1、期末复习总结（一）词汇部分学科：英语 年级：高二 撰稿：张晓俊 审稿：李俊和 责编：张晓俊1，possibly, perhaps与maybe这三人副词在词义和用法上极为相似。例如：Possibly they will come and repair the house tomorrow.Perhaps they will come and repair the house tomorrow.Maybe they will come and repair the house tomorrow.以上三句均可译成：或许他们明天会来修房子。但是possibly与情态动词cannot, can和coul
2、d not连用时则不能被perhaps或maybe代替。1)possibly与cannot连用表示无论如何也不：He cannot possibly forget it. 他无论如何也不会忘。I cant possibly stay here in all the weekend. 我无论如何也不能在这里停留整个周末。2)possibly与can, could, may, might连用可以表示委婉客气的语气。Can you possibly come tomorrow?您明天能来吗？Could I possibly use your telephone? 我能用您的电话吗？2，and连接两个
3、相同的词和连接两个反义词的用法1)and连接两个相同的谓语动词，表示动作的反复。We knocked and knocked, but no one answered the door.我们不断地敲门，可是没人答应。They ran and ran until they were very tired.他们跑啊跑啊，一直跑到精疲力竭。2)and连接两个相同副词，表示反复、一再。Billy dived into the lake again and again, looking for the lost watch.比利一次又一次地跳进湖里寻找那只丢失的手表。Everyone wished th
4、e speaker would stop, but he talked on and on.大家都希望发言的人停下来，可是他一人劲地往下讲。3)and连接两个反义词，以构成习惯用语。here and there到处You can see beautiful flowers here and there in the park.在公园到处都可见到美丽的花。day and night或night and day夜以继日地；日夜地When I was you age, I had to work day and night.我在你这个年龄的时候就不得不夜以继日地干活。up and down来回地，上
5、下They looked carefully at the man up and down.他仔细地上下打量那个人。3, arrive at/in, get to和reach都可以用来表示到达之意。但是在用法上它们却有一些不同之处，应引起注意。试比较它们以下的用法：）到达的范围如果较大，如洲、国家、大城市，在arrive后面使用介词in，即arrive in；如果到达的地方是小城镇、村子、车站等，则在arrive之后使用介词at, 即arrive at。例如：arrive in Europe, France, London, Beijing等；arrive at my native town,
6、 the station, the bus stop。而reach和get to无这种区别： get to/reach England, reach the small village;get to America, get to the bus stop。）reach是及物动词，而get和arrive in/at为短语动词。当这些词与副词连用时，get to和arrive in/at中的介词不能再出现。如：到家：reach home, get home, arrive home;到达这里那里：reach here/there, get here/there, arrive here/ the
7、re。）表示明间等到来时常用arrive, 而不用get to或者reach。例如：At last our holidays have arrived. 终于我们的假期到来了。The bus arrived soon after they left. 他们刚走公共汽车就来了。）表示达成或形成某种决定或协议时，刚常用arrive at或reach。这时不用get to。例如：They didnt arrive at/ reach any conclusion at all.他们根本没有得出任何结论。What decision did you arrive at/reach? 你们作出了什么样的决
8、定？4，deal with）(of affairs指事务)manage; attend to处理：Here is some advice for dealing with common injuries.这儿有几条关于处理普通创伤的意见。How shall we deal with this problem?我们将如何处理这个问题？）have relationship with与往来；与相处：That old man is very difficult to deal with. 那个老头很难相处。）be about; be concerned with关于；有关：This is a book
9、 dealing with West Africa. 这是一本关于西非的书。）do business with与在生意往来：Do you deal with Smith, the butcher? 你与肉铺老板史密斯有生意往来吗？5，do with与deal with一样，do with也可以用来表示处理的意思。但是用于特殊疑问句的时候do with与what连用；deal with则与how连用。例如：a person who has fallen of a bicycle and hurt himself badly?你会怎样处理一个从自行车上摔倒而严重受伤的人？另外，do with还可表
10、达别的意思。例如：What did you do with my umbrella? （=Where did you put my umbrella?）你把我的伞放到哪里去了？What are we to do with this naughty boy?(=How are we to deal with this naughty boy?)我们该怎样处置这个顽皮的男孩？6，enough 用作名词）我们已经学过enough作形容词和副词的用法：作定语：位于名词之前，有时也可以放到被修饰的名词之后，例如：We have enough time（或time enough） to catch the
11、 train now.现在我们有足够的时间去赶火车。作状语：修饰形容词或者副词，并必须放在被修饰词之后（不可前置）。例如：This box is big enough to hold all these books.这箱子够大了，足可以装下所有的这些书。He is not running fast enough to catch up with the other runners.他跑得不够快，赶不上其他选手。）enough作名词使用时，它指的是一种不可数的量：足够的东西（如钱、事情、工作等。）所以当enough用作主语时，其后面应跟谓语动词的第三人称单数。例如：Enough has been
12、 said about how to learn a foreign language. 关于怎样学习外语已经说得够多了。Not enough has been found to prove what you say is right.还没有找到足够证据来证实你所说的话是正确的。当enough用作名词时，它也可以在句中作宾语。下面是课文中的一个原句：However, after a few hours of study you will manage to know enough to save other peoples life.然而，经过几小时的学习之后，你就会获得足够的知识去抢救别人的
13、生命了。7，once的基本用法）for one time, on one occasion, only：一次。在这一用法上once常位于句末。I have been there once.我到那里去过一次。He goes to see his parents in Wales once (in) six months.他每六个月去威尔士看他父母一次。）at some indefinite time in the past; formerly：曾经，从前；昔日。once常用于句子的中间。My father once lived in India. 我父亲曾经在印度居住。His books wer
14、e once very popular but nobody reads them today.他的书曾经一度受人欢迎，可是现在没有人问津了。）构成成语：once upon a time从前（接近lone, long ago）at once立即，马上（immediately）all at once突然（suddenly）8，expect用法expect总是用作及物动词：think or believe that sth. will happen or come; that sb. will come预期，盼望，期待。）expect后跟名词或代词：We will expect you for s
15、upper at six oclock.我期待着你六点钟来吃晚饭。We were expecting a letter from her. 我们当时正期待着她的来信。）expect后跟动词不定式：I hardly expected to find you still here.我没想到会发现你仍然在这里。We expect to finish the bridge at the end of the year.我们指望在年底建成这座桥。）expect后跟复合结构：They expect me to work on Saturday.他们指望我在星期六工作。（宾语动词不定式）I didnt ex
16、pect you back so soon.我没有想到你这么快就回来了。（宾语副词） You are expected to be on time every morning.你应该每天上午按时到。（用于被动语态）expect后跟宾语从句：I didnt expect that you were here. 我没有想到你会在这里。We all expect that the weather will be fine tomorrow.我们都希望明天是个好天气。）expect后接so：Will she come soon?I expect so.她会很快来吗？我希望如此。Will he need
17、 help?他需要帮助吗？No I dont expect so.或I expect not. 不，我想他不需要?quot;9，against用法（）indicating opposition表示反对：Is there a law against spitting in the streets in this country?在这个国家有法律禁止在街上吐痰吗？During the Second World War Great Britain fought against Germany.第二次世界大战期间，英国与德国作战。（）to indicate collision and or impac
18、t表示撞击或碰撞：He hit his head against the wall in the darkness.在黑暗之中他的头撞到了墙上。The rain was beating against the windows. 雨点拍打在窗户上。（）indicating support or close proximity表示支撑和紧靠：Please place the ladder against the tree. 请把梯子靠在树上。They put the piano with its. back against the wall.他们把钢琴的后背紧靠着墙放。I looked up an
19、d found he was standing against the door.我抬起头看见他正靠着门站着。10，as soon as, while与when的比较）as soon as: at the moment that当的时候；一就。该连词引导一个时间状语从句，这个状语从句中的谓语动词通常是个瞬间动作，而不是一个持续的动作或者是一种状态。例如： He started as soon as the received the news.他听到消息后就立刻动身。Ill give her the letter as soon as I see her.我一看到她就把这封信交给她。）while
20、: during the time when; at the time as当时候；和同时。该连词引导一个时间状语从句，这个从句中的谓语通常是一个持续性动作或者是一种进行的状态，而不是一个瞬间动作。例如：Ill take good care of the children while you are away.你不在的时候，我会好好照看这些孩子。You carry on the work while I have a rest.我休息的时候你接着做这事。注意：while可以用来表示对照，常译作而，却。下列句中的连词while不可改为when或者as soon as。Mr Brown is a
21、dustman while his wife is a professor.勃朗先生是位清洁工而他的妻子是一位教授。He asked his father why he wasnt able to hatch chickens while hens could.他问父亲，为什么他不能孵出小鸡，母鸡却可以。）when: at or during the time when在时候；当时。该连词引导一个时间状语从句。它连接的谓语可以是瞬间动作或者持续动作，还可以是进行时态或者是一种状态。例如： It was raining when we arrived. 我们到达的时候，正在下雨。She made
22、 a lot of friends when (=while) she stayed in Australia.在澳大利亚的时候，她结识了很多朋友。11，tell一词的几种特殊用法请学习并掌握以下例句中tell的含意。 A lot of people cant tell (=make out) the difference between an American accent and a Canadian accent.许多人不能分辨美国口音和加拿大口音。 How do you tell (=know) which of these buttons to press ?你怎么知道要按这些按钮中
23、的哪一个？ Can Mary tell (=understand) the clock yet ?玛丽现在看得懂（钟表上的）时间了吗？ Do what I tell (= instruct ) you.照我的吩咐去做。 Can you tell(=know apart ) Tom from his twin brother ?汤姆和他的孪生兄弟，你认得出谁是谁吗？ Every blow tells (=have a marked effect).每一击都击中了。 You promised not to tell (= reveal a secret) and now youre done so
24、 !你答应过不泄露秘密，而你现在已经泄露了。12，way 一词的用法Generally speaking, newspapers follow the American way (=manner.)一般来说，报纸遵循美国方式。Could you tell me the way (=road) to the station ?你能指点我去车站的路吗？Is this the way you do it ? (method)这就是你做那件事的方法吗？Canada is bigger than the USA and reaches nearly a quarter of the way (=dist
25、ance) round the earth.加拿大比美国大，国土横跨大约地球周长的四分之一。China and Canada are two of the largest countries in the world. In some ways (= points) they are like each other, but in other ways, they are very different.中国和加拿大是世界上两个最大的国家。在有些方面，两个国家很相象，而在另外一些方面，又是完全不同的。Your work is still a long way (=far) off satisfa
26、ction.你的工作远不能令人满意。Look this way (= direction), please.请向这边看。The crops look wonderful our way (= in our part of the country).我们这一带庄稼长得不错。注：英语中含有way一词的词组有很多，现举例如下：in the way 挡路、妨碍in a way 在某个方面，在某种程度上on the /ones way 在路上out of the way 奇特、不寻常by the way顺便说by way of 由，经过find a way 找到办法lose ones way 迷路fee
27、l ones way 摸索前进fight ones way 奋勇前进make ones way to 向走去lead the way 带头、领先make way for 为让路push ones way 挤着向前13，a large quantity of , plenty of, a large number of, a large amount of和a great deal of.这几个词组意思都是大量，但前两个词组既接可数名词又可接不可数名词；a large number of后接可数名词，a large amount of, a great deal of后接不可数名词。现分别举例如
28、下：The country has a great deal of oil, coal and natural gas.这个国家有大量的石油、煤炭和天然气。He spent a great deal of money on books.他买书花了很多钱。The squirrel hides a large quantity of nuts inside trees.松鼠在树杆里藏了很多坚果。Usually he buys a large quantity of things.他通常总是大量采购东西。There are plenty of eggs in the house.家中有很多蛋。We
29、must get to the station in plenty of time.我们必须及早动身，以便从容抵达车站。A large number of people came from all parts of the country to visit the exhibition.许许多多人从国内各地来参观这个展览。A large amount of money is spent on tobacco every year.每年要花费大量金钱在烟草上。14，be used for, be used as 和be used to dobe used for 意为被用于方面，be used
30、as 意为被当作用，be used to do是动词use的被动语态，意为被用来做，现分别举例如下：The paper is used for newspaper.这种纸被用来印报纸。Bamboo can be used for building.竹子可用于建筑。The living-room was used as a laboratory.那间起居室被用作实验室。The fork can be used as a tool.叉子可被用作工具。The fork is used to turn over the soil.耙子被用来翻土。A knife is used to cut bread
31、.用小刀切面包。15，leave的用法1）leave 作剩下解时多用过去分词形式，在句中一般作定语或表语。如：If the population goes on increasing, there will only be standing room left for us next century.如果世界人口继续增长，那么下世纪留给我们的只是供站着的地方。I felt I had little energy left.我感到一点劲儿也没有了。Theres much left for us to be done.我们还有很多事情要做。Ive still got a few tickets l
32、eft for you.我们还有几张票留给你们。2）leave 作搁置一边暂不解决解。如：You cant leave what you can do today till tomorrow.你不能把今天能做的事留到明天。I think perhaps we might leave it for the moment.我看或许我们可以暂时不谈这事。He took up (= continued) the story where he had left it.他接着讲上次没讲完的故事。3）leave可接带过去分词、现在分词、形容词、名词的复合结构，复合结构中作宾语补足语的动词用过去分词还是现在分
33、词取决于它与宾语之间的关系。如：Im sorry Ive left a little work unfinished.对不起我还有些事情没干完。He left a few questions unanswered.他还有些问题没有作答。His letter left her feeling very excited.他的信使她感到兴奋不已。4）leave表示留给、交给，这时一般与介词with或to搭配。Youd better leave the matter with (或 to ) us.你最好把这事交给我们办。He has left a number of books with me /
34、to me.他把好些书存在我这儿/ 留给了我。We didnt find him and left word (或 a message) with his neighbour.我们没有找到他，于是就托他的邻居留了一个条。【注】 leave后面用with 和to都可以，但意思有所不同，用 with 表示暂存，以后还要取回，用to表示留给，以后不再索还。句(16)中两介词都可用，句意一样，句(17) 指具体事物时则明显不一样，句(18)根据句意只能用with，不能用to，因为便 条还要转交给别人。5）leave一词的其它常见用法：Because of his illness, he was nev
35、er left alone.由于生病，他身边总留人。Leave her alone.别管她。（或别惹她）。Oh, dear ! She has left behind her travelling bag.唉呀！ 她旅行包忘拿了。6）leave可作名词用，ask for leave表示请假，ask for sick leave表示请病假，be on leave表示在休假。16，fail的用法1）fail= be unsuccessful, 作没有能够（做成）解，后面可接in介词短语或不定式短语，两结构可相互转换而不改变句意。在指某门学科考试不及格时，除可用以上两结构以外，还可直接接一名词，三个
36、结构在意思上相同。如： I failed to persuade him.=I failed in persuading him.=I didnt persuade him.我没能说服他。 He failed to understand what I meant.=He failed in understanding what I meant.=He didnt understand what I meant.他没能明白我的意思。 He failed to keep his words.=He failed in keeping his words.=He didnt keep his wor
37、ds.他没有履行他的诺言。 He failed in the examination.= He failed the examination.= He failed to pass the examination.他考试不及格。 He failed (in) physics.= He failed to pass the physics exam.= He didnt pass the physics exam.他物理不及格。2）fail 可用来表示衰退、缺乏等意思。如：His memory /eyesight/health is failing/is beginning to fail.他的
38、记忆力/视力/健康状况正在衰退。She has been failing in health for the last two months.最的两个月她身体越来越差。The water and food supply has failed.水和粮食的供应不足。The teacher failed me in maths.老师评我数学考试不及格。17，injure, hurt和would.这三个词都表示受伤、伤害。injure 指意外事故中受伤，如骨折、摔伤等。hurt可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，多指抽象的概念。wound 通常指因割、刺、打、撕裂等而受的损伤，特指战斗中的刀伤枪
39、伤。试比较：The player was injured in his right leg.那位选手的右脚受伤了。More than 300 people were heavily injured in that train accident.在那次火车事故中有300多人受了重伤。His leg was badly hurt (=injured) while playing football.踢足球时他的腿受了重伤。She was badly hurt at his words.=His words hurt her feelings badly.他的话严重伤了她的感情。The bullet
40、wounded him in the head.子弹伤了他的头部。He was baldy wounded in the chest in that fight.那次打架中他胸部受到了严重伤害。【注】指感情上的伤害时，多用hurt，但有时也可用injure或wound. 可以说 What you said hurt/injured/wounded her deeply. （你的话深深地伤害了她的心。）【注】 在形容词，过去分词前用定冠词 the, 可代表一类人，具有复数意义，作主语时，谓语应用复数形式。如the injured/wounded(伤员)。 the sick (old, young
41、) (病人，老年人，年青人)。The wounded / The sick are being taken good care of. （伤员/病人正得到很好的护理）高二英语上册知识点验收（一）学科：英语 年级：高二 撰稿：毕勤 审稿：李俊和 责编：张晓俊一、单项填空从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。1. What the headmaster _ at the meeting has something to do with you.A. referred to B. pointed to C. talked to D. spoke to2. In the old days,
42、the workers worked hard _ for the boss, but they were paid very little.A. all the year around B. year in and outC. all a year round D. all the year round3. - There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.-It _ a comfortable journey.A. cant be B. shouldnt beC. mustnt h
43、ave been D. couldnt have been 4. In these villages, many old customs are dying _.A. away B. outside C. down D. out5. The winds _ the clothes that were hanging on the line.A. pushed over B. blew away C. cut through D. blew down6. - Would it be all right for you to come at seven oclock ?-_.A. Thank yo
44、u . I will B. Ill be glad toC. Yes, thats right D. Yes, that will be fine7. When I washed the coat, the colours _.A. worked B. went C. ran D. walked8. They boy _ that he _ the money.A. insisted/had not stolen B. insisted/would not stealC. said / not steal D. told / had not stolen9. Can you _ how muc
45、h _ to build that power station ?A. work on / it cost B. work out / it costsC. work at /does it cost D. work up / it will costs10. Hows your father ? We are _ his health.A. anxious about B. thinking of C. eager for D. worried for11. _ it easy. Dont _ yourself to the trouble of feeling sorry.A. Do /
46、make B. Make / take C. Find / get D. Take / put12. Dont you know that I always succeed in _ I try ?A. no matter what B. which C. whatever D. whichever13. He likes coffee, _ his wife likes tea.A. when B. as C. while D. since14. - Would you like me to carry this large box for you ?-_.A. No , thanks. I
47、 can manage it myself.B. No. Thank you for all your help C. Thats all right . Give me a hand, pleaseD. Sorry , but its kind of you15. _ 1995, sales of the daily newspaper among American adults reduced _5% in 1996.A. To compare to / at B. Compared to / inC. Compared with / by D. Compared with / to16.
48、 The studios Disney_ years ago are still busy today, _ more and more interesting films.A. managed / and produced B. setting up/makingC. started/ producing D. starting / and are making17. If you feel sorry for having done something wrong, you may probable _.A. hang your head B. shake your fistC. hold
49、 up your head D. keep your fingers crossed18. Thirty students in my class are boys. The rest _ girls. There are fifty students _.A. is / altogether B. are/ in all C. are / together D. is / of all19. Cattle _ kept off the fields by a bamboo fence.A. are B. is C. has D. have 20. Every student except t
50、he two boys _ to the Great Wall before.A. have been B. has been C. have gone D. has gone21. Dont cry. _ is of _.A. Crying /using B. To cry / uselessC. Crying / no use D. Cry / little use22. The photographer failed _ his photos because they were exposed (曝光).A. to wash B. to develop C. washing D. dev
51、eloping23. Thank you for the trouble you have _ to help us.A. put B. taken C. made D. done24. They measured the room and found it was 4 meters _ 5 meters.A. to B. for C. by D. with 25. - Do you mind my taking the book away ?-_. A. Certainly, please do B. No, you cant take it awayC. Yes, please do D.
52、 No, go ahead26. At the shopping center, she didnt know what _ and _ with an empty bag.A. to buy / left B. to buy / leaveC. to be bought / left D. was to buy / leave27. Not the teacher but the students _ excited.A. is B. being C. remains D. are28. The newly-opened library is popular _ students.A. to
53、 B. with C. from D. by29. Since everyone is here. Lets get down _ our work.A. doing B. to do C. to doing D. of doing30. What a pity it is ! Mary has lost her bag _ many _ pictures.A. contained / value B. containing / valuableC. to contain / pleasing D. to be contained / popular31. Were going to hold
54、 a party in that hotel. Lets _ a time for it.A. fix B. make C. find D. look32. - Im sorry to have troubled you.-_.A. All right B. It doesnt matterC. Dont be sorry D. Not at all 33. Chaplin acted in 35 films , _ he wrote and directed.A. many of them B. many of which C. many D. that34. -Can you put me
55、 through to 9428075 ?-OK. _.A. This is Mary B. Mary speakingC. Who are you D. Hold on, please35. China is a _ country while the USA is a _ country.A. developing / developing B. developed / developedC. developing / developed D. developed / developing36. They left their homeland and _ a new place.A. l
56、ive in B. settled down C. settled in D. lived37. Can you _ that apple _ the tree ?A. get to / in B. reach for / inC. reach / on D. get to / on38. I talked for a long time, and in the end I _ make her believe me.A. could B. can C. must D. was able to39. One ought _ for what one hasnt done.A. not to b
57、e punished B. to not be punishedC. to not punish D. not be punished40. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre.A. that B. where C. which D. when二、单词拼写根据中文注释或所给单词首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，完成句子。41. Nobody can be such a s_ as Albert Einstein.42. I will c_ down the number
58、. Five, four, three, two, one.43. Did you see an a _ of selling a bicycle in Beijing Daily ?44. Im sure it was 8 oclock because I heard the clock s_ 8 times.45. Call the doctor, please. He is b_ . Blood is running down his nose.三、单句改错。下列每个句子只有一处错误，请根据句意找出错误，并加以改正。46. He dropped on Jenny in the hope
59、of getting help from her.47. The team had won no game and it lost its heart.48. They always smile, and always friendly and polite to visitors.49. I persuaded him not to smoke any more, and he promised to think about it.50. Do you want a bath at once. or else shall I have mine first ?51. The manager
60、doesnt fit for his position.52. They searched for the whole town but could not find a fruit-shop open.53. Walking slowly across the grass he pointed the pipe to the lion and fired.54. If you dont take his advice serious, you may make a big mistake.55. When you travelling, you should take care of you
61、r health.【答案】1-5 ADDDB 6-10 DCABA 11-15 DCCAC 16-20 CDBAB21-25 CBBCD 26-30 ADBCB 31-35 ABBDC 36-40 CCDAB41. scientist 42. count 43. advertisement 44. strike 45. bleeding 46. onin on 47. lost its heartlost heart48. alwaysare always 49. persuadedadvised50. or elseor 51. doesnt isnt52. searched forsear
62、ched 53. toat54. seriousseriously 55. travellingare traveling精析：1. A 。refer to涉及； talk to sb. / talk about / of sth.3D对过去的事的判断用助动词+完成时态。must只能用于肯定句中判断与推?quot;。8Ainsist接从句，表示坚持某人的观点、看法时不用虚拟形式。10Abe anxious about 担心，be eager for 渴望。12Cwhatever用于名词性从句或状语从句中，此处作介词in的宾语；no matter what只用于状语从句中。18Bthe rest
63、 = the rest of the students, 谓语动词用复数，in all总计。27DNot. but. 谓语动作与临近主语保持一致。37Con the tree. 指 长在树上的东西。38Dbe able to 指经过努力能。Unit 9 Saving the earth北京四中 毕勤一、本单元重点知识归纳 1、重点词汇be fit forhear aboutlarge populationblow awaytime and time againlose ones sightpour intodie outturn intomake progress2、语法知识学习过去分词和现在
64、分词的用法分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容和副词的句法功能。它分为现在分词和过去分词两类。现在分词和过去分词的主要差别在于现在分词有一般式和完成式，过去分词则只有一般式。现在分词表动作正在进行，表主动。过去分词及物动词表动作已经完成，表被动。过去分词不及物动词表动作已经完成，表主动。过去分词的句法功能：（） 作定语I like to read the novel written by Lu Xun.The woman who sat beside the broken window was a friend of mine.（） 作表语When I came into the room,
65、I found the window was broken.Im interested in this book.（） 作宾语补足语Im going to have my bike repaired.When I walked home, I saw the thief caught by the police.（4）、作状语 Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks small. The teacher came into the classroom, followed by his students.现在分词的句法功能。（1）、作主
66、语Its no use telling him that.Losing the ticket to the concert made him sad.（2）作宾语I hate being spoken ill of.He considered visiting Japan during the winter vocation.（3）、作表语Seeing is believing.The book is interesting.（4）、作宾语补足语I noticed him crossing the street.Mother caught him smoking in the kitchen.
67、（5）、作定语Do you know the man writing a letter?The worker running a machine is my brother.（6）、作状语Seeing from the top of the mountain, I found the city was beautiful.Walking along the street, they suddenly saw him.分词使用中的几个问题（1）、现在分词的完成式 Having cleaned the room, I went out.（2）、现在分词的否定式 Not having receive
68、d any letter, he felt a little worried.（3）、现在分词与过去分词的不同 现在分词表示主动、正在，过去分词表示被动、完成 I found the man killed there. I found the man standing there.（4）、have结构 We have the car repaired. We have repaired the car. We have Tom repair the car. We have Tom repairing the car the whole morning.（5）、分词作表语 We were ex
69、cited at the news. The football game is exciting.（6）、独立主格结构 It being a fine day, we went out to visit the park. 二 重点句型 1. It is thought that 人们认为 这是用先行词it作形式主语，而将主语从句后置的句型。类似的我们已学过 的又如：It is hoped that；It is believed that；It is known that等。例 如： It is thought (=People think) that in the next 40 years
70、 as many as 100,000 people will die in Russia as a result of illness caused by this accident. 2. One suggested answer is for farmers to limit the numbers of their cattle.一 个参考办法是农夫们限制他们牲畜的数量。 这是不定式的复合结构，在句中作表语，此句可改写为： One suggested answer is that farmers must/should limit the numbers of their cattle
71、. 3. To my great joy, the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for.使 我极为高兴的是，这种植物同我们所找的那种完全是一样的。 what从句作介词like的宾语。宾语从句常作及物动词的宾语，但有时也作 介词的宾语。又如： I was pleased by what he told me about the job. 4. If we go on polluting the world, it wont be fit for us to live in. for us to live in是不定式的复合结构
72、，用作表语形容词fit的状语。句中it指 的是the world。it是to live in的逻辑宾语。又如： The chair is comfortable to sit in.二 练习单项填空1. Such a small office is not fit _. A. of us to workB. for us to work in C. for us to workD. of us to work in2. No one could guess the _ of the fire. A. causeB. reasonC. excuseD. start3. We three shar
73、e _. Besides three single beds, weve got _ for our washer and refrigerator.A. room, no roomB. one room, no roomC. room, no placeD. a room, not a room4. The water of this lake cant be drunk. Quite a lot of diseases _ it. A. has been inB. enter C. are present inD. has dirtied5. Many rare（稀有的）animals h
74、ave _ because of the part humans have played. A. been diedB. died from C. died ofD. died out6. Before _ us, you must _ the form. A. join, fill inB. joining in ,fill in C. joining, fill inD. joining in, fill7. If you go into a forest for a trip without a guide, its very easy _. A. losingB. to get mis
75、sed C. to loseD. to get lost8. When the snow stops, remember _ the snow from the school paths. A. to clearB. sweeping C. clearingD. clean9. In todays newspaper it _ that nuclear waste has been discovered. A. noticesB. writesC. saysD. has10. Nothing can _ us _ each other. A. divide, intoB. divide, up
76、 C. separate, fromD. separate, into11. Cattle _ kept there by a bamboo fence. A. areB. isC. hasD. have12. We must get up early tomorrow _ we can catch the first train to London. A. so thatB. so that C. orD. however13. Though normally I can walk for miles without taking any rest, I found todays walk
77、to the village very _.A. tiredB. tiringC. tiresomeD. wornout14. I thought it over, but could _ no conclusion. A. come toB. come after C. come out ofD. come into15. It promises _ tomorrow. A. to be fineB. me to be fine C. being a fine dayD. me being a fine day 阅读理解James Anthony, who is considered to
78、be the greatest living play writer of the American theater, was born in Bangor, Maine in 1921. He attended the public schools of Bangor and although he was the son of a poor European, he found a way to go to college. In 1939, he won a scholarship (奖学金) to the University of Maine, where he spent almo
79、st the next four years studying. He served for years in the army and then left it in 1945, at the close of World War II. In the army his job was to translate French papers into English, although his best foreign language was Italian. The army made him a French translator and for a year he was statio
80、ned in Paris.1. According to this passage, how did Anthony gain his fame?A. By attending public school in Bangor, Maine.B. While serving in the U. S. Army.C. As a play writer in the American theater.D. As a French translator while stationed in Paris.2. How much time did Anthony spend in college?A. T
81、hree years. B. Almost four years C. Two years. D. More than four years.3. How many foreign languages did Anthony know?A. At least three. B. Two. C. At least four. D. More than four .4. When did Anthony practise writing plays?A. When he was eighteen years old.B. At the age of twenty-four. C. While he
82、 was in the Army.D. The article doesnt tell us.5. The Army gave Anthony a job _.A. which is unfit for him at allB. according to his best skillC. according to what the Army neededD. according to where he was stationed答案与解析单项填空15 BABCD610 CDACC1115 ABBAA 阅读理解15 CBBDC解析：1、Bbe fit for sb. to so sth.适合某人
83、做某事。2、Acause是事故的起因，而reason则是某种现象的原因。3、Bshare one room共用一间屋子，no room意为没地方。4、Cbe present in 表示现在的状态。5、Ddie out死光，而die of，die from 因而死亡。6、Cbefore是介词，后接动词应用ing形式，fill in 填表。7、Dget lost迷路，或丢了，也可说get missing。8、Aremember to do 是记住去做某事。9、Cit says报纸上写到，不用it writes。10、Cseparatefrom把同类人或物隔开，divide则是把一个整体分为几个部分
84、。11、Acattle是复数名词。12、Bso that 是连词，或接从句。13、Btiring使人疲倦，而tired则是本人感到累。14、Acome to 达到，得出结论。15、A此处promise表示预示，非常可能是。阅读：1、C因为第一行说他是最伟大的play writer之一。2、B见第四行。3、B已知他会French和Italian。4、D何是练习写作文中没有明确说。5、C他在军队中的工作是按军队需要安排的。期末复习（二）一词多意学科：英语 年级：高二 撰稿：张晓俊 审稿：李俊和 责编：张晓俊在英语词汇中，有许多词具有两种或两种以上的词性。例如：poison n.毒物；poison
85、vt. give poison to; put poison on/in; kill with poison投毒，毒杀；使中毒。这种一词多词性的现象，反映英语词汇的转化功能。这在高二英语的学习中得以集中体现，本专题试图将这学期所学的具有多词性的单词用法做一小结，请注意它们词性的转化及意思的变化。如：aid： He and his family lived on government aid for two years. 他和家人靠政府援助生活了两年。（aid名词：救助，帮助） They encouraged and aided him in his scientific studies.在科学
86、研究方面他们给他以鼓励和帮助。（aid动词：帮助）wound：The soldier had a terrible wound in his left let.那个士兵左腿上有个很严重的伤口。（wound名词：伤口）The bullet wounded the policeman in the right arm.子弹击伤了警察的右臂。（wound动词：使受伤）burn：He died of the burns he received in the fire.他死于火灾时所受的烧伤。（burn名词：烧伤）Many houses were burnt down in the fire.火灾中有许
87、多房屋被烧毁。（burn动词：烧毁，烧）bite： The dog bit the girl in the leg.那狗咬了小女孩的腿。（bite动词：咬，叮咬）His face was covered with insect bites.他满脸都是蛟虫咬伤。（bite名词：叮伤，咬伤）下面将逐一总结：1，room名词room有两种不同的含义：）可数名词part of a house or other building enclosed by walls, floor and ceiling室；房间。例如：This hotel has twenty-seven rooms. 这家旅店有27间房
88、子。）不可数名词space that is or might be occupied or that is enough for a purpose被占或可能被占的空间；足够某一目的所需的空间。例如： Is there any room for me in the car? 车里还有我坐的空位吗？I feel that the desk takes up too much space/room.我觉得这桌子太占地方了。Can you make room on that shelf for some more books?你能在书架上腾出些地方再放些书吗？2，presentpresent是一个多
89、词性的词，它可以用作名词、动词和形容词。）present preznt n. gift礼品，赠品。例如：birthday presents生日礼物。又如：Im buying it for a present(=as a gift), so please wrap it up nicely.我买这东西作礼物，请好好地包装。）present prizent vt. give, offer给，赠送。The students presented flowers to their teacher.学生们向老师赠送了鲜花。）present preznt adj. being in the place of
90、 in question出席的，在场的。（其名词形式为presence出席，在场；其反义词是absent缺席的，不在场的。）How many people were present at the meeting? 有多少人出席了这次会议？He was pleased at seeing so many people present.看到有这么多的人到场，他感到高兴。3，damage）n. harm or injury that causes loss of value损坏，损害。常与介词to连用，构成动宾搭配do/cause damage to。The storm last night did
91、 great damage to the crops.昨晚的暴风雨对农作物造成极大的损害。Earthquakes will usually cause great damage to buildings.地震通常会对建筑物造成巨大的损坏。）vt. cause damage to损坏。How did you damage your car? 你的车是怎样损坏的？Many of the books were damaged by fire. 大部分书被火烧坏了。4，right）adj. (of conduct, etc.) normally good; required by law or dut
92、y（指行为等）正当的，合法的；应该的；true, correct, satisfactory正确的，对的，令人满意的。Youre right in deciding not to go. 你决定不去是很正当的。What you said at the meeting is quite right. 你在会上说的话是十分正确的。Thats not the right way to do the experiment. 那不是做这个实验的正确方法。在这一词义上，right的反义词为wrong。）adv. straight; directly一直地；直接地；justly, correctly, pr
93、operly, satisfactorily公正地，正确的，适当地，令人满意地。You didnt spell that word right. 那个单词你没有拼对。Nothing seems to go right with him (=Everything he does is a failure). 他似乎没有一件事情是顺心的。He was standing right beside me. 他就站在我旁边。(right放在状语之前，表示：就；正。)）（与left相对）adj.右面的；右方的；n. side or direction on ones right hand右边，右面，右方。
94、In Great Britain traffic keeps to the left, not the right side of the road.在英国车辆靠路的左边而非右边走。Tim sat on my right, Jim on my left. 蒂姆坐在我的右边；吉姆坐在我的左边。5，order1）n. request to supply goods定购，定单，定货。We place/ gave an order for two tons of coal.我们订购了两吨煤炭。2）v. give an order to sb. for sth. 定购。Mr Wilson has ord
95、ered some new clothes for his wife.威尔逊先生给妻子定购了一些新衣服。6，trust1）n. confidence, strong belief, in the goodness, strength reliability of sth. or sb.（常与介词in连用。）A child usually has perfect trust in its mother. 小孩通常完全相信母亲。2）v. have trust in; believe in the honesty and reliability if信赖；信任；相信。He is not the so
96、rt of man to be trusted/not a man I would trust.他不是一个可靠的人不是我可信赖的人。7，judge1）n. public officer with authority to hear and decide cases in a law court 审判官，法官。Jims father is a serious judge. 吉姆的父亲是一位严肃的法官。2）v. act as a judge; hear and try cases in a law court审判；审理。Who is going to judge the next case. 谁将
97、审判下一个案件？8，fool1）n. person without much sense愚人，呆子，傻瓜。What fools we were not to see the trap! 我们没有看出那个陷阱，多么傻啊！2）v. cheat, deceive欺骗。He fooled her out of her money. 他骗走了她的钱9，change1）v. give or receive sth. in return 互换，兑换。Can you change this five-pound note? 你能兑换这张五英镑的钞票吗？2）n. money in small unit; mon
98、ey that is the difference between the price or the cost of sth. and the sum offered in payment小额货币；零钱；（购物付款后）找回的零钱。Can you give me the change for a one-pound note? 你能替我换一英镑零钱吗？10，attack）用作名词（）violent attempt to hurt, overcome, defeat攻击，进攻；攻打。例如：We made a surprise attack upon the enemy at dawn. 拂晓时分，
99、我们向敌人发起突然袭击。Attack is said to be the best form of defence. 常言道，攻击就是最好防御。（）start occurence, eg of disease（疾病等的）发作；侵袭。My son had an attack of fever yesterday morning. 昨天上午我的儿子突然发烧。My uncle often has a heart attack. 我叔叔的心脏病经常发作。）用作动词：make an attack upon攻击，进攻，抨击；侵袭。We attacked the enemy at dawn. 拂晓时分，我们
100、向敌人发起进攻。If the lion becomes hungry, it might attack people. 如果狮子感到饥饿，它可能会攻击人。11，frightenfrighten: fill with fright or terror; alarm suddenly使吃惊；使惊骇；使害怕。）用作及物动词：Did the noise frighten you? 那声音使你吃惊吗？He left his gun outside so as not to frighten his wife. 为了不吓着他的妻子，他把枪留在外面了。Dont frighten him. He is tel
101、ling the truth. 别吓他，他正在说实话。）frighten的过去分词用作表语或定语：She was frightened to look down from the top of the tall building. 从高楼顶上往下看时，她感到害怕。He was frightened at the thought of the coming examination. 一想到即将到来的考试，他就害怕。What made the children so frightened? 什么使得孩子们这样害怕。That frightened horse ran away from the fi
102、re. 受惊的马逃离了火场。12，smell）n. that one of the five senses which is special to the nose嗅觉；that which is noticed by means of the nose气味。Smell is more acute in dogs than in men. 狗的嗅觉比人灵敏。Taste and smell are closely connected. 味觉和嗅觉关系密切。What a nice/terrible smell! 多么好闻难闻的气味！）v. be aware of through the sense
103、 of smell嗅出，闻到（常出can和could连用；不用于进行时态）：Can/Do you smell anything unusual? 你闻到一股特殊的气味没有？The camels can smell the water a mile off. 骆驼可以闻到一英里以外的水。）vt. use ones sense of smell in order to learn sth. 嗅，闻；吸入的气味。（可用于进行时态。）Smell this and tell me what it is. 闻闻这东西，告诉我它是什么。The lion is smelling the face of the
104、 sleeping baby. 狮子在熟睡的婴儿脸上闻来闻去。）link-v.用作连系动词：give out the smell发出的气味；有的气味。The flowers smell sweet. 这些花气味芬芳。The food smells nice（不用nicely或well）。这食物闻起来很香。13，fire）n.（不可数名词）：condition of burning火。There is no smoke without fire. （谚语）无火不起烟；无风不起浪。The house was on fire. 房子着火了。）n.（可数名词）instance of destructi
105、ve burning火灾；burning fuel in a grate, furnace, etc. to heat a room, building, for cooking。例如：There are many forest fires in this country in winter. 在冬季，这个国家发生许多森林火灾。There were eight fires in the city last night. 昨天晚上城里发生八起火灾。There is a fire in the next room. 隔壁房里有炉火。）v. discharge(a gun, etc.); send(
106、a shell, etc.) from a gun放枪，射击，射出，开火。The officer ordered his men to fire. 那军官命令士兵开枪。We fired our guns at/on the enemy. 我们向敌人开火。14，lift 1）作名词，意为搭车或电梯。如：I hope that somebody is going to offer me a lift home.我希望有人会让我搭车回家。Can you give me a lift to the station ?你能让我搭车去车站吗？Please take the lift to the tent
107、h floor.请乘电梯到十层楼。2）lift 还可作动词，意为举起、抬起、（烟雾等）消散。如：The box is too heavy for me to lift.这箱子太重，我搬不动。This piece of good luck lifted her spirits.这次幸运使她非常高兴。The fog began to lift.雾开始消散。北 京 四 中 高二英语上册知识点验收（二） 一、单项填空1.I like football best of all. Whats your _.A. favor B. favorite C. prefer D. like2. Ive just
108、heard a warning _ the radio _a hurricane may be _ its way.A. on/which/on B. on/that/on C. over/that/in D. in/which/on3. The heavy snow _ difficulty _ our task.A. added/to B. put/to C. added up/to D. got/into4. Later _ the center had a great many trees planted.A. of B. to C. from D. on5. At that _ mo
109、ment the animal bent over the baby.A. correct B. right C. proper D. very6. I saw your friend the other day.A. one day B. a few days ago C. some dayD. these days7. She carefully did up all the buttons and went out.A. fastened B. made up C. cleared away D. picked up8. You can often pick up packs of us
110、ed stamps very cheaply.A. choose B. exchange C. buy D. make9. I can hardly avoid meeting him since we live in the same building.A. put off B. keep away from C. come across D. call back10. He set off for work an hour ago. Hasnt he arrived yet now ?A. started work B. left for work C. began work D. sto
111、pped working11. He got up early _ he could catch the first bus.A. so B. for C. so as to D. in order that12. The doctor _ for wont be here until lunch time.A. send B. sent C. has been sent D. sending13. Have you _ food for the holiday ?A. a few B. a good many C. enough D. a large number of14. He used
112、 a small cup _ an ashtray (烟灰缸).A. in the place of B. in place C. in place of D. take the place of15. She told us most of the story, but _ the bit about her uncle.A. gave up B. help back C. stopped at D. kept back16. This new dress seemed too large for her, but it happened_.A. to dress B. to suit C.
113、 to fit D. to be fit for17. You can _ her surprise when she got the news.A. think B. imagine C. believe D. suppose18. The painting looks better if seen _ distance.A. in the B. in a C. at the D. at a19. I dont understand that sentence.Lets get Tom _ it again.A. explain B. to explain C. explained D. e
114、xplaining20. When you get to the top of the hill you may see as _ as the dam.A. long B. well C. far D. much21. The problem _ very careful thought.A. points out B. shares with C. belongs to D. calls for22. _ her classmates, she was lucky enough.A. Compared to B. Thanks to C. No more than D. After all
115、23. The man talked _ he knew everything.A. because of B. though C. as if D. that24. They left _ so they didnt say good-bye to the host.A. in a hurry B. in a short while C. in the air D. as a result25. Jack had eaten so much that he _ on the way home.A. threw away B. threw up C. took out D. turned ou
116、t26. The boy _ his bag on the desk after he came in.A. lay B. lain C. laid D. lied27. Stacey seems like a bright student.Shes always the first _ her work.A. to finish B. finishing C. to being finished with D. to be finish with28. When they _ oil, they asked the boy to buy some.A. ran out B. ran out
117、of C. used as D. spent29. My knees hurt very badly._. Ill call the doctor, and he will be here soon.A. Take it easy B. I agree with youC. Its not my fault D. So do I30. _ three times in a row, the boxer（拳击手）decided to give up fighting.A. Because having been defeated B. Because he have been defeatedC
118、. Having been defeated D. Having defeated31. You look nervous.This thunder (雷声) makes me_.A. scary B. scare C. scaring D. scared32. Its difficult to make money as an artist.Have you considered _ a course in business for artists ?A. to take B. your taking C. taking D. about taking33. I cant open the
119、top of this apple juice._it.A. Mark have to do B. Make Mark to doC. Have Mark do D. Have Mark done34. Your homemade ice cream is so good. Whats your secret ?_good ice cream, you need to use a lot of cream.A. Made B. To make C. Making D. Make35. Whats wrong with Henry ?He needs _.A. cheer up B. cheer
120、ing up C. to be cheer up D. to cheer up 二、单词拼写根据中文注释或所给单词首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，完成句子。36. The r _ of the car prices makes it easier for people to buy cars.37. His _ (到达) there made them so happy.38. Americans _(发音) differently from the British people.39. He didnt work hard so his salary is below the _ (平均
121、) level.40. Ive spent a lot of money so I cannot _ (付得起) a movie ticket. 三、单句改错。下列每个句子只有一处错误，请根据句意找出错误，并加以改正。41. The waters of this great lake have dirtied by waste from a chemical factory.42. The President and the Secretary of State are government officers.43. The basket of oranges, apples, and ban
122、anas were sent as a Christmas present.44. He never talked to me about he learning English before.45. The director and the chief engineer is an experienced person. 【参考答案】 15 BBADD 610 BACBB 1115 DBCCD 1620 CBDBC2125 DACAB 2630 CABAC 3135 DCCBB36. reducing 37. arriving 38. pronounce 39. average40. aff
123、ord41. have have been 42. officersofficials43. werewas 44. hehis 45. the chiefchief 【解析】 3Aaddto “添到”，add up to “总计”。5Dvery 此处起加强语气作用。11Din order that +从句，表目的。so as to 按动词原形，也表目的。13A，B，D接可数名词复数，故选C。14Cin place of “替代，取代”，take the place of是动词短语，此句不缺谓语。15Dkeep back “保留”。16C此处 fit为动词，尤指衣服合身。18Dat a dis
124、tance “隔一段距离”，in the distance“在远处”。22Acompare to “对比”，其逻辑主语是she，故用过去分词。23Cas if 接从句，此处用了虚拟形式。28Brun out of sth. “用完，用光”，注意，这个短语没有被动语态。 NEW YEARS DAYNEW YEARS DAY is the first day of the calendar year. People in almost every country celebrate this day as a holiday. The celebrations are both festive a
125、nd serious. Many people make New Years resolutions to break bad habits or to start good ones. Some think about how they have lived during the past year and look forward to the next 12 months. Early CustomsMany ancient peoples started the year at harvest time. They performed rituals to do away with t
126、he past and purify themselves for the new year. For example, some people put out the fires they were using and started new ones. In early times, the ancient Romans gave each other New Years gifts of branches from sacred trees. In later years, they gave gold-covered nuts or coins imprinted with pictu
127、res of Janus, the god of gates, doors, and beginnings. January was named after Janus, who had two faces-one looking forward and the other looking backward. The Romans also brought gifts to the emperor. The emperors eventually began to demand such gifts. But the Christian church outlawed this custom
128、and certain other pagan New Years practices in A.D. 567. The ancient Persians gave New Years gifts of eggs, which symbolized productiveness. The Celtic priests of what is now England gave the people branches of mistletoe, which was considered sacred. The Celts took over many New Years customs from t
129、he Romans, who invaded the British Isles in A.D. 43. By the 1200s, English rulers had revived the Roman custom of asking their subjects for New Years presents. Common presents included jewelry and gold. Queen Elizabeth I acquired a large collection of richly embroidered and jeweled gloves through th
130、is custom. English husbands gave their wives money on New Years Day to buy pins and other articles. This custom disappeared in the 1800s. However, the term pin money still means small amounts of spending money. Many American colonists in New England celebrated the new year by firing guns into the ai
131、r and shouting. They also visited taverns and houses to ask for drinks. Other colonists attended church services. Some people held open house, welcoming all visitors and feeding them generously. Another old custom involved using the Bible to predict what would happen in the new year. People chose a
132、passage of the Bible at random. They then applied the passage to the coming months of the new year. Modern CustomsModern customs on New Years Day include visiting friends and relatives; giving gifts; attending religious services; and making noise with guns, horns, bells, and other devices. Children
133、in Belgium write their parents New Years messages on decorated paper. The children read the messages to their families on New Years Day. The Chinese New Year begins between January 21 and February 19. The celebration lasts four days. On the last night, people dress as dragons to frighten and delight
134、 the children. In Japan, many people worship on New Years Day. In the United States, many people go to New Years Eve parties. Crowds gather in Times Square in New York City, on State Street in Chicago, and in other public places. At midnight, bells ring, sirens sound, firecrackers explode, and every
135、one shouts, Happy New Year! People also drink a toast to the new year and sing Auld Lang Syne.On New Years Day, many people in the United States visit relatives, attend religious services, or watch football games on television. Some people attend parades, such as the Tournament of Roses Parade in Pa
136、sadena, California, and the Mummers Parade in Philadelphia. The Date of New YearsThe early Roman calendar used March 1 as New Years Day. Later, the ancient Romans made January 1 the beginning of the year. During the Middle Ages, most European countries used March 25, a Christian holiday called Annun
137、ciation Day, to start the year. By 1600, many Western nations had adopted a revised calendar called the Gregorian calendar. This calendar, the one used today, restored January 1 as New Years Day. Great Britain and its colonies in America adopted it in 1752. Many people celebrate the new year on date
138、s established by their religion. For example, the Jewish New Year, a solemn occasion called Rosh Ha-Shanah, is observed during September or early October. Hindus in different parts of India celebrate the new year on various dates. Muslims use a calendar that has 354 days in most years. As a result,
139、the Muslim New Year falls on different dates from year to year on the Gregorian calendar. Unit 10 At the shop北京四中 李俊和一、本单元重点知识归纳 1、重点词汇or elsechange fortry onjudge byput sb. to the troublebe afterget offdo sb. a favor (to do sth.)depend on/ upon2、语法知识学习短语动词的用法。英语中有许多短语动词在意义上是一个整体，其用法有的相当于及物动词，有的相当于不
140、及物动词，有的兼有及物动词和不及物动词的特征。英语短语动词的构成主要有以下六种：（） 动词介词常见的有look for, look after, send for, care about, ask for, laugh at, hear of (from), add to, lead to等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后。如：Dont laugh at others.I didnt care about it.（） 动词副词常见的有give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in, point out等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，既可放在副
141、词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则要放在副词前边。如：Youll hand in your homework tomorrow.Please dont forget to hand it in.（） 动词副词介词常见的有look down upon, go on with, break away from, add up to, catch up with等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：All his money added up to no more than $100.After a short rest, he went on with his res
142、earch work.（） 动词名词介词常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：You should pay attention to your handwriting.We should make full use of our time.（） 动词形容词常见的有leave open, set free, cut open等。这类短语动词的宾语如果是名词，则宾语可放在形容词的前边，也可放在后边；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词，则必须放在形容词前边。如：The priso
143、ners were set free.He cut it open.（） 动词名词常见的有take place, make friends等。这类短语动词用作不及物动词。如：This story took place three years ago.I make friends with a lot of people.（7）辨析give away(让给，暴露) 和 give up（放弃，停止）put away（放起，收起） 和 put out （扑灭）turn up（出席，放大） 和 turn on （打开）keep out（阻止） 和 keep off （不让靠近）make up（编造，补
144、上） 和 make out（辨认）take off（脱，起飞） 和 take out（拿出）I 例题例 It is wise to have some money _ for old age.A put away B kept up C given away D laid up解析：该题正确答案为。意为“存”；keep up意为“继续”；give away意为“分发”；lay up“贮藏”。例 Heres my card. Lets keep in _.A touch B relation C connection D friendship解析：该题正确答案为A. keep in touch为
145、短语动词，意为“保持联系”。例 _! Theres a train coming.A Look out B Look around C Look forward D Look on解析：该题选A. look out 意为“小心”。3 本单元易错点提示 A、误：What he says, we will go.应把what改为whatever或no matter what。what不引导条件状语从句。B、误：Id like to change this coat into that one.应将into改为for。change for用换。二 重点句型1. put sb. to the trou
146、ble of (doing sth.) 使某人（为做某事）感到为难/麻烦 I just didnt want to put you to the trouble of changing a large note.只不过 我不想麻烦你破开一张大票子罢了。 He didnt want to put me to the trouble of meeting him at the station. 2. show sb. out领某人出去，带某人出去 意思是take sb. out, showing him the way or being polite.例如： Let me show you out
147、, sir. Show him out, please. 3. no matter what conj. 不管什么，无论什么 意思与whatever相同，用来引导一个让步状语从句。例如： No matter what he says, I wont believe him. 4. what was worse更糟糕的是 在句中作插入语，常放在句首或句子中间，用逗号同句子其它部分隔开。例 如： What was worse, this wine was not at all suitable for drinking with a meal. 更糟糕的是，这种酒根本就不适合在进餐时饮用。 He
148、went to the meeting and, what was worse, insisted on speaking.三 练习单项填空1. Mike apologized _ Jane _ what he had said. A. to; forB. to; with C. for; forD. with; about2. _ we will succeed _ the weather. A. If; depend onB. Whether; depends on C. 不填; dependingD. That; depends on3. Its not right to _ a per
149、son only _ his appearance（外表）. A. tell; fromB. judge; by C. judge; forD. decide; by4. He would like us _ with him this weekend. A. to stayB. staying C. stayD. stayed5. Such vegetables _ garlic（蒜）can kill germs. A. likeB. or elseC. andD. as6. Our teacher insisted that Mike _ to a key university. A. w
150、entB. goes C. goD. would enter7. What he left us _ not only the several books. A. wasB. isC. haveD. are8. This is _ question I want to ask you. A. the justB. the very C. right theD. very the9. She stood there listening to the music, _ to tears. A. moveB. movedC. movingD. to be moved10. Bob needs a s
151、uit _ his own measure. A. done forB. doing of C. made toD. making to11. Hearing the news, the woman came up to see _. A. what the matter wasB. what the matter it was C. what was the matterD. what was happened12. He is _ man whom the police _. A. just the, are afterB. right the, is looking for C. the
152、 very, is afterD. the very, are looking13. He has much difficulty in learning English, _, he isnt discouraged. A. soB. andC. orD. however14. She ran fast and soon left the other runners _. A. backB. behindC. awayD. far15. The master scolded Jane _ being late _ school. A. for, forB. about, for C. for
153、, toD. with, to答案与解析15 ABBAD610 CDBBC1115 CADBA 解析：1、Aapologize的基本用法是apologize to sb. for sth.。2、B引导主语从句时，可用whether，不用if。3、Bjudge by根据来判断，而tell from是区别之意。4、A基本结构是would like sb. to do sth.。5、Dsuchas象那样的蔬菜。6、Cinsist后接从句，表示应该去做某事用should do句型，should常可省略。7、Dwhat 此处指books，所以用are。8、Bthe very question中very
154、是形容词，表示正好，恰恰。9、Bshe被感动了，所以用moved。10、Cmake sth. to ones own measure照某人的尺寸制造。11、C此处what视为主语，所以was 不必放在后面。12、Apolice是复数，be after是寻找。13、D此处是意思，语气的转折用however。14、Bleave sb. behind把某人落在后面。15、Ascold sb. for sth.因为某事而责骂某人。期末复习（三）Unit 6-12 语法小结学科：英语 年级：高二 撰稿：张晓俊 审稿：李俊和 责编：张晓俊【前言】 关于Unit1- 5的语法，我们在期中考试已经有了很详细的
155、复习，同学们可以参考“期中复习专题”。Unit 6-12学习的语法知识的分布情况如下：Unit 6复习15单元语法Unit 7 主谓一致Unit 8 情态动词虚拟语气Unit 9 过去分词做表语和定语Unit 10 学习as if 和 no matter的用法Unit 11 过去分词做宾语补足语Unit 12 复习711单元语法其中，“虚拟语气”、“分词”以及“主谓一致”我们在同步辅导的同时都进行了相应的专题辅导，这里也就不在一一赘述。本次专题的主要内容是对as if、no matter以及情态动词的基本用法做个简单总结。 【no matter用法】 使用no matter时，应注意以下几点：
156、1，no matter是从属连词，只能引子从句，不能引出单句。典型错误：No matter what you sayNo matter what，you must keep calm 2，no matter疑问词不能用来引导主语从句和宾语从句，但疑问词ever则可以。例：Ill give the ticket to whoever wants it谁想要这张票，我就给谁。It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants孩子要什么就给什么，一般被认为是不明智的。 3，no：matter和疑问词ho
157、w搭配时，如果how是对从句中某个形容词或副词进行修饰，那么该形容词或副词在句中的位置应放在how之后。典型错误：No matter how the book is interesting，I wont buy it.应改正为：No matter how interesting the book is，I wont buy it不论这本书有多有趣，我不会买它。 4，no matter疑问词之后用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例：No matter where you go，youll find Coca Cola不管你走到哪里，都会看到可口可乐。 5，no matter还可单独使用在句中或用作表语
158、，意为不要紧、没关系。例：If you dont do it，no matter你如果不去做这件事，没关系。Its no matterit makes no matter whether you arrive early or late无论你早到还是晚到都无关紧要。 【as if的用法】 Look as if.句型中句子主语可以是人、事，也可以是形式主语it，而seem as if句型中主语通常只能是it，而不能是人或事。 例：He seems as if he has seen the film()It seems as if he has seen the film，()He(或It)lo
159、oks as if he has seen the film。()他仿佛看过这部电影。 seem还可用于句型Itseemthat从句中，其中it为形式主语。 例：It seems that he has read the book(此处用that，更接近客观事实。)(He seems to have seen the book)他似乎读过这本书。It seems that he is crying(He seems to be crying.)他似乎在哭。It seems that he saw the film last night(He seems to have seen the fil
160、m lastnight)他昨晚似乎看过这部电影。 【情态动词】 1，表示规劝、建议的几个情态动词正面规劝，表示需要做什么事。可用should, ought to与must。例如：I think you should go.(语气最弱)You ought to start at once.(语气中)We must do everything step by step.(语气最强) 2，表示推测的几个情态动词肯定推测一般用may, should, must.（口气逐渐加强译为：可能、应该、必定）You may walk ten kilos without seeing a house.They s
161、hould be home by now, I think.There must be a mistake. 3，表示推测的用法 can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下： 1）情态动词+动词原形。表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。I dont know where she is, she may be in Wuhan. 2）情态动词+动词现在进行时。表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.这时，我们老师想必
162、在批改试卷。 3）情态动词+动词完成时。表示对过去情况的推测。We would have finished this work by the end of next December.明年十二月底前我们很可能已完成这项工作了。The road is wet. It must have rained last night.地是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。 4）情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时。表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。Your mother must have been looking for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。 5）推测的否定形式，疑问形式用cant, couldnt表示。Mike
163、 cant have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。 注意：could, might表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can, may。 4，be able to 与can 的区别： be able to与can 都可以表示能，但要注意三点： （1）be able to的主语必须是人或动物，而 can 没有这个限制。 He can swim. = He is able to swim. (他会游泳-用can或is able to均可) the radio
164、 can be fixed in thirty minutes. (这只收音机可在三十分钟内装好。-句中的can不能换成is able to) （2）be able to 可以有各种时态，而can 只有过去式could.在助动词will, have等之后，只能用be able to, 不能用can如： He will be able to skate as well as you. (他滑冰将会和你一样好。-将来时态，不用can) （3）be able to 的过去式was/were able to 可作设法作成某事讲，相当于managed to do sth.或succeeded to in
165、 doing sth. 例如：With the help of the firemen, they were able to leave the burning house. (在消防队员们帮助下，他们才得法以离开失火的房子。)而could 没有这个含义。当表示没有做成某事，即用否定式时， wasnt/werent able to 与couldnt 没有区别， 可通用。5，比较have to和must 1)两词都是必须的意思，have to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。My brother was very ill, so I had to call t
166、he doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事） 2)have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。He had to look after his sister yesterday. 3） 在否定结构中： dont have to 表示不必；mustnt表示禁止。 You dont have to tell him about i
167、t. 你不一定要把此事告诉他。 You mustnt tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。英语高二期末知识点验收（三）科目：英 语 年级：高二 撰 稿：毕 勤 编审：李俊和 责编：张晓俊一、单项填空从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案1. This is the book I _.A. referred B. referred to C. referred to it D. referred about2. Im sorry to have taken your pen _ mistake.A. by B. on C. about D. with3. Wou
168、ld you be so kind as to tell me _ to deal with it ?A. how B. what C. where D. which4. I dont like this book, because I dont think it _.A. of many use B. useless C. of much use D. of useful 5. Youd better have the prices _ before you decide to buy them.A. check B. checking C. examine D. checked6. She
169、 is seriously ill Wed better _ a doctor.A. call for B. call in C. call on D. send up 7. Well make the shirt _ your own measure. A. by B. to C. with D. for 8. _ by appearance, he is from Africa.A. Judged B. To judge C. Being judged D. Judging9. Im very happy to find the book I am _.A. after B. lookin
170、g after C. after for D. waiting 10. The room is very clean. He _ it just now.A. can clean B. must have cleaned C. may clean D. cant have cleaned 11. - What will happen at the meeting tonight ?-We are going to talk about the problem _ at the last meeting.A. was discussed B. being discussed C. discuss
171、ed D. had been discussed12. I am sorry that my teacher had me _ the text all morning.A. reading B. to read C. have read D. be read13. To learn to speak English well , _.A. much practice is needed B. much practice is needed by oneC. people need no practice D. one needs much practice14. Three-fourths
172、of the bread _ by Tom, and the rest _ left on the table. A. was eaten/were B. were eaten/wasC. was eaten/was D. is eaten/were 15. You as well _ to be chosen next time.A. as I are B. as I am C. I am D. I are 16. -Who _ it be that hasnt turned off the light ?-It _ be David.A. can/will B. can/must C. m
173、ay/may D. will/can 17. When _, his family, which was made up of six members , moved to Chicago, where he would study at a best school.A. still a boy B. a boy stillC. being still a boy D. he was still a boy18. If you want to buy a computer produced just last month, we would like to tell you we have s
174、everal models for you _.A. to choose B. to be chosenC. to choose from D. choose from19. _, where you may stay for a few days.A. Next is another hotel to it B. Next to it is another hotelC. Next to it another hotel lies D. It is next to another hotel 20. - Id like to invite you to dinner this Saturda
175、y, Mr. Smith.-_. A. Oh, no. Lets notB. Id rather stay at homeC. Im very sorry, but I have other plansD. Oh, no. Thatll be too much trouble.二、完形填空通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。Mary and Peter were having a picnic with some friends near a river 21 Mary noticed an object 22 . Look, she 23 her frie
176、nds. Thats a spaceship up there and its going to 24 here. 25 the strange silver-colored spaceship, most of the young people 26 their cars and drove away quickly. Peter 27 of Mary and always stayed 28 her. They, more 29 than frightened, watched the spaceship land, and 30 a door open. When 31 came out
177、, they went to the spaceship and peered inside. In the center of the floor, there was a pile of food. Peter 32 Mary into the spaceship and didnt 33 the door close behind him. The temperature 34 rapidly and the two young people 35 consciousness(知觉). When they woke up, they were 36 to see that they we
178、re back by the river again. The spaceship had gone. Their car was nearby. What happened? asked Mary. Peter 37 his head saying slowly. Dont ask me, perhaps we 38 a dream. Did you. did you see a spaceship ? Yes, said Mary. And we both went into it, then. She 39 her wrist. Thats funny. My watch has sto
179、pped. Oh, Peter, we must have seen a UFO coming from 40 world ! 21. A. then B. when C. that D. there 22. A. nearby B. in the river C. overhead D. there 23. A. smiled at B. pointed to C. pointed at D. shouted to 24. A. take off B. land C. get to D. fly 25. A. Surprised at B. Frightened by C. Pleased
180、with D. Sorry for26. A. came out of B. look C. drove D. got in27. A. was proud B. was afraid C. was fond D. made fun28. A. away from B. on the side of C. close to D. nearly29. A. curious B. excited C. happy D. sad 30. A. saw B. to see C. find D. realized 31. A. someone B. something C. nobody D. a ro
181、bot 32. A. followed B. asked C. carried D. sent 33. A. listen to B. hear C. find out D. hear of34. A. raised B. fell C. came D. froze 35. A. lost B. got C. dropped D. had 36. A. frightened B. interested C. surprised D. glad37. A. stuck B. scratched(搔) C. hit D. beat 38. A. did B. saw C. made D. had
182、39. A. looked at B. saw C. stared D. found 40. A. other B. another C. the other D. others 三、阅读理解阅读下面短文，从所给的选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。（A）Every day at sundown this week, the Summer Film Festival will be showing a film you should really see. A lot of adventure films were made in Hollywood during the 19
183、30s and 1940s, but even in that crowd, The Adventures of Robin Hood stands out. The film is based on the fourteenth century English stories about this charming thief. And like so many early movies, this film is filled with good acting. A youthful Errol Flynn is everything the star of a film should b
184、e. Tall, athletic, and very good-looking , he captures the ideal Robin Hood. Olivia de Havilland makes a perfect Maid Marian. As the bad guys, Claude Rains and Basil Rathbone give wonderful performances of ugly behavior.41. The person who wrote this movie review thinks that_.A. too many adventure fi
185、lms were made in the 1930s and 1940s.B. a new Robin Hood movie should be made C. this movie is one of the best adventure films made in its timeD. the Summer Festival will be crowded42. According to the reviewer, the story presented in The Adventures of Robin Hood _.A. is based on fourteen English st
186、oriesB. is based on old stories about Robin HoodC. is totally newD. is like many other movie stories of that time43. What does he captures the ideal Robin Hood mean ?A. He is perfect as a bad guy.B. He is more handsome than the real Robin Hood.C. He follows and catches Robin Hood.D. His acting as Ro
187、bin Hood was very good44. In the opinion of the writer, Claude Rains and Basil Rathbone _.A. are not good lookingB. are good at acting like bad guysC. are not as talented as Errol FlynnD. caused problems because they behaved badly45. What does the writer think of Errol Flynn as Robin Hood ?A. Flynn
188、is too young for the part.B. Flynn is the best actor in the movieC. Flynn is perfect for the part of Robin HoodD. Flynns personality is like the real Robin Hoods.（B）Many processes within our bodies are timed to cycle of about twenty-four hours. If the body temperature is taken every hour or so throu
189、ghout the day or night each person is found to have a certain pattern. The temperature rises and falls about two degrees every twenty-four hours. Some peoples temperatures rise very rapidly after awakening and then begin to fall in the afternoon ad evening. For others their temperatures rise very sl
190、owly at first, reach a peak in the late afternoon or evening, and do not begin to drop until quite late in the day. In all cases, a persons temperature is at its lowest during the time of sleep. People tend to feel most wide-awake and can work best at the high point of their temperature. You may hav
191、e noticed that some people jump out of bed bright and early and are cheerful and active during the early part of the day, then grow tired in the evening and go to bed quite early. Others find it difficult to get up in the morning and do not seem able to get going very well until afternoon: during th
192、e evening, they are wide-awake and hate to go to bed, People can usually adjust to a different schedule if necessary, but it seems to be more for some people than for others.46. The author says that peoples body temperature _.A. rises two degrees when they first wake upB. falls two degrees when they
193、 first wake upC. rises and falls two degrees while they sleep D. rises and falls two degrees each day47, In general, people can get more done _.A. in the morningB. when their temperature is highest C. when their temperature is lowestD. in the middle of the day48. When people are sleeping _.A. their
194、body temperature does not changeB. their body temperature is lower than it is in the morning C. their body temperature is higher than it is in the morning.D. their body temperature can change as much as two degrees49. According to the passage, people who have trouble waking up in the morning probabl
195、y _.A. show a temperature pattern that is highest in the afternoon or eveningB. show a temperature pattern that rises quickly in the morning.C. should try to be more cheerful and active in the morning D. will all have difficulty changing to a different sleep schedule 50. What does peak mean ?A. chan
196、ge B. low point C. high point D. temperature （C）Once there was a king who never ate a meal unless there was a dish of fish with it, but one day there was a big storm and the fishermen were not able to catch fish, so the king had no breakfast and no lunch. Then he ordered his servants to tell everybo
197、dy in his capital that if anyone brought him a fish, he would give him anything that he asked for. At last a fisherman caught a big fish late in the afternoon and hurried to the kings palace with it. But the kings prime minister would not let him in until he promised to give him half of whatever the
198、 king gave him for the fish. The king was very happy when he saw the fish. He asked the fisherman what he wanted for his fish. To his surprise, the fisherman said, I want you to beat me two dozen times with a stick.When the king began to beat him softly, the fisherman said, No, please hit me as hard
199、 as you can!After the king had hit him a dozen times, the fisherman jumped away and said, That is enough for me. I promised the other dozen to your prime minister. Then he told the king what had happened between the prime minister and himself. The king was very angry. He not only gave the prime mini
200、ster the dozen hits, but also said, Because you have been dishonest, you will not be my prime minister any more. The fisherman will take your place.51. The king didnt have breakfast and lunch because _. A. there was a big stormB. the prime minister didnt bring him any foodC. there was no fish D. his
201、 servants didnt know how to cook well 52. The fisherman took his fish to the kings palace because _.A. the king had promised to give him whatever he wanted B. the king was dying from hunger C. he wanted to teach the prime minister a lessonD. he wanted to be the prime minister 53. When the fisherman
202、told the king what he wanted, the king _.A. was very happy B. was very surprisedC. was very angry D. gave him what he wanted at once 54. Which statement is true ?A. The king wanted to make the fisherman king.B. The king had nothing to eat for one whole dayC. The king ate a dish of fish every dayD. T
203、he king was quite hungry when the fisherman came 55. The king got rid of his prime minister because _.A. the fisherman was cleverer than his prime ministerB. the prime minister did not know how to catch fishC. the prime minister was not an honest manD. the prime minister took half of what the king g
204、ave the fisherman （D）Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. He knows what he wants, and his purpose is to find it and buy it; the price is a less important consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask
205、the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it, the salesman immediately produces it, and the business of trying it is done at once. All being well, the bargain can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyones satisfaction.For a man, slight problem
206、s may begin when the shop does not have what he wants. Then the salesman tries to sell the customer something elsehe offers the nearest he can to the thing required. He usually says, I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it on for size ? It happens to be the co
207、lor you want. Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual reply is: This is the right color and may be the right size, but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.Now how does a woman go about buying clothes ? She does so in the opposite. She has never fully made up her mi
208、nd what she wants, and she is only having a look round. She is always open to persuasion; indeed she considers of great importance what the saleswoman tells her, even what her friends tell her. She will try on any number of things. Highest in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyon
209、e thinks suits her. Most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always trying to find an unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one counter to another before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It takes
210、a great deal of time but gives great joy. Most dress shops supply chairs for the waiting husbands. 56. When a man is buying clothes, he _.A. puts price before qualityB. chooses things that others think suitable for himC. does not mind much the price he has to pay for the right thingsD. buys good qua
211、lity things, so long as they do not cost too much57. From the passage, we know that in shopping for a jacket _.A. men like their jackets to be bigger than their size.B. most men cannot tell whether it is the right size for themC. men make sure it fits them before buying itD. men dont worry whether t
212、he clothes fit well or not so long as it is the right color 58. When a man cannot get what he wants, he _.A. buys something of the same color in a slight different styleB. usually does not buy anythingC. will try on some other clothes of the same style D. wastes no time in buying something else 59.
213、What does the passage tell us about women shoppers for clothes ?A. They welcome suggestions from anyoneB. Women seldom consider buying cheap clothesC. Women often buy things without thinkingD. They listen to advice but never take it60. The most obvious difference between men and women shoppers is _.
214、A. that men do not try clothes on in a shop while women doB. that women bargain for their clothes and men dont C. that women do their shopping standing up but men do theirs sitting downD. the time they take over buying clothes 五、短文改错此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上划一个勾（）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下
215、列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加上一个漏字符号（），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。Before he became a teacher, Tom told me what he 61. _would like to be a lawyer after he left school. 62. _He had worked very hard at his lessons and tried 63. _enter a fa
216、mous university, and something unhappy 64. _happened in his family, that made it necessary for him 65. _to working for a living. As a young man, he had been a 66. _bus-driver as well as a cook. However, he spends 67. _his spare time studying and final became a teacher. 68. _Young people, she often s
217、aid, are full of bright wishes 69. _【答案】15 BAACD 610 BBDAB 1115 CADCA1620 BDCBC 2125 BCDBB 2630 DCCAA3135 CABBA 3640 CBDAB 4145 CBDBC4650DBBAC 5155 CABDC 5660 CCBAD61. whatthat 62. 63. triedtried to64. andbut 65. thatwhich 66. workingwork67. spendsspent 68. finalfinally 69. shehe70. after beforeUnit
218、 11 Hurrincane!北京四中 李俊和一、本单元重点知识归纳 1、重点词汇There you are!be anxious aboutpress againststrikeup todeathbe likely to do sth.offer tocall intake the place of2、语法知识 复习常用时态（1） 一般现在时A.表示经常发生的动作或现在存在的状态，常与sometimes, always, often, every day等时间状语连用。如： Sometimes, we go swimming after school. A. 表示客观真理、科学事实等。如：
219、 The earth goes round the sun. (2) 现在进行时(1) 表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与now, at present等时间状语连用。如：What are you doing now?(2) 和always, continually等连用，表一种经常反复的动作，常含有某种情感。如：He is always doing good deeds.(3) 现在完成时主要表示动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，或动作一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，常与just, already, so far, once, never 等词连用。如:Have you ever be
220、en to Beijing? (4)、一般将来时表示将来某一时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow, next year等连用。如：Ill meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.Were going to see a film next Monday.(5)、一般过去时表示在过去某一时间或某一阶段内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等词连用。如：It happened many years ago.(6)、过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时期正在发生的
221、动作。如：What were you doing this time yesterday?(7)过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。如：The train had already left before we arrived. ()、一般过去将来时表示说话人从过去的角度来看将来发生的动作。如：He said he would come, but he didnt.3、本单元易错点提示 1、误：You are possible to finish it in two days.应把possible改为likely，因为possible不用人作主语。2、误：Oil has
222、 taken place of coal.取代应为take the place of，没有the则是发生了。二 重点句型1. Up to直到，以至；高达 指到某个数量、某个地方或水平。例如： There were many snow storms, with winds of up to 80 kph. He counted up to a hundred. 2. It will be+（时间）+before 要过（多久）才会/才能 此句型中it是无人称代词，指时间。连词before引导时间状语从句。注意 连词before的译法。例如： It will be more than 100 yea
223、rs before the country begins once again to look as it did before. 这个国家要恢复以前那样，得要100多年。（要过100年以后这个国家才能 恢复到以前的样子）。 3. Thats how we got so wet and dirty.我们就是这样弄得又湿又脏的。 注意表语从句中连词how，why，where的译法。例如： This is how we overcame the difficulties. 我们就是这样克服困难的。 That is why she was absent yesterday. 那就是她昨天缺席的原因。
224、 That is where Tom once lived. 那就是汤姆曾经居住过的地方。三 练习单项填空1. The girl didnt go home early, so her mother was _ her. A. worried ofB. anxious to C. anxious aboutD. worry about2. We must _ the rubbish here at once. A. keep awayB. clear away C. do awayD. clean down3. Now plastics has taken _ of wood, iron an
225、d steel in many fields. A. placesB. placeC. the placeD. a place4. About 70 percent of our work has been done _ now. A. atB. withinC. up toD. during5. Mary as well as her parents _ to the Great Wall twice. A. has beenB. have beenC. has goneD. have gone6. His hat didnt fit him well, _. A. but his shoe
226、s didB. nor were his shoes C. his shoes didnt tooD. so did his shoes7. The great damage the earthquake _ made a great many people homeless. A. brought toB. brought about C. brought upD. brought out8. The writer worked _; he must have been tired. A. timeB. long timesC. long hourD. long hours9. _ thes
227、e reasons, he didnt attend the meeting. A. ForB. AtC. ByD. To10. They swept the _ leaves to keep the road clean. A. fallB. fallingC. fallenD. fell11. If you _ someone to go, you believe he will go. A. hopeB. exceptC. expectD. think12. _, we stand; _, we fall. A. To unite, to divideB. Unite, divided
228、C. United, dividedD. Be united, be divided13. Half of his goods _ stolen the other day. A. are B. wereC. isD. was14. It is fifteen years _ I left home. A. beforeB. whenC. afterD. since15. Beyond _ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but _ space. A. the, /B. /, theC. /, /D. the, the 阅读理解Once two friends
229、 were spending some time in the country. One day while taking a walk together, they crossed a large field. Suddenly a bull appeared and began to chase them. They were very frightened and began to run, but the bull continued to chase（追赶、追逐） them. Finally, one of the men climbed a tree and the other j
230、umped into a large hole. Soon, however, the man who had jumped into the hole came out again. Immediately, the bull chased him back into the hole. Soon the man came out of the hole again, and the bull chased him right back. This went on five or six times.Finally the man in the tree, who was very angr
231、y, cried to his friend in the hole: “You fool! Stay in the hole for a while. Otherwise, this bull will keep us here all day.”As the other man jumped out of the hole again, he said, “Thats all right for you to say, but there is a bear in this hole.”1. When the two friends were taking a walk, a bull s
232、uddenly appeared _.A. in the forest B. in the fieldC. at the edge of the woods D. in a large hole2. In order to keep themselves alive, _.A. one hid in a big tree, the other ran awayB. one ran away, the other hid in a large holeC. the two men ran away togetherD. one hid in a hole, the other in a tree
233、3. The man hiding in the tree _.A. didnt come down and the bull didnt chase himB. came down again and the bull chased him againC. came down again and the bull didnt chase himD. came down five or six times and the bull chased him five or six times4. Why did the man in the tree get angry? _.A. Because
234、 he was badly frightenedB. Because his friend was leading the bull to chase himC. Because what his friend was doing would make them get into trouble all dayD. Because his friend led the bear to him5. The man in the hole came up again and again _.A. in order to lead the bull to attack his friendB. be
235、cause there was a bear in the holeC. so as to drive the bull awayD. to make fun of his friend单项填空15 CBCCA610 ABDAC1115 CCBDA阅读理解15 BDACB解析：1、Cbe anxious about为 焦急，忧虑。2、Bclear away清扫干净。3、Ctake the place of取代 位置。4、Cup to now到现在止，一般用现在完成时。5、A这个结构应由as well as 前的词Mary决定动词形式。6、A答案B不对，应说nor did his shoes。7
236、、Bbrought about 引起，而brought up 是培养、哺育之意。8、D长时间可说long hours或a long time。9、A由于这些理由for these reasons。10、Cfallen leaves落叶，而falling leaves则指正在下落的叶子。11、C可说expect sb. to do，但不可说hope sb. to do，或think sb. to do。12、Cunited 此处相当于if we are united。13、Bgoods货物应视为复数.14、Dsince表示从I leave home到现在有多长时间了。15、Aspace前不加冠词，但星星前要加。阅读解析：1、B在地里出现。2、B两个人一个上了树，一个钻了洞。3、A在树上的人挺安全，the bull不去追他。4、C因为他的朋友总想出来，使得他也下不来。5、B洞中有一个熊，所以他没法在洞中呆下去。
