1、Unit 5The power of nature第四学时 Grammar复习Ving形式传统语法中Ving形式通常被分为动名词和现在分词。一、Ving的形式主动形式被动形式否定形式一般式doingbeing donenot doing/not being done完成式having donehaving been donenot having done/not having been done二、Ving形式作动名词时在句中的作用2作宾语(1)作动词宾语。用于某些动词(如imagine,enjoy,escape,mind,keep,finish,suggest,avoid,admit,app
2、reciate,pardon,practise,feel like,cant help,allow,advise,consider等)的后面。He suggested going out for a walk.他建议出去走走。(2)作介词宾语。He is fond of listening to pop music.他喜欢听流行音乐。Thank you for helping me with my English.谢谢你帮助我学英语。三、Ving作现在分词时在句中的作用现在分词的一般式doing表示其动作与谓语动词的动作同时或几乎同时进行;完成式having done表示其动作在谓语动词的动作
3、之前已经完成。Having finished the homework,he went to play basketball.完成功课后,他去打篮球。(先完成功课,然后再打篮球)Seeing from the top of the hill,I could see a beautiful city.从山顶上看,我能看到一座美丽的城市。(两个“看”几乎同时发生)1作定语现在分词作定语时,分词表示被修饰名词所发出的动作。单个现在分词作定语时放在被修饰的名词之前,说明该名词的动作、行为或特征;而现在分词短语作定语时,应该放在被修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句。The sleeping girl l
4、ooks very pretty.那个睡觉的女孩看起来挺漂亮。The girl answering the question is my younger sister.(The girl who is answering the question is my younger sister.)回答问题的那个女孩是我的妹妹。注意:现在分词作定语时,表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生,或表示某个经常发生的动作或存在的状态。2作状语现在分词作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、行为方式或伴随状态。Being a friend of yours,I must tell you th
5、e truth.作为你的朋友,我必须告诉你真相。(原因)They walked home,singing and dancing.他们边唱边跳着回家。(伴随)When crossing the road,you must be careful.过马路时你必须小心点。(时间)His father died,leaving him a lot of money.他的爸爸去世了,留给他很多钱。(结果)注意:现在分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语应保持一致。(正)Hearing the news,he turned red.(误)Hearing the news,his face turned red.(his face不能发出hearing这个动作)听到这个消息,他脸红了。3作宾补可带现在分词作宾补的常见动词有:get,watch,have,keep,notice,find,feel,observe,hear,listen,leave,smellI am sorry to keep you waiting so long./Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long.对不起,让您久等了。