1、专题九 说明文型完形填空专题导读真题典例新题预测返回目录专题导读专题九 说明文型完形填空返回目录专题导读返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例12012课标全国卷阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Body language is the quiet,secret and most powerful language of all!It speaks _1_ than words.According to specialists,our bodies send out more _2_ than we realize.In fact,n
2、onverbal(非言语)communication takes up about 50%of what we really _3_.And body language is particularly _4_ when we attempt to communicate across cultures.Indeed,what is called body language is so _5_ a part of us that its actually often unnoticed.And返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例misunderstandings occur as a res
3、ult of it._6_，different societies treat the _7_ between people differently.Northern Europeans usually do not like having _8_ contact(接触)even with friends,and certainly not with _9_.People from Latin American countries,_10_，touch each other quite a lot.Therefore,its possible that in _11_，it may look
4、like a Latino is _12_ a Norwegian all over the room.The Latino,trying to express friendship,will keep moving _13_.The Norwegian,very probably seeing this as pushiness,will keep _14_which the Latino will in return regard as _15_返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例Clearly,a great deal is going on when people _16_.And
5、 only a part of it is in the words themselves.And when parties are from _17_ cultures,theres a strong possibility of _18_ .But whatever the situation,the best _19_ is to obey the Golden Rule:treat others as you would like to be_20_.返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例 1A straighter Blouder Charder Dfurther 2A sound
6、s Binvitations Cfeelings Dmessages 3A hope Breceive Cdiscover Dmean 4A immediate Bmisleading Cimportant Ddifficult 5A well Bfar Cmuch Dlong返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例6A For example BThus CHowever DIn short7A trade Bdistance Cconnections Dgreetings8A.eye Bverbal Cbodily Dtelephone9A strangers Brelatives Cne
7、ighbours Denemies10A in other words Bon the other hand Cin a similar way Dby all means返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例11A trouble Bconversation Csilence Dexperiment12A disturbing Bhelping Cguiding Dfollowing13A closer Bfaster Cin Daway14A stepping forward Bgoing on Cbacking away Dcoming out15A weakness Bcareles
8、sness Cfriendliness Dcoldness返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例16A talk Btravel Claugh Dthink17A different BEuropean CLatino Drich18A curiosity Bexcitement Cmisunderstanding Dnervousness19Achance Btime Cresult Dadvice20A noticed Btreated Crespected Dpleased返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例要点综述本文是一篇说明文。作者认为身势语比言辞更有效，而身势语却常常被人们
9、忽略。在进行跨文化交流的过程中，身势语尤为重要。作者以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例进行了阐述。最后作者指出，不管什么情况，最好的建议是：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。(你想别人怎么对待你，你就怎样对待别人。)1B 考查副词的比较级及语境理解。身势语比语言表达的意思更响亮，更清楚。此处louder意为“声音更大，更有说服力”。如：Facts speak louder than words.(事实胜于雄辩。)返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例2.D 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。我们的身体发出比我们意识到的更多的信息。sound声音；invitation邀请；feeling感觉；message信息。
10、3D 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。实际上，非语言交际约占据了我们真正想表达的意思的50%。hope希望；receive接收；discover发现；mean意思是。4C 考查形容词词义辨析。当我们进行跨文化交流时，身势语显得尤为重要。immediate立刻的；misleading 误导的；important重要的；difficult困难的。返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例 5.C 考查形容词的用法。事实上，身势语是常常被我们忽略的很多的一部分。6.A 考查语境理解。下文中以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例，说明不同的社会群体对待距离的态度是不同 的。7.B 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。不同的社会群
11、体对待人们之间接触的距离是不同的。trade交易；distance 距离；connection联系；greeting问候。8.C 考查语境理解。即使是朋友，北欧人通常也不喜欢身体的接触，当然更不用说陌生人。eye 眼睛，眼神；verbal 言辞的；bodily身体的；telephone电话。返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例9.A 考查名词词义辨析。北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人。stranger陌生人；relative亲戚；neighbour邻居；enemy敌人。10B 考查介词短语的含义及语境理解。on the other hand然而，在另一方面。然而，
12、拉丁美洲国家的人们相互接触的就很多。11B 考查名词词义辨析。在对话过程中，拉丁人跟着挪威人满屋子转是可能的。trouble 麻烦；conversation对话；silence 沉默；experiment实验。12D 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。在对话过程中，拉丁人跟着挪威人满屋子转是可能的。此处follow意为“跟着走”。返回目录专题九 说明文型完形填空真题典例13A 考查语境理解。拉丁人靠得更近以示友好。14.C 考查动词短语的含义及语境理解。挪威人将不断地后退。step forward前进；go on 继续；back away后退；come out出来。15.D 考查名词词义辨析。拉丁人
13、反过来认为他们很冷淡。weakness虚弱；carelessness粗心；friendliness 友谊；coldness冷淡。16.A 考查动词词义辨析。很显然，当人们谈话时，许多东西都在进行。17A 考查形容词词义辨析。当我们的伙伴来自于不同的文化背景时，产生误解的可能性就会很大。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空真题典例18C 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。当我们的伙伴来自于不同的文化背景时，产生误解的可能性就会很大。19.D 考查名词词义辨析。不管什么样的情景，最好的建议是遵守这样的黄金规则：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。20.B 考查动词词义辨析。不管什么样的情景，最好的建议是遵守这样的黄
14、金规则：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测（一）UK households are cutting back on spending at the fastest rate since 1980.This is _1_ to the worst economic slowdown in three decades.Figures from the Office for National Statistics(ONS)showed _2_ spending fell by 1.2%in the first three months of the year.Peo
15、ple spent less on housing,household goods and services,_3_ those who went on holiday abroad also spent _4_ less.返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测 Consumers tightened their belts _5_ the face of job losses,pay _6_ or freezes and sharply reduced city bonuses.The figures _7_ employees compensation(补偿金)falling by 1.1
16、%in the quarter,the largest fall _8_ records began in 1955.Wages and salaries declined,_9_ lower bonus payments in the financial sector than normal,while _10_ also fell.The data was _11_ as part of the ONSs latest assessment of the UK economy,which _12_ that gross domestic product(GDP)shrank by 1.9%
17、in the first quarter,_13_sharpest decline since 1979.GDP stood 4.1%_14_ than a year ago,the biggest annual fall since 1980.返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测“The breakdown(数字细目)of firstquarter GDP gives a pretty _15_ picture of weakness right across the _16_ in the early months of this year，”said Jonathan Loynes o
18、f Capital Economics.“With _17_ parts like household spending and investment set to fall considerably further in _18_ to the weakness in the housing market,the labour market and bank lending,we _19_ convinced that recentgreen shoots will translate _20_ a return to decent growth next year.”返回目录专题九说明文型
19、完形填空新题预测 1A submitting Bresorting Ccontributing Dextending 2A personnel Bconsumer Cfolk Dclient 3A while Balthough Cbecause Dbut 4A.instantly Bsimultaneously Csignificantly Dactively 5A at Bin Cup Dover返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测 6A dives Bpauses Chalts Dcuts 7A calculated Baccumulated Cexpressed Dshowed 8A
20、 since Bwhen Cas Duntil 9A to Bby Cfor Dwith 10A competition Bemployment Cachievement Dattraction返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测 6A dives Bpauses Chalts Dcuts 7A calculated Baccumulated Cexpressed Dshowed 8A since Bwhen Cas Duntil 9A to Bby Cfor Dwith 10A competition Bemployment Cachievement Dattraction返回目录专题九说
21、明文型完形填空新题预测 16A economy Bfinance Cbusiness Dcommerce 17A right Bfree Ccheap Dkey 18A opposition Bresponse Cregard Dcontrast 19A remain Bprove Cfeel Dmaintain 20A toward Bthrough Cinto Dbeyond返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测要点综述本文是一篇经济报道，讲述了经济危机导致英国居民消费开支自1980年以来最大幅度下滑这一现象。1.C 这导致了近三十年来最严重的经济下滑。submit to 服从；resor
22、t to 求助，诉诸；contribute to 导致，有助于，促进；extend to 延伸到。2B consumer spending表示“消费性支出”。3A 上半句说人们在住房、日用品及服务上的支出减少了，下半句说出国度假的人花费也减少了，由此可见前后句是并列的关系，所以用while。although 表示让步；because表示原因；but 表示转折。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测4C instantly 立即，马上；simultaneously 同时地；significantly 显著地，重要地；actively积极地，活跃地。不难看出这里是说出国度假的人花费也明显减少 了，
23、因此选significantly。5B in the face of为固定短语，表示“面对”。6D pay cuts减薪；dive潜水；halt停止；pause暂停，间歇。7D calculate计算；accumulate积累；express表 达；show表明。句意表达“数据表明”，故选择D项。8A since 表示“自从以来”，上文提到工人们的补偿金本季度下降了1.1%，这个下降的幅度是自1955年有记录以来最低的，所以用since。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测9D bonus表示“奖金”，这里with表示“随着”。语境：随着财政部门奖金的减少，工资也在下降。10B compet
24、ition 竞争；employment 就业；achievement 成就，成绩；attraction吸引，吸引力。随着工资的下降，竞争肯定会越来越激烈，失业的人会越来越多，所以就业率就会下降。11A release 发布，释放；relieve 解除，减轻；relate 联系，叙述；relax 放松。这里release表示“发布”，句意是“这份数据是作为ONS这个组织对英国经济评估报告的一部分来对外发布的”。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测12C promote促进，提升；justify证明是合法的；confirm确认，证实；advocate 提倡，主张。句意是“这份数据证实了第一季度G
25、DP下降了1.9%这一事实”。13D 这里its指的是GDP。14D 从后半句the biggest annual fall since 1980可以得出GDP肯定是比去年降低了4.1%，所以用lower。poor贫穷的；slim苗条的；weak虚弱的。15B amazing令人惊异的；depressing令人沮丧的；surprising令人惊讶的；puzzling令人费解的。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测16A economy经济；finance财政；business商业；commerce商业，贸易。这里应该是对整个宏观经济的分 析，所以用economy，其他三个选项太过片面了。17
26、D key parts表示“基础部分，关键部分”。18B in response to表示“响应，反应”，这里表示由于房地产市场、劳动力市场以及银行借贷的疲软，家庭支出以及投资大幅度下降。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测19A remain表示“依然，保持”，后面大多跟形容词；maintain表示“维持，保持(已有的水平、标准)”。语境表达“虽然房地产市场、劳动力市场以及银行借贷的疲软导致了家庭支出以及投资的大幅度下降，但是我们仍然相信”，所以这里用remain。20C translate into意为“转化为，翻译成”，本题表示“转化成”。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测（二）F
27、or many people today,reading is no longer relaxation.To keep up their work they must read letters,reports,trade publications,interoffice communications,not to mention newspapers and magazines:a neverending flood of words.In _1_ a job or advancing in one,the ability to read and comprehend _2_can mean
28、 the difference between success and failure.Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are _3_ readers.Most of us develop poor reading _4_at an early age,and never get over them.The main deficiency _5_in the actual stuff of language itselfwords.Taken individually,words have返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测_6_ me
29、aning until they are strung together into phrases,sentences and paragraphs._7_，however,the untrained reader does not read groups of words.He laboriously reads one word at a time,often regressing to _8_ words or passages.The tendency to look back over _9_ you have just read is a common bad habit in r
30、eading.Another habit which _10_ down the speed of reading is vocalizationsounding each word either orally or mentally as _11_reads.返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测To overcome these bad habits,some reading clinics use a device called an _12_，which moves a bar(or curtain)down the page at a predetermined speed.The
31、bar is set at a slightly faster rate _13_the reader finds comfortable,in order to“stretch”him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast,_14_wordbyword reading,regression and subvocalization,practically impossible.At first _15_is sacrificed for speed.But when you learn to read ideas and concepts
32、,you will not only read faster,_16_ your comprehension will improve.Many people have found _17_ reading skill drastically improved after some training._18_ Charlce Au,a business manager,for instance,his返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute _19_ the training,now it
33、is an excellent 1，378 words a minute.He is delighted that he can _20_a lot more reading material in a short period of time.返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测 1 Aapplying Bdoing Coffering Dgetting 2 Aquickly Beasily Croughly Ddecidedly 3 Agood Bcurious Cpoor Durgent 4 Atraining Bhabits Csituations Dcustom 5 Alies B
34、combines Ctouches Dinvolves 返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测 6 Asome Ba lot Clittle Ddull 7 AFortunately BIn fact CLogically DUnfortunately 8 Areuse Breread Crewrite Drecite 9 Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dif 10 Ascales Bcuts Cslows Dmeasures 返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测11 Asome one Bone Che Dreader 12 Aaccelerator Bactor Camplifi
35、er Dobserver 13 Athen Bas Cbeyond Dthan 14 Aenabling Bleading Cmaking Dindicating 15 Ameaning Bcomprehension Cgist Dregression 返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测16 Abut Bnor Cor Dfor 17 Aour Byour Ctheir Dsuch 18 ALook at BTake CMake DConsider 19 Afor Bin Cafter Dbefore 20 Arefer to Bgo over Cset about Dget throug
36、h返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测 要点综述阅读本来是一项愉悦身心的活动，但是忙碌的工作使人们阅读时带有很强的目的性。本文就如何开展有效的快速阅读进行了简单的说明。1D 此处说的是“谋得一份差事”。apply需加for，意思是“申请”；do做；offer提供。此三项均不符合题意，只有get(获得)适合。2A 句意为“快速阅读与理解的能力，是决定成败的关键所在”。只有quickly与原意吻合。easily容易地；roughly 粗略地；decidedly果断地；均与原文内容不符。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测 3C 英语中，阅读速度快的人称为good reader，反之，就是poo
37、r reader。根据上下文的内容，多数人都属于poor reader，因此选poor(差的)。其他选项与原文内容不符。4B 此处的意思是“大多数人在早期养成看书慢的习惯”。habit习惯；training训练，培训；situation形势；custom风俗习惯。5A 此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素，即单词”。combine联合；touch接触；involve包括；均不符合句意。而lie与in构成搭配，意为“在于”。6C 这里的意思是“如果单个地看这些词，它们并没有什么意义”。some有点；a lot许多；dull单调的。此返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测三项不合题意。只有li
38、ttle“很少”是否定词，合乎逻辑。7D 此句语境为“作者对未受过阅读训练的人的不良阅读习惯感到遗憾”。fortunately幸运地；in fact事实上；logically合乎逻辑地；均不符合题意。unfortunately“不幸地”，合乎语境。8B 此处语境为“在阅读时经常重读(反复读)”。故选reread“重读”。reuse再使用；rewrite改写；recite背诵。9A 此处所填的词既是look back over的宾语，又是you have just read的宾语，只有what能充当这种双重成分。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测10C scale down按比例减少；cut
39、 down削减；这两项不合题意。measure不能与down搭配。slow down“放慢”，符合句意。11B 此处用one，表泛指。12A 语境为“训练快速阅读所使用的工具必然与提高阅读速度有关”，因此选accelerator“快读器”。actor演员；amplifier放大器；observer观察者。13D 前面的faster决定了选than，构成比较级。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测14C 此句意为“快速阅读器迫使你加快阅读速度，使你再也不能逐字阅读，回顾前文内容或者默读”。enable相当于make possible；lead引导；indicate指出，表明；都不合题意。只有m
40、ake“使，使得”最合适。15B 这里的意思是“速读最初会影响理解”，所以选comprehension“理解”。meaning“意义，意思”，指词或词组表示的意义；gist大意，要旨；regression回归。返回目录专题九说明文型完形填空新题预测16A 与前半句中的not only相呼应，构成句式“不仅而且”，只能选but。17C 本句中的主语是第三人称复数，物主代词必然是their。18B take与后面的for instance构成短语，意为“以为例”，其他三项不能构成搭配。19D 这里指受训练之前与受训练之后的比较，因此选before。20D 此处语境为“在短时间内，读完更多的材料”。
41、refer to参考；go over复习；set about着手做。只有get through“读完”最恰当。返回目录备用习题Thousands of brush lines went into the original great works,but one artist has reproduced some of the worlds most famous paintings with just one line.Designer Chan Hwee Chong creates spiral(螺旋形的)illustrations inspired by some of the most
42、 _1_ works in history.The Singaporean artists work is so_2_ that if he makes a single mistake he starts all over again.He has recreated Leonardo da Vincis Mona Lisa,Van Goghs SelfPortrait and Johannes Vermeers Girl with a Pearl Earring in his own unique_3_返回目录备用习题The 33yearold fatheroftwo said,“_4_，
43、the brief was to show the precision and control of the pens.Right from start,we_5_ ourselves,is there an idea that can bring to life the promise of these pens in a_6_，powerful way?Inspired by lineart drawings,we thought we could_7_ precision and control in a simple idea that involved only one single
44、 line.”He_8_ putting together the impressive drawings to a spider spinning a web.Mr Hwee Chong added,“It wasnt as easy as we thought.We went through many rounds of_9_ and error,painstaking drawing the works in one_10_ line,by hand.As you can返回目录备用习题imagine,every mistake meant we need to start from t
45、he very_11_.This project not only involved skill_12_ lots of perseverance and patience,much_13_ a spider spinning its web.”The Singaporean is an art director at German_14_ studio Kolle Robbe in Hamburg.In his spare time he works_15_ installation art and graphic design.“At work,I deal_16_ with art di
46、rection and ideas.Outside of work I like playing with spaces_17_ different ways of catching our eye in an immersive(拟真的)fashion.”返回目录备用习题Mr Hwee Chong,who lives in Hamburg with his wife Carolyn,said the three pieces took several months to complete due to the fact that every mistake meant a complete
47、restart.“I dont really have an_18_ to how long each drawing took but the whole project took us many months._19_，my favourite is Mona Lisa as it was the piece we started doing first.All three pieces were hard work but I worked with a team which really_20_.We solved problems we had together and it was
48、 great fun.”返回目录备用习题1A popular Beffective Cpractical Drealistic2A successful Bprecise Cstrict Dflexible3A language Bgesture Cstudio Dstyle4A Essentially BFortunately CThankfully DSimilarly5A reminded Btold Casked Dwondered返回目录备用习题6A traditional Bsimple Cdirect Dhard7A present Bchange Cinvent Dlose8A
49、 practiced Bsuggested Cconnected Dcompared9A trial Baction Csuccess Drisk10A shortened Bbroken Ccontrolled Ddivided返回目录备用习题11A end Btop Chead Dbeginning12A yet Bbut Cand Dthen13A like Boff Cafter Dagainst14A film Bmusic Cdesign Dphotography15A for Bon Cwith Dof返回目录备用习题16A mainly Bonly Cclosely Dnerv
50、ously17A making Bexploring Cfeeling Dforcing18A honour Battention Centrance Danswer19A Probably BPersonally CRecently DPreviously20A impressed Bowned Capproved Dhelped返回目录备用习题【要点综述】本文介绍了一种绘画风格。1A根据上下文可知，此处表示“历史上最流行的作品”，故用popular。2B根据该空后的“if he makes a single mistake he starts all over again”可知，应用pre
51、cise“精确的”。3D 这里指的是有着他自己独特的“风格”。4A根据后面的“the brief was to show the”可知应用“Essentially”，表示“本质上”。5C根据下文可知，此处表示我们“问”自己，故用asked。返回目录备用习题6B根据后文的“in a simple idea that”可知B项符合题意。7A我们能够展示“precision and control”这种风格，故选present。8Dcompareto“把比作成”，文中表示他把绘画的过程比作蜘蛛在织网。9A绘画的过程是不断地尝试，不断地犯错，在错误中不断改进的过程。trial and error为固定
52、搭配，表示“反复试验，不断摸索”。10 C前 面 提 到 的 绘 画 风 格 是“precision and control”，由此可知这里应选controlled。返回目录备用习题11D根据第一段中的“starts all over again”可知应选beginning。12 Bnot onlybut also表 示“不 但 而 且”，有时also可以省略。13A根据本空所在句子的句意可知，此处表示“像蜘蛛织网一样”，故选A。14C 根据下句中的“design”可知，应选C项。15Bwork on表示“从事，努力做”，符合语境。16A根据上下文可知，这里应用mainly，表示“主要地，总体上”。返回目录备用习题17B根据前面的“playing with spaces”可知，此处表示“探索不同的方式”，故选B项。18D我真的回答不出来画一幅画要用多长时间。the answer to表示“的答案”。19B根据空后内容可知，此处是Mr Hwee Chong 对蒙娜丽莎这幅画的个人评价。20D根据最后一句“We solved problems we had together and it was great fun.”可知，和团队一起工作真的很有帮助。故选D项。
