1、Unit4 Body LanguageGrammar本课件主要介绍动词-ing形式作定语和状语，做练习启发学生思考，通过示例引导学生总结出动词-ing形式在什么情况下作状语或定语。举例说明如果动词-ing形式出现在名词前后，并修饰该名词，一般作定语，该定语可变为介词短语或定语从句。举例说明如果动词-ing形式用于修饰某动词或整个句子时作状语，可变换为状语从句。作状语时对谓语起修饰和陪衬作用，表示时间，原因，条件，让步，结果，方式或伴随情况。最后让学生做练习，题型涉及造句，填空，改错和单选，让学生当堂完成，及时巩固。Grammar一一:V-ing:V-ing 形式由形式由“dodoinging”
2、构成构成,其否其否定形式是定形式是“not doingnot doing”,V-ing,V-ing 可以带宾可以带宾语或状语构成语或状语构成 V-ing V-ing 短语短语,没有人称和数没有人称和数的变化的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。但有时态和语态的变化。V-ing V-ing 形式形式 语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式完成式(not)doing(not)doing(not)being done(not)being done(not)(not)having donehaving done(not)(not)having been donehaving been done V-ing V-ing
3、 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。习重点。1.1.作定语作定语V-ing V-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语,这这时有两种情况。时有两种情况。1)1)-ing-ing形式表示形式表示“供作供作.之用之用”的意思的意思,这类作定这类作定语的语的-ing-ing形式过去叫动名词。形式过去叫动名词。A swimming poolA swimming pool =a pool for swimming =a pool for swimmingA sleeping carA sleeping car=a car for
4、 sleeping=a car for sleeping2)-ing形式表示“.的”意思,过去叫现在分词A sleeping child working people the rising sun -ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句。如:They are visitors coming from several countries.The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.2.2.作状语作状语可以表示时间可以表示时间,原因原因,结果结果,条件条件,行为方式行为方式或伴随动作等。或伴随动作等。Using you
5、r head,youll find a good way.条件 1)Four people entered the room looking around 1)Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.in a curious way.=Four people enter the room and looked around =Four people enter the room and looked around in a curious way.in a curious way.(伴随动作伴随动作)2)Bein
6、g poor,he couldnt afford a TV set.2)Being poor,he couldnt afford a TV set.(原因)3)Working hard,youll surely succeed.条件4)The boy sat in front of the farm-house,cutting the branch.伴随5)He came running back to tell me the news.方式6)(When)Hearing the news,he got 6)(When)Hearing the news,he got frightened.fr
7、ightened.=When he heard the news,he got=When he heard the news,he got frightened.frightened.(时间时间,可以在分词前保留可以在分词前保留when)when)7)The child slipped and fell,hitting his head against the door.结果Attention Please -ing形式作状语时,它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。Time permitting,I will pay a visit to the whole city.(分词的逻辑主语是ti
8、me,而句子的主语是I,两者不构成主谓关系,所以只能用独立主格结构,也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。)the British ladythe Columbianthe Japanesethe Canadian You see her step back appearing surprised.His nose touches Mr.Cooks moving hand.You see her step back appearing surprised.=You see her step back and she appears surprised.They also express their f
9、eelings using unspoken language.=They also express their feelings by the way of using unspoken language.His nose touched Mr.Cooks movinghand.=His nose touched Mr.Cooks hand which is moving.=They are visitors who come from several countries.They are visitors coming from several countries.=This is an
10、experience which is exciting.This is an exciting experience.1.When he approached Ms Smith,he touched her shoulder and kissed her._ _ Ms Smith,he touched her shoulder and kissed her.Rewrite the following sentences.When approaching2.The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages.The
11、 person _ _ _can speak seven languages.translatingthe songs3.The boy standing there is reading a book about body language.The boy _ _ _ there is reading a book about body language.who is standing4.Because he comes from Jordan,he moves close to ask you a question._ _ Jordan,he moves close to ask you
12、a question.Coming from5.She sat at the desk and did her homework.She sat at the desk _ _ _.doing herhomeworkUsing structureshold in arms,cry,appear sad The woman holds her son in arms,crying and appearing very sad.The woman cries loudly,holding her son in arms.box,hit on the face,move,steps The two
13、boxing men try to hit the other on the face,moving their steps carefully.ski,laugh,exciting Mickey and Mimi are skiing down the hill,laughing all the way.What an exciting scene it is!dance,sing,raise arms up,amazing musicMickey and Mimi are dancing to amazing music,singing and raising their arms.Koa
14、la Bear,carry,climb,search for food Carrying her little baby on the back,the mother Koala Bear climbs up the trees,searching for food.1.Having not seen the film,I cant tell you what I think of it.2.The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.3.Seen from the top of the hill,we find the city more
15、beautiful.4.Generally speak,facial expressions are helpful communications,too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错5.“Cant you read?”the man said,angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6.Knocking at the door before entering,please.7.European football is played in 80 countries,made it the most popul
16、ar sport in the world.pointingKnockmaking 1.The stranger said something in a _ voice and the little girl was very much _ A.frightening,frightened B.frightened,frightening C.frightening,frightening D.frightened,frightenedChoose the best answer.2._the piano,someone suddenly knocked at the door.A.Playi
17、ng B.When I was playing C.Repairing D.Examining 3.Mother caught the boy _ in the corner.A.smoke B.to smoke C.being smoked D.smoking 4._ the programme,they have to stay there for another 2 weeks.A.Not completing B.Not completed C.Not having completed D.Having not completed5.“We cant go out in this we
18、ather”,said Bob,_ out of the window.A.looking B.to look C.looked D.having looked 6.Though _ money,his parents managed to send him to university.A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lacked in 7.The bell _ the end of the period rang,_ our heated discussion.A.indicating;interrupting B.indicated;interrupti
19、ng C.indicating;interrupted D.indicated;interrupted 8._ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered 9.He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A.put B.to be putting C.to put D.puttin
20、g 10.Suddenly,a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away,_ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappeared C.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing 11._in the queue of half an hour.Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait B.Have waited C.Having waited D.To have waited 12.The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A.Having hung B.hanging C.hangs D.being hung 13.Generally speaking,_ according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.A.when taking B.when taken C.when to take D.when to be taken
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