1、考点规范练18.阅读理解A(2018全国)Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are,like a nearby port or river.People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.New York City,forexample,is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River
2、.Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million.But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time.Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight.In 1896,Dawson,Canada,was unmapped wilderness(荒野).But gold was discovered there in 1897,and two years later,it was one
3、 of the largest cities in the West,with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.People went there for gold.They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers.The path to Dawson was covered with thirt
4、y feet of wet snow that could fall without warning.An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path,killing 63 people.For many who made it to Dawson,however,the rewards were worth the difficult trip.Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold,4,000 got rich.About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of th
5、eir lives.But no matter how rich they were,Dawson was never comfortable.Necessities like food and wood were very expensive.Butsoon,the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found.The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down,and when they heard there were new go
6、ld discoveries in Alaska,they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.Today,people still come and go to see where the Canadian gold rush happened.Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City its present population is 762.1.What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A.Its business cu
7、lture.B.Its small population.C.Its geographical position.D.Itsfavourable climate.2.What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A.Two-thirds of them stayed there.B.One out of five people got rich.C.Almost everyone gave up.D.Half of them died.3.What was the main reason for many people
8、 to leave Dawson?A.They found the city too crowded.B.They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C.They were unable to stand the winter.D.They were short of food.4.What is the text mainly about?A.The rise and fall of a city.B.The gold rush in Canada.C.Journeys into the wilderness.D.Tourism in Dawson.B(2
9、019山东青岛质检)During Amsterdams chaotic rush hour,nine-year-old LottaCrok cycles to a very busy junction.“Look,” she says.“Theres traffic coming from everywhere.Four trams from four different directions.For a child on a bike thats really confusing!”Lotta is the first junior cycle mayor in the world and
10、her working area is the Dutch capital.You would think this challenge would be superfluous in a city known as the bicycle capital of the world.The number of bicycles in Amsterdam is estimated at 881,000more than the citys 850,000 inhabitantsand 63% of the population cycle daily.But children who cycle
11、 in Amsterdam face challenges,Lottasays,“The three biggest problems for us are cars,cycling tourists and scooters(小型摩托).The cars take up too much space,the tourists are always swinging side to side and stop when you least expect it,and the scooters simply run you over.”Lotta became junior cycle mayo
12、r in June last year when she won a contest in which schoolchildren were asked to come up with plans to make cycling safer and more fun.Her idea was to add childrens bikes to the popular bike share programme.Since Lotta was appointed junior cycle mayor,she has been busy,givinginterviews,opening cycli
13、ng contests in the city and being a jury(评审员) member during the Amsterdam Light Parade,an event in which Amsterdammers decorate their bikes with lights.She is now planning a meeting with the citys mayor to discuss ideas that children have come up with:“One of our proposals is a bicycle park where ch
14、ildren can learn how to cycle.Rightnow,most of us learn it in the street,which can be quite busy.Another idea is to create an app for tourists to teach them the rules of cycling,because most of them really dont know.”Following the success of the Amsterdam scheme,cycle mayors around the world are now
15、 planning to appoint junior colleagues.“They see it works really well,”Boerma,the senior major,says.“I talk to the parents,Lotta talks to the children.And if you look at the city through the eyes of a child,you will also make it accessible for others.A city thats good for an eight-year-old is also g
16、ood for an 88-year-old.”5.Why is a junior cycle mayor appointed in Amsterdam?A.To teach children how to ride.B.To ensure cycling is safer for children.C.To organize the cycling contests in the city.D.To give suggestions on how to run the city.6.Which word can best replace the underlined word “superf
17、luous” in Paragraph 2?A.Important.B.Unnecessary.C.Difficult.D.Valuable.7.What has Lotta done since she became the bike mayor?A.She has solved the three biggest problems for children cycling.B.She has won a contest about decorating the bikes with lights.C.She has given interviews and been a jury memb
18、er during a parade.D.She has given proposals to the city mayor.8.WhatsBoermas attitude to the junior cycle mayor?A.Cautious.B.Favourable.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.七选五阅读Do you love making people laugh and sharing your laughter with others?Do you like dressing up and working with a variety of props?1
19、 So how do you do it?Stop clowning around and follow these steps.Getyourprops(道具).2However,there are some general props that are used by many clowns,such as balls for juggling,balloons for making balloon animals,magic trick props if youre doing tricks,and any other silly props you can think of.You c
20、an start off with the traditional tools and become more original as you discover who your inner clown really is.Getaclowncostume.You can buy real clown costumes from clown suppliers.However,they can be a bit pricey.Better start off with some colorful clothes,Halloween clown costumes,acolourful set o
21、f pajamas,or any funny-looking items.The expensive items can come later,once you are more established.3Putyourmakeupon.Contrary to popular belief,not all clowns wear face paint.4 If you do put on makeup,there are a variety of makeup styles you can try.5Get an idea for major comedy points you want to
22、 include,and work out the lead-up and other parts of the comedy.Thinking about problems that need addressing can be a good start,e.g.a hat that wont stay on your head,or a music stand that keeps falling over.A twist at the end may help,as can thinking about the rule of three in an unexpected way.Its
23、 almost like a play.A.Plan your showB.Dont worry about those for now.C.Consider joining a clown group or a union.D.Clowning is a style of comedy,not a style of makeup.E.The materials you use depend on what kind of clown you want to be.F.Ifso,then you may be the perfect fit for the job of professiona
24、l clown.G.The white is very specifically a lot like putting a little spot light on a part of your face.考点规范练18(必修4Unit3).【解题导语】本文是说明文。城市自有它形成的原因。本文主要介绍加拿大城市道森,它昔日因为金矿而迅速兴起,现在则只能以旅游业作为主产业。1.C细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.
25、NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.”可知,像纽约市这样的城市往往占据重要的地理位置,交通、通信和贸易方便,由此推知答案为C项。2.B推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第一、二句“Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.”可知,最早来淘金的20,000人里,有4,000人依靠挖掘黄金致富,占总人数的1/5。故选B项。3.B细节理解题。根据最后一
26、段中的“Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowded.whentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.”可知,金矿被开采殆尽,特别是当得知阿拉斯加发现新的金矿后,人们已经没有兴趣继续留在这里。据此得出导致很多人离开道森的主要原因是要到别处寻找新的金矿,答案为B项。4.A主旨大意题。A项“一座城市的兴衰”;B项“加拿大淘金热”;C项“荒野之旅”;D项“道森的旅游业”。文中主要
27、介绍加拿大城市道森因为金矿而崛起,又因为金矿被开采殆尽而衰落,经济只能依靠旅游业支撑,所以A项能准确概括文章内容;文章重心在讲城市的形成,而非淘金热活动本身,所以B项排除;C项与文章内容不符,排除;道森的旅游业只在文章最后一段最后一句提到,不能作为主旨内容。【解题导语】文章讲述了阿姆斯特丹市去年任命九岁的洛特克罗克为少年自行车市长的目的以及洛特克罗克为确保儿童骑自行车更安全所采取的努力。5.B推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句“LottabecamejuniorcyclemayorinJunelastyearwhenshewonacontestinwhichschoolchildrenwereas
28、kedtocomeupwithplanstomakecyclingsaferandmorefun.”可知,Lotta获得了比赛的冠军,她成了少年自行车市长。在这场比赛中,学校的孩子们被要求提出让骑自行车更安全、更有趣的计划。由此判断,阿姆斯特丹任命少年自行车市长的目的就是确保儿童骑自行车更安全。6.B词义猜测题。下文提到“阿姆斯特丹被称为世界自行车之都,自行车数量估计为881,000辆,比该市的85万居民多”,结合下一段的“ButchildrenwhocycleinAmsterdamfacechallenges”可知,该词的意思是“多余的;没有必要的”,故选B项。7.C细节理解题。根据第五段的
29、“SinceLottawasappointedjuniorcyclemayor,shehasbeenbusy,givinginterviews,openingcyclingcontestsinthecityandbeingajurymember.”可知,自从Lotta被任命为自行车市长以来,她一直很忙,接受采访,在该市举行自行车比赛,并担任评审员。故选C项。8.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Italktotheparents,Lottatalkstothechildren.Andifyoulookatthecitythroughtheeyesofachild,youwillalsomakei
30、taccessibleforothers.Acitythatsgoodforaneight-year-oldisalsogoodforan88-year-old.”可知,Boerma对少年自行车市长持支持的态度。.【解题导语】你想当小丑吗?本文介绍了一些方法。如:选择道具;选择小丑用的服装;化好妆等。1.F根据上文的问句可知,我们知道这里介绍的是小丑。结合下文的“Sohowdoyoudoit?”可知,所填的句子是承上启下的句子,F项符合语境。2.E根据小标题和下文提到的“However,therearesomegeneralprops.”可知,所填句子的内容和下文形成转折关系,E项语意相符。3.B本段建议你不要急于买贵重的服装,等你更确定要当小丑了再买贵重的服装。由此可知,B项“现在对此不要着急”顺应了上文的意思。4.D解答本题的关键是“makeup”,可利用词语复现线索来解答。D项中有“makeup”而且语意和上下文一致。5.A根据下文提到的“getanidea.;workout.和thinkabout.”等可知,本部分介绍的是对表演做出计划,故选A项。