1、宾语从句和表语从句用法归纳宾语从句和表语从句是名词性从句的重要组成部分，也是高考的重点。今天我们先谈谈这两种从句。一、 宾语从句 I. 宾语从句的引导词引导宾语从句的词有：连词that, if, whether；连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which；连接副词when, where, how, why等。（1）连词that在宾语从句中不充当任何成分，也无任何意义，可以省略；其它带有疑问意义的连接词则不能省略。如：I know (that) he is a good teacher.He doesnt know who first discover-ed Americ
2、a. （2） whether与if 二者都有“是否”的意思，一般可以换用，但在介词之后，不定式之前，与or not连用时，只能用whether。如：It all depends on whether they will support us. She stood in the doorway, unable to decide whether to go in. 引导否定的宾语从句时只能用 if。如：I wonder if he wont hurt the feeling of his girlfriend. 另外引导主语从句（放在句首）、表语从句、同位语从句时，也只能用 whether，不能
3、用if。（3） what在宾语从句中，引导词 what具有两种含义： 保留疑问，即“什么”的意义； 相当于“all / everything that”，常译成“的（东西或事）”。II. 宾语从句注意事项（1） 宾语从句无论用哪种连接词来引导，语序都必须用陈述语序，尽管有时有疑问意义。如：Do you know when the lesson will begin? （2） 要注意主、从句时态的一致和相应变化。如： 当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，从句可根据说话人的需要选择适当的时态。如：She asks me if I went to Dalian last year. 当主句是过去时
4、的时候，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。如：He said that he would fly to Egypt the next day. 当从句是客观真理、习惯动作或状态时，不受主句时态的限制。如：The teacher told the children that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. （3） it作形式宾语在“主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + 宾语从句”结构中，it用作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。如：I thought it strange that he failed to call me. 二、 表语
5、从句 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语 连系动词 表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等，引导词有that, whether, what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, how, because等；引导表语从句的that不省略，that仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何意义。如：The impression he makes on me is that he is a reliable person.学习表语从句需要注意：(1) the rea
6、son后面的表语从句只能用that引导。如:The reason why the little actress has been such a success is that she is both clever and hard-working.(2) 在表示命令order等，建议suggestion, advice等的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气：should + 动词原形，should可省略。如:His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the problem.(3) whether可
7、引导表语从句，表“是否”，它在从句中不充当成分，if不能引导表语从句。如：The question is whether we can rely on him.(4) 连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose除起连接作用外，还在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。如:Thats what he is worried about. （在从句作中宾语）The problem is who can do the work. （在从句中作主语）(5) 连词because引导表语从句，只用在That / This / It is because . 结构中。如：That is because she often works hard.
