1、制作者：尹益平现在分词过去分词1.作定语2.作表语4.作状语3.作宾补现在分词（一）作定语1.动词现在分词单独作定语，通常放在所修饰词前。例如：The sleeping boy is Tom.2.现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面，意思同定语从句差不多。例如：zxxkTell the children playing outside not to make too much noise.=Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise.3.现在分词可相当于非限制性定语，常用逗号分开。例如：Tom,wea
2、ring beautiful clothes,followed me down the hill.=Tom,who is wearingbeautiful clothes,followed me down the hill.4.有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如：This is an English-speaking country.（二）作表语现在分词作表语多表示主语的特征。如amusing,discouraging,puzzling,refreshing,astonishing,exciting 等。例如：The story is moving.（三）现在分词在句中作宾语补
3、足语，这时现在分词和前面的宾语有逻辑上的“主表”关系或“主谓”关系。例如：We all found his equipment interesting.(主表关系)I saw Mary going upstairs then.(主谓关系)（四）作状语现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语一般是句中的主语，如果不是，需在V-ing 形式前加名词或代词主格作逻辑主语。1.作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。2.例如：Being ill,Mary didnt come to school yesterday(=As Mary was ill,she didnt come to school yesterday)3.
4、Mother being ill,Mary had to look after her.2.作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。例如：Seeing their teacher coming,the students stopped talking.(When the students saw their teacher coming,they stopped talking.)如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在现在分词前加上when或while。例如：While waiting for the plane,I had a long talk with Simon 3.作条件状语V
5、-ing 形式作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：Working harder,youll be No.1 in your class.(=If you work hard,youll be No.1 in your class.)学科网4.作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句。例如：Weighing almost two hundred jin,the stone was moved by him alone.(=Althoughthe stone weighed almost two hundred jin5.作结果状语。例如：He died,leaving nothing but de
6、bts.6.作伴随状语或方式状语。例如：He sat by the roadside,begging.（五）现在分词的完成式表示它发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。例如：Having finished his homework,he left the classroom.（六）现在分词的被动式当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，用V-ing 形式的被动式。例如：The factory being built now is a big one.（七）现在分词的否定形式是由“not+现在分词”构成。例如：Not having been invited to the party,she had to st
7、ay home 1.作定语2.作表语4.作状语3.作宾补过去分词单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。English is a widely used language.This is one of the schools built in 1980s.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 A.first played B.to be first played C.first playing D.to be first playingA解析过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。
8、不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。first played in 776B.C.=which was first played in 776 B.C.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.did not include women players until 1912.过去分词作表语1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。The glass is broken.The glass was broken by Tom.The windows are cl
9、osed.The windows are closed by Jack.3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。How did the audience receive the new play?They got very excited.She was very disappointed to hear the result.Hes quite experie
10、nced in teaching beginners.How did Bob do in the exams this time?Well,his father seems pleased with his results.过去分词作表语C解析该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb.by the hour”计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt,get hurt,get wounded.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay过去分词
11、作宾补1.从时间上：表动作已经完成。come,go,fall,change(表位移,变化的不及物动词)I found the countryside changed a lot.2.从语态上:表被动.I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.过去分词作宾补1.表“希望，要求”的动词：want,wish,expect,wish,like,order+(to be)doneI want the work(to be)finished by Sunday.Jim ordered the room(to be)cleaned.2.表“感觉，心理状态”的动词：see,hear
12、,feel,watch,notice,find,think+object+p.p.We saw the thief caught by the police.People found the water polluted.make,get,have,keep3.使役动词I want to get my hair cut tomorrow.=I want to get the barber to cut my hair.=I want to let the barber cut my hair.4.介词短语作宾补with,without+n.+p.p.Do you know the man wi
13、th his hands tied back?They left without a dish touched.The murderer was brought in,with his hands _ behinds his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tiedD过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，修饰谓语，大多说明动作发生的背景或情景，表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等。一般说来，这一结构的逻辑主语是主句的主语。组卷网a、表示时间Seen from the space,the earth looks blue.When it i
14、s seen from space,the earth looks blue.b、表示条件 Kept in refrigerator,these vegetables will remain fresh.If they are kept in refrigerator,these vegetables will remain fresh.c、表示原因d.表示伴随情况e.表示让步Deeply moved by the story,the children began to cry.As they were deeply moved,the children began to cry.She wa
15、lked out of the house,followed by her little daughter.She walked out of the house,and was followed by her little daughter.Beaten by the enemy,he refused to let out the secret.Although he was beaten by the enemy,he refused to let out the secret.过去分词1.作状语_ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.Losing B.Having lost C.LostDTo loseC解析1.该题考查过去分词作状语的用法。动词-ing或过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语应是主句主语。2.“陷入深思”有两种表达法，A.Lose oneself in thoughtB.be lost in thought 按句子提供的语境可用结构B.
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