德的性命，说明珍妮很具有保护性。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。One aspect of the COVID-19 pandemic that _56_（keep）us guessing since the early days is why some people who get the virus dont suffer much
121、and others become desperately ill. All the more, while the elderly, someeven centenarians survive, whereas countless younger people, _57_immune systems are supposed to be stronger, have been seriously _58_(affect). So what factors give some people _59_ stronger immune system than others, regardless
122、_60_age? Our immune systems slowly decline as we age. Think of a photo of yourself from ten years ago versus one _61_(take) this afternoon. “You see changes in your face, skin, and hair color,” says Insoo Kang, MD, director of allergy and immunology at the Yale School of Medicine. “It takes time. Sa
123、me process with your immune system.” The difference in the rate of decline between individuals is one of sciences big _62_(mystery). The immune system is complex, but most of us understand the basics. _63_(fortune), we wont always be in a pandemic. But we can use this one to gain an _64_ (understand
124、) of how the immune system changes with age and how we might slow the decline and _65_ (strong) our immune system in the future.【答案】56. has kept 57. whose 58. affected 59. a 60. of 61. taken 62. mysteries 63. Fortunately 64. understanding 65. strengthen【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍研究人员对于人体免疫力变化的研究。【56题详解】考查
125、时态。句意：从早期开始就让我们一直猜测的新冠疫情的一方面原因是因为有些感染病毒的人没有遭受多少痛苦，而其他人却得了重病。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少定语从句的谓语动词，结合后边的时间状语since the early days可知，此处要使用现在完成时，先行词为one aspect 可数名词单数，故填has kept。【57题详解】考查定语从句。句意：更重要的是，老年人甚至是百岁老人幸存下来，而无数免疫系统更强大的年轻人却受到了严重影响。分析句子结构可知，此处使用定语从句，先行词younger people在从句中作定语，使用关系代词whose，故填whose。【58题详解】考查被动语态。句意：
126、同上。分析句子结构可知，younger people与affect之间为被动关系，使用现在完成时的被动语态，使用过去分词affected，故填affected。【59题详解】考查冠词。句意：那么是什么因素给了一些人比其他人更强的免疫系统，不论年龄。分析句子结构可知，名词单数表泛指，此处使用不定冠词，stronger辅音音素开头，要用a，故填a。【60题详解】考查短语。句意：同上。短语regardless of“不管，不顾”故填of。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：想想你自己十年前的照片和今天下午拍的照片对比一下。分析句子结构可知，本句 中已含有谓语动词，此处使用非谓语动词，one指代pho
127、to与take之间为被动关系，要使用过去分词作后置定语。故填taken。【62题详解】考查名词。句意：个体下降速度的差异是科学的一个大谜团之一。前有one of“之一”后加可数名词复数，故填mysteries。【63题详解】考查副词。句意：幸运地是，我们不会总是处于流行病之中。分析句子结构可知，此处需要使用副词作状语修饰整个句子，位于句首注意大写。故填Fortunately。【64题详解】考查名词。句意：但是我们可以利用这来了解免疫系统如何随着年龄的增长而变化，以及未来我们可能如何减缓衰退和加强我们的免疫系统。分析句子结构可知，冠词后缺少名词作宾语，故填understanding。【65题详解
128、】考查动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，此处要使用谓语动词，与and前时态保持一致，位于情态动词might后面，需用动词原形，故填strengthen。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节（满分15分）66. 请以Tokyo Olympics and me为题写一篇短文，内容包括：1. 你观看过的比赛；2. 你最喜爱的运动员或者运动队；3. 你的感受。注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右； 2. 请按如下格式写字答题卡的相应位置作答。 Tokyo Olympics and Me_【答案】One possible version:Tokyo Olympics and MeThe Toky
129、o Olympic Games were held in the past summer this year. Participants from all over the world took part in it, competing against each other in the Olympic spirit.Like many fans, I watched many competitions. The one that left an unforgettable impression on me was the mens 100-meter semi final, in whic
130、h Su Bingtian broke the Asian record in 9.83 seconds, making all the Chinese people excited. Immediately he became our hero.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生以Tokyo Olympics and me为题写一篇短文，介绍观看过的比赛、最喜爱的运动员或者运动队和感受。【详解】1.词汇积累参赛者：participant competitor相互：each other one another竞赛：competition match/contest马上：immed
131、iately instantly/at once2.句式拓展原句：Participants from all over the world took part in it, competing against each other in the Olympic spirit.拓展句：Participants who came from all over the world took part in it, competing against each other in the Olympic spirit.【点睛】高分句型1 Participants from all over the wor
132、ld took part in it, competing against each other in the Olympic spirit. (运用了现在分词短语作伴随状语)高分句型2 The one that left an unforgettable impression on me was the mens 100-meter semi final, in which Su Bingtian broke the Asian record in 9.83 seconds, making all the Chinese people excited. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句和
133、in which引导的非限制性定语从句)第二节 读后续写（满分25分）67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。When I first got the bird, it must have only just been hatched. Its mother had disappeared, leaving it alone and shivering in the face of the north wind. I decided to take it straight back and build it a new home.At that time we gr
134、ew a great many flowers in our house. Next to one hanging orchid (兰花) I hung another empty flowerpot and it was in this pot that the bird was to have its new home. When Dad got home, he immediately discovered the new addition to our family. Without saying a word, he turned around and left the house.
135、 After some time, he returned and I saw that he had a handful of grass and pine needles. Obviously, Dad thought the nest I had made was far too rough and so he had decided to decorate it himself.“A bird born at this time of year wont survive the winter.” In spite of this prediction on the birds futu
136、re, Dad very carefully fashioned the nest himself. Soon I found “Nuo Nuo” (Dad had named him) had started to grow feathers. They looked like such fine little hairs that you could only notice them if you looked really closely. I only discovered them because every day I would cup him in my hands and l
137、ook at him.Dad probably realized that he had been a little cruel in his prediction. You see, he had already started training Nuo Nuo to walk. As you know, Nuo Nuo lived in a flowerpot, not a cage or anything. When he had nothing else to do, he walked around his little home. There were times when he
138、was a bit naughty too and he jumped down onto our dining table.注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was obvious that Nuo Nuo didnt realize he was a bird._The flying lessons went on regardless. _【答案】One possible version:It was obvious that Nuo Nuo didnt realize he was a bird. He perhaps thinks
139、 he was one of the family. But it is not enough for a bird to walk, it must fly as well. Dad soon began attempting to make him learn this new ability, but it was not an easy task. After all, nobody in our family had mastered the art of flying. we didnt even have wings. How could we ask Nuo Nuo to do
140、 something that we had no means of doing ourselves?The flying lessons went on regardless. Dad jumped off a chair, waving his arms as if his life depended on it, in an attempt to encourage Nuo Nuo to shake his wings. Surprisingly, this stupid action of Dads did actually have an effect. Nuo Nuo began
141、to shake his wings and started to rise. Everything is hard at the beginning. But since we had already started, the fact that Nuo Nuo couldnt fly was no reason not to continue trying. Nuo Nuo learned to fly finally and he survived the winter as well.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者捡到一只小鸟，这只小鸟如何成为家庭新成员，大家如何照顾
142、它的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“很明显，诺诺并没有意识到自己是一只鸟。”可知，第一段可描写小鸟要学习飞行，一家人爸爸帮助小鸟学习飞行做出的努力。由第二段首句内容“无论如何，飞行课程都在继续。”可知，第二段可描写爸爸继续努力尝试教给小鸟飞行，最终小鸟学会了飞行的经过。2.续写线索：爸爸教给小鸟飞行教授飞行不成功继续教小鸟飞行小鸟开始学习学会飞行3.词汇激活行为类.从跳下来：jump off/come down from.抖动翅膀：shake his wings/ quiver his wings.上升：rise/go up情绪类.吃惊地：surprisingly/to ones
143、 surprise【点睛】高分句型1. How could we ask Nuo Nuo to do something that we had no means of doing ourselves?（that引导定语从句，修饰something）高分句型2. Dad jumped off a chair, waving his arms as if his life depended on it, in an attempt to encourage Nuo Nuo to shake his wings.（现在分词作状语，as if引导方式状语从句）高分句型3. But since we had already started, the fact that Nuo Nuo couldnt fly was no reason not to continue trying.（since引导状语从句，that引导同位语从句）
