1、课时作业(四)单元小测必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层.单句语法填空1An accompanying economic _ (analyse) said that a lack of maths skills cost the UK 20 billion pounds per year.2Its not _ (vital) important that we get extra funding for the project but it would help.3Whether you can do the _ (science) research work well entirely depen
2、ds on how hard you will work.4When the wheel got _ (stick) in the mud, he jumped into the swamp to push the cart out with his shoulder.5He _ (acknowledge) that he had broken the law.6Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious _ (consequence)7Since the new president came _ power, great changes hav
3、e taken place in the country.8The article summed _ the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites and rockets.9Tom studies hard and likes to help others, _ is what his parents expect.10I left on Sunday, _ everyone was at home.完成句子1普遍认为新鲜食物对我们的健康有益。(It is acknowledged that.)
4、_2据报道3人在这起交通事故中受伤。(It is reported that.)_3这个法国人说起长城好像他以前去过那里似的。(as if)_4我突然想到我可以把书捐给慈善机构(charity)。(It strikes sb. that.)_5他坚持主张由于天气不好运动会应推迟到下周。(insist that.)_6贫困国家最需要的不是钱而是先进的技术。(not.but.)_7由于努力学习，在昨天的英语竞赛中他得了满分。(as a consequence of.)_8当他苏醒过来时，他发现自己被一群男孩包围了。(find宾语宾补)_9在大街上走着的时候，我偶然遇见了李雷，我很多年没有见过他了。
5、(定语从句)_10史密斯先生昨天退休了，他女儿去年考上了清华大学。(定语从句)_关键能力提升练进阶训练第二层.阅读Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were two young men from Germany who loved a good story. As university students, they became interested in folktalestraditional stories that people memorized and told again and again. They began to collect traditional fo
6、lktales from storytellers all over Germany. Many were similar to stories told in France, Italy, Japan, and other countries. Between 1812 and 1814, the brothers published two books in German. These included stories like “Hansel and Gretel” and “Little Red Riding Hood”Despite the fact that Jacob and W
7、ilhelm Grimm are often associated with Snow White and Rapunzel, the brothers didnt actually write any of those stories. In fact, the stories existed long before the two men were born in Germany in the mid 1780s. The fairy tales, in fact, were part of a rich oral traditionpassed down from generation
8、to generation, often by women seeking to pass the time during household chores. In 1812, Jacob and Wilhelm published the stories as part of a collection titled Nursery and Household Tales, or what is now known as Grimms Fairy Tales. The Grimm brothers tales were about traditional life and beliefs. F
9、or example, forests are common in Germany, and this image often appears in the Grimms stories. In the past, many people believed forests were dangerous places. In the Grimms stories, a forest is the home of evil witches, talking animals, and other magical beings. Although most people today think of
10、these stories as fairy tales for children, the brothers first wrote them for adults. Many of their early tales were dark and a little scary. Later, the brothers changed the text of some of the original stories. They “softened” many of the tales and added drawings. This made them more appropriate (合适
11、的) for children. Like the early tales, though, each story still has a moral:_work hard, be good, and listen to your parents. Actually, universitytrained philologists (语言学者) and librarians, Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm published more than fairy tales. They wrote books about mythology, and published schola
12、rly works on linguistics and medieval studies. 1What is the main purpose of the reading?ATo compare the Grimms stories to modern childrens stories.BTo explain why storytelling is important in Germany.CTo examine two of the Grimms fairy tales. DTo give information about the Grimm brothers and their s
13、tories.2Which of these statements is true about the Grimm brothers?AThey invented the fairy tales in their books.BThey wrote their books in different languages.CThey became interested in folktales as students.DThey traveled to many countries to collect stories.3Which of the following best explains “
14、moral” underlined in Paragraph 4?AInterest. BText.CStory. DMessage.4What do we know about the Grimms stories? AThe later stories had morals, like the early ones.BThe early stories were written for children.CThe early stories had a lot of drawings.DThe later stories reflected German life, but the ear
15、ly ones didnt.七选五Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving Day in the USA, falling on the Friday after the fourth Thursday in November._1_Many people choose a day from their annual leave and have a day off on Black Friday. Some people use this to take trips to see family members or friends who live
16、 in other areas or to go on vacation. Shopping for Christmas presents is popular on Black Friday. Many stores have special offers and lower their prices of some goods, such as toys.Public life_2_ Many people take a day off on the day after Thanksgiving Day. Many organizations also close for the Than
17、ksgiving weekend.Public transportation systems may run on their normal schedule or may have changes. Some stores extend their opening hours on Black Friday. _3_BackgroundBlack Friday, the day after Thanksgiving Day, is one of the busiest shopping days in the USA. _4_ One theory is that the wheels of
18、 vehicles in heavy traffic on the day after Thanksgiving Day leave many black marks on the road surface, leading to the term “Black Friday”The other theory is that the term “Black Friday” comes from an old way of recording business accounts. _5_ Many businesses, particularly small businesses, starte
19、d making profits before Christmas. They hoped to start showing a profit marked in black ink on the day after Thanksgiving Day.More recently, Black Friday has been exported to nations outside of North America such as the United Kingdom by major online retailers like Amazon or Apple. In 2011, IBM repo
20、rted online Black Friday sales were up by 24.3%, according to a study that includes 500 retailers.APeoples activitiesBHistory of Black Friday.CLosses were recorded in red ink and profits in black ink.DA busy shopping day is a holiday in some states.EThere can also be jams on roads to popular shoppin
21、g destinations.FThere are two popular theories as to why it is called “Black Friday ”GBlack Friday is not a federal holiday but a public one in some states.完形填空A little boy almost considered himself as the most unfortunate child in the world because a terrible illness made his leg lame (瘸的). He _1_
22、played with his classmates; when the teacher asked him to answer questions, he always _2_ his head without a word.One spring, the boys father got some saplings (树苗) and told his _3_ to plant one each person. The father also _4_ to buy a favourite gift for whoever grew best. The boy also wanted to ge
23、t his fathers _5_. But seeing his brothers and sisters carry water actively, he lost _6_. So after watering it once or twice, he never _7_ it.A few days later, when the little boy went to see his tree again, he was _8_ to find that it appeared greener and stronger than his sisters and brothers. His
24、father _9_ his promise, and said that he would surely become an outstanding botanist (植物学家) when he _10_ up.From then on, the little boy slowly became _11_. One night, he suddenly recalled what the _12_ teacher once said: Plants generally grow at night. Then he came to the courtyard and unexpectedly
25、 found his father _13_ under his tree with a big spoon. Suddenly, he understood his father had been secretly watering his small tree!Decades passed. The little boy didnt become a botanist, but he was elected President of the United States. His name was Franklin Delano Roosevelt._14_ is the best nutr
26、ition (营养) of life; even if it is just one spoonful of clear _15_， it can make the tree of life lively.1 A.always BseldomCfrequently Dsometimes2 A.lowered BraisedCkept Dnodded3 A.daughters BsonsCchildren Dneighbours4 A.demanded BpromisedCagreed Dwished5 A.gift BpraiseCtool Dhelp6 A.touch BsightChear
27、t Dface7 A.looked after Blooked forClooked around Dlooked into8 A.disappointed BexcitedCworried Dsurprised9 A.changed BmadeCkept Dbroke10A.grew BwokeCgave Dstayed11A.hopeless BoptimisticCguilty Dgenerous12A.history BphysicsCchemistry Dbiology13A.working BrestingCsleeping Dsinging14A.Help BLoveCWork
28、DPromise15A.sand BsoupCsoil Dwater.语法填空The summer solstice (夏至) has been widely recognized as a festival throughout the world.The word solstice originates (起源) from the Latin sol and sistere, 1._ (mean) “sunstanding”. 2._ the days lengthen, the sun rises higher and higher until it seems to stand sti
29、ll in the sky. It is one of the great turning points of the year, when the sun is at its 3._ (high) point in the sky during a year.Today, the day is celebrated around the world. In England thousands gather to welcome the sunrise on the summer solstice. Throughout Europe groups light a fire and stay
30、up all night to welcome the dawn. In Paris, the day 4._ (mark) with free concerts during the every years Fte de la Musique. When it comes 5._ the U. S， the city of Santa Barbara in California holds the countys biggest 6._ (celebrate) that lasts a full threeday time. On the East Coast, New York City
31、7._ (tradition) welcomes the summer solstice with a music concert at the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine.In the southern part of China, eating lychees (荔枝) during the summer solstice 8._ (be) a long tradition because eating lychees will cause less “heat” to the body. There is a saying in Shandong
32、 Province 9._ goes, “Eating dumplings on the winter solstice day and eating 10._ (noodle) on the summer solstice day.”.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ali and his younger sister, Zahra, lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood. Their mother was very sick and their father was struggli
33、ng to find a job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for several months, the landlord was breathing down their necks (盯着他们)One day, Ali took Zahras shoes to a shoe repairman to be fixed, but he lost them on the way home. It wasnt until he got home
34、that he realized he had lost the shoes. He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sister to keep it secret. Zahra agreed and the two decided to share Alis running shoes. Zahras school hours were in the morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she wo
35、uld rush back and give them to Ali. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon. Although he ran as fast as he could, Ali often arrived late and was warned by the school.Ali heard about a long distance race that was held for the boys in the city. When he learned that the third priz
36、e was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.The day of race arrived. Ali had a strong start, but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he tho
37、ught only of Zahra and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right behind the two fastest runners, determined to finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided (碰撞) with Ali from behind and he crashed
38、 to the ground.注意：1续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead._Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly._课时作业(四)单元小测必备知识基础练.单句语法填空1analysis2.vitally3.scientific4.stuck5.acknowledged6.consequences7.to8.up9.which10.when.完成句子1It is generally acknowledged that fresh fo
39、od is beneficial to our health.2It is reported that three people were injured in the traffic accident.3The French man talked about the Great Wall as if he had been there before.4It struck me that I could donate the books to charities.5He insisted that the sports meeting be put off till the next week
40、 because of the bad weather.6What poor countries need most is not money but advanced technology.7As a consequence of hard work, he got full marks in the English contest yesterday.8When he came to himself, he found himself surrounded by a group of boys.9Walking down the street, I came across Li Lei,
41、whom I hadnt seen for years.10Mr. Smith retired yesterday, whose daughter went to Tsinghua University last year.关键能力提升练.阅读【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了格林兄弟及其作品。1答案与解析：D主旨大意题。通读全文， 特别是根据第一段， 雅各布格林和威廉格林是两个来自德国的年轻人， 他们喜欢听好听的故事。作为大学生， 他们开始对民间故事感兴趣人们反复记忆和讲述的传统故事。他们开始从德国各地的说书人那里收集传统民间故事， 以及下文可知， 文章主要介绍了格林兄弟及其作品。故选D。
42、2答案与解析：C细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句话As university students, they became interested in folktalestraditional stories可知， 当他们还是学生的时候， 就对民间故事非常感兴趣。3答案与解析：D词义猜测题。根据上文可知， 格林童话和早期民间故事一样， 教人们努力、 善良、 听爸妈的话这样的道德寓意。4答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第四段Like the early tales, though, each story still has a moral: work hard, be good, and listen
43、 to your parents. 可知， 格林童话的故事和早期一样， 都有寓意。.七选五【语篇解读】本文讲述了黑色星期五。黑色星期五是美国感恩节之后的一天，在11月的第四个星期四之后的星期五。很多人都在这一天休假。这一天也是美国最繁忙的购物日之一，这种购物传统也延伸到了国外。1答案与解析：A根据设空位置可知，这是一个小标题，通读设空处后的内容可知，这段讲述了人们在黑色星期五时的活动，故选A项。2答案与解析：G根据上下文可知，黑色星期五不是联邦假日，而是一些州的公共假日。许多人在感恩节后的一天休假。许多组织也会因感恩节周末关闭。故选G项。3答案与解析：E根据上文可知公共交通运营或许有变化，一些
44、商场延长营业时间。由于许多人选择在这一天上街购物，因此公路上也会有交通堵塞的情况。故选E项。4答案与解析：F本段讲述黑色星期五的由来，根据下文“One theory.The other theory.”得知，关于为什么被称为“黑色星期五”，有两种普遍的理论。故选F项。5答案与解析：C根据上文“黑色星期五”这个词来源于一种古老的商家记账的方式，以及下文许多企业，尤其是小型企业，在圣诞节前开始盈利。很多企业希望用黑色墨水标明利润。可知设空处是讲述的古老的记账方式，亏损用红墨水记录，利润用黑墨水记录，故选C项。.完形填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了种树的经历让罗斯福改变了性格，最终成为美
45、国总统。文章告诉我们爱是生命最好的营养。1答案与解析：B根据上句A little boy almost considered himself as the most unfortunate child in the world because a terrible illness made his leg lame.可知，一个小孩因为腿瘸而认为自己是世界上最不幸的孩子，说明他自卑，很少和同学一起玩。故选B项。2答案与解析：A根据上文可知小男孩很自卑，再由空后的his head without a word可知，当老师提问他的时候，他总是低着头一言不发。故选A项。3答案与解析：C根据空后的to
46、plant one each person和后文的But seeing his brothers and sisters可知，这位父亲告诉他的孩子们每人种一棵。故选C项。4答案与解析：B根据下文的His father _9_ his promise可知，这位父亲还作出了承诺，给种得最好的那个孩子买礼物。故选B项。5答案与解析：A根据上句The father also _4_ to buy a favourite gift for whoever grew best.可知，父亲答应给种得最好的孩子买礼物，这个男孩也想要礼物。故选A项。6答案与解析：C根据空前的But seeing his bro
47、thers and sisters carry water actively可知，当看到哥哥和姐姐们这么积极地抬水，他就失去信心了。lose heart意为“失去信心”。故选C项。7答案与解析：A根据he lost _6_和So after watering it once or twice可知，在浇了一两次水之后(浇水的目的是照顾树苗)，他便不再照顾它了。故选A项。8答案与解析：D根据空后的it appeared greener and stronger than his sisters and brothers可知，他很少照料的树看起来比姐姐和哥哥的树还要绿和强壮，因此他感到很惊讶。故选D
48、项。9答案与解析：C根据语境可知，他的父亲遵守了诺言。keep ones promise意为“遵守诺言”。故选C项。10答案与解析：A根据下文倒数第二段的Decades passed. The little boy didnt become a botanist可知，父亲告诉孩子当他长大的时候他一定会成为一名出色的植物学家。故选A项。11答案与解析：B根据上文第一段的when the teacher asked him to answer questions，he always _2_ his head without a word.可知，男孩从得到鼓励后开始慢慢变得乐观起来，这与开头悲观的情
49、绪形成对比。故选B项。12答案与解析：D根据空后的Plants generally grow at night.可知植物通常在晚上生长，这是生物老师说的，故选D项。13答案与解析：A根据空后的under his tree with a big spoon和下句的his father had been secretly watering his small tree可知，当他来到院子里，他看到父亲正在树下用大勺子干活。故选A项。14答案与解析：B根据全文可知是父亲对罗斯福的爱帮助他成长。故选B项。15答案与解析：D根据上文倒数第三段的his father had been secretly wa
50、tering his small tree可知，此处是说，即使只是一勺子水，它也能让生命之树充满活力。故选D项。.语法填空【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了夏至，以及夏至时世界各地的庆祝活动。1答案与解析：meaning考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词是originates，这里应用非谓语形式，mean与主语solstice是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用动词ing形式。2答案与解析：As考查连词。由语境可知，此处表示“随着白天变长”，故应用as引导状语从句，表示“随着”。3答案与解析：highest考查形容词的最高级。依据上文中的“the sun rises higher an
51、d higher”和“one of the great turning points”及常识可知，太阳在夏至这一天是最高的，故用最高级。4答案与解析：is marked考查时态和语态。依据上下文可知，此处应用一般现在时；mark sth. with sth.表示“用纪念/庆贺”，此处应用其被动语态。5答案与解析：to考查介词。When it comes to.表示“当谈及”，其中to为介词。6答案与解析：celebration考查名词。由句中的the countys biggest可知此处用名词，celebration表示“庆祝，庆典”。7答案与解析：traditionally考查副词。分析句
52、子结构可知，该空修饰动词welcomes，故用副词形式。8答案与解析：is考查主谓一致。动词ing形式短语作主语时谓语动词用单数。本句的主语是“eating lychees (荔枝) during the summer solstice”，因此谓语动词用is。9答案与解析：that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰saying，从句中缺少主语，因此用which或that。10答案与解析：noodles考查名词复数。noodle是可数名词，其前没有限定词，故应用复数形式。.读后续写参考范文：Ali looked up and saw the other boys
53、rushing ahead. Refusing to give up at this point, he jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could. He dashed across the finishing line and won the fourth prize. Thinking he would let her sister down, Ali couldnt help sobbing. Just then he suddenly heard the announcement from the broadcast that he
54、won the third prize as the runner who collided with Ali was disqualified for breaking the rule. Holding the shoes close to his chest during the award ceremony, Ali felt overjoyed and relieved as he eventually won the shoes for his sister.Filled with pleasure, Ali walked home quickly. He could not wa
55、it to see his sister and share the good news. On his arrival, Ali found Zahra was waiting outside. Nervous and anxious, Zahra wondered whether her brother had brought her what she was expecting. “Zahra, see what I have got for you.” Ali said excitedly, taking the prize out of his bag with his trembling hands. The instant Zahra saw the shoes, her face lit up. So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali. “Thank you! Ali.” Tears of joy welled up in their eyes as the brother and the sister hugged tightly together.