1、高考英语一轮复习课件新 课 标 版人 民 教 育 出 版 社高考一轮总复习语法学案5 名词性从句名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。考点1 主语从句考点精讲主语从句有三类：(1)由what等代词引起的主语从句。what表示“所的(东西)”,在结构上等于一个名词加一个定语从句,也可由whatever引起,表示“所的一切”,也可由whoever引起,表示“一切的人”。What you need is more practice.你需要的是更多的练习。第二编 语 法 知 识Whatever was said here must be kept secre
2、t.我们在这儿说的一切都必须保密。Whoever fails in the exam shall not be allowed to go home.无论谁考试不及格都不允许回家。典例剖析Weve only got this small bookcase.Will that do?No,_ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.2012上海卷A.who B.that C.what D.which剖析 考查名词性从句。既要引导主语从句又要在主语从句中作宾语,只有what具备这样的双重功能。句意：我们只是弄到了这只小的书架,行
3、吗？不行。我所要找的是比它更大更坚实的书架,故选C项。高考一轮总复习(2)由连词that引起的主语从句,这类从句在大多数情况下都要放到句子后面去,而用代词it作形式上的主语。That she will succeed is certain.=It is certain that she will succeed.她一定会成功。典例剖析It suddenly occurred to him_ he had left his keys in the office.2012江西卷A.whether B.where C.which D.that剖析 考查名词性从句当中的主语从句。it作形式主语,真正的
4、主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义,并不充当任何成分。故选D项。(3)It+系动词+形容词(necessary,right,likely,unlikely,wrong,important,certain,clear,obvious,strange,normal等)+that从句。第二编 语 法 知 识It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.很明显大多数农民通过各种方式赚了更多钱。(4)使用主语从句应注意的
5、几个问题：在“It is necessary/important strange/natural+that从句”结构中,从句常用“(should)+动词原形”形式。It is necessary and important that one(should)master the skill of operating computers so as to meet the need of a job.为了找工作,掌握电脑操作技巧是很有必要并且是很重要的。典例剖析It is by no means clear_ the president can do to end the strike.2012全
6、国新课标卷A.how B.which C.that D.what高考一轮总复习剖析 考查主语从句的连接词。此处it是形式主语,what引导的是主语从句,作真正的主语,同时what作do的宾语。句意：总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。故选D。It+be+名词(短语)(a pity,a shame,good news,a fact,an honour,a wonder,no wonder等)+that从句。Its no wonder that youve achieved so much success.难怪你取得了这么大的成功。It+be+过去分词(said,told,heard,rep
7、orted,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,remembered,thought,considered,well-known,announced等)+that从句。It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment.据说这位教授已成功地完成了这个实验。第二编 语 法 知 识“It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required+that从句”结构中,that从句应用“(should
8、)+动词原形”。It was suggested that they(should)start at once.建议他们应该立即开始。It+特殊动词(seem,appear,happen,matter)+that从句。It happened to me that I had been away when he called.碰巧的是,他打电话时我已经离开了。典例剖析It doesnt matter_ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.2012天津卷A.whether B.how C.if D.wh
9、en剖析 考查主语从句。It是形式主语。It doesnt matter whether.无论是否。故选A。高考一轮总复习对应训练1.What we used to think_ impossible now does seem possible.A.is B.was C.has been D.will be2._ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A.No matter what B.No matter whichC.Whatever D.Whichever3._ worries me th
10、e way he keeps changing his mind.A.This B.That C.What D.It4.It is pretty well understood_ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A.that B.when C.what D.howBDDC第二编 语 法 知 识考点2 宾语从句考点精讲在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。(1)动词的宾语从句大多数及物动词(hope,tell,say,know
11、,think,consider,imagine,hear,expect,suppose,guess等)可以带宾语从句。We all expect that they will win,for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮。注意：在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词引导的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式,这一现象称为否定前移。高考一轮总复习I dont think you are right.我想你是不对的。I dont suppose
12、 he cares,does he?我看他不在乎,对吧?典例剖析Scientists study_ human brains work to make computers.2012四川卷A.when B.how C.that D.whether剖析 考查名词性从句。句意：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意,故答案选B。有些“动词+副词”(find out,point out,work out,turn out)结构也可带宾语从句。I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我
13、发现这场音乐会的所有门票都卖光了。第二编 语 法 知 识典例剖析His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express.2011安徽卷A.that B.how C.who D.what剖析 考查名词性从句。句意：他的笔迹非常混乱,很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语make out引起的宾语从句,该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语,表示事物,故选择D项。that在宾语从句中不作句子成分；how作方式状语；who作主语,指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。有
14、的动词短语(make sure,make up ones mind,keep in mind)也可带宾语从句。Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在交上试卷前确保没有任何错误。高考一轮总复习动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe等后有宾语补足语时,则需用it作形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为每天
15、多喝开水是有必要的。注意：有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it这类动词有hate,enjoy,like,love,dislike,see to等。I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food.我讨厌他们嘴含食物时说话。(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-一类连接词引导宾语从句。We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。第二编 语 法 知 识典例剖析As many as five courses are
16、provided,and you are free to choose_ suits you best.2012陕西卷A whatever B.whicheverC.whenever D.wherever剖析 考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句作动词choose的宾语,引导词在句中作主语,意思是：无论哪件,故选B。其余选项与句意不符。对应训练5.When you answer questions in a job interview,please remember the golden rule：Always give the monkey _ he wants.A.what B.which C
17、.when D.thatA高考一轮总复习6.The way he did it was different_ we were used to.A.in which B.in whatC.from what D.from which7.I was surprised by her words,which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made.A.what B.that C.how D.which8.Mary wrote an article on_ the team had failed to win the game.A.why B.wha
18、t C.who D.that考点3 表语从句考点精讲在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句。共分三类：(1)如主句的主语是idea,advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等名词时,表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”的形式。CAA第二编 语 法 知 识His suggestion is that we(should)change our course.他的建议是我们应该改变我们的课程。(2)主语为名词reason时,表语从句中的连接词要用that,而不用why或because。The reason for such a serio
19、us accident is that the driver was too careless and drunk.这么严重的交通事故完全是由于司机太粗心,喝酒太多造成的。(3)because,as if,as though,as,like等连接词也可引导表语从句。He has heart disease.That is because he has been smoking too much.他有心脏病,那是因为他抽烟太多了。高考一轮总复习典例剖析I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer,which is _ he never finishes
20、 anything.2011山东卷A.That B.when C.where D.why剖析 考查表语从句。句意：恐怕与其说他是一个实践家不如说他一个空谈家,那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is.”引导的一个非限制性定语从句中有一个表语从句,根据句意用“why”引导,故选D项。对应训练9.Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer_ it was 20 years ago,_ it was so poorly equipped.A.what;when B.that;whichC.what;which D.
21、which;thatA第二编 语 法 知 识10.You are saying that everyone should be equal,and this is_ I disagree.A.why B.where C.what D.how11._ made the school proud was_ more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.A.What;because B.What;thatC.That;what D.That；because12.Are you still thinking abo
22、ut yesterdays game?Oh,thats_.A.what makes me feel excitedB.whatever I feel excited aboutC.how I feel about itD.when I feel excitedBBA高考一轮总复习考点4 同位语从句考点精讲同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。(1)能接同位语从句的名词有：belief,fact,hope,idea,doubt,news,conclusion,suggestion,problem,order,answer,decision,explanation,informatio
23、n,thought等。(2)同位语从句一般用that引导,但也可以用连接代词(what,which,who)、连接副词(when,where,why,how)或whether引导。I have no idea what has happened to him.我不知道他发生了什么事。The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging.我们被邀请参加这个会议的消息是非常令人鼓舞的。第二编 语 法 知 识(3)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它说明的某个名词后,而被别的词隔开。The story goes that Wil
24、liam Tell did kill the king with that sword.据说William Tell确实用那把剑杀了国王。典例剖析Evidence has been found through years of study_ childrens early sleeping problem is likely to continue when they grow up.2012重庆卷A.why B.how C.whether D.that剖析 考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。分析句子结构可知,空白处后面为句子主语“Evidence”的同位语从句,在这一从句中,句意完整,不缺少成分
25、,应该使用“that”作为引导词。因此,正确答案为D选项。高考一轮总复习(4)that引导同位语从句与关系代词that引导的定语从句的区别在限制性定语从句中关系代词that充当主语或宾语,有实际意义,作宾语时,可省略。同位语从句中that是连词,不充当句子成分,没有任何实际含义,一般不可省略。The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.(同位语从句)我们的足球队赢了比赛的消息是令人鼓舞的。The news(that)we heard on the radio was not true.(定语从句)我们在收音机上听到
26、的消息不是真的。第二编 语 法 知 识对应训练13.Theres a feeling in me_ well never know what a UFO isnot ever.A.that B.which C.of which D.what14.Danby left word with my secretary_ he would call again in the afternoon.A.who B.that C.as D.which15.A warm thought suddenly came to me_ I might use the pocket money to buy some
27、flowers for my mothers birthday.A.if B.when C.that D.which16.Its thirty years since we last met.But I still remember the story,believe it or not,_ we got lost on a rainy night.A.which B.that C.what D.whenABCB高考一轮总复习1.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt_ he could have expressed it differ
28、ently.2012北京卷A.why B.how C.that D.whether 2.Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesnt matter_ you have lived there for a short or a long time.2012湖南卷A.why B.how C.whether D.when3.I made a promise to myself_ this year,my first year in high school,would be different2012浙江卷A.whether B.what C.t
29、hat D.how4.The notice came around two in the afternoon_ the meeting would be postponed.2012江苏卷A.when B.that C.whether D.howCCCB第二编 语 法 知 识5.The limits of a persons intelligence,generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.2012安徽卷A.where B.whether
30、 C.that D.why 6.It doesnt matter_ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.2012山东卷A.how B.whether C.what D.why 7.We promise_ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.2012福建卷A.who B.whom C.whoever D.whomever8.You are sure to know the result,but thats_ everybody has fin
31、ished their work.A.when B.why C.before D.untilBBCA高考一轮总复习9._ worries me a lot is that I keep forgetting what I have just done.A.As B.What C.That D.It10._ he talked about it to reporters surprised me.A./B.That C.Whether D.What 11.We must bear in mind when we watch TV or surf the Internet or talk on t
32、he phone_ we are enjoying the fruits of mans labor.A.as B.that C.while D.because12.I dont know_ makes her different from others.Confidence,I think.A.how is it that B.how it is thatC.what is it that D.what it is thatBBBD13.Water,which seems so simple and common,is_ makes life possible.A.what B.that C.which D.how14.Ill take seriously_ advice you put forward.A.whatever B.howeverC.whichever D.whenever15.The traditional view is_ we sleep because our brain is“programmed”to make us do so.A.when B.where C.whether D.that第二编 语 法 知 识返回目录继续AAD
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