1、江苏省镇江市2020届高三英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）注意：本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。两部分答案都做在答题纸上。总分为120分。考试时间120分钟。第卷（选择题 共85分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）1. What happened to the man?A. His bike was stolen. B. He hit the womans bike. C. He knocked down a little girl.2. Wh
2、at are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A film. B. A novel. C. A director.3. Where did the man work for two years?A. In Spain. B. In Germany. C. In Mexico.4 How did the man go to work?A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus.5. What does the woman mean?A. Peter likes to follow the fashion.B. Peter has b
3、ad taste in dressing.C. Peter needs a tablecloth.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. When will the man go to a meeting?A. On July 2nd. B. On July 3nd. C. On July 4th.7. Who is Mi
4、ke probably?A. Sues colleague. B. Sarahs neighbor. C. Peters son.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. What does the man ask the woman to do at 4 oclock?A. Take the dog for a walk. B. Turn on TV for the dog. C. Brush the dogs teeth.9. What can we learn from the dialogue?A. The dog can eat any food without limit,B. The
5、dog dislikes any exercise.C. The woman feels that the man takes care of the dog too much.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What does the woman think of the lecturer?A. He is not talking loudly enough.B. He is not wearing a microphone,C. He has an American accent.11. What does the man think of the speech?A. Its u
6、seful. B. Its a waste of time. C. Its funny.12. What will the woman do later?A. Give a speech. B. Find another lecture. C. Ask some questions.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Who might Richie be?A. The womans boss. B. The mans team leader. C. The womans teammate14. Why does the man want to join the woman s team
7、?A. He likes field work.B. He thinks he could help a lot.C. He doesnt get along well with Paul.15. What will happen tomorrow?A. The man will put a new team together.B. The speakers will go to Edmonson.C. The woman will talk with Paul.16. What can be known about the man speaker?A. He is familiar with
8、 the Edmonson area.B. He has joined the womans team.C. He is a team leader.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When is the deadline for entries?A. August 31st. B. October 15th. C. November 1st.18. What is the topic of last year?A. The Future. B. Cities. C. The World.19. What will be given to all the competitors?A
9、. A certificate. B. A story book. C. A photo.20. What is the prize for the school winner?A. Books from a writer. B. Pictures of England. C. A special course.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、 C.D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。1.A skilled workforce is essential, _ is why
10、our training program is so important.A. thatB. whichC. suchD. what【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有技能的劳动力是很重要的，这也是我们的训练项目如此重要的原因。A. that关系代词；B. which关系代词；C. such如此；D. what什么。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，在从句中充当主语，故用关系代词which，故选B。【点睛】本题考查定语从句关系词。确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：找出先行词：A skil
11、led workforce is essential分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分：先行词A skilled workforce is essential在从句_ is why our training program is so important.中充当主语，应用关系代词which考虑特殊情况：非限制性定语从句不能使用that，先行词是句子时也不能使用that故用which2.The man sitting beside me on the plane was very nervous. He _ before.A. hasnt flownB. hadnt flownC. doesnt f
12、lyD. wouldnt fly【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：飞机上坐在我前面的男人非常紧张，他之前从来都没有坐过飞机。结合语境可知“没有坐过飞机”发生在“感到紧张”之前，因此推断表示过去的过去的动作，故用过去完成时，故选B。【点睛】本题考查过去完成时过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去，其表达为：had done例如：When I arrived home yesterday, my mother had finished cooking.昨天当我到家时，妈妈已经做好了饭。By the time he reached the station, the train had lef
13、t.直到他到达车站，火车已经离开了。3.Well-educated employees can undertake most common jobs easily, _ the efficiency of the society is guaranteed.A. so thatB. even ifC. in thatD. as if【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句引导词。句意：受过高等教育的雇员能够更加容易地承担一般的工作，结果社会的生产效率能够得到保证。A. so that以便于；B. even if尽管；C. in that 因为；D. as if好像。结合句意可知，上下文是因果关系
14、，设空处表结果，用so that引导的结果状语从句。故选A项。4.The reform and opening-up policy introduced in the late 1970s _ another boom in sci-fi appetite in China.A. gave offB. showed offC. laid offD. kicked off【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语搭配。句意：改革开放政策在十九世纪七十年代晚期引入，由此引发了中国科技领域的又一次繁荣。A. give off 散发（气体热量气味等）；B. show off 炫耀；C. lay off 解
15、雇；D. kick off 表示引发，引起。结合句意以及各选项分析可知，此处用“引发”符合语境，故选D项。5.According to the rule, a free gift will be given to _ completes the questionnaire.A. whateverB. whoeverC. whicheverD. whomever【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：根据规则免费的奖品将会给任何完成这项问答卷的人。A. whatever无论什么；B. whoever 无论谁；C. whichever无论哪个；D. whomever无论谁。分析句子可知，此处
16、是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少主语，且指人，应用whoever，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查宾语从句连接词。确定宾语从句连接词一般分为三步：分析从句成分；结合上下文意思；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：分析从句成分：从句_ completes the questionnaire.缺少主语，应用连接代词结合上下文意思：“根据规则免费的奖品将会给任何完成这项问答卷的人”可知，此处缺“任何人”之意，故用whoever考虑特殊情况：无故用whoever6.The _ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further in
17、formation about our 5G products.A. conservationB. imaginationC. presentationD. qualification【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这场发布展示会进展非常顺利，几乎所有到场的听众都向我们的5G产品咨询更多的信息。A. conservation保护；B. imagination想象力；C. presentation展示；D. qualification资格。结合句意可知，此处用“展示”符合语境，故选C项。7.As a salesman, much of his success comes fro
18、m being _ what his customers want.A. in competition withB. in contrast withC. in company withD. in tune with【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：作为一个销售员，他的成功大都归因于他能符合他的顾客所求。A. in competition with与竞争；B. in contrast with与相比；C. in company with 一起；D. in tune with符合的要求。结合句意可知，此处用“符合的要求”符合语境，故选D项。8.Experiments show t
19、hat when kids are encouraged to share what they have, theyre roughly twice as likely to be _ later.A. generousB. outspokenC. intelligentD. liberal【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：实验证明当小孩被鼓励分享他们拥有东西时，他们在很大程度上会在之后变得更加慷慨。A. generous慷慨的；B. outspoken直言不讳的；C. intelligent聪明的；D. liberal民主的。结合句意可知，此处用“慷慨的”符合语境，故选A项
20、。9.Thanks to Li Ziqis efforts, many Chinese cultural heritages that _ in written records now appear before our eyes.A. were existingB. had existedC. would have existedD. existed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：因为李子柒的努力，许多过去在纸上记录下的中国传统文化遗产现在出现在了我们眼前。结合语境可知，“文化遗产记录在纸上”发生在过去，故用一般过去时，故选D项。10.More than 1,200 entries
21、 by illustrators are displayed at a cartoon exhibition _ on Chinas anti-poverty achievements.A. to focusB. focusingC. being focusedD. having focused【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：超过1200条记录展示在了这个卡通片展示会中，聚焦了中国反贫困的成就。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作定语，focus和cartoon exhibition之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故选B项。11.My parents _ me the
22、money. Otherwise, I couldnt have afforded the trip.A. would lendB. had lentC. were lendingD. lent【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我家人借给我钱了，否则我也负担不起这趟旅程的开销。分析句子可知，otherwise后是虚拟语气，由couldnt have afforded判断与过去事实相反，故前半句表示过去发生的状况，应用一般过去时，故选D项。【点睛】本句出现了和otherwise相关的虚拟语气，这种虚拟语气成为含蓄虚拟语气通常出现without, otherwise, but for, w
23、ere it not for表语事实相反的情况时可认为是含虚拟语气，例如：Without your help, I couldnt have passed the driving test.如果没有你的帮助，我不可能通过驾考。（事实上通过了）Thanks to your money, otherwise I couldnt have bought the computer.多亏你的钱，否则我买不了这台电脑。（事实上买了电脑）12._ athletes for several years, he decided to bring Chinese culture to more people th
24、rough tai chi.A. Having coachedB. CoachedC. CoachingD. Being coached【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：训练运动员多年，他决定将中国的文化通过太极这一方式带给更多的人。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，he和coach之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词；再结合语境可知，先作为很多年的运动员，后面才决定，故用现在分词的完成式having done，故选A项。【点睛】本题考非谓语动词的完成式非谓语动词的完成式表，非谓语的动作发生在谓语动作之前。doing- having done, done having bee
25、n done, to do to have done例如：Having suffered from the illness for years, he can walk freely now. 已近生病很多年，他现在可以自如走动了。Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake.已近被告知了很多次，他仍然犯了相同的错误。His suit is loose. He seems to have lost weight.他的外套宽松了。他似乎已经减肥了。13.As is well known, our success in li
26、fe depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that _ to us.A. presentB. are presentingC. are presentedD. have presented【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，我们在生活中的成功取决于我们想要抓住呈现在面前机会的决心。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句谓语动词，that指代opportunities，和present之间是被动关系，由前文的is判断为一般现在时，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故用are presented，故选C
27、项。14.Although quite a lot of people regularly participated in sports events in 2019, some _ sports with just going to the gym.A. equatedB. equippedC. combinedD. impressed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管有许多人在2019年经常参加体育赛事，一些人却把体育仅仅等同于去健身馆。A. equated把与等同；B. equipped 配备；C. combined结合；D. impressed使铭记。结合句意可知，
28、此处用“把体育仅仅等同于去健身馆”符合语境，故选A项。15.Have you heard that Simon has got an offer from the big corporation in Shanghai?Yes. After some ups and downs, he has finally _.A. mended his waysB. sat on his handsC. landed on his feetD. pulled his leg【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你听说Simon已经获得了一份上海大公司的提议了吗？我听说了。经过那么多人生的起起伏伏，
29、他最终站稳脚跟，化险为夷。A. mended his ways改过自新；B. sat on his hands按兵不动；C. landed on his feet化险为夷；D. pulled his leg推后腿。根据句意可知，此处用“化险为夷”符合语境，故选C项。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。A closet (储藏室) is a years - long collection of exactly what makes you the person you are.
30、 The _16_ rose in my chest when my mom recently decided to move _17_ it meant we would have to _18_ out Dads closet, nearly a decade after his death.In the years after his death, I would sometimes walk into that closet. I had moved many miles away, starting a life elsewhere as my mom took pains to s
31、lowly _19_ her home-sweeping away the dust of sadness, and making it once again a place for _20_ and gathering.In the closet, I could _21_ the dad I had before he had a brain cancer. I _22_ that would go away when my mom moved.I rolled around _23_ in bed. Could I stand to see this closet one last ti
32、me before Mom moved? Would I find the _24_ to help clear that stuff out?Then, a _25_: I had no idea, my mom said. I cleaned it out already. The announcement knocked me sideways. What had she thrown out? Would seeing this _26_ closet to which Id _27_ attributed such meaning jolt (震动) my heart and cau
33、se me to have a meltdown?I flew home shortly thereafter, trying to keep my mind _28_ it with fitful naps (打盹) on the plane. When I finally got through the front door, I knew where I was going: to see this empty closet that I swore would _29_ me.I pulled the doors open. What happened next _30_ me: Th
34、ere was no panicjust _31_. Sure, Dads stuff was mostly _32_, but I realized then that I didnt need to see it to _33_ what we had. The objects were just an outer layer above the warm _34_ I held within._35_, clothes dont make the man, and though objects may help us tell a story, they are not stories
35、themselves.16. A. happinessB. reliefC. tensionD. mercy17. A. ifB. unlessC. thoughD. because18. A. pickB. cleanC. findD. take19. A. evolveB. designC. decorateD. love20. A. depressionB. warmthC. regretD. sleeping21. A. supportB. blameC. rememberD. protect22. A. anticipatedB. confirmedC. sworeD. worrie
36、d23. A. excitedlyB. nervouslyC. mercifullyD. hopelessly24. A. strengthB. chanceC. privilegeD. excuse25. A. replyB. shockC. comfortD. blessing26. A. outdatedB. fashionableC. emptyD. familiar27. A. randomlyB. openlyC. secretlyD. purposely28. A. withB. offC. inD. to29. A. crushB. raiseC. healD. astonis
37、h30. A. surprisedB. pressedC. frightenedD. puzzled31. A. excitementB. reluctanceC. peaceD. regret32. A. wornB. soldC. goneD. left33. A. discoverB. understandC. abandonD. remember34. A. servicesB. memoriesC. relationshipsD. events35. A. Above allB. In additionC. By contrastD. After all【答案】16. C 17. D
38、 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者以为储藏室的清理会消除他对父亲的回忆，而事实证明，他对父亲的记忆在内心深处，不需要任何物品的提示。通过这件事作者明白了：事物只可能帮助我们叙说一个故事，但是它们不是故事本身。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当母亲最近决定要搬家时，在我心里燃起紧张和不安。因为这意味着在父亲去世10年之后，我们不得不清理他的衣橱。A. happine
39、ss幸福；B. relief缓解；C. tension紧张；D. mercy怜悯。根据下文的Could I stand to see this closet one last time before Mom moved?可知作者想在母亲搬走前再看一次衣橱，故推测这个衣橱对作者来说很重要，所以听到母亲要搬家作者会觉得紧张，故选C项。【17题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. though尽管；D. because因为。结合句意可知，上下文是因果关系，故选D项。【18题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. pick (out)挑选；B. clean
40、(out)清理；C. find (out)找出；D. take(out)拿出。根据前文的my mom recently decided to move可知作者的妈妈决定搬家，故推测他们需要清理父亲的衣橱，且下文的I cleaned it out already也有暗示，clean out是原词复现，故选B项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着母亲痛苦并且慢慢地改变了她的家扫去悲伤的灰尘，让它再一次成为一个温馨的、聚集的地方，我搬到了几英里远的地方，在别处开始了生活。A. evolve逐渐改变；B. design设计；C. decorate装饰；D. love爱。根据下文的and mak
41、ing it once again a place可知作者的母亲在慢慢改变她的家，故选A项。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. depression沮丧；B. warmth温暖；C. regret遗憾；D. sleeping睡眠。根据and可知，此处应选择一个和gathering感情色彩一致的词，故选B项。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那个储藏室我可以回忆起那个在得了脑癌之前的父亲。A. support支持；B. blame责备；C. remember回忆起；D. protect保护。结合上下文可知，作者的父亲已经去世，故此处用“回忆起”符合语境和逻辑，故选C项。【22题
42、详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我担心当母亲搬走时，那些记忆会消失。A. anticipated预见；B. confirmed证实；C. swore发誓；D. worried担心。根据下文的Could I stand to see this closet one last time before Mom moved?可知作者想在离开之前再看一次储藏室，故推测他担心对父亲的记忆会消失，故选D项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我紧张地在床上翻滚。A. excitedly兴奋地；B. nervously紧张地；C. mercifully怜悯地；D. hopelessly没有希望地。根据下文的C
43、ould I stand to see this closet one last time before Mom moved? Would I find the _9_ to help clear that stuff out?可以看出作者当时很紧张、焦虑，故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会找到力量有助于清理那些东西吗？A. strength力量；B. chance机会；C. privilege特权；D. excuse借口。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者担心自己会忘记父亲，所以觉得没有力量清理东西，故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：接着，一个震惊，母亲说：“我不知
44、道，我已经清理了。” A. reply回答；B. shock震惊； C. comfort安慰；D. blessing祝福。根据下文的The announcement knocked me sideways.可知母亲的话把作者从思绪中惊醒，故此处用“震惊”符合语境，故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到这个空空的、我私下赋予非凡意义会震动我的心的衣橱会让我垮掉吗？A. outdated过时的；B. fashionable 时尚的；C. empty空的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文的I cleaned it out already.可知，此时的衣橱是空的，故选C项。【27
45、题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. randomly随机地；B. openly公开地；C. secretly秘密地；D. purposely故意地。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者私下里赋予了衣橱非凡的意义，思念自己的父亲。故选C项。【28题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：很快，我坐飞机回家，在飞机上打着盹，试着不去介意。A. with和；B. off远离，下；C. in在里；D. to向，到。结合句意可知，此处考查短语keep ones mind off“不再想，不介意”，故选 B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当最终穿过前门时，我知道我即将看见那个我坚定地认为会把我压垮的空衣橱
46、。A. crush压跨；B. raise举起；C. heal拯救；D. astonish使惊讶。根据上文的jolt (震动) my heart and cause me to have a meltdown?可知此处用“压垮，压碎”符合语境，crush和meltdown是同义词复现，故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来发生的事情使我惊喜：没有彷徨，只有平静。A. surprised使惊喜；B. pressed按压；C. frightened使害怕；D. puzzled使困惑。根据下文的There was no panic可知作者没有因为父亲的东西被清理而恐慌，故此处用“使惊喜
47、”符合语境，故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. excitement兴奋；B. reluctance不情愿；C. peace平静；D. regret遗憾。结合句意可知，此处应选择一个和panic感情色彩相反的词，故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，父亲的东西几乎都消失了，但是我意识到我并不需要看到那些东西来记得我们有过什么。A. worn穿破的；B. sold卖了的；C. gone消失的；D. left剩下的。根据上文的I cleaned it out already.可推父亲的东西都被清理了，已经看不见了，故用“消失”符合语境，故选C项。【33题详
48、解】考查动词词义辨析。句意： 同上。A. discover发现；B. understand理解；C. abandon放弃；D. remember记得。结合上下文可知，此处是指作者对父亲的记忆已经深入骨髓，不需要任何物品的提示，故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：客观事物只是我拥有的温暖记忆的外观罢了。A. services服务；B. memories记忆；C. relationships关系；D. events事件。结合上下文可知，本文主要讲述作者对父亲的记忆，故选B项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，衣服不能造就一个人，虽然物体可以帮助我们讲述一个故事，但它们本身并不
49、是故事。A. Above all首先；B. In addition此外；C. By contrast 相比之下；D. After all毕竟。结合句意可知，此处用“毕竟”符合语境，after all 位于句首时，意思是 毕竟；别忘了。用以提醒或强化被忽略的事实或现象，作为说服对方的理由此处是作者对上文的总结。故选D项。第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AEXPEDITION (探险) OVERVIEW Go on an early morning photo shoot
50、in Lamar Valley, zooming in on wildlife against the sparkling snow. Capture (拍摄) unique angles on famous sites like Old Faithful geyser without the crowds and discover some of the parks lesser known areas, exploring in the comfort of heated snow coaches. Learn about the reintroduction of Yellowstone
51、s wolves and meet a cinematographer who has produced films on the park and its wildlife for National Geographic.ITINERARYYellowstone in winter is a photographers delight: mineral pools bum through the snow, revealing their gem-colored depths; waterfalls freeze mid-spill; and elk and moose stand out
52、clearly against the glistening white landscape. Record the beauty of winter in our oldest national park, catching the interplay of steam and snow on Mammoth Hot Springs, and rising early for a sunrise photo shoot in the Lower Geyser Basin.WHAT TO EXPECTThis trip has an activity rating of light. Trav
53、elers should be in good health and comfortable walking and sitting for extended periods. We travel through the park in heated snow coaches. Excursions include walking on boardwalks and on ice and snow at elevations between 8,000 and 11,000 feet. Minor changes to the daily itinerary may occur dependi
54、ng on location of wildlife.ACCOMMODATIONSWe stay in comfortable |hotels, classic lodges within the park, and a traditional ranch.WHATS INCLUDED Transfers upon arrival and departure Accommodations All tipsWHATS NOT INCLUDED Airfare to and from destination Visas Alcoholic beverages36. A visitor to Yel
55、lowstone can _.A. record the unique angles with the crowds aroundB live in the high-ranked hotels during all the tripC. calculate the depth of gem-colored mineral poolsD. enjoy the transfer service to and from destination37. This article is mainly intended to _.A. advertise an expedition in Yellowst
56、one in winterB. emphasize the importance of wildlife protection in YellowstoneC. uncover the secret of the interplay of snow and stream in YellowstoneD. reveal the skills of photo shoot in Yellowstone in winter【答案】36. D 37. A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则关于黄石国家公园冬季探险的广告宣传。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据WHATS INCLUDED部分下的Transfe
57、rs upon arrival and departure可知，黄石公园的游客可以享受到从到达到离开的转送服务。D. enjoy the transfer service to and from destination(享受到达和离开目的地的转送服务)符合以上说法，故选D项。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据ITINERARY，WHAT TO EXPECT，ACCOMMODATIONS，WHATS INCLUDED，WHATS NOT INCLUDED可知文章进行了行程的介绍，包含的服务，未包含的服务，住宿条件等，可推测本文主要是一则为冬季在黄石公园宣传探险的广告。A. advertise an
58、expedition in Yellowstone in winter(一则为冬季在黄石公园宣传探险的广告)符合以上推测，故选A项。BPsycholinguistics is a field at the intersection (交叉) of psychology and linguistics, and one if its recent discoveries is that the languages we speak influence our eye movements. For example, English speakers who hear candle often lo
59、ok at a candy because the two words share their first syllable. Research with speakers of different languages revealed that bilingual speakers not only look at words that share sounds in one language but also at words that share sounds across their two languages. When Russian-English bilinguals hear
60、 the English word marker, they also look at a stamp, because the Russian word for stamp is marka.Even more surprising, speakers of different languages differ in their patterns of eye movements when no language is used at all. In a simple visual search task in which people had to find a previously se
61、en object among other objects, their eyes moved differently depending on what languages they knew. For example, when looking for a clock, English speakers also looked at a cloud. Spanish speakers, on the other hand, when looking for the same clock, looked at a present, because the Spanish names for
62、clock and presentreloj and regalooverlap at their onset (开始) .The story doesnt end there. Not only do the words we hear activate other, similar-sounding wordsand not only do we look at objects whose names share sounds or letters even when no language is heardbut the translations of those names in ot
63、her languages become activated as well in speakers of more than one language. For example when Spanish-English bilinguals hear the word duck in English, they also look at a shovel, because the translations of duck and shovelpato and pala, respectivelyoverlap in Spanish.Because of the way our brain o
64、rganizes and processes linguistic and nonlinguistic information, a single word can set off a domino effect (多米诺效应) that cascades (像洪水般倾泻) throughout the cognitive system. And this interactivity and co-activation is not limited to spoken languages. Bilinguals of spoken and signed languages show co-ac
65、tivation as well. For example, bilinguals who know American Sign Language and English look at cheese when they hear the English word paper because cheese and paper share three of the four sign components in ASL (hand shape, location and orientation but not motion).What do findings like these tell us
66、? Not only is the language system thoroughly interactive with a high degree of co-activation across words and concepts, but it also impacts our processing in other areas such as vision, attention and cognitive control. As we go about our everyday lives, how our eyes move, what we look at and what we
67、 pay attention to are influenced in direct and measurable ways by the languages we speak.The implications of these findings for applied settings range from consumer behavior (what we look at in a store) to the military (visual search in complex scenes) and art (what our eyes are drawn to). In other
68、words, it is safe to say that the language you speak influences how you see the world not only figuratively (比喻地) but also quite literally, down to the mechanics of your eye movements.38. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. Languages we know determine our eye movements.B. The words we hear remind
69、us of similar words.C. We look at objects even if no language is heard.D. Translations of words in other languages can be activated.39. According to Paragraph 4, the domino effect is caused by _.A. American Sign LanguageB. brain processesC. oral languagesD. co-activation40. What can we learn from th
70、ese findings?A. Words are closely related to concepts in language system.B. The combination of words and concepts activates language system.C. The language we speak influences what we pay attention to.D. What we speak in everyday lives controls how our eyes move.【答案】38. D 39. B 40. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要
71、举例说明了最新研究发现我们所说的语言会影响我们眼球的移动。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的Not only do the words we hear activate other, similar-sounding wordsand not only do we look at objects whose names share sounds or letters even when no language is heard, but the translations of those names in other languages become activated as well i
72、n speakers of more than one language. For example when Spanish-English bilinguals hear the word duck in English, they also look at a shovel, because the translations of duck and shovelpato and pala, respectivelyoverlap in Spanish.可知，不仅我们听到的单词会激活其它发音形似的单词，同时，我们观察的名字或字母相似的物体，在没有听到名字时也可以被激活，而且这些名字用其他语言
73、的翻译也会在多语者身上激活，例如，当西班牙语和英语的双语者听到英语的“鸭子”，他们会看着铁锹，因为“鸭子”和“铁锹”的翻译在西班牙语里分别是重叠音pato 和pala，即其它语言的词的翻译不仅在听到，即使在看到时都可以被激活。D. Translations of words in other languages can be activated.(其它语言的词的翻译可以被激活)符合以上说法，故选D项。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的Because of the way our brain organizes and processes linguistic and nonlinguist
74、ic information, a single word can set off a domino effect that cascades throughout the cognitive system.(由于我们的大脑组织和处理语言和非语言信息的方式不同，一个单词就可以引发多米诺效应，在整个认知体系中产生连锁反应)可知，多米诺效应是大脑程序产生的。B. brain processes(大脑程序)符合以上说法，故选B项。【40题详解】逻辑推理题。根据倒数第二段的As we go about our everyday lives, how our eyes move, what we loo
75、k at and what we pay attention to are influenced in direct and measurable ways by the languages we speak.(在日常生活中，我们的眼睛如何移动，我们看什么，我们注意什么，这些都直接地、可衡量地受到我们所说语言的影响)可知，我们所说的语言会影响我们所注意的。C. The language we speak influences what we pay attention to.( 我们所说的语言会影响我们所注意的)符合以上说法，故选C项。CLike most robots, social rob
76、ots use artificial intelligence to decide how to act on information received through cameras and other sensors. The ability to respond in ways that seem lifelike has been informed by research into such issues as how perceptions (知觉) form, what constitutes social and emotional intelligence, and how p
77、eople can infer others thoughts and feelings. Advances in Al have enabled designers to translate such psychological and neuroscientific insights into algorithms that allow robots to recognize voices, feces and emotions; interpret speech and gestures; respond appropriately to complex verbal and nonve
78、rbal cues; make eye contact; speak conversationally; and adapt to peoples needs by learning from feedback, rewards and criticisms.A 47-inch humanoid (类人物) called Pepper (from SoftBank Robotics) recognizes faces and basic human emotions and engages in conversations via a touch screen in its “chest,”
79、About 15,000 Peppers worldwide perform such services as hotel check-ins, airport customer service, shopping assistance and fast-food checkout. Temi (from Temi USA) and Loomo (Segway Robotics) are the next generation of personal assistantslike Amazon Echo and Google Home but mobile, providing a new l
80、evel of functionality. Loomo, for instance, is not only a companion but can also transform on command into a scooter (小型摩托车) for transport.Social robots have particular appeal for assisting the worlds growing elderly population. The PARO Therapeutic Robot (developed by Japans National Institute of A
81、dvanced Industrial Science and Technology), which looks like a seal, soft and cute, is meant to stimulate and reduce stress for those with Alzheimers disease and other patients in care facilities: it responds to its name by moving its head, and it cries for petting. Mabu (Catalia Health) engages pat
82、ients, particularly the elderly, as a wellness aide, reminding them to take walks and medication and to call family members. Social robots are also gaining popularity with consumers as toys. Early attempts to include social behavior in toys, such as Hasbros Baby Alive and Sonys AIBO robotic dog, had
83、 limited success. But both arc resurging (复活), and the most recent version of AIBO has advanced voice and gesture recognition, can be taught tricks and develops new behaviors based on previous interactions.Worldwide sales of consumer robots reached an estimated $5.6 billion in 2018, and the market i
84、s expected to grow to $19 billion by the end of 2025, with more than 65 million robots sold a year. This trend may seem surprising given that multiple well-funded consumer robot companies, such as Jibo and Anki, have failed. But a wave of robots is lining up to take the place of old robots, includin
85、g BUDDY (Blue Frog Robotics), a big-eyed mobile device that plays games in addition to acting as a personal assistant and providing home automation and security.41. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?A. How social robots receive information.B. What research has been conducted about soci
86、al robots.C. Why social robots can respond in lifelike ways.D. How designers translate insights into social robots.42. Examples are used in Paragraph 2 to show that social robots are _.A. filling an expanding variety of rolesB. getting higher intelligenceC. interacting with peopleD. learning to resp
87、ond in lifelike ways43. According to the passage we know that _.A. social robots can have various forms and appearancesB. PARO can interact with people by moving its head like a dogC. the most recent version of AIBO has achieved as great success as beforeD. the sales of consumer robots have been inc
88、reasing as ever expected44. What is the best title for the passage?A. More companies will invest on social robots.B. Social robots play nicely with human beings.C. Social robots have great effects on elder peoples life.D. Artificial intelligence enables social robots to make decisions.【答案】41. C 42.
89、A 43. A 44. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了社交机器人的功能发展， 从人工智能技术的应用使社交机器人可以运转，讲到不同形态的机器人丰富人类的生活，再讲到各品牌的机器人发展的增长。【41题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的主要内容，尤其是Like most robots, social robots use artificial intelligence to decide how to act on information received through cameras and other sensors.( 和大多数机器人那样，social robots 用人工智能去处理它
90、摄像机和传感器接收到的信号) 以及后文陈述的高等级的AI recognize voice, faces and emotions 等等可知，本段主要解答了为什么人工智能能逼真地做出回应。C. Why social robots can respond in lifelike ways.( 为什么人工智能能逼真地做出回应)符合以上说法，故选C项。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的Temi (from Temi USA) and Loomo (Segway Robotics) are the next generation of personal assistantslike Amazon E
91、cho and Google Home but mobile, providing a new level of functionality. Loomo, for instance, is not only a companion but can also transform on command into a scooter (小型摩托车) for transport.(来自Temi USA的Temi和Loomo是新一代的个人助理就像亚马逊的Echo和谷歌的Home一样，除了是移动设备，他们还提供了一个新的功能级别。例如：Loomo不仅是一个伙伴，而且还可以根据命令转换成一个交通用的小型摩
92、托车)可知，举例是为了说明这些社交机器人有很多功能和角色。A. filling an expanding variety of roles(扮演越来越多的角色)符合以上说法，故选A项。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的The PARO Therapeutic Robot (developed by Japans National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology), which looks like a seal, soft and cute, is meant to stimulate and reduce s
93、tress for those with Alzheimers disease and other patients in care facilities: it responds to its name by moving its head, and it cries for petting. Mabu (Catalia Health) engages patients, particularly the elderly, as a wellness aide, reminding them to take walks and medication and to call family me
94、mbers. Social robots are also gaining popularity with consumers as toys. (帕罗治疗机器人（由日本国立先进科学技术开发）看起来像一个海豹，柔软可爱，是在治疗中心为了刺激和减轻压力与阿尔兹海默病和其他病的仪器。它通过摇头响应它的名字，哭着祈求爱抚。Mabu是病人，尤其是老年人的健康助手，提醒他们散步、服药、并打电话给家人。社交机器人作为玩具也受到消费者的欢迎)可推测，社交机器人有各种形态和特征。A. social robots can have various forms and appearances(社交机器人有各种形态
95、和外貌)符合以上推测，故选A项。【44题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第三段的Social robots have particular appeal for assisting the worlds growing elderly population.(社交机器人对于帮助世界上不断增加的老年人口有着特殊的吸引力)和第四段的Worldwide sales of consumer robots reached an estimated $5.6 billion in 2018, and the market is expected to grow to $19 billion b
96、y the end of 2025, with more than 65 million robots sold a year.(2018年，全球消费型机器人的销售额预计达到56亿瑞士法郎，到2025年底，这一市场预计增长到190亿美元，每年将出售6500多万台机器人)可知，本文主要讲述了社交机器人受到人们的欢迎，因为它们的需求量在不断增加。B. Social robots play nicely with human beings.(社交机器人和人类相处得好)可以作为本文标题，故选B项。DMy younger daughter, age 5, made a failed attempt du
97、ring a recent school-night bedtime routine. In retaliation (报复) for my insistence that she actually stay in bed, she uttered the classic pint-sized revolutionary cry: Youre not in charge of me! I am, actually, I replied as I gently guided her back into bed. I am in charge of keeping you safe and als
98、o helping you thrive (茁壮成长), which means making sure you get a good nights sleep and a whole lot more. I knew what I meant by more even if she didnt. I made a personal, unwritten covenant (契约) with my daughters, and even society, to do my part to raise two happy, virtuous, inspirational adults. And
99、that requires teaching a good deal of life wisdom, role modeling and, at times, imposing behavior.We are the boss. We can also be our kids friend, sometimes. And we are always their teacher and coach. And dont forget lifeguard.But were in charge, even if we dont want to be. And it seems a lot of par
100、ents dont want to be.Ive noticed that for various reasons (trying to be cool/nice/laid back, maybe laziness, maybe in opposition to being raised with too many rules themselves) , many parents let their children call too many shots. Im talking about screen time, bedtime, purchases, meal options and a
101、ll the rest of it.Letting kids decide these matters usually leads to poor outcomes for the kids themselves. A permissive parenting style leads to impulsive behavior, egocentrism (唯我主义) and poor social skills, according to Diana Baumrind, a developmental psychologist at the University of California,
102、Berkeley.Baumrind, one of the leading researchers on this topic, described the ideal parenting style as authoritative, neither too permissive nor too controlling. An authoritative parent has clear rules and high expectations while being warm and supportive and valuing in dependence. If we can do tha
103、t for our children, her research showed, they will have greater self-esteem, social skills and academic performance.The ideal, in other words, is a Buddhist Middle Way where we are in control but foster (培养) independence.But independence is not the same as giving them what their little id (本我) brain
104、s want all the time. Children may seem happy about getting their way, but its actually an insecure world for them to inhabit where adults dont seem fully in charge.Young kids brains are not up to the task of making the best decisions anyway. From age 2 until 7, according to the pioneering child deve
105、lopmental psychologist Jean Piaget, a child naturally engages in egocentrism and magical thinkingbelieving that they can affect the world with their thoughtsbut not critical thinking. From about age 8 to 11, kids tend to actively seek rules, limits and boundariesbut from parents and teachers, not fr
106、om themselves; they want adults to draw the lines they can safely color in.Typically, after age 11, critical thinking emerges. Real involvement in rules and limits can effectively begin then, but even teenagers need the assurance that you will always steer them in the right directions.We also know t
107、hat real life is full of ruleslegal, societal, ethical (moral) or just politenessand either we teach them or they will eventually be set straight in less-loving environments such as the playground, the principals office, in front of a judge or in a professional boss office.And being in charge doesnt
108、 mean we need to micromanage behavior or be unkind. We should build in plenty of personal freedom and remain motivated by deep love and affection. But we must also be on top it, guiding them toward success.Be a great boss to your kids. Mentor them. Give them opportunities to develop and shine. Alway
109、s have their backs. Never fire them. Show them whos boss in the most caring of ways.45. Many parents let their children call too many shots probably because _.A. they are cool and indifferent to their childrenB they want children to live with fewer rulesC. they are busy with meal options and so onD.
110、 they believe it will lead to good outcomes46. The psychologist Baumrind believes that _.A. children are definitely to be ruined by permissive parenting styleB. rules are absolutely prior to anything in authoritative parentingC. authoritative parents have to let children live independentlyD. an idea
111、l way means giving children-controlled independence47. From age 2 to 11, children usually _.A. do not have the ability to make decisions yetB. have no idea of rules, limits or boundaries at allC. need parents and teachers to draw lines for themD. know how to steer themselves in right directions48. T
112、o be a great boss to his/her children, a parent needs to _.A. micromanage everything or be unkind sometimesB. guide children to success on the basis of deep loveC. win as many opportunities as possible to shineD. let children know who is the boss in every way49. What is the authors attitude towards
113、parents being in charge of children?A Supportive.B. Critical.C. Ambiguous.D. Indifferent.50. What can we learn from this passage?A. Ideal parents arc those neither too permissive nor too controlling.B. Children under age 11 should not be allowed to make decisions.C. Psychologists show childrens self
114、-esteem is from independence.D. Adults are responsible to teach children all the rules in real life.【答案】45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. A【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。全篇文章作者都在家长成为孩子的管理者这一前提下，探讨如何让家长变成更好的管理者。作者认可的是控制和放任并用的方式。家长既不应过分控制，也不应该过分放任。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段的Ive noticed that for various reasons (trying to be
115、 cool/nice/laid back, maybe laziness, maybe in opposition to being raised with too many rules themselves) , many parents let their children call too many shots.(我注意到，由于各种各样的原因（试图表现得很酷/很好/很悠闲，也许是懒惰，也许是反对自己在太多规则的环境中长大），许多父母让孩子发号施令)可知，父母让孩子发号施令的原因之一可能是想让孩子在较少的规则中长大。B. they want children to live with fe
116、wer rules(他们想孩子在较少的规则中长大)符合以上说法，故选B项。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据第八段的An authoritative parent has clear rules and high expectations while being warm and supportive and valuing in dependence.(有威望的父母有明确的规则和很高的期待，同时又热情，支持和重视依赖)可推测，Baumrind 认为，一个合适的方式就是让孩子拥有可控制的独立。D. an ideal way means giving children-controlled inde
117、pendence(一个理想的方式意味着让孩子拥有可控制的独立)符合以上推测，故选D项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第11段的From age 2 until 7, according to the pioneering child developmental psychologist Jean Piaget, a child naturally engages in egocentrism and magical thinkingbelieving that they can affect the world with their thoughtsbut not critical think
118、ing. From about age 8 to 11, kids tend to actively seek rules, limits and boundariesbut from parents and teachers, not from themselves; they want adults to draw the lines they can safely color in.(从2到7岁，儿童天生就有自我中心主义和“神奇思维”相信他们可以用自己的想法改变世界但不是批判性思维。从大约8到11岁，孩子们倾向于主动寻求规则、限制和界限但不是从他们自己，而是从父母和老师那里。他们希望成年
119、人可以画出他们可以放心上色的线条)可知，2到11岁的孩子通常需要家长和老师为他们设定规则、现实和界限，即需要老师和家长为他们画出线条。C. need parents and teachers to draw lines for them(需要父母和老师为他们划线)符合以上说法，故选C项。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的We should build in plenty of personal freedom and remain motivated by deep love and affection. But we must also be on top it, guiding t
120、hem toward success. (我们应该建立足够的个人自由，并保持深深的爱和热情。但是我们必须做到最好，引导他们走向成功)可知，要成为孩子的良师益友，父母应该在爱的基础上引导他们走向成功。B. guide children to success on the basis of deep love(以爱为基础引导他们走向成功)符合以上说法，故选B项。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据第四五段的We are the boss. We can also be our kids friend, sometimes. And we are always their teacher and coac
121、h. And dont forget lifeguard. But were in charge, even if we dont want to be. (我们是老板，有时我们也可以成为孩子的朋友。我们永远是他们的老师和教练，不要忘了救生员的身份。但我们是掌权者，即使我们不想成为掌权者。)可推测，作者赞成父母管理孩子。A. Supportive.(支持的)符合以上说法，故选A项。【50题详解】推理判断题。根据四五段的We are the boss. We can also be our kids friend, sometimes.( 我们是老板，有时我们也可以成为孩子的朋友。我们永远是他们
122、的老师和教练)和第八段的An authoritative parent has clear rules and high expectations while being warm and supportive and valuing in dependence.(有威望的父母有明确的规则和很高的期待，同时又热情，支持和重视依赖)可推测，一个理想的父母是既不过分控制，也不过分放任。A. Ideal parents arc those neither too permissive nor too controlling.( 一个理想的父母是既不过分控制，也不过分放任)符合以上推测，故选A项。第卷
123、（非选择题，共三大题，35分）第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。The Age of Envy: How to Be Happy When Everyone Elses Life Looks PerfectWe live in the age of envy. Career envy, kitchen envy, children envy, food envy, upper ay envy, holiday envy. You
124、 name it, theres an envy for it. Human beings have always felt what Aristotle defined in the 4th century BC as pain at the sight of anothers good fortune, stirred by the feeling of those who have what we ought to have.But with social media, says Ethan Kross, professor of psychology at the University
125、 of Michigan, envy is being taken to an extreme. We are constantly bombarded by photoshopped lives, he says, and that exerts a toll on us the likes of which we have never experienced in the history of our species. Clinical psychological Rachel Andrew says she is seeing more and more envy in her cons
126、ulting room, from people who cant achieve the lifestyle they want but which they see others have. Our use of platforms including Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Snapchat, she says, amplifies (放大) this deeply disturbing psychological discord (失调), I think what social media has done is make everyone
127、accessible for comparison, she explains. In the past, people might have just envied their neighbors, but now we can compare ourselves with everyone across the world. And those comparisons are now much less realistic. Andrew has observed among her patients that knowing they are looking at an edited v
128、ersion of reality is no defense against the emotional force of envy. What I notice is that most of us can intellectualize what we see on social media platformswe know that these images and narratives that are presented arent real, we can talk about it and rationalize itbut on an emotional level, its
129、 still pushing buttons. If those images or narratives tap into what we aspire to, but what we dont have, then it becomes very powerful. According to Dryden, a cognitive behavioral therapist, when it comes to the kind of envy inspired by social media, there are two factors that make a person more vul
130、nerable (易受伤害的): low self-esteem and deprivation intolerance, which describes the experience of being unable to bear not getting what you want. To overcome this, he says, think about what you would teach a child. The aim is to develop a philosophy, a way of being in the world, which allows you to re
131、cognize when someone else has something that you want but dont have, and also to recognize that you can survive without it, and that not having it does not make you less worthy or less of a person.We could also try to change the way we habitually use social media. Kross explains that most the time,
132、People use Facebook passively and just idly, lazily reading instead of posting, messaging or commenting. That is interesting when you realize it is the passive usage that is supposed to be more harmful than the active. The links between passive usage and feeling worse are very robustwe have huge dat
133、a sets involving tens of thousands of people, he says. While it is less clear how active usage affects well-being, there does seem to be a small positive link, he explains, between using Facebook to connect with others and feeling better.Dryden differentiates between unhealthy envy and its healthy f
134、orms, which, he says, can be creative. Just as hunger tells us we need to eat, the feeling of envy, if we can listen to it in the right way, could show us what is missing from our lives that really matters to us, Kross explains. Andrew says, It is about naming it as an emotion, knowing how it feels,
135、 and then not interpreting it as a positive or a negative, but trying to understand what it is telling you that you want. If that is achievable, you could take proper steps towards achieving it. But at the same time, ask yourself, what would be good enough? The Age of Envy: How to Be Happy When Ever
136、yone Elses Life Looks PerfectIntroduction_51_ is the feeling that you wish you had something that someone else has. It was _52_ by Aristotle as the pain of seeing anothers good fortune, stirred by the feeling of those who have what we ought to have.New problems with envy in the age of social media S
137、ocial media is taking envy to an extreme by making everyone accessible for _53_. People are so much disturbed by envy that an increasing number of them have to consult doctors. Full knowledge of false comparisons still cant _54_ people from envy, and those with low self-esteem and deprivation intole
138、rance are more likely to fall _55_.Possible ways to _56_ the pain Learn to recognize that its _57_ that someone else has something you want but dont have. Learn to recognize that without the thing you can still survive and you are still a useful person. Change the way we use social media from just p
139、assively reading to _58_ posting, messaging or commenting.Conclusion We should distinguish unhealthy envy from its healthy forms. When envy appears. _59_ we can listen to it properly, it wont show us what really matters to us. We should take proper steps to feel and understand envy instead of _60_ i
140、t arbitrarily.【答案】51. Envy 52. defined 53. comparison 54. defend/protect 55. victim 56. relieve/reduce/ease/kill/stop 57. normal/natural 58. actively 59. unless 60. interpreting【解析】这是一篇议论文。社交媒体使嫉妒达到了前所未有的高度，我们嫉妒身边的一切东西，包括那些不真实的、造成假象的东西。此外文章建议了一些可以避免嫉妒的方法。【51题详解】由第一段第一句中the age of envy和第三句theres an e
141、nvy of it，故填Envy。【52题详解】定位到第一段第四句what Aristotle defined in the 4th century BC as pain at the sight of anothers good fortune,可知，就像亚里士多德在公元四世纪所定义的那样，故填defined。【53题详解】由第三段第三句中make everyone accessible for comparison可知应填comparison。【54题详解】定位到第四段第二句knowing that they are looking at an edited version of real
142、ity is no defense against the emotional force of envy，认识到不合理对比并不能让人们停止嫉妒，故填defend。【55题详解】定位到第五段two factors that make a person more vulnerable: low self-esteem and deprivation可知自卑和贫困会让人更易受伤害。fall组成固定搭配fall victim沦为受害者，故填victim。【56题详解】第五段和第六段介绍了克服嫉妒带来的痛苦的方法，此处应填词表示“减轻痛苦”，故填relieve/reduce/ease/kill/sto
143、p等。【57题详解】定位到第五段第四句a way of being in the world, which allows you to recognize when，可知你须认识到别人拥有你想要却没有的东西是很正常的，是一种人生常态，故填normal/natural 。【58题详解】由六段第三句中it is the passive usage that is supposed to be more harmful than the active可知被动的阅读浏览比主动的展示更有害，故此处应是我们把被动的方式改成主动展示的方式。active是原词，此处应用其副词形式修饰后面的动词，填active
144、ly。【59题详解】由第七段第二句中if we can listen to it in the right way, could show us what really matters to us可知如果我们不正确聆听，就不能发现到底什么对我们来说才是重要的。ifnot= unless，故填unless除非。【60题详解】考查动词。由第七段第三句中It is about naming it as an emotion, knowing how it feels, and then not interpreting it as a positive or a negative, but tryi
145、ng to understand可知我们应该遵循正确的步骤并且尝试理解嫉妒而不是简答地转述成积极的或消极的。interpreting是原词，故填interpreting。第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）61.请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。The boom of live-streaming video and e-commerce platforms in China has attracted many social influencers, or Internet celebrities (名人), to advertise certain brands and
146、 products. The number of influencers and their fans is increasing. In 2018, sales based on live-streaming marketing amounted to more than 100 billion yuan ($14.3 billion), up by almost 400 percent year on year. Influencer marketing is making itself a force that cant be ignored.However, a growing num
147、ber of cases of influencers making fools of themselves while advertising products are shedding light on a pressing issue. While earning huge profits, some influencers are turning a blind eye to the quality of the products they are pitching For example, an online celebrity, who once sold 15,000 lipst
148、icks within five minutes and was dubbed the king of lipsticks, met his Waterloo in a recent live stream when promoting a non-stick pan. The audience could see that the fried egg was firmly sticking to the pan. This and other incidents of Internet celebrity marketing have sparked heated discussions o
149、nline and in many media outlets.Some people believe that in the era of the Internet celebrity and fan economy, influencer marketing is actually not to blame, but there must be a bottom line for what can and cannot be done. Some others view this incident and the sensation it has caused as an opportun
150、ity for this business to be standardized.【写作内容】1. 用约30词概括上述信息的主要内容；2. 用约120词发表你的观点，内容包包括：（1）谈谈你对“网络名人营销”这一现象的看法（至少两点）；（2）如何规范网络名人的营销行为？简要说说你的意见或建议（至少两点）。【写作要求】1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_【答案】With the rise of streaming media and online shopping, some int
151、ernet celebrities target commodities or brands at their followers and earn a wealth of fortune. However, the goods quality is not that trust-worthy and a benchmark for this industry is desperately needed. (42words)Personally, celebritys pitching goods at their fans is definitely not a positive trend
152、. Specifically, devoted as their followers are, by no means is their love for their idol manipulated by some profit-driven businessmen, who might neglect the quality of their products and only chase after money. Secondly, being entertainers and public figures, the celebrities top priority is to set
153、up a positive role model and to demonstrate the beauty of their character, either by taking up charity work or committing effort to their career, rather than promoting products and reaping personal gains. (92 words)Therefore, the Bureau of E-commerce should launch irregular raids into their manufact
154、uring sites of these e-commodities and ensure their production process is legal and secure. Secondly, an online complaining platform should be set up so that consumers could air their nuisance or dissatisfaction should the products fall short of their idols propaganda. (52 words)【解析】【分析】这是一篇读写任务。要求考
155、生先对文章进行总结，然后就文章所述的现象发表自己的观点。【详解】文章分为两部分。第一部分是对文章的简要概括。通读全文，可以这样对文章进行概括：随着流量媒体和网购的兴起，一些网络名人将商品或品牌瞄准其粉丝，赚取了大量财富。然而，商品质量不是那么值得信赖，因此这个行业迫切需要一个基准。第二部分是发表对此现象的看法，以及自己的建议。看法至少两点，例如：网络名人向他们的粉丝推销商品绝对不是一个积极的趋势。具体来说，虽然他们的追随者是忠诚的，但他们对偶像爱绝不能被一些唯利是图的商人操纵，他们可能会忽略产品的质量。其次，作为艺人和公众人物，名人的首要人物是树立一个积极的榜样，展示他们的人格美丽，而不是宣传
156、产品和获取个人收益。建议至少两点，例如：相关部门应定期对电子商品的生产场所进行检查，确保其生产过程合法、安全。其次，应建立在线投诉平台，这样的话，如果产品质量没有达到宣传效果，消费者就可以表达自己的不满。【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：Specifically, devoted as their followers are, by no means is their love for their idol manipulated by some profit-driven businessmen
157、, who might neglect the quality of their products and only chase after money.中使用了部分倒装，who引导定语从句；Secondly, an online complaining platform should be set up so that consumers could air their nuisance or dissatisfaction should the products fall short of their idols propaganda.中so that引导结果状语从句。这些长难句的使用不仅给文章增色添彩，也展示了作者的扎实的语言功底。
