小升初语法专题讲练第11讲：副词.docx

1、小升初语法第11讲：副词知识点讲解与考题精练（有答案）副词用来修饰动词、形容词或全句，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。【知识点1】副词的主要用法副词最主要的用法就是修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及整个句子，通常作状语。Tom works hard to support his family. 汤姆努力工作养家糊口。She is very beautiful. 她非常美丽。（very是程度副词，修饰形容词beautiful）【知识点2】副词的分类副词按照词意可以分为时间副词、频度副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词。1. 时间副词用来修饰动作发生时间的副词为时间副词。ago以前recen

2、tly最近today今天finally最后soon很快tomorrow明天later晚一点suddenly突然tonight今晚now现在then那时yesterday昨天I will back soon. 我马上就回来。（soon修饰be back，表示“马上”，是时间副词）He finished his homework an hour ago. 他一小时前完成了作业。2. 频度副词频度副词主要指一段时间内动作发生的次数，按频率由高到低排列如下：forever总是，永远地all the time一直always总是usually通常often经常sometimes有时seldom很少onc

3、e一次hardly ever几乎不曾never从来不3. 地点副词表示动作发生场所的副词为地点副词。here这里there那里 He played basketball here. 他昨天在这里打篮球。Its raining outside. 外面正在下雨。The toilet is over there. 厕所在那里。4. 方式副词描述动词发生方式、用来回答how提问的副词为方式副词。angrily生气地hard努力地slowly缓慢地carefully细心地kindly和蔼地suddenly突然地fast快地politely礼貌地warmly热情地happily高兴地quietly安静地w

4、ell很好He is writing his letter carefully. 他正在认真地写信。He can swim well. 他游泳游得很好。Lisa went upstairs slowly. 丽萨慢慢地走上楼。5. 程度副词用来描述动作、行为或状态程度的副词为程度副词。much非常nearly几乎rather相当地little很少地almost几乎greatly大大地very很quite很highly很，非常enough足够地fairly相当地deeply深刻地too太pretty相当，非常party一定程度上He is very tall. 他非常高。I feel much b

5、etter. 我感觉好多了。6. 疑问副词how, when, where, why等主要用来引导特殊疑问句。When do you come home? 你什么时候回家？Why do you like dogs? 你为什么喜欢狗？【知识点3】副词的位置1. 表示时间和地点的副词表示时间和地点的副词可放在句首，也可放在句末。Tomorrow Ill have a birthday party. （说话人强调的是事情发生的时间）=Ill have a birthday party tomorrow. （强调have a birthday party这件事） 如果同一个句子里既有时间副词又有地点副

6、词，地点副词放在前面，时间副词放在后面。如：I went outside to take out the garbage last night. 昨晚我出去扔垃圾了。2. 副词修饰形容词或副词时副词修饰形容词或副词时一般要放在修饰词之前，enough除外。She dances very beautifully. 她跳舞跳得非常美。She worries about whether shes really good enough. enough修饰形容词时要放在被修饰词之后3. 副词修饰动词时副词修饰动词时，一般位于动词之后。He speaks slowly because hes drunk.

7、 他慢慢说着，因为他喝醉了。但是，频率副词修饰动词时可放在前面。 He seldom talks to her. 他很少跟她说话。 I often visit my grandparents on weekends. 我周末经常去看我的父母。4. 副词位于句首的4种情况(1) 修饰整个句子的副词位于句首Hopefully it will brighten up, or well be coming back early. 希望天会放晴，否则我们就要提早回来。(2) 以here或there后塍的倒装句Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。(3) 表示否定意义的副词常放句首这时句子的

8、主谓需要倒装Never have I seen such beautiful place before. 我以前从没见过这么美的地方。(4) 疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词通常放在句子或从句前面How much do you pay for the online class? 这个在下课程你付了多少钱？First, you should listen carefully. 首先，你要仔细听。at first 起初 first of all首先 at first sight乍一看当形容词变副词的时候，我们可以总结一些规律： 一般情况，在形容词词词尾直接加-ly如：real-really; care

9、ful-carefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i，然后再加-ly 如：busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily 某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾的形容词要先去掉e，然后再加-y或-ly 如：terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently 另外，并不是所有以-ly结尾的单词都是副词，如friendly, lovely是形容词。【知识点4】副词原级、比较级和最高级的用法1. 原级用法及结构(1) 肯定句结构：as + 原级副词 + as, 表示“

10、和.一样”Lisa can run as fast as Lucy. 丽萨跟露西跑得一样快。Lisa speaks as slowly as Lucy. 丽萨跟露西说话一样慢。(2) 否定句结构：not as/so + 原级副词 + as, 表示“不如”Lisa cant run as fast as Lucy. 丽萨没有露西跑得快。2. 比较级用法及结构结构：副词比较级 + than，表示“A比B更.”My classmates arrived there earlier than I did. 我的同学们到的比我早。3. 最高级用法及结构结构：the + 副词最高级 + 表示范围的短语或从

11、句，副词最高级前的定冠词the可省略。Lisa runs the fastest among the girls in her class. 丽萨在她们班的女生中跑得最快。【知识点5】副词比较级与最高级的变化规则副词与形容词一样，也有原级、比较级和最高级形式，它的比较级和最高级也分规则变化和不规则变化。1. 规则变化(1) 单音节词词尾加-er、-est副词原级比较级最高级hardharderhardestfastfasterfastesthighhigherhighest(2) 以不发音的e结尾的单音节，加-r和-st副词原级比较级最高级widewiderwidestlatelaterlat

12、est(3) 以辅音字母 + y 结尾，变y为i，再加-er和-est副词原级比较级最高级earlyearlierearliest(4) 其他双音节词和多音节词在前面加单词more和most副词原级比较级最高级happilymore happilymost happilylargelymore largelymost largely2. 不规则变化有少数副词的比较级和最高级的变化时不规则的，小初阶段我们要记住的特殊变化见下表：副词原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfather（指距离上更远）fa

13、rthest（指距离上最远地）further（指距离和抽象概念进一步）furthest（指距离和抽象概念进一步）小升初语法：副词专项训练【温馨提示】1. 当句中存在几个副词时,它们的排列顺序为:程度副词十方式副词十地点副词十时间副词。2. 有些以ly结尾的是形容词，而不是副词。例如：friendly(友好的)。一、单项选择。( )1.-Lin,do you often go to the park with your child?-No.I only have a day off a week.So I go there .A.every day B.usually C.twice a wee

14、k D.once a week( )2.The autumn in Beijing is short.A.quietly B.quit C.quiet D.quite( )3.The balloons are flying .A.into B.away C.after( )4.Mike is late for class.He always gets to school early.A.always B.sometimes C.never( )5.I like running . Its my favorite sport.A.good B.better C.best( )6.The bird

15、 is flying in the sky.A.all B.long C.high( )7.You should walk in the hospital.A.quietly B.loudly C.fast( )8.Football is my favourite sport,I like football .A.best B.good C.bad( )9.The little girl cant find her mother and she .A.smiles happily B.cries sadly C.cheers excitedly( )10.You should eat your

16、 breakfast or you will be late！A.slowly B.quick C.quickly( )11.Walk into your bedroom because your father is sleeping.A.quiet B.quietly C.loud D.loudly( )12.It often rains in the summer of Nanjing.A.strong B.big C.hard D.heavy( )13.-Peter looks sporty.-Yes.He is the runner in my class.A.slower B.slo

17、west C.faster D.fastest( )14.They clapped and shouted when they saw Yao Ming appear on the playground.A.hardly B.quietly C.excitedly D.angrily( )15.The Internet is very useful for us. We can find information.A.easy B.easily C.hard D.hardly( )16.-Do you think yesterdays math problem was difficult?-Ye

18、s.I could work it out.A.hardly B.easily C.finally D.nearly( )17.I often laugh when I see my grandma learning pop songs. But she says,“One is never old to learn”.A.too B.so C.very D.quite( )18.Peter speaks Chinese than Mary.A.good B.better C.best D.the best二、用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空。1.You should talk (loud).

19、We couldnt hear that.2.This road is not (safe)now. We must cross the road (safe).3.Walk (slow), please.We have enough time.4.He fell off the tree, but (lucky), he didnt break his legs.5.The old man is reading (quiet).6.The child doesnt (write)as (fast)as the students.参考答案1. D2. D【解析】句意：北京的秋天相当短。quie

20、tly安静地；quit停止；quiet安静的；quite相当，是副词，可以修饰形容词。quite short相当短。3.D 4.C 5.C 6.C7.A【解析】句意：你在医院里应该 走。根据常识，医院里要不宜大声喧哗，故此处用quietly安静地。8.A9.B【解析】句意：小女孩找不带她的妈妈，她 。此时的小女孩是不可能开心的。故选项B. cries sadly（哭得伤心）符合题意。10.C 11.B12.C【解析】rain（下雨）是动词，所以横线处是副词。故选C. hard (adv.猛烈地)13.D 14.C 15.B16.A【解析】句意：-你认为昨天的数学问题难吗？-是的。我 能解决。从句中得到的信息是：昨天的数学问题是难的，我不能解决。故横线处要用一个否定词，hardly（几乎不）。17.A【解析】A One is never too old to learn.（活到老，学到老）too.to.的意思是“太.而不能.”。18.B二、1.loudly 2.safe; safely 3.slowly 4.luckily 5.quietly 6.write;fast