1、2021年“山东学情”高二上学期开学考试英语试题（A版）考试时间：120分钟注意事项：1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where is Mr. Smith most probably?A. At home. B. At Sun Valley. C. In his office.2.
2、 How is the man going to spend this weekend?A. Going fishing B. Doing his garden. C. Repairing his car.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The coming rain. B. The coming flood. C. The government.4 What is Jim?A. A teacher. B. A driver. C. A car seller.5. Who broke the glass?A. Joan. B.
3、Adam. C. Peter.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. When did the woman have the graduation party?A. Last Sunday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Friday.7. What will the man do this afternoon?A.
4、 Attend a meeting. B. Meet some clients. C. Read some resumes.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What happened to the boy?A. He was hit by a car.B. He hit a bus with his car.C. He hurt his leg in an accident.9. Whats the man doing probably?A. Making an apology. B. Asking for details. C. Looking after patients.10. W
5、hat can we know from the conversation?A. Something blocked the drivers view.B. The driver drove very fast.C. The boy rode very fast.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What will the woman do in the restaurant?A. Serve the table. B. Cook the dish. C. Clean the kitchen.12. What do we know about the mans restaurant?A
6、. Its large. B. Its of medium size. C. Its small.13. What does the man expect the restaurant to be?A. Warm and quiet. B. Busy and playful. C. Large and noisy.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14. Why did Jack quit his job?A. He didnt like it at all.B. He quarreled with his boss.C. He couldnt finish his work.15. What
7、 happened to Jack at the meeting?A. He was criticized. B. He made a mistake. C. He didnt make a big deal.16. What does Jack think of his job?A. It is boring. B. It is challenging. C. It has no future.17. What does Mary advise Jack to do?A. Go travelling. B. Improve himself. C. Find another job.听第10段
8、材料，回答第18至20题18. What change has been made to the plane?A. The leaving time. B. The boarding gate. C. The boarding time.19. What will take place in 45 minutes?A. Passengers will begin to board the plane.B. Flight 618 from Rome will arrive.C. The plane will take off.20. What are the passengers suppose
9、d to put in the overhead place?A. Purses. B. A small piece of baggage. C. Shopping bags.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分， 满分37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATiffany McDaniel on the ways her mother inspires her literary careerTiffany McDaniels mother made her an eager reader, and now shes th
10、e subject of her latest novel. In Betty, the author traces her mothers childhood and the Cherokee heritage that defined it. Below, the author tells us her trade secrets, from her earliest attempts to put pen to paper to why it meant so much to write about her own family.What is the first thing ever
11、that you remember writing?Ive been writing since I was a kid old enough to grasp the pen, so I cant remember the very first thing I ever wrote. But one of those very early books would have been The Big Bad Toothbrush. I wrote it when I was six. It was about two toothbrushes who were twins, one of wh
12、ich was evil. I still have the book on my shelf, and always remember the opening lines, “Once there was a toothbrush I was a mean one, it was.” The evil toothbrush would do things like turn peoples teeth black. The story ended with the toothbrush going to toothbrush heaven.What is the last book that
13、 made you cry?I have a pretty high tolerance level, so Ive never cried during a novel, but childrens picture books that feature the loss of animals are ones that stay with me like The Day Tiger Rose Said Goodbye And books like The Giving Tree and Donkey, Donkey.Which book is at the top of your curre
14、nt To-Read list?I read more non-fiction than I do fiction. Among those to read is a book about the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and another book about the birth and final fate of the sun. Science, and planetary science, in particular, is fascinating to me.Which book made you a forever reader?Growin
15、g up, my mother Betty made sure books and reading were part of our lives. From the time my sisters and I were born, Mom was reading to us. And it became a bedtime habit as we grew older. Thats what made me a forever reader. Having had a mother who made sure that from the time we were kids, we unders
16、tood the importance of story.What is your favorite part of this Betty?My favorite part is that it features my mother Betty and her story. I wrote Betty to celebrate the voices of my family, and in particular the voices of the women in my family. This book is a personal journey for me and the generat
17、ions who have come before me. Its why this book will always cast ripples in my life.1. Who is the leading character in Tiffanys latest novel?A. Herself.B. Her friend.C. Her mother.D. Her sister.2. Which book is Tiffany going to read in the near future?A. The Big Bad Toothbrush.B. The Day Tiger Rose
18、Said Goodbye.C. Betty.D. a book about the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.3. What does Tiffany owe her writing career to?A. Her talent for writing.B. The reading habit formed with the help of her mother.C. Her love of fiction books.D. The encouragement from her mother.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇采访
19、稿。主要讲述了Tiffany 的写作历程和她妈妈在她成为作家的过程中所起到的重要作用。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段前两句“Tiffany McDaniels mother made her an eager reader, and now shes the subject of her latest novel. In Betty, the author traces her mothers childhood and the Cherokee heritage that defined it.（蒂凡尼麦克丹尼尔的母亲让她成为了一个热切的读者，现在她成了她最新小说的主题。在贝蒂一书中，作
20、者追溯了她母亲的童年，以及定义童年的切诺基传统）”和最后一段第一句“My favorite part is that it features my mother Betty and her story.（我最喜欢的部分是我妈妈贝蒂和她的故事）”可知Tiffany的母亲是她最新小说的主人公。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题Which book is at the top of your current To-Read list?（哪本书是你现在要读的书单上的第一本书？）中的第四段第二句“Among those to read is a book about the 1906 San
21、Francisco earthquake and another book about the birth and final fate of the sun.（其中有一本关于1906年旧金山地震的书，还有一本关于太阳诞生和最终命运的书）”可知，作者现在要读一本关于1906年旧金山地震的书。故选D项 。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“From the time my sisters and I were born, Mom was reading to us. And it became a bedtime habit as we grew older. Thats what mad
22、e me a forever reader.（从我和妹妹出生的时候起，妈妈就开始给我们读书。随着年龄的增长，它成为了我们睡觉的习惯。这使我成为一个永远的读者）”可推知，她母亲让读书成为了她的一个习惯，让她热爱读书为她成为一名作家发挥了重要的作用。故选B项。BPicture a proposal (求婚) and romance, and rings come to mind - not a conversation about organs. But when Craig asked Sadie to marry him in Naples in 2018, it was kidneys th
23、at resulted in the talk of marriage.It had all started with snoring. When the couple moved in together in 2010, Sadie realized Craigs night-time noises were a problem. At first it didnt seem to be serious. But after months of examinations, he was diagnosed as IgA Nephropathy, a chronic kidney diseas
24、e, says Sadie. “It was incurable and would have a long-term impact on his health. “The diagnosis was a bomb - we were facing the fact that this would change his life.”Unfortunately, by 2016 his condition was worsening. Craig recalls: “I was getting incredibly tired. Id come home from work and fall o
25、n the sofa, asleep for hours. Still, it came as a huge shock to them both when in March 2019 the couple were told that Craig had two options: a kidney transplant or dialysis.Sadie remembers. “This wasnt a decision for five years time - he had to make it now. Hes Australian, So all his family were on
26、 the other side of the world. My response was clear and immediate - you can have one of mine.”Craig says: “When I saw her reply, I was struck with guilt. Sadie is such a selfless person, I wasnt surprised that she wanted to help.” After witnessing the terrifying reality of dialysis, Sadie became mor
27、e determined to do so.Sadly, because they had different blood types, Sadie couldnt be a direct donor but then they learned about the Kidney Sharing Scheme. “Its a bit like a kidney swap-shop based on blood, tissue and antibody tests,” says Sadie. Then finally, with the help of the scheme, in May 201
28、9, they were matched. On July 10, 2019, they both checked into hospital and both operations went smooth.“Sadie is the most amazing, selfless person Ive ever met. Now we can live life again, together, and its all because of her.” Craig says.4. What did Craig suffer from in 2010?A. SnoringB. A heart t
29、roubleC. A kidney diseaseD. A cancer5. Which words can be used to best describe Sadie?A. Generous and selfishB. Kind and selflessC. Determined and humorousD. Amazing and serious6. Which of the following is Not the reason for Sadie decision to donate her organ to Craig?A. Craigs family members lived
30、far away from him.B. Sadie didnt want Craig to go through dialysis.C. Sadie was a person of noble quality.D. Sadie and Craig were well matched.7. What is the best title for the passage?A. A Kidney Transplant.B. A Young Man Suffering from A Disease.C. An Organ Transplant Contributed To A Proposal.D.
31、A Young Man Proposed To His Girlfriend.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Sadie 和Craig之间感人的爱情故事，Sadie在得知她男朋友患肾病之后对他不离不弃，决定捐献自己的一个肾，最终拯救了男友，两人也收获了爱情。 【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的 “When the couple moved in together in 2010, Sadie realized Craigs night-time noises were a problem. At first it didnt seem
32、 to be serious. But after months of examinations, he was diagnosed as IgA Nephropathy, a chronic kidney disease,” （2010年，当两人搬到一起时，Sadie意识到Craig夜间打鼾是个问题。起初，情况似乎并不严重。但经过数月的检查，他被诊断为IgA肾病，一种慢性肾病。”）可知，Craig患了肾病。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Sadie is such a selfless person”（Sadie是一位无私的人）以及在面对男友患病后的所作所为可知，Sadie是一位
33、善良、无私的人，故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“Hes Australian, So all his family were on the other side of the world. ”（他是澳大利亚人，所以他的家人都在地球的另一边）可知，Craig的家人离他们很远；根据第五段最后一句“After witnessing the terrifying reality of dialysis, Sadie became more determined to do so.”（在目睹了透析的可怕现实后，Sadie更加下定决心这么做。）可知，Sadie不想让Craig遭受透析的痛
34、苦；根据Craig对Sadie的评价可知，Sadie是一位品格高尚的人；根据“Then finally, with the help of the scheme, in May 2019, they were matched. ”（最终，在该计划的帮助下，他们配型成功。）所在段落可知，配型成功是在Sadie决定捐肾之后。综上，故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。主要讲述了Sadie 和Craig之间感人的爱情故事，Sadie在得知她男朋友患肾病之后对他不离不弃，决定捐献自己的一个肾，最终拯救了男友，两人也收获了爱情。因此可推断选项C“器官移植促成了求婚”为最佳标题，故选C。【点睛】CAlthoug
35、h a rich literature exists documenting the negative relationship between air pollution and physiological (生理的) health, little has been done to examine the role of air pollution in psychological heath. In the study, titled “Air Pollution Reduces Interpersonal Trust” researchers used three different e
36、xperimental designs to test their theory that air pollution would reduce ones level of trust in others.In Study 1, participants were presented with landscape photos that showed either polluted scenes or clear scenes. Those who viewed photos of polluted scenes reported lower scores when completing a
37、questionnaire measuring social trust.In Study 2, researchers used a “big data” approach, collecting mass information from social media platforms and analyzing it in connection with weather monitoring data. Their analysis showed that polluted conditions were associated with reduced expressions of pos
38、itive emotions on social media sites, while clearer conditions were associated with stronger positive emotional expressions.Finally, in Study 3, participants who were asked to read social media posts about poor air quality reported less social trust than those who read posts unrelated to pollution.
39、This makes sense-as air pollution causes negative emotions, people are more likely to focus on others negative characteristics and find them less trustworthy.The effects of this study are far-reaching. By reducing trust in others this study suggests that air pollution can have negative effects on so
40、cial unity and harmony. Considering widespread air pollution throughout the globe, any effect between pollution and human psychology should be given serious attention.8 What did the researchers design three different experiments for?A. To prove that ones level of trust would be negatively affected b
41、y air pollution.B. To test the theory that air pollution would increase the level of trust in others.C. To prove that air pollution would have a positive effect on trust in others.D. To test the theory that air pollution would have a negative effect on physical health.9. According to the study, if y
42、oud like to meet a new friend, which day will you choose to strengthen your friendship?A. A fair dayB. A happy dayC. A rainy dayD. A polluted day10. What can be concluded from Study 2?A. People expressed their feelings more positively in polluted weather on social media sites.B. People posted more n
43、egative feelings in clearer weather on social media sitesC. Polluted weather led to less positive emotion expressions on social media sites.D. Clearer weather led to less positive emotion expressions on social media sites11. According to the last paragraph, how should we deal with this study?A. It h
44、as little effect on the society and can be ignored.B. It should be paid special attention to.C. It should be further conducted.D. It should be stopped.【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章通过三项研究证明了空气污染会对人与人之间的信任产生负面的影响。8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In the study, titled “Air Pollution Reduces Interperso
45、nal Trust”, researchers used three different experimental designs to test their theory that air pollution would reduce ones level of trust in others.（在这项名为“空气污染降低人际信任”的研究中，研究人员使用了三种不同的实验设计来检验他们的理论，即空气污染会降低一个人对他人的信任水平。）”可知，研究人员设计了三个不同的实验来证明一个人的信任度会受到空气污染的负面影响。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“By reducing trus
46、t in others, this study suggests that air pollution can have negative effects on social unity and harmony.（该研究表明，空气污染会降低人们对他人的信任，从而对社会的团结与和谐产生负面影响。）”可知，根据研究的结果可知，污染的天气会让人减少对别人的信任，所以要想增加友谊，需要增加信任，因此要选择晴朗的没有污染的天气。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Their analysis showed that polluted conditions were associated w
47、ith reduced expressions of positive emotions on social media sites, while clearer conditions were associated with stronger positive emotional expressions（他们的分析表明，污染的环境与社交媒体网站上积极情绪的表达减少有关，而清晰的环境与更强烈的积极情绪表达有关）”可知，污染的天气导致社交媒体网站上的积极情绪表达减少。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Considering widespread air pollution th
48、roughout the globe, any effect between pollution and human psychology should be given serious attention.（考虑到全球范围内普遍存在的空气污染，污染与人类心理之间的任何影响都应该受到重视。）”可知，我们应该重视这项研究。故选B。DHelping yourself to a cup of coffee may seem like a small, everyday thing. But it is not the case if you are quadriplegic (四肢瘫瘓) . Qua
49、driplegics have lost the use of all four limbs. Thanks to a project organized by John Donoghue of Brown University, in Rhode Island, and his colleagues, quadriplegics have hope.One of the participants in his experiments, a 58-year-old woman who is unable to use any of her limbs, can now pick up a bo
50、ttle containing coffee and bring it close enough to her mouth to drink from it using a straw. She does so using a thought-controlled robotics arm fixed to a nearby stand. It is the first time she has managed something like that since she suffered a stroke, nearly 15 years ago.Arms are more complex p
51、ieces of machinery than legs, so controlling them via electrodes (多波段电极) attached to the skin of someones scalp (头皮) is not yet possible. Instead, brain actively has to be recorded directly. And that is what Dr. Donoghue is doing. Dr. Donoghue and his team have had small, multichannel electrodes imp
52、lanted in the parts of the motor cortexes (运动皮质) of participants brains associated with hand movements.Dr. Donoghue and his team decoded signals from their participants brains as they were asked to imagine controlling a robotic arm making present movements. The woman and other volunteers were then e
53、ncouraged to operate one of two robot arms by thinking about the movements they wanted to happen. When the software controlling the arms detected the signals concerned, the arms moved properly. The arm that the woman used to help herself to a drink is a lightweight device developed by DLR, Germans A
54、erospace Centre, as part of its robotics program.Dr. Donoghue and his colleagues have thus shown that a mechanical arm can be controlled remotely by the brain of a person with paralysis. Controlling an arm that is attached to the individuals body will be thicker, but in time even that may be possibl
55、e. In the meantime, a robotic arm attached to a wheelchair will be a real boon. For people who have little or no ability to move their arms, Dr. Donoghues work promises liberation in the form of daily action that the able-bodied take for granted.12. Which is true according to the passage?A. The woma
56、n is encouraged to control the mechanical arm by moving her body.B. The woman in the experiment drinks a bottle of coffee with a robotic arm attached to her scalp.C. Thanks to the research by Dr. Donoghue and his colleagues a quadriplegic woman can get herself a drink.D. The robotic arm the woman us
57、ed is remotely controlled by DLR.13. Whats the authors attitude to the future of the robotic arm?A. optimistic.B. critical .C. controversial.D. negative.14. Whats the meaning of the underlined word “boon” in the last paragraph?A. bargainB. benefitC. armD. ability15. Whats the main idea of the text?A
58、. Quadriplegics can use the artificial limbs developed by Dr. Donoghue and lead a good life by themselves.B. The newly developed thought-controlled robotic arms can help the quadriplegics in their daily life.C. Scientists have invented a kind of robotic arm attached to the individuals body.D. A quad
59、riplegic can be on his feet again due to the new invention.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了罗德岛布朗大学的John Donoghue和他的同事研究出了可由思想控制的机械手臂，使得四肢瘫痪的人有了希望。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句 “Thanks to a project organized by John Donoghue of Brown University, in Rhode Island, and his colleagues, quadriple
60、gics have hope”（多亏了罗德岛布朗大学的John Donoghue和他的同事组织的一个项目，四肢瘫痪的人有了希望。）以及第二段第一句“One of the participants in his experiments, a 58- year- old woman who is quadriplegic and unable to use any of her limbs, can now pick up a bottle containing coffee and bring it close enough to her mouth to drink from it using
61、 a straw.”（在他的实验中，一位58岁的瘫痪女性，四肢不能移动，现在她可以拿起一个装着咖啡的瓶子，把它放到嘴边，用吸管喝咖啡。）可知，C选项“多亏了Donoghue博士和他的同事们的研究，一个瘫痪的女人可以给自己弄一杯饮料”是正确的。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Controlling an arm that is attached to the individuals body will be trickier, but in time even that may be possible. ”（要直接控制安装在身体上的假肢还是比较麻烦，但假以时日，这是可能实现
62、的。）可知这项技术虽复杂，却是可以实现的，因此可推知，作者对四肢瘫痪的机械手臂的未来持乐观态度。故选A。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“For people who have little or no ability to move their arms, Dr. Donoghues work promises liberation in the form of daily action that the able-bodied take for granted .”（对于那些没有能力或者只有有限能力支配他们手臂 的患者来说，Donoghue博士的成果解放了他们，让他们也能够完成那些我们认
63、为理所当然的日常琐事。）可以推知“a robotic arm attached to a wheelchair will be a real boon.”（连接在轮椅上的机械臂将是一个真正的福音。）中划线词词义为“福利”，与benefit“利益；益处”意思相近，故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第三句“Thanks to a project organized by John Donoghue of Brown University, in Rhode Island, and his colleagues, quadriplegics have hope.”（多亏了罗德岛布朗大学的J
64、ohn Donoghue和他的同事组织的一个项目，四肢瘫痪的人有了希望。）可知，这篇文章的主旨是新研发的由思想控制的机械手臂可以帮助瘫痪者的日常生活。故选B。【点睛】第二节 （共5小题：每小题 2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。_16_ In fact, I think it might even be stronger and more accurate to say that most people are down right fearful of what they see going on around th
65、em.Technological change and innovation are completely changing many aspects of our lives and it doesnt stop there. Economic changes, social changes, scientific changes, political changes. the list is endless. _17_ While the specific answers about what to do take time and thought to uncover, the best
66、 way to approach the future and all of the changes it will bring can be summed up in one word: Confidence.What I find fascinating is that people with confidence always seem to end up on top. _18_ Its as if problems and challenges run from the person who has confidence.Heres the secret that most peop
67、le never get. Lifes challenges are no match for the person with unstoppable confidence. While the problems or challenges might seem too big to be overcome, the person with confidence always finds a way to win regardless of the circumstances.This is a hard lesson to learn. The problems of life seem s
68、o big and scary and we often think of ourselves as so small and fragile. But thats not the way it is. Thats the illusion (假象) that most people buy into, but its not the truth._19_ We have the power and ability to overcome any obstacle in our path. And the most important tool we possess is personal c
69、onfidence, believing in our ability to overcome the current challenge just like we have done so many times in the past.Whatever challenge is currently in your life, know that its there to help you grow and expand. _20_ Remember, you wouldnt have the problem if you didnt have the power to overcome it
70、. Expanding your personal confidence will allow you to take on whatever you need to in order to fulfill your personal mission.A. They seem to overcome the obstacles that stand in their way.B. The truth is that we are bigger than anything that can ever happen to us in life.C. The world is changing ra
71、pidly and most people are very anxious about it.D. So we maybe at a loss.E. However, the big question we all face is how are we going to respond to these changes?F. In some ways, it is undoubtedly the most important skill we can develop.G. Use the problems you encounter to help you build your person
72、al confidence.【答案】16. C 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了增加自信的方法和途径。【16题详解】根据后句“In fact, I think it might even be stronger and more accurate to say that most people are down right fearful of what they see going on around them.(事实上，我认为更有力、更准确的说法是，大多数人对他们周围发生的事情感到恐惧。)”可知，首段起始句需要点明背景或问题，即
73、大多数人对现状感到焦虑。所以选择项C“The world is changing rapidly and most people are very anxious about it.(世界正在迅速变化，大多数人对此非常焦虑。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的The world is changing rapidly与后句中的going on around them相对应。故选C。【17题详解】根据前句“Economic changes, social changes, scientific changes, political changes. the list is endless.( 经济变化
74、、社会变化、科学变化、政治变化这个名单是无穷无尽的。)”和下文“While the specific answers about what to do take time and thought to uncover, the best way to approach the future and all of the changes it will bring can be summed up in one word: Confidence. (虽然具体的答案需要时间和思考才能找到，但通向未来的最好方法以及它将带来的所有变化可以归结为一个词：信心。)”可知，此处应该是个问句，即我们将如何应对
75、这些无穷无尽的变化。所以选择项E“However, the big question we all face is how are we going to respond to these changes? (然而，我们都面临的一个大问题是，我们将如何应对这些变化?)”符合上下文语境。故选E。【18题详解】根据前句“What I find fascinating is that people with confidence always seem to end up on top. (我发现有趣的是，自信的人似乎总能取得成功)”和后句“Its as if problems and challe
76、nges run from the person who has confidence.( 就好像问题和挑战从自信的人身边溜走了。)”可知，自信的人更容易克服问题和挑战而成功。所以选择项A“They seem to overcome the obstacles that stand in their way. (他们似乎克服了阻碍他们前进的障碍。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。【19题详解】根据后文“We have the power and ability to overcome any obstacle in our path. And the most important tool we p
77、ossess is personal confidence, believing in our ability to overcome the current challenge just like we have done so many times in the past. ( 我们有力量和能力克服我们道路上的任何障碍。而我们拥有的最重要的工具就是个人自信，相信我们有能力克服当前的挑战，就像我们过去多次做的那样。)”可知，自信能够克服任何困难，我们比任何困难都强大。所以选择项B“The truth is that we are bigger than anything that can e
78、ver happen to us in life. (事实上，我们比生活中任何可能发生在我们身上的事情都要强大。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。【20题详解】根据前句“Whatever challenge is currently in your life, know that its there to help you grow and expand. (无论你生活中现在有什么挑战，都要知道它会帮助你成长和发展。)”和后文“Remember, you wouldnt have the problem if you didnt have the power to overcome it. Expa
79、nding your personal confidence will allow you to take on whatever you need to in order to fulfill your personal mission. (记住，如果你没有克服困难的能力，你就不会遇到困难。增强自信能让你承担完成个人使命所需要的一切。)”可知，挑战和困难能够帮助你增强自信。所以选择项G“Use the problems you encounter to help you build your personal confidence. (利用你遇到的问题来帮助你建立个人自信。)”符合上下文语境
80、。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Little Isabella Hibbert was just four when she found her mum Chelsea _21_ on the kitchen floor at their home in Oldham, Greater Manchester, in 2018.The quick-thinking youngster grabbed Chelseas phone and _22_ 999
81、and gave the call handler her _23_ before climbing on a stool to let the doctors and nurses in.Chelsea, 30, said: “I got up in the middle of the night and the next thing I remember is the doctors and nurses being here. Isabella unlocked my _24_ and phoned the ambulance. She _25_ on a little chair, g
82、ot the house key and let them _26_. Then, she phoned my mum, who was across the road. I _27_ and she was sitting there _28_ at me. That was the bit that broke me, thinking she was there on her own. Even to this day, it is _29_ she did that when she was s0 small. She got a special _30_ from Rainbows,
83、 which was really lovely. Im so _31_ of her.”Three years on, doctors arent sure what caused Chelseas mystery _32_ and are still running tests but suspect it was a blood disorder. But they heaped praise on Isabella, now seven, for _33_ help so quickly, meaning Chelsea got _34_ hospital treatment. Eme
84、rgency call handler Clare Cattermole said: “She behaved really well. She was _35_ and is a real credit to her mum.”21. A. faintedB. satC. sleptD. stood22. A. dialedB. foundC. gotD. searched23. A. homeB. addressC. storyD. name24. A. doorB. roomC. bagD. phone25. A. steppedB. walkedC. climbedD. hurried
85、26. A. outB. inC. upD. down27. A. came to lifeB. came outC. came upD. came down28. A. watchingB. glaringC. staringD. pecking29. A. unacceptableB. unavoidableC. unbelievableD. unreliable30. A. praiseB. medalC. giftD. reward31. A. anxiousB. amazedC. proudD. excited32. A. cancerB. symptomC. heart attac
86、kD. illness33. A. seekingB. givingC. receivingD. asking34. A. carefulB. professionalC. medialD. swift35. A. diligentB. modestC. amazingD. warmhearted【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了2018年，四岁的Isabella Hibbert发现母亲Chelsea晕
87、倒在大曼彻斯特奥尔德姆家中的厨房地板上时，她及时拨打了求助电话，把自己的地址告诉了电话接线员，还爬上凳子让医生和护士进屋来救治母亲。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年，小Isabella Hibbert发现母亲Chelsea晕倒在大曼彻斯特奥尔德姆家中的厨房地板上时，她才4岁。A. fainted晕厥；B. sat坐下；C. slept睡觉；D. stood站立。根据第三段“I got up in the middle of the night and the next thing I remember is the doctors and nurses being here.”
88、可知，Chelsea 记得自己半夜起来，但醒来后就发现医生和护士在自己家里，由此可知她“晕倒”在厨房门口。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个反应敏捷的小女孩抓起切尔西的手机，拨打了999，并把自己的地址告诉了电话接线员，然后爬上凳子让医生和护士进来。A. dialed拨号；B. found找到；C. got得到；D. searched搜索。根据后文“999”可知她四岁的女儿发现她晕倒后，拿起她的手机“拨打”了999，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个反应敏捷的小女孩抓起切尔西的手机，拨打了999，并把自己的地址告诉了电话接线员，然后爬上凳子让医生和护士进来。A.
89、 home家；B. address地址；C. story故事；D. name名字。后来医生和护士来到她的家里，应该是她女儿告诉接电话的人她家的“地址”，故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Isabella打开我的手机，给救护车打了电话。A. door门；B. room房间；C. bag包；D. phone电话。根据后文“phoned the ambulance”可知，Isabella 先解锁她妈妈的“手机”，才能给救护车打电话。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她爬上一把小椅子，拿了房子钥匙，让他们进来。A. stepped行走；B. walked散步；C. climbe
90、d攀登；D. hurried匆忙。根据第二段中“before climbing on a stool to let the doctors and nurses in”指爬上椅子，应用climb。故选C。【26题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：她爬上一把小椅子，拿了房子钥匙，让他们进来。A. out离开；B. in在里面；C. up向上；D. down向下。根据上文“got the house key and let them”指让救护人员进屋子，应用let sb. in。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我苏醒过来，她坐在那里盯着我。A. came to life苏醒；B. cam
91、e out出版；C. came up走近；D. came down下来。根据文意，此处应该指Chelsea“苏醒过来”以后。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我苏醒过来，她坐在那里盯着我。A. watching观看；B. glaring怒视；C. staring凝视；D. pecking窥视。Chelsea苏醒过来以后发现她女儿盯着“她看，stare at“凝视”符合语境。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使到今天，她在很小的时候就做到了，这是令人难以置信的。A. unacceptable不可接受的；B. unavoidable不可避免的；C. unbelievab
92、le难以置信的；D. unreliable不可靠的。她女儿只有四岁，却能拨打急救电话并告诉急救人员她家的地址，给他们开门，她女儿能做到这一切时令人“难以置信的”，故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她得到了彩虹公司的一枚特别奖章，非常可爱。A. praise赞扬；B. medal奖章；C. gift礼物；D. reward奖励。她女儿Isabella 因为做了这么一件令人难以置信的事情，而受到了“彩虹”组织颁发的一枚“奖章”，故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为她感到骄傲。A. anxious焦虑的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. proud骄傲的；D. excite
93、d激动的。结合后文“of her”可知，Chelsea为她女儿所做的事感到“骄傲”，短语be proud of sb.“为某人感到骄傲”故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：三年过去了，医生们仍不确定切尔西神秘疾病的原因，仍在进行测试，但怀疑是血液疾病。A. cancer癌症；B. symptom症状；C. heart attack心脏病；D. illness疾病。结合后文“and are still running tests but suspect it was a blood disorder”可知医生们还不能确定什么引起了Chelsea 的神秘的“疾病”，故选D。【33题详解】
94、考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们高度赞扬了现年七岁的Isabella，因为她这么快就寻求了帮助，这意味着Chelsea很快就得到了医院的治疗。A. seeking寻找；B. giving给予；C. receiving收到；D. asking询问。根据后文“help so quickly”可知Isabella因为快速的“寻求帮助”而获得了人们的称赞，故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们高度赞扬了现年七岁的Isabella，因为她这么快就寻求了帮助，这意味着Chelsea很快就得到了医院的治疗。A. careful仔细的；B. professional专业的；C. medial中间
95、的；D. swift快速的。根据后文“hospital treatment”可知因为Isabella快速寻求了帮助，所以Chelsea很快就得到了医院的治疗。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她太棒了，这是她妈妈的功劳。A. diligent勤奋的；B. modest谦逊的；C. amazing令人惊异的；D. warmhearted亲切的。根据上文“She behaved really well. She was”可知此处在称赞Isabella，Isabella所做的这一切让人觉得令人惊讶，不可思议，故选C。第II卷（非选择题）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅
96、读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In recent years, there _36_ (be) more and more Confucius Institutes being built all over the world, _37_ shows our Chinese culture has become _38_ (popular) than ever. _39_ one of the four ancient civilizations, China creates many splendid cultures within its long hist
97、ory. The ancient Chinese culture once _40_ (have) great influences on the worlds civilization, especially in Japan, South Korea and other Asian countries. Specially, traditional Chinese painting, poem, opera, cooking, clothing, architecture and many other kinds of cultural forms make up the splendid
98、 Chinese culture. The kinds _41_ (list) above are the typical ones which connect to each other at the same time. For example, painting, clothing and architecture has many things in common. And each kind of cultural form contains numerous _42_ (intend). The Chinese culture is slowly accumulated in th
99、e whole history, _43_ (make) it colorful and brilliant. If one wants to know or study Chinese culture deeply, he or she must spend much time in it, _44_ he or she can only get tip of _45_ iceberg.【答案】36. have been 37. which 38. more popular 39. As 40. had 41. listed 42. intentions 43. making 44. oth
100、erwise/or 45. an【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古中国的文明和历史对世界产生了巨大的影响。近年来世界各地建立了越来越多的孔子学院，表明中国文化比过去更受欢迎了。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，在世界各地已经有越来越多的孔子学院被建立，这表明我们中国的文化比过去更受欢迎了。根据提示词be以及设空前的there可知此处考查there be句型；根据上文的In recent years可知，此处应用现在完成时态；there be 句型的现在完成时结构用there has been或there have been；根据设空后的名词复数Confucius Institut
101、es可知，此处应用助动词have。故填have been。【37题详解】考查关系代词。句意：近年来，在世界各地已经有越来越多的孔子学院被建立，这表明我们中国的文化比过去更受欢迎了。分析句子结构可知，设空处用于代指前文的整个句子“In recent years, there _1_ (be) more and more Confucius Institutes being built all over the world,”,且设空前有逗号，所以设空所在句是一个非限定性定语从句；分析非限定性定语从句结构可知，设空处代指前文的句子，作从句的主语，所以要用关系代词which引导。故填which。【3
102、8题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：近年来，在世界各地已经有越来越多的孔子学院被建立，这表明我们中国的文化比过去更受欢迎了。根据提示词popular和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级；popular的比较级是more popular。故填more popular。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：作为四大文明古国之一，中国有着悠久的历史并且创造了许多辉煌的文化。根据句意可知，设空处意为“作为”，应用as表示；设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填As。【40题详解】考查时态。句意：古中国的文化曾经对世界影响巨大，尤其是日本、韩国和其他亚洲国家。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语；根据an
103、cient和once可知，此处应用一般过去时态，提示词have的过去式是had。故填had。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上面列出的类型是同时相互关联的典型类型。分析句子结构可知，The kinds作主语，are作谓语，所以提示词list在句中作非谓语；根据句意可知，设空处修饰前面的名词kinds，且两者之间是被动关系，即类型“被列出”；表示被动应用过去分词，list的过去分词是listed。故填listed。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：而每一种文化形式都包含着无数的意图。设空前的numerous是形容词，意为“无数的”，用于修饰名词复数；提示词intend的名词形式是intentio
104、n，其复数形式是intentions。故填intentions。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国文化在整个历史中慢慢积累，使之丰富多彩。分析句子成分可知，The Chinese culture作主语，is作谓语，所以提示词make在句中作非谓语；根据句意可知，此处指自然而然的结果，所以要用现在分词作状语，make的现在分词是making。故填making。【44题详解】考查连接副词。句意：如果一个人想深入了解或研究中国文化，他或她必须花很多时间在其中，否则他或她只能得到冰山一角。分析句意可知，设空前后的两个分句之间构成转折关系，且设空处意为“否则”，表示“否则”应用副词otherwis
105、e或or。故填otherwise/or。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：如果一个人想深入了解或研究中国文化，他或她必须花很多时间在其中，否则他或她只能得到冰山一角。设空前的iceberg是可数名词单数，此处表泛指，所以前面要用不定冠词修饰，iceberg是元音音素开头的单词，所以要用an。故填an。第四部分写作 （共二节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，你所在的学校要征集-封英文感谢信，以致敬抗洪抢险一线的战士们， 请你根据下列要点写一封信用于投稿。1.表达谢意； 2.个人感受；3.表达信心。注意：1.词数 100词左右； 2.可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结束
106、语以为你写好。Dear Firefighters,_Yours sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear Firefighters,I am Li Hua, a high middle school student in Shan Dong. Im writing to express sincere gratitude to you all for your devotion and sacrifice in this battle against the flood.In this flood, it is you who, despite the lack of equipmen
107、t and the risk of losing your lives, desperately rescue those trapped but striving for life. It is also you who have shed new light on lives of the people suffering greatly to build up their confidence to defeat it. It is you who deserve all the admiration and love!I can never express our thankfulne
108、ss too much for your selfless contribution. Its widely believed that with the joint efforts the flood will be defeated and peoples lives return to normal soon.Good luck and stay well!Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封感谢信，以致敬抗洪抢险一线的战士们。【详解】1.词汇积累表达：expressshow真诚的：sincereheartfelt救援：res
109、cuesave感谢：thankfulnessgratitude2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I am Li Hua, a high middle school student in Shan Dong.拓展句：I am Li Hua who is a high middle school student in Shan Dong.【点睛】高分句型1 It is also you who have shed new light on lives of the people suffering greatly to build up their confidence to defeat it.
110、(运用了强调句型)高分句型2 Its widely believed that with the joint efforts the flood will be defeated and peoples lives return to normal soon.(运用了that引导的主语从句)第二部分（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Finding a FriendTwo years ago, a dog ran into my yard. When he started to wag his tail and bark, I tho
111、ught he was nice. But when my hand got close to his forehead, he lashed out and bit me. The next day when I woke up I was lying in the hospital bed with stitches on my right arm from my wrist to my elbow. Even though the dog had to go to the pound, the fear and the scares he gave never left.You can
112、imagine with my fear of something like this I was an easy target for bullies. I didnt want to become friends with anyone at my school.I knew the day would come when the teasing would become too much and I wouldnt be able to take it any longer. On a Friday it happened and I ended up running to my hou
113、se instead of taking the bus home. I went straight into the woods. I listened to the hush of the trees and admired the beauty of the falling leaves, letting all the frustration go.Suddenly I heard whimpering (呜咽). I saw the last thing I wanted to see, a dog. From instinct I stood up, legs tense, but
114、 the dog didnt move. Even with my fear of dogs, a part of me wanted to go and comfort the wounded dog. Eventually my heart overpowered my conscience. Carefully I reached out my right hand. My scar started to tingle, remembering the last time I was this close to a dog. Then, before I was ready the do
115、g stretched out his neck, pushing his head into my hand. At that point I knew we needed each other.The dog happily followed me home. Even after a few days with Scruffy (which is what I chose to name him), the statement “Dogs are mans best friend” was proven true.One day, I was taking him for a walk
116、when I noticed a sign on a telephone pole. The sign read:Lost DogMedium height, brown eyes, male, scruffy light brown hair. Answers to the name Copper. If seen, please call me at 544-0222, or bring him to my house at 18 Sugar Hill Road, Easton, NH.Thank you,Annie SamsonNext to the writing there was
117、a picture of Copper.Paragraph 1 Undoubtedly, that was a picture of the dog sitting right beside me._Paragraph 2 The next day I brought Copper to Easton to find his owner._【答案】One possible version:Paragraph 1 Undoubtedly, that was a picture of the dog sitting right beside me. My heart shattered into
118、a million pieces. The dog who had rescued me from drowning in sadness belonged to someone else.That evening I sat in bed, staring at the sign that I had torn down in anger. Just then it occurred to me that Annie was probably feeling just as miserable as I had before I found “Copper”. At that moment
119、I knew I had to return my friend to his rightful owner.Paragraph 2 The next day I brought Copper to Easton to find his owner. When I knocked on the door I knew I had done the right thing. The girl answered the door and almost cried with happiness that her dog had come home. She thanked me about twen
120、ty times before she took Copper. Then, right as she was closing the door, I whispered, “Hes a great dog.” She must have recognized the sadness in my eyes because she offered for me to come over after school and walk Copper with her.Annie and I quickly became best friends and to this day we still are
121、. Surprisingly enough, I owe it all to a dog.【解析】【分析】本文以动物为线索展开，讲述了作者被狗咬过后变得胆小不愿意和别人交朋友，但是有一次在森林遇到的流浪狗和自己相处很好，收养了它，在得知它是别人寻物启事的小狗后送它回家的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“毫无疑问，这是一张狗坐在我旁边的照片。”可知，第一段可描写作者对是否归还这只把他从悲伤中救出来的狗的内心挣扎经过。由第二段首句内容“第二天，我带着考伯到伊斯顿去找它的主人。”可知，第二段可描写作者带小狗一起回原来的主人家。2.续写线索： 被狗咬克服恐惧收养纠结归还感悟3.词汇激活行为
122、类想到：strike/hit/occur to.合法的主人：his legal owner./his rightful owner.看出：tell/recognize情绪类.伤心的：heartbroken/miserable.感谢：showing her appreciation/show her gratitude/be grateful【点睛】高分句型1.The dog who had rescued me from drowning in sadness belonged to someone else.（由关系代词who引导的定语从句）高分句型2.When I knocked on the door I knew I had done the right thing.（由when引导状语从句）