1、Unit 2 the Olympic Games reading课时作业阅读理解 阅读下列短文，在A、B、C、D中选出最佳答案。AWith the lure (诱惑) of high salaries and strong job prospects, a lot of students enter college thinking they will major in engineering. If you think engineering might be a good choice for you, a summer engineering program is a great way
2、 to learn more about the field and expand your experiences. Below are some excellent summer engineering programs.Johns Hopkins Engineering InnovationThis introductory engineering course for rising juniors and seniors is offered by Johns Hopkins University at several locations across the country. Eng
3、ineering Innovation teaches critical thinking and applied problem-solving skills for future engineers through lectures, research and projects. If the student achieves an A or B in the program, they will also receive three transferable credits from Johns Hopkins University. The program runs for four
4、or five days a week over four to five weeks, depending on the location. Most locations offer commuter programs only, but the Johns Hopkins Homewood campus in Baltimore also offers a residential option.Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)The Massachusetts Institute of Technology o
5、ffers this enrichment program for high school juniors interested in engineering, science and entrepreneurship. Students select five of 14 rigorous (严格的) academic courses to study over the six weeks of the program, during which time they have several opportunities to network with a diverse group of i
6、ndividuals within the fields of science and engineering. Students also share and celebrate their own cultures. MITES is scholarship-based; those students selected for the program need only provide their own transportation to and from the MIT campus.Summer Engineering Exploration CampHosted by the Un
7、iversity of Michigan, this program is a one-week residential camp for rising high school sophomores, juniors and seniors interested in engineering. Participants have the opportunity to explore several different areas of engineering during engineering workplace tours, group projects, and presentation
8、s by students, faculty and professional engineers. Campers also enjoy recreational events and experience a university residential atmosphere in the University of Michigan dorms.Exploring Your Options at the University of IllinoisThis residential summer engineering camp for rising high school juniors
9、 and seniors is offered by the Worldwide Youth in Science and Engineering program, headquartered at the University of Illinois. Campers have the chance to interact with engineering students and faculty, visit engineering facilities and research labs at the university, and work together on hands-on e
10、ngineering projects. Students also participate in traditional camp recreational and social activities. The camp runs for two one-week sessions during June and July.1 Which of the following programs lasts longest?A. Johns Hopkins Engineering InnovationB. Minority Introduction to Engineering and Scien
11、ceC. Summer Engineering Exploration CampD. Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois2. If you choose the program of MIT, you will _.A. pay a visit to fabulous research labsB. have the chance to win a scholarshipC. enjoy recreational activities with facultyD. experience a university reside
12、ntial atmosphere3. This passage may be intended for _.A. engineering majorsB. professional engineersC. high school studentsD. scientifically gifted childrenBLate last year, I needed to transport some furniture from our house to my sons flat in central London. I should have paid a man to do it, but f
13、oolishly confident in my driving ability, I decided to hire a lorry and drive it myself.Moving the lorry backward in my yard, I crashed into a small shed, causing permanent damage. Fortunately, I owned the shed. I loaded up with the furniture and set out. By now it was rush hour. My nerves broke dow
14、n, as I drove the huge lorry through the streets nervously.At last I arrived at Charlotte Street and found an available parking space. I moved the lorry into it only to notice three people at a pavement cafe waving to me. I got out, trembling violently, like one who had just finished a stormy Atlant
15、ic crossing. “Youve hit the car parked behind you,” they said. I examined the car. There were white scratches on its front face. It bore a disabled sign. So, now I was a bad driver and a bad man. Under the severe look of the three, I left an apologetic note on the damaged cars windscreen, giving my
16、phone number.I unloaded the furniture, dripping the sweat, wanting only to escape from the monster. I drove it back to its base at Edgware. On arrival, the boss told me I must fill it up with petrol before returning it. “Just charge me,” I cried, still shaking with fear. He stared at me with underst
17、anding. No doubt hed witnessed others in this state before. “How about I drive you to a petrol station, you fill up, and I drive it back?” he asked.He danced the great lorry through the traffic so carefully that it would have shamed me if I had not been so grateful.4. The man felt _ to have delivere
18、d the furniture himself.A. gratefulB. proudC. confidentD. regretful5. The man trembled violently because _.A. driving the lorry was too difficult for himB. he caused a terrible traffic accidentC. he was afraid to see the three peopleD. the furniture was too heavy for him6. The man said he was a bad
19、man most probably because _.A. he shouldnt have driven the lorry himselfB. he made the traffic accident on purposeC. he shouldnt have caused trouble for the disabledD. he parked the big lorry on the pavement7. The writer intended to suggest that _.A. it was thrilling to drive a lorryB. being too con
20、fident is foolishC. it was hard to avoid accidentsD. the boss was expert in drivingCWould a faster reading speed mean that we could learn more? Some people claim that its possible. In July last year, the six-time speed reading champion Anne Jones sat down to read Harper Lees Go Set a Watchman. Just
21、25 minutes and 31 seconds later, she finished it which equals a reading rate of around 3,700 words per minute. Jones runs training courses teaching speed reading, recall and concentration techniques and there are numerous speed reading apps that have appeared on the market over the past few years. B
22、ut do they actually work?First, we need to understand how we read. The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability. Read over that sentence again, and think about how your eyes scan across the words. They dont move smoothly over them. Instead, they make a series of short, sharp jumps
23、, skipping over a few characters before briefly landing on a word. The movements are known as saccades (扫视) and the pauses are called fixations.Reading isnt just about seeing the words you need to comprehend them to build up a picture about what the text means. People are able to get through a block
24、 of text faster, but at the cost of accuracy and understanding. In other words, if you use a speed reading app, then youll probably get the gist (主旨) of a piece of text, but youll struggle to recall details about what youve just read.So, does speed reading work? Well, yes and no. It really depends o
25、n what youre reading and why you need to read it. As yet, there isnt a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately theres always going to be a trade-off.8. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Speed reading is bad at times.B. Speed reading is a waste of time.C. Speed
26、reading can work sometimes.D. Speed reading is always enjoyable.9. What can we know from the passage?A. Reading apps ensure we read much faster.B. Fast reading makes us learn more knowledge.C. Reading is no more than seeing the text words.D. Reading ability is related to the eye movement system.10.
27、What does the underlined word “trade-off” most probably mean in the last paragraph?A. Balance.B. Change.C. Business.D. Bargain.11. What might the writer continue to talk about?A. The advantages of faster or slower reading.B. The reasons why to do faster or slower reading.C. The cases where to do fas
28、ter and slower reading.D. The methods for making use of faster or slower reading.DIt is the ideal way for travellers to ensure they wake up with the perfect viewa portable Ecocapsule that can be set up anywhere in the world. The innovative, egg-shaped pods ensure travelers can camp in the most extre
29、me corners of the world, with all the luxury of a hotel room.Looking like something in a sci-fi movie, the pod is equipped with solar panels, and a retractable wind turbine, which guarantee solar and wind energy as its power. In this way, the tiny home can let you live comfortably wherever you trave
30、l. It even has its own shower and toilet, sleeping area for two, and a small kitchen. It may look like a camp, but at least with the Ecocapsule you can look forward to a hot shower and running water on your travels.The 3,306 lb pods can be transported on your travels in a container or can be towed o
31、n a trailer, meaning the possibilities are endless.Bratislava-based Nice Architects are behind the extraordinary Ecocapsules and said they initially designed them for people who stay in the nature for a long time. However, it quickly became apparent that they could be opened up to the wider public a
32、nd even used in urban areas to combat high rent, and placed on roofs for studio space or living quarters. The Ecocapsule can serve as a cottage, a pop-up hotel or even as a charging station for electric cars.The Ecocapsules could even be quickly imported for housing for emergency teams who have been
33、 quickly deployed to help with natural disasters that have destroyed nearby infrastructure. Described by the website as a “Swiss Army knife” it packs everything you need, the self-contained unit can sustain long periods of time without external resources.The 86 soft pods are able to sleep two people
34、 for up to a year and for those worried about a cold nights sleep, the Ecocapsule has a thick layer of efficient heat isolation and energy restoration which significantly reduce heat loss.The pod is designed to with stand harsh weather conditions due to its innovative design and materials used. No w
35、onder the Nice Architects are so confident about its prospect and the producers are receiving heavy orders.12. Where does the Ecocapsule get power?A. From solar panels and a retractable wind turbine.B. From a portable battery.C. From an electric generator.D. From its shower.13. Whom may be the Ecoca
36、psule initially designed for?A. Campers.B. Office ladies.C. Field biologists.D. Homeless people.14. Why dont the Ecocapsules users worry about coldness during their nights sleep?A. Because there is a retractable wind turbine in it.B. Because it has an air conditioner in it.C. Because it is a self-co
37、ntained unit.D. Because it is equipped with a thick layer to reduce heat loss.15. How do the designers view the Ecocapsules future market?A. Negative.B. Optimistic.C. WorriedD. Doubtful.参考答案【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C这是一篇说明文。短文向进入大学想主修工程学的高中学生介绍了一些大学在暑期开设的关于工程学的课程和活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。由Johns Hopkins Engineering In
38、novation中的“four to five weeks”由Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)中的 “the six weeks of the program”和Summer Engineering Exploration Camp中的“one-week”以及 Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois中的“two one-week ”可知，通过对比，可以看出Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science
39、持续的时间最长。故B选项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。由Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)中的“MITES is scholarship-based”可知，MITES设有奖学金。所以如果你参加了MITES的课程，你会有机会获得奖学金。故B选项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。由Johns Hopkins Engineering Innovation中的“rising juniors and seniors”由Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)中
40、的“high school juniors ”和Summer Engineering Exploration Camp中的“for rising high school juniors and seniors”以及 Exploring Your Options at the University of Illinois中的“ rising high school juniors and seniors”可知，这些课程和活动主要针对的对象是高中学生。故判断出这段短文是专门写给高中学生的。故C选项正确。【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B这是一篇记叙文。文中的“我”对自己的驾驶技术过分自
41、信，把本该请别人运输的家具选择雇卡车自己运输，一路上“我”撞到了小棚子，后来又剐坏了残疾人的车等等一系列事情，惊险又紧张。这个故事蕴含了这样的道理：太自信是愚蠢的。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“I should have paid a man to do it, but foolishly confident in my driving ability, I decided to hire a lorry and drive it myself（我本应该付钱请人来做这件事，但我愚蠢地对自己的驾驶能力充满信心，决定雇一辆卡车自己开）”以及第二段首句“Moving the lorry
42、 backward in my yard, I crashed into a small shed, causing permanent damage（把卡车倒在院子里，撞到了一个小棚子里，给它造成了永久性损坏），再结合下文描述的“我”停车时撞上别人的车以及不得已让出租卡车的老板送自己回家可知“我”对决定自己装运家具的事感到后悔，D项“regretful”意为“后悔的”符合语境。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I got out, trembling violently, like one who had just finished a stormy Atlantic cro
43、ssing（我下了车，浑身颤抖，就像刚完成了一次暴风雨中的大西洋横渡）再结合第二段最后一句“My nerves broke down, as I drove the huge lorry through the streets nervously（当我紧张地开着那辆大卡车穿过街道时，我的神经崩溃了。）”可知，由于卡车难以驾驶，“我”剧烈颤抖的原因是太紧张。因此，A项“driving the lorry was too difficult for him（驾驶这辆卡车对他太难了）”符合语境，故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There were white scratches o
44、n its front face. It bore a disabled sign. So, now I was a bad driver and a bad man（车的前部表面有白色的划痕，车上带有残疾人标志。所以，现在我是一个坏司机，一个坏人）”可知，由于剐坏了带有残疾人标志的车，这可能会给车主带来麻烦，因此“我”觉得，自己是一个坏人。C选项“he shouldnt have caused trouble for the disabled（他本不该给残疾人带来麻烦）”符合语境，故C项正确。【7题详解】推理判断题。结合全文描述的“我”因为对自己的驾驶技术盲目自信，而租用卡车自己装运家具而导
45、致一系列问题可知，本文旨在说明“过分自信是愚蠢的”，B项“being too confident is foolish（太自信是愚蠢的）”符合语境。故选B项。【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了快速阅读有一定作用。 快速阅读虽然能把握文章的主旨，但是回忆细节还需要时间。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段尾句“But do they actually work?( 但是，这些真的有用吗)” 可知,文章第一段对快速阅读是否有用提出疑问；接着第二段介绍了阅读能力与眼睛运动系统有关； 结合第三段“So, does speed reading work? Well
46、, yes and no. It really depends on what youre reading and why you need to read it（那么，速读有效吗？好吧，是的，也不是，这取决于你在读什么以及你为什么要读）”可知，本文的主旨是：速读只是在有些时候是有效的。 C项“Speed reading can work sometimes（速读有些时候是有效的）”，故C正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability（人眼运动系统是我们阅读能力的核心
47、）”可知，人的眼睛运动系统对我们的阅读能力很重要，因此我们从文中可以了解到，D项“Reading ability is related to the eye movement system（阅读能力与眼动系统有关）”符合题意。故选择D 项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。 根据最后一段中“So, does speed reading work? Well, yes and no. It really depends on what youre reading and why you need to read it. As yet, there isnt a trick that enables yo
48、u to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately,（那么，速读有效吗？好吧，是的，也不是。这取决于你在读什么以及你为什么要读它。到目前为止，还没有一种技巧可以让你快速准确地阅读一段文字）”可知，速读是否有效，取决于你的阅读材料和阅读需求，需要在阅读材料和阅读需求之间建立一个平衡（Balance），因此推断出，画线词意为“平衡”， A.项“Balance（平衡）”符合题意。故A项正确。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句“As yet, there isnt a trick that enables you to read a pi
49、ece of text both quickly and accurately theres always going to be a trade-off （到目前为止，还没有一种技巧可以让你快速准确地阅读一段文字总有一个平衡）” 可推知，文章接下来可能阐述在什么情况下进行速读以及在什么情况下进行慢读，C项“The cases where to do faster and slower reading（在哪些情况下快读及慢读）”符合题意，故C项正确。【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款便携式生态胶囊。作者介绍了它的制作原理，用途和市场前景。【12
50、题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Looking like something in a sci-fi movie, the pod is equipped with solar panels, and a retractable wind turbine, which guarantee solar and wind energy as its power.”可知，这个吊舱配备了太阳能电池板和一个可伸缩的风力涡轮机，可以保证太阳能和风能作为它的动力。由此可推断出，生态胶囊是通过太阳能电池板和可伸缩的风力涡轮机获得动力的。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“Bratisl
51、ava-based Nice Architects are behind the extraordinary Ecocapsules and said they initially designed them for people who stay in the nature for a long time.”可知，生态胶囊最初是为长期生活在大自然中的人设计的。浏览选项，Field biologists意为“野外生物学家”，他们是需要在野外长期工作的。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“the Ecocapsule has a thick layer of efficie
52、nt heat isolation and energy restoration which significantly reduce heat loss.”可知，生态胶囊有一层厚厚的有效隔热和能量恢复层，能够显著减少热量的流失。由此可推断出，生态胶囊的使用者在晚上睡觉时不用担心寒冷，是因为它配备的隔热层能够减少热量的流失。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“No wonder the Nice Architects are so confident about its prospect and the producers are receiving heavy orders.”可知，设计师对生态胶囊的前景是自信的，而生态胶囊的生产商也接到了大量的订单，由此可推断出，设计师对生态胶囊的未来市场是自信的，乐观的，Optimistic意为“乐观的”，符合设计师的态度。故选B项。
