1、限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 寒假作业14 词汇运用 一、【解题步骤】1.审清题目要求，切勿盲目乱填；2.阅读全句，明确所给词性；3.运用语法综合分析，确定所给词的变化形式；4.注意词汇知识及习惯用法；5.确定答案后，再通读全句，看是否正确、通顺。二、【解题技巧】1.单词拼写(1)认真阅读全句，正确理解句意。(2)分析应填词充当的句子成分，正确判断其词性。(3)判断所填词应用的正确形式。若为名词，要考虑其单复数、可数还是不可数及其所有格形式；若为动词，应注意人称、数、时态、语态及其谓语动词形式；若为修饰语，应注意是形容词还是副词；若为代词，应注意代词的各种形式；若为形容词、
2、副词，应注意其等级变化。2.词性转换(1)根据语法确定词性。(2)根据句意确定词义，单词形式可作适当的变换。(3)形义结合，灵活运用。3.动词填空看是否有情态动词。 看时间状语和句子的主语。看上下文或所给的语境。 看句型或固定搭配。注意单词的词性变化。一、根据首字母填空。1They are going to b many tall buildings in this city next year.2Chinese traditional art has been passed down for thousands of years and now is s to the world.3Its
3、a great h to be invited to attend such an important meeting.4China is good at making high-technology p that people can buy everywhere.5Mr. Smiths daughter had a baby girl. The baby is his g .二、根据汉语提示填空6His grandmother is a (体贴人的) woman.7Lisa knows my new (地址) and she drops by my home at times.8I lik
4、e the _ (角色) he played in the new action movie.9Our school is_(真正地) beautiful. We like it.10The river is badly (污染), so dont swim in the river.11. Everyone is the first responsible person for their own health. Health is more important than_(财富).12She is (逐步地) getting used to living in the countrysid
5、e.13I （猜想） that all the tickets will be sold out by now and you neednt go there.14Your face is (苍白的；灰白的) as chalk. Whats the matter?15What do they mean by （取消）his performance? 三、根据句意填空16Every class was a bad dream.17They dont usually set rules for me, and since Im a good daughter, they never me.18Th
6、e historical movie Full River Red, by Zhang Yimou, has received much praise from the Chinas film industry.19I have never been late class before.20Are there any clues for the big fire?The police confirm that the house caught fire by design rather than by .21Time is more than money. You can get more m
7、oney, but you cant get more time.22Jacks boss decided to him off because hes always late for work.23After the earthquake, we were happy to see all the villagers were .24I to stay at home rather than go out on such a snowy day yesterday.25Beijing is the of China. It is becoming more and more beautifu
8、l.四、根据句意及音标填空26His nld of music is extensive(广博的).27Sometimes, it is /mplat/ for us to ask a direct question.28The dress is decorated with /tani/ colorful flowers.29Words like that brought back /penfl/ memories.30She gets so bored with her life that she is /st/ for the outside world.一、完形填空。My father
9、 was a farmer. He worked very hard and never complained. He has never gone to school. So, he was a common man 1 little education. But he would teach my sister and 2 lessons through stories.One day before I was leaving for college, he sat down and took a 3 from his pocket. And he said, “You need to k
10、now 4 things before you go out into the world. Remember them, 5 you will be the best person you can be.”“First, look at the pencil. We know that in order to become a(n) 6 pencil, from time to time, it has to go through being sharpened (使锋利). If this pencil could 7 , we could imagine how painful that
11、 would be. But thats 8 it becomes a useful pencil. Life is much the same. No one can live the whole life 9 all the time. Painful experiences and difficulties come to us all. But we build our personalities and we 10 through these chances. Second is to keep in mind that you will be able to make many o
12、f your mistakes correct just like this eraser. If we 11 from our mistakes, theyre not mistakes. We can use the lessons to do 12 next time. Third, just like this pencil, every place where you are used, you leave your mark. Youre 13 your own story. Dont be afraid and never stop writing. And fourth, al
13、ways remember the most 14 part of you is whats inside. A pencil is useless without its inner part.”When I feel sad in my life, Ill think about my 15 words. They give me courage to move on.1AwithBaboutCunderDduring2AherBhimCmeDus3ApenBpencilCrubberDruler4AtwoBthreeCfourDfive5AbutBorCandDthough6Acaref
14、ulBusefulCawfulDcolorful7AfeelBshapeCinsistDcancel8AwhatBwhomChowDwhich9AquicklyBcloselyCusuallyDhappily10AguardBguessCgrowDgreet11AlearnBrecordCchargeDattack12AhigherBbetterCfartherDearlier13AwritingBthinkingCreportingDcovering14AdifficultBcomfortableChard-workingDimportant15AsistersBfathersCmother
15、sDbrothers二、阅读理解。 Do Kids Need Homework?School is a big part of life, not just for kids but for their families. There are many reports and discussions about whats best for students. Everyone has their own opinions. And they dont always agree. Do kids need homework? It depends. Some readers from a fa
16、mous magazine, think that the extra（额外的）work reviews what they have learnt in class. And it also helps teachers find where students need more help. Others say homework adds to students stress and takes time away from exercise or learning something new. In order to know what kind of homework kids sho
17、uld do and how much kids need, the magazine interviewed several kids. Karen, 9Kids need homework. When they learn something new in school, reviewing it at home helps them remember it. Our homework gives our teachers valuable information. It tells them how much students are paying attention in class
18、and who needs extra help. Michael, 9In my opinion, giving students homework is a bad idea. After school kids need experiences that build a healthy mind and body. Homework is not supposed to stress kids out. When there is too much homework, students do poorly in homework. In fact, doing homework poor
19、ly is worse than doing no homework. As long as students are working hard in class, its best not to give them extra work. Robert, 8Kids need homework. But that depends. Middle and high school students can do more homework. At my school, primary students get homework, but not too much. My teacher migh
20、t ask us to learn spelling words at home, and each week well be given a test. Susan, 11Kids dont need homework. Theyre learning for six hours a day at school. Adding another hour of work for kids to do at home is just having them repeat what theyve been doing all day. Besides, homework takes time aw
21、ay from activities like team sports. These are just as important as schoolwork, because they keep kids active.16What did the magazine do about homework?AIt had a discussion.BIt did a report.CIt made an interview.17Who supports the idea of giving students homework?AKaren.BMichael.CSusan.18What will h
22、appen when homework is too much according to Paragraph 4?AStudents will do no homework.BStudents will do homework poorly.CStudents will build a healthy mind and body.19What is Roberts opinion about homework?APrimary students dont need to do homework.BHigh school students can do more homework.CHomewo
23、rk just repeats what is learned in class.20What does “These” refer to（指代）in the last paragraph?AKids.BSubjects.CActivities like team sports.三、阅读还原7选5。（2023江西统考中考真题）Bamboo is a wonderful plant for many people around the world. 21 People make tables, clothes, medicine, and musical instruments with it.
24、 Pandas may eat bamboo every day, but people can also eat it. 22 Some bamboo grows so quickly that people say they can watch it grow. The speed of growth depends on the type of bamboo, the earth and the season. Normal bamboo grows 310 cm a day. It usually grows in tropical (热带的) areas. 23 Bamboo pla
25、nts are found in Asia, Australia, parts of Africa, and South America.One of the worlds oldest building materials is bamboo. Like today, people use it because its very strong. They used it to build houses, boats, and bridges. The Chinese made a bamboo bridge over the Min River in Sichuan, China almos
26、t 1000 years ago. 24 Also, bamboo is still used to make houses today, especially in China and Philippines.As a part of history, bamboo is very important. The great scientist Thomas Edison did not invent the light bulb (灯泡), but he made it perfect. He wanted the material inside to burn for a long per
27、iod of time. He tried over 1,000 different types of materials. 25 One day, he tried to use a piece of bamboo and the light bulb lit up for over a thousand hours. This invention helped other scientists to make the modern light bulb we use today.AYou can still visit it today.BThere are over 1,000 uses
28、 for it.CHowever, none worked very well.DBamboo is light because it is empty inside.EIt can also be found in other parts of the world.FChinese people like drawing pictures of bamboo.GThe fastest growing plant in the world is bamboo.四、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2023山东济南统考中考真题）Last March I
29、lost my camera while I was on a school trip. I left it on the bus on the way back to 26 (we) school. I called the bus company the next day 27 (check) if they could find it, but it wasnt there. My parents got really angry and told me they couldnt buy me a new one.I 28 (know) they were right, so I dec
30、ided I would get one by myself. I started thinking of ways to make and save money. My parents 29 (usual) give me 8 every week, so the first thing I did was to keep the money 30 the small box on the bookcase.I also offered to help my uncle Alan. Hes often away for work, but he cant 31 (take) his dog
31、with him. I started to look after his dog when he wasnt at home. After some time, my uncles neighbors saw me. They asked me if I could help with their cats, dogs and rabbits, too. So, I started working for three 32 (family) living across the street.In less than three months I had enough money to buy
32、 a new camera. It was the same as the one I had lost, but to me it was much 33 (nice). I paid for it with 34 money I made and it felt very different. This experience teaches me what it means to work hard and I 35 (learn) that you must be careful with the things you have, because they take a lot of h
33、ard work.本专题内容的训练主要帮助同学们巩固积累中考常考词汇的词形变化，掌握词汇运用的解题方法，提高单词拼写的解题能力。尤其是动词的变化特点：看是否有情态动词。看时间状语和句子的主语。看上下文或所给的语境。 看句型或固定搭配。注意单词的词性变化。参考答案：一、根据首字母填空1(b)uild【详解】句意：他们打算明年在这座城市建造许多高楼大厦。根据首字母提示以及“many tall buildings”可知，此处应填写build，动词“建造”；are going to后跟动词原形。故填(b)uild。2(s)preading【详解】句意：中国传统艺术已经传承了几千年，现在正在向世界传播。
34、根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处表示的是现在正在向世界传播，spread“传播”，动词；根据空前的“now is”可知，此处时态为现在进行时，所以应用动词的现在分词形式。故填(s)preading。3(h)onor【详解】句意：很荣幸能被邀请参加这样一个重要的会议。根据“be invited to attend such an important meeting”可知被邀请参加这么重要的会议是很荣幸的，a后加名词单数honor，“荣幸”。故填(h)onor。4(p)roducts【详解】句意：中国擅长制作人们到处都可以买得到的高科技产品。根据“high-technology.that peopl
35、e can buy everywhere”和首字母可知，此处指高科技产品，product“产品”，表泛指，应用其复数形式。故填(p)roducts。5(g)randdaughter【详解】句意：史密斯先生的女儿生了一个女婴。这个婴儿是他的外孙女。根据首字母提示及“Mr. Smiths daughter had a baby girl.”可知，此处指的是granddaughter“外孙女”，是名词，结合“a baby girl”可知，此处的名词应用单数形式，故填(g)randdaughter。二、根据汉语提示填空6caring【详解】句意：他的奶奶是一个体贴人的妇女。根据中文提示可知，carin
36、g表示“体贴的”，故填caring。7address【详解】句意：莉萨知道我的新地址，她有时会来我家。地址：address，此处用名词单数。故填address。8character【详解】句意我喜欢他在新动作片中扮演的角色。character角色”，此处是特指他在新动作片中扮演的角色，应用单数，故填character。9.really【详解】句意:我们的学校真的很漂亮。我们很喜欢它。“真正地是副词really，修饰形容词beautiful。故填really。10polluted【详解】句意：这条河污染严重，所以不要在河里游泳。污染：pollute，此处主语The river和谓语之间是被动关系
37、，故此处用过去分词和is构成被动语态。故填polluted。11wealth【详解】句意:每个人都是自己健康的第一责任人。健康比财富更重要。根据Health is more important than.可知，空处填名词。wealth“财富”，故填wealth。12gradually【详解】句意：她逐步地习惯了住在农村。“逐步地”英文表达是gradually，副词，用于修饰空格后的动词getting。故填gradually。13guess/suppose【详解】句意：我猜想现在所有的票都卖完了，你不必去那里。根据提示“猜想”可知，此处填动词guess或suppose，主语I是第一人称，时态为一
38、般现在时态，谓语动词用原形。故填guess/suppose。14pale【详解】句意：你脸色苍白得像粉笔。怎么了？根据提示“苍白的；灰白的”且系动词is后跟形容词pale符合句意。故填pale。15canceling/cancelling【详解】句意：他们取消他的演出是什么意思？根据汉语提示可知，此处考查动词cancel“取消”；介词by后接动名词。故填canceling/cancelling。三、根据句意填空16like【详解】句意：每节课都像一场噩梦。根据“a bad dream”可知空处填介词，结合实际可知，每节课不是噩梦，所以此处指“像一场噩梦”，like“像”，介词，be like“
39、像是”，符合语境。故填like。 17punish【详解】句意：他们通常不给我定规矩，因为我是个好女儿，他们从不惩罚我。根据“They dont usually set rules for me, and since Im a good daughter, they never.me.”可知，因为我是个好女儿，所以他们从不惩罚我，punish“惩罚”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填punish。18directed【详解】句意：由张艺谋执导的历史电影满江红在中国电影界广受好评。根据“The historical movie Full River Red, by Zhang Yi
40、mou”可知，这部电影是由张艺谋导演的，direct“导演”，此句已有谓语动词has received，此空应填过去分词directed作定语，故填directed。19for【详解】句意：我以前上课从来没有迟到过。分析句子，再结合句意，可知空处为短语be late for，表示“迟到”。故填for。20accident/chance【详解】句意：大火有什么线索吗？警方证实这所房子起火是故意的，而不是偶然的。根据“the house caught fire by design rather than by”可知，此处指着火是故意的，而非偶然的，by accident/chance“偶然地，意外
41、地”。故填accident/chance。21valuable【详解】句意：时间比金钱更宝贵。你可以得到更多的金钱，但是你不能得到更多的时间。根据“You can get more money, but you cant get more time.”可知，此处表示时间比金钱更宝贵，valuable“宝贵的”，多音节形容词，比较级为more valuable。故填valuable。22kick【详解】句意：杰克的老板决定开除他因为他总是上班迟到。根据“because hes always late for work”可知，老板决定开除杰克。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”；ki
42、ck sb. off“开除某人”。故填kick。23alive/safe【详解】句意：地震发生后，我们很高兴看到所有村民都活着/安全。根据“After the earthquake, we were happy to see all the villagers”可知地震后，看到所有的村民都活着/安全很开心，作be动词的表语用形容词alive“活着的”/safe“安全的”。故填alive/safe。24preferred【详解】句意：昨天雪这么大，我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去。短语prefer to do rather than do“宁愿做不愿做”，根据“yesterday”可知要用一般过去时，故
43、填preferred。25capital【详解】句意：北京是中国的首都。它变得越来越美了。根据“Beijing is theof China.”可知，北京是中国的首都。capital“首都”，故填capital。 四、根据句意及音标填空。26knowledge【详解】句意：他的音乐知识是很渊博的。根据音标提示可知英文表达为knowledge，意为“知识”，故填knowledge。27impolite【详解】句意：有时，对于我们来说问一个直接的问题是不礼貌的。根据音标提示可知英文表达为impolite，意为“不礼貌的”，形容词作表语，故填impolite。28tiny【详解】句意：裙子上装饰了彩
44、色的小花。根据音标可知，此空为tiny，表示“小的”。故填tiny。29painful【详解】句意：那样的话勾起了痛苦的回忆。根据提示音标可知，其英文表达为painful“痛苦的”，形容词作定语。故填painful。30thirsty【详解】句意：她厌倦了自己的生活，对外面的世界充满了渴望。根据音标“/st/”可知，此处单词为thirsty“渴望，渴求”。故填thirsty。一、完形填空。【答案】 1A 2C 3B 4C 5C 6B 7A 8C 9D 10C 11A 12B 13A 14D 15B【主旨】本文主要讲述了父亲通过铅笔的故事告诉作者一些人生道理，鼓励作者继续前行。【详解】1句意：所
45、以，他是一个几乎没有受过教育的普通人。with有；about关于；under在下面；during在期间。根据“He has never gone to school.”可知，此处是指父亲几乎没有受过教育，with little education“几乎没受过教育”，故选A。2句意：但他会通过故事教育我和妹妹。her她；him他；me我；us我们。根据“But he would teach my sister and.”可知，是指我的妹妹和我，故选C。3句意：在我要去上大学之前的一天，他坐下来，从口袋里拿出一支铅笔。pen钢笔；pencil铅笔；rubber橡皮；ruler尺子。根据后文的“pe
46、ncil”可知，此处是指拿出一支铅笔，故选B。4句意：在你走向社会之前，你需要知道四件事。two二；three三；four四；five五。根据后文“First . Second . Third . And fourth”可知，是指需要知道四件事，故选C。5句意：记住它们，你就能成为最好的人。but但是；or或者；and和；though虽然。根据“Remember them, . you will be the best person you can be.”可知，句子前后是顺承关系，用and连接。故选C。6句意：我们知道，为了成为一支有用的铅笔，它必须不时地被削尖。careful小心的；use
47、ful有用的；awful糟糕的；colorful丰富多彩的。根据“in order to become a(n) . pencil, from time to time, it has to go through being sharpened”可知，铅笔被削尖是为了变得有用。故选B。7句意：如果这支铅笔有感觉，我们可以想象那会有多痛。feel感觉；shape塑造；insist坚持；cancel取消。根据“we could imagine how painful that would be”及前文说要削尖铅笔可知，是指我们在削尖铅笔的时候，如果铅笔能够感觉到，它应该是会很痛苦的。故选A。8句意
48、：但这就是它成为一支有用的铅笔的方式。what什么；whom谁；how如何；which哪一个。根据“thats . it becomes a useful pencil”及前文可知，削尖铅笔，是铅笔变得有用的方式，用how引导表语从句。故选C。9句意：没有人能一直快乐地度过一生。quickly快地；closely紧密地；usually通常；happily快乐地。根据“Painful experiences and difficulties come to us all.”可知，是指没人能一直快乐地度过一生。故选D。10句意：但我们通过这些机会塑造了自己的个性，成长了。guard保卫；guess
49、猜测；grow成长；greet问候。根据“we build our personalities . through these chances”可知，我们也通过这些机会成长了。故选C。11句意：如果我们从错误中吸取教训，那就不是错误了。learn学习；record记录；charge控告；attack攻击。根据“from our mistakes”可知，是指从错误中学习。故选A。12句意：我们可以利用这些经验教训，下次做得更好。higher更高地；better更好地；farther更远地；earlier更早地。根据“We can use the lessons to do.”可知，是指利用这些经
50、验教训下次做得更好。故选B。13句意：你在书写自己的故事。writing写；thinking思考；reporting报告；covering覆盖。根据“Dont be afraid and never stop writing.”可知，你在书写自己的故事。故选A。14句意：第四，永远记住你最重要的部分是你的内在。difficult困难的；comfortable舒服的；hard-working勤奋的；important重要的。根据“A pencil is useless without its inner part.”可知，是指内在是最重要的。故选D。15句意：当我在生活中感到悲伤的时候，我就会想
51、起父亲的话。sisters妹妹的；fathers父亲的；mothers母亲的；brothers兄弟的。根据前文内容可知，父亲通过铅笔的故事告诉作者一些人生哲理，因此此处是指想起父亲的话。故选B。二、阅读理解。【答案】16C 17A 18B 19B 20C【主旨】本文是关于“家庭作业”这个话题对几位学生的采访。【详解】16细节理解题。根据“ In order to know what kind of homework kids should do and how much kids need, the magazine interviewed several kids.”可知关于“家庭作业得情况
52、”，杂志做了一个采访。故选C。17细节理解题。根据Karen, 9 “Kids need homework.”可知Karen支持做家庭作业。故选A。18细节理解题。根据“When there is too much homework, students do poorly in homework.”可知，作业太多时，学生的作业会做得很差。故选B。19细节理解题。根据Robert, 8 “Middle and high school students can do more homework.”可知中学生和高中生可以做更多的家庭作业。故选B。20词文猜测题。根据“Besides, homewor
53、k takes time away from activities like team sports. These are just as important as schoolwork, because they keep kids active.”可知，家庭作业会占用团队运动等活动的时间，团队运动等活动和作业是同等重要的。画线部分“These”指代前文的“activities like team sports”。故选C。三、阅读还原7选5【答案】21B 22G 23E 24A 25C【主旨】本文主要介绍了竹子这种植物。【详解】21根据“People make tables, clothes
54、, medicine, and musical instruments with it”可知竹子有很多用处，选项B“它有1000多种用途”符合语境。故选B。22根据“Some bamboo grows so quickly that people say they can watch it grow”可知竹子长得很快，选项G“世界上生长最快的植物是竹子”符合语境。故选G。23根据“Bamboo plants are found in Asia, Australia, parts of Africa, and South America”可知此处介绍的是竹子的产地，选项E“它也可以在世界其他地方
55、找到”符合语境。故选E。24根据“The Chinese made a bamboo bridge over the Min River in Sichuan, China almost 1,000 years ago”可知此处内容和竹桥有关，选项A“你今天仍然可以参观它”符合语境。故选A。25根据“He tried over 1,000 different types of materials”可知他尝试了1,000多种不同类型的材料，但是都没有成功，选项C“然而，没有一个效果很好”符合语境。故选C。四、语法填空。【答案】26our 27to check 28knew 29usually 3
56、0in 31take 32families 33nicer 34the 35have learned/have learnt/learn【主旨】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述自己赚钱购买新相机的经历。【详解】26句意：我把它落在回学校的公交车上了。此处作定语修饰“school”，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填our。27句意：第二天，我打电话给公共汽车公司，问他们是否能找到它，但它不在那里。此处在句中表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故填to check。28句意：我知道他们是对的，所以我决定自己买一个。本句时态是一般过去时，所以动词用过去式。故填knew。29句意：我的父母通常每周给我8英镑，所以我做的
57、第一件事就是把钱放在书架上的小盒子里。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词usually，故填usually。30句意：我的父母通常每周给我8英镑，所以我做的第一件事就是把钱放在书架上的小盒子里。in the box“在盒子里”，故填in。31句意：他经常出差，但他不能带着他的狗。情态动词“cant”后用动词原形，故填take。32句意：于是，我开始为住在街对面的三户人家工作。three修饰可数名词复数，故填families。33句意：它和我丢失的那个一模一样，但对我来说要好得多。much修饰比较级，强调比较含义，故填nicer。34句意：我用自己赚的钱买了它，感觉很不一样。此处特指自己赚的钱，故填the。35句意：这段经历教会了我努力工作的意义，我知道了人必须小心对待自己拥有的东西，因为它们需要付出很多努力。根据“This experience teaches me what it means to work hard and I.that you must be careful with the things you have”可知，本句可用现在完成时强调动作已经发生，或用一般现在时强调现在，主语是I，助动词是have，动词用原形。故填have learned/have learnt/learn。
